Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Evidence Of Positive Selection In Mitochondrial Complexes I And V Of The African Elephant., Tabitha M. Finch, Nan Zhao, Dmitry Korkin, Katy H. Frederick, Lori S. Eggert

CVM Publications

As species evolve, they become adapted to their local environments. Detecting the genetic signature of selection and connecting that to the phenotype of the organism, however, is challenging. Here we report using an integrative approach that combines DNA sequencing with structural biology analyses to assess the effect of selection on residues in the mitochondrial DNA of the two species of African elephants. We detected evidence of positive selection acting on residues in complexes I and V, and we used homology protein structure modeling to assess the effect of the biochemical properties of the selected residues on the enzyme structure. Given …

Cd8Α Dendritic Cells Drive Establishment Of Hsv-1 Latency, Kevin R. Mott, Sariah J. Allen, Mandana Zandian, Bindu Konda, Behrooz G. Sharifi, Clinton Jones, Steven L. Wechsler, Terrence Town, Homayon Ghiasi

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

It is generally accepted that CD8 T cells play the key role to maintain HSV-1 latency in trigeminal ganglia of ocularly infected mice. Yet, comparably little is known about the role of innate immunity in establishment of viral latency. In the current study, we investigated whether CD8α DCs impact HSV-1 latency by examining latency in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) of wildtype (WT) C57BL/6 versus CD8α^‒/‒ (lack functional CD8 T cells and CD8α⁺ DCs), CD8β^‒/‒ (have functional CD8α⁺ T cells and CD8α⁺ DCs), and β2m^‒/‒ (lack functional CD8 T cells but have CD8α^{+ …}

The Role Of Sirtuin 1 And Ceramide In T10C12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid Induced Delipidation In 3t3-L1 Adipocytes, Wei Wang

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Project 1: Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12 CLA) reduces triglyceride (TG) levels in adipocytes through multiple pathways, with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) generally facilitating, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) generally opposing these reductions. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a histone/protein deacetylase that affects energy homeostasis, often functions coordinately with AMPK, and is capable of binding to PPARγ, thereby inhibiting its activity. This study investigated the role of SIRT1 in the response of 3T3-L1 adipocytes to t10c12 CLA by testing the following hypotheses: 1) SIRT1 is functionally required for robust TG reduction; …

Overexpression Of Thioredoxin Binding Protein (Tbp-2) Increases Oxidation Sensitivity And Apoptosis In Human Lens Epithelial Cells, Yibo Yu, Kuiyi Xing, Rilwan Badamas, Charles A. Kuszynski, Hongli Wuand, Marjorie F. Lou

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Thioredoxin (Trx) is an important redox regulator with cytosolic Trx1 and mitochondrial Trx2 isozymes. Trx has multi-physiological functions in cells and its bioavailability is negatively controlled through active site binding to a specific thioredoxin binding protein (TBP-2). This paper describes the delicate balance between TBP-2 and Trx, and the effect of overexpression of TBP-2 in the human lens epithelial cells. Cells overexpressing TBP-2 (TBP-2 OE) showed a 7- fold increase of TBP-2, and a nearly 40% suppression of Trx activity but no change in Trx expression. The TBP-2 OE cells grew slower and their population decreased to 30% by day …

Growing South Dakota (Spring 2014), College Of Agriculture &. Biological Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

This issue contains the SDSU Extension 2013 Annual Report.

[Page] 2 The New SDSU Extension: Two Years Later, Change Has Brought New Successes
[Page] 4 Your 24-7 Connection: iGrow.org Makes SDSU Extension Easily Accessible, Responsive
[Page] 5 SDSU Regional Extension Centers: Your Front Door To SDSU
[Pages] 6-7 Leading The Challenge: Projects To Address Food Security, Financial Knowledge Underway
[Pages] 8-9 Regional Collaboration: SET Grants & Food Networks Initiated
[Pages] 10-11 Encouraging & Empowering: Native American Program Assists Reservations In Striving For Healthy Food, Healthy Communities & Youth Science Programming
[Page] 12 Evaluating Yields: Crop Performance Testing Provides Important, Unbiased …

Forecasting The Spread Of Raccoon Rabies Using A Purpose-Specific Group Decision-Making Process., Aaron M. Anderson, Stephanie A. Shwiff, Richard B. Chipman, Todd C. Atwood, Tyler Cozzens, Frank Fillo, Robert Hale, Brody Hatch, Joanne Maki, Olin E. Rhodes Jr., Erin E. Rees, Charles E. Rupprecht, Rowland Tinline, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Dennis Slate

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and USDA Wildlife Services (WS) have been involved in an oral rabies vaccination (ORV) program for raccoons (Procyon lotor) that has slowed the westward spread of raccoon rabies. The objective of this study was to forecast the spread of the disease if an ORV zone was not maintained. A group decision-making process was designed to address the forecasting problem and was implemented using a group of 15 experts and 4 support personnel at a meeting at the USDA National Wildlife Research Center. Ten expansion regions were constructed that described the spread of …

Evaluation Of Novel Oral Vaccine Candidates And Validation Of A Caprine Model Of Johne’S Disease, Murray E. Hines Ii, Sue E. Turnquist, Marcia R.S. Ilha, Sreekumari Rajeev, Arthur L. Jones, Lisa Whittington, John P. Bannantine, Raul G. Barletta, Yrjö T. Gröhn, Robab Katani, Adel M. Talaat, Lingling Li, Vivek Kapur

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Johne’s disease (JD) caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is a major threat to the dairy industry and possibly some cases of Crohn’s disease in humans. A MAP vaccine that reduced of clinical disease and/or reduced fecal shedding would aid in the control of JD. The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the efficacy of 5 attenuated strains of MAP as vaccine candidates compared to a commercial control vaccine using the protocol proposed by the Johne’s Disease Integrated Program (JDIP) Animal Model Standardization Committee (AMSC), and (2) to validate the AMSC Johne’s disease go at challenge model. …

Using Progesterone As An Indicator Of Ovarian Response To Stimulation In Cattle, Kayla Mariah Kauffman

Animal Science

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of A Novel Influenza Virus In Cattle And Swine: Proposal For A New Genus In The Orthomyxoviridae Family, Ben M. Hause, Emily A. Collin, Runxia Liu, Bing Huang, Zizhang Sheng, Wuxun Lu, Dan Wang, Eric A. Nelson, Feng Li

Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications

We have recently reported the isolation of a novel virus, provisionally designated C/swine/Oklahoma/1334/2011 (C/OK), with 50% overall homology to human influenza C viruses (ICV), from a pig in Oklahoma. Deep RNA sequencing of C/OK virus found a matrix 1 (M1) protein expression strategy that differed from that of ICV. The novelty of C/OK virus prompted us to investigate whether C/OK virus could exist in a nonswine species. Significantly, we found that C/OK virus was widespread in U.S. bovine herds, as demonstrated by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and serological assays. Genome sequencing of three bovine viruses isolated from two herds in different …

Prevalence Of Disorders Recorded In Dogs Attending Primary-Care Veterinary Practices In England, Dan G. O'Neill, David B. Church, Paul D. Mcgreevy, Peter C. Thomson, Dave C. Brodbelt

Epidemiology Collection

Purebred dog health is thought to be compromised by an increasing occurence of inherited diseases but inadequate prevalence data on common disorders have hampered efforts to prioritise health reforms. Analysis of primary veterinary practice clinical data has been proposed for reliable estimation of disorder prevalence in dogs. Electronic patient record (EPR) data were collected on 148,741 dogs attending 93 clinics across central and south-eastern England. Analysis in detail of a random sample of EPRs relating to 3,884 dogs from 89 clinics identified the most frequently recorded disorders as otitis externa (prevalence 10.2%, 95% CI: 9.1–11.3), periodontal disease (9.3%, 95% CI: …

Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Wing Fractures On Survival And Re-Release, Katherine O'Neill

Animal Science

No abstract provided.

Molecular Characterization And Expression Analysis Of Mir-29a In Porcine Cells And Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infected Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells, Win Surachetpong, Sunaree Nantakhruea, Porntippa Lekcharoensuk

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

MicroRNAs are a group of small non-coding RNA that are involved in posttranscriptional regulation through target mRNA degradation or inhibition of protein synthesis. The objective of this present study was to characterize and determine expression level of porcine miR-29a in various tissues. Our results indicated that porcine miR-29a shared high conserved sequence with miR-29a from other organisms. Furthermore, in silico analysis suggested that the seed region of porcine miR-29a partially matched IFN-γ mRNA. RT-PCR analysis indicated that miR-29a expressed in various tissues including lymph node, spleen, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and PK-15 cells. Expression profiling of miR-29a in PRRSV-infected …

Veterinary Education Status Toward Asean 2015, Achariya Sailasuta

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Veterinary education has been established in many ASEAN countries. The curriculums produce thousands of veterinarians each year to meet the demands of each country. Among ASEAN countries, there are veterinary schools in 8 out of 10 countries, and no veterinary school in Brunei Darussaram and Singapore. Since agriculture is one the main industries in the ASEAN countries, the need for veterinary practices in the treatment, prevention and control animal diseases is necessary. The goal is to establish suitable veterinary curriculum to produce well-trained veterinarians and develop advances in veterinary research. Therefore, each country has its own established DVM programs with …

Recombinant Human Follicle Stimulating Hormone And Growth Factors Improve The Meiotic And Developmental Competence Of Cat Oocytes, Theerawat Tharasanit, Chommanart Thongkittidilok, Thanida Sananmuang, Mongkol Techakumphu

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

In vitro embryo production has proven as potential tool for understanding factors involving developmental biology of embryos. This study aimed at examining the effects of recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone (rhFSH) on meiotic resumption and also on developmental competence of cat oocytes. Experiment 1 studied mRNA expression of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptors (R) in cumulus cells. mRNA expression of LH receptor in cumulus cells after oocyte maturation was additionally examined. Experiment 2 examined the effect of different rhFSH concentrations (0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 1 IU/ml) on …

Sources And Disseminations Of Salmonella Spp. In An Integrated Broiler Meat Production, Nion Boonprasert, Suphachai Nuanualsuwan, Chaiwat Pulsrikarn, Sarinya Pornaem, Nipa Chokesajjawatee

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

In this study, important sources and disseminations of Salmonella in integrated broiler meat production was conducted in the north-eastern part of Thailand during 2010-2012. Both environmental samples and chicken-related samples from three broiler meat production cycles, starting from breeder farm, hatchery, broiler farm, and slaughterhouse were collected. The chicken-related samples were tested to monitor Salmonella status of the chickens, eggs, or whole carcasses, whereas the environmental samples were tested to investigate the possible sources of Salmonella contamination. A total of 1,449 chicken-related samples and 802 environmental samples were analyzed. Results of this study showed that Salmonella was found in all …

Transvenous Pacemaker Implantation In A Schnauzer With Sick Sinus Syndrome, Amornrate Sastravaha, Kriengkrai Jirasirirojanakorn, Jatuporn Noosud, Taksaon Duangurai, Tanhatai Krajarngjang, Wijit Sutthiprapa, Sirirat Niyom, Naris Thengchaisri

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A fourteen-year-old female neutered Schnauzer was presented to the hospital with multiple syncopal episodes for two weeks. The dog appeared fatigue and sleepy but remained responsive. Clinical examination revealed bradycardia and irregular pulse. Electrocardiography showed sinus rhythm with repetitively long episodes of sinus arrest over 3 seconds, indicating sick sinus syndrome. The dog eventually underwent a transvenous single chamber permanent pacemaker. She was followed up for a month after surgery without recurrent syncope and irregular heart rate.

Molecular Study Of The Prevalence Of Leptospira Spp. Serovar Hardjo In Blood Samples Of Iranian Cattle And Sheep, Faham Khamesipour, Abbas Doosti, Esmaeil Omrani

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Leptospira is an emerging global public health problem which involves both animals and human. The aim of this study was to appraise the presence of Leptospira DNA in blood samples from cattle and sheep via Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method in Chaharmahal VaBakhtiari and Isfahan provinces of Iran. One hundred and ninety five samples (92 blood samples of cattle and 103 blood samples of sheep) were collected randomly from clinical healthy animals. DNA was extracted from the blood samples and stored at -20°C before examination. PCR reaction was performed for detection of Leptospira DNA using specific primers for 16s rRNA …

Recurrent Rumen Tympany Caused By Trichobezoars In Buffaloes (Bubalus Bubalis): A Series Report, Ashraf M. Abu-Seida, Oday S. Al-Abbadi

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This series report was carried out for 3 years on 15 buffaloes suffering from recurrent rumen tympany associated with trichobezoars. Full case history, thorough clinical examination, ferroscopy, and vaginal and trans-rectal examination were carried out in all cases. The affected buffaloes were treated with rumenotomy. All cases were lactating buffaloes and had heavy hair coat. The age of affected buffaloes ranged between 5-10 years. Clinical signs included anorexia, depression, sharp decrease in milk yield, intermittent respiratory distress, recurrent rumen tympany and dehydration. Hematological and biochemical analyses revealed leukocytosis, hypokalemia and hypochloremia. Rumenotomy was curative in all cases and revealed trichobezoars …

Effects Of Effective Microorganisms On Growth Performances, Ammonia Reduction, Hematological Changes And Shedding Of Salmonella Enterica And Campylobacter Spp. In Broilers, Chackrit Nuengjamnong, Taradon Luangtongkum

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of effective microorganisms (EM) product on ammonia reduction, growth performances, Salmonella and Campylobacter reduction and hematological changes in broilers. Five hundred and ninety four day-old female Arbor Acres were divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates in each group. Group 1 was the control group, while groups 2 and 3 received EM product in forms of daily spraying at 1:50 EM solution/m2 on litter and in drinking water at 1:800 dilution, respectively. Ammonia concentrations were measured weekly, while blood samples were collected at 21 and 42 days of age for …