Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Impact Of Corn Oil Removal From Modified Distillers Grains Plus Solubles And Supplemental Corn Oil On Finishing Cattle Performance, Jordan E. Burhoop, Curtis J. Bittner, F. Henry Hilscher Hilscher, Matt K. Luebbe, Jim C. Macdonald, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A finishing study was conducted to evaluate removal of corn oil from modified distillers grains plus solubles (MDGS) and replacement of supplemental corn oil on finishing cattle performance. Four treatments were evaluated: a corn control diet, 40% de-oiled MDGS, 38% de-oiled MDGS plus 2% corn oil to equal the fat content of full fat MDGS, or 40% full fat MDGS. There was a significant improvement in ADG and F:G for cattle fed de-oiled MDGS plus oil compared to other treatments. Cattle fed full fat MDGS had numerically lower ADG and numerically poorer F:G (3.7%) compared with cattle fed MDGS plus …

Prevalence Of Cytauxzoon Felis (Protista: Apicomplexa) In Feral Cats In Russellville Arkansas, Cynthia H. Jacobs

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Abstract

Cytauxzoon felis (C. felis) is a protozoan hemoparasite of domestic and wild felids. Transmitted by ixodid ticks, the sylvatic reservoir for this organism in North America is the bobcat (Lynx rufus) in which the infection is apparently self-limiting. In domestic cats (Felis catus), C. felis causes a highly fatal disease with a distribution that covers much of the central, southcentral and southeastern U.S. and parallels that of the primary vector, the lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum). Interestingly, there appears to be an increased survival rate in domestic cats in the geographic …

Certain Behavioral Characteristics And Stress Responses Of Out-Of-Breedingewes And Rams During An Intensive Fattening Program, Hülya Yalçintan, Eli̇f Ergül Eki̇z, Bülent Eki̇z, Ömür Koçak, Deni̇z Aktaran Bala, Alper Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim was to investigate behaviors and stress responses of rams and ewes in an intensive fattening period. Out-of-breeding rams (Hemsin = 10, Karakul = 10) and ewes (Hemsin = 8, Karakul = 10) were used in the study. Sheep and rams belonging to each breed were placed into four different pens. Behavioral observations (individual, feeding, abnormal self-grooming behaviors) were performed 2 days a week for two groups a day for 1 h. Blood samples were collected at the beginning, at the 4th week, and at the end of the fattening period. Karakul ewes displayed significantly more feeding and rumination …

Endocrine And Hematobiochemical Profile Of Lambs Raised In A Semiaridregion With Different Growth Potentials During The Postweaning Period, Shiva Pratap Singh, Gopal Dass, Ramachandran Natesan, Yogender Kushwah, Nandini Sharma, Ashok Kumar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted for establishment of the relationship of blood variables with growth rate of postweaned lambs. Eight lambs each of fast growth (FG; 11.6 ± 0.5 kg live wt. at weaning) and slow growth (SG; 7.7 ± 0.5 kg live wt. at weaning) were monitored fortnightly for endocrine and hematobiochemical variables along with parasitic load and growth performance. Recording of body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) was performed monthly from birth to 180 days. Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) were significantly (P < 0.05) higher while thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in FG lambs compared to SG lambs. Blood cell counts, hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in FG lambs compared to SG lambs. Except for the birth wt., the BW and ADG of FG lambs were significantly (P < 0.05) higher at all time points. Liver enzymes (alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase) and triglyceride were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in SG lambs compared to FG lambs. These findings indicate a significant influence of growth rate on peripheral concentrations of endocrine and some hematobiochemical variables in lambs. These selected variables can be used for early identification and culling of slow-growing lambs for better economic return to lamb producers.

A Case Report Of Apatemon Gracilis (Szidat, 1928) Infectionin Domestic Geese In Mainland China, Dandan Liu, Zhennan Zhuo, Jianping Tao, Jinjun Xu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This is the first report of the diagnosis and treatment of Apatemon gracilis infection in domestic geese in mainland China confirmed at the molecular level. The mortality of geese reached 10% (150/1500). Necropsy examinations confirmed hemorrhagic inflammation of the small intestine and blood and catarrhal mucus in the enteric cavity. A large number of flukes were found in the first third of the small intestine, with one end buried in the intestinal mucosa, forming lesions at the absorption sites. The ITS-1 sequence of the parasites was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis confirmed that the isolated worms were …

Effect Of Ractopamine Hydrochloride On Growth Promotion In Guinea Pigs (Cavia Porcellus), Irene Citlalli Zuñiga Galindo, Jaime Alonso Navarro Hernandez, Shalaiko Christian Carlin Valderrabano, Julio Cesar Sanchez Lemus, Ivan Juarez Rodriguez, Dinorah Vargas Estrada

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Ractopamine hydrochloride (R) is commonly used in the livestock industry, mainly in pork and beef, to improve feed efficiency and productivity. In the present study, the use of R at different doses (20 ppm, 30 ppm, or 40 ppm) on growth performance and carcass characteristics of guinea pigs (male and female) was explored with a view to achieving greater use of this species for human consumption. Thirty-two clinically healthy guinea pigs at an average age of 5 weeks were used. The daily gain, feed over gain ratio, Kleiber ratio, carcass yield, and muscle thickness of the thigh in millimeters were …

Evaluation Of Red Meat Consumption In Terms Of Food Safety In Turkey, Yurdakul Saçli

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to investigate consumer preferences regarding consumption of red meat and to examine the knowledge levels of consumers about food safety and to establish the relationship between food safety and consumer preferences considering consumers? socioeconomic situation and purchasing and consuming behaviors related to red meat products. For this aim, interviews with 2690 households in 12 provincial centers in Turkey were conducted. Processed red meat consumption, ages, sex, education level, number of total people in the households, incomes, trust degrees in stages from production to consumption of red meat, and the effect of red meat purchase …

Immunogenicity Of Transmembrane Deleted-G Protein Of Bovine Ephemeral Fever Virus (Befv) Expressed In Insect Cells, Nattawadee Kanpipit, Challika Kaewborisuth, Teerapat Rungnirundorn, Nantawan Petcharat, Porntippa Lekcharoensuk

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) is a common febrile disease in cattle in tropical countries causing loss of milk production and reproductive performance. Recently, severe outbreaks have occurred in many countries in East Asia, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia, especially in the rainy season, while limited vaccines and diagnostic tools are available. Thus, the aim of this study was to produce a secreted, soluble form of BEFV G glycoprotein in insect cells for further applications. BEFV G gene expressing transmembrane-deleted G glycoprotein (G?TM) was constructed and cloned into the baculovirus vector. The recombinant G?TM protein was expressed in High5 insect …

The Influences Of Feeding Broilers On Graded Inclusion Of Sunflower Meal With Or Without Avizyme On Growth, Protein And Energy Efficiency, Carcass Traits, And Nutrient Digestibility, Mahmoud Alagwany, Adel Attia, Zenat Ibrahim, Mohamed Abd El-Hack1, Muhammed Arif, Mohamed Emam

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study aimed to investigate the substituting effect of sunflower meal (SFM) for soybean meal (SBM) with or without supplemental Avizyme on growth performance, protein and energy efficiency ratios, carcass traits, and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens. A 4 × 2 factorial design experiment was conducted with four levels of SFM replacing SBM (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%) and two levels of supplemented Avizyme (0 or 0.1 g/kg diet). Results revealed that increasing SFM substitution for SBM up to 50% was associated with an increase in body weight (P < 0.01). Daily weight gain was statistically (P < 0.01) enhanced with increasing SFM up to 50% through 22 to 42 and 7 to 42 days of age. Feed conversion ratio improved (P < 0.01) in groups given SFM at 25% and 50% compared to the control. No carcass values were affected by SFM inclusion or Avizyme. The inclusion of 25% or 50% SFM increased (P < 0.01) protein efficiency at periods of 7?21 and 22?42 days of age. Energy efficiency ratio improved (P < 0.01) due to SFM incorporation at levels of 25% or 50% in all periods. The interaction effect between SFM and Avizyme was not significant on a majority of studied parameters. The digestion coefficients of crude fiber, N-free extract, and organic matter increased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) with increased levels of SFM. In conclusion, the incorporation of SFM as a substitute for SBM in broiler diets improved the growth performance of broilers. The use of SFM up to 50% without Avizyme supplementation could be recommended in broiler diets from 7 to 42 days of age.

Ultrastructure Of The Tongue And Histochemical Featuresof The Lingual Salivary Glands In Buzzards, Emi̇ne Ümran Örsçeli̇k, Murat Erdem Gülti̇ken, Di̇nçer Yildiz, Durmuş Bolat

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The macroscopic characteristics of the tongues of 8 long-legged buzzards are described and scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the epithelial tissue of the tongue?s surface. Crossman?s modified triple staining method and hematoxylin and eosin dye were used to determine the locations and general histological features of the lingual salivary glands. The nature of the glandular secretions was examined by staining with PAS, AB pH 1.0, AB pH 2.5, and PAS-AB pH 1.0 and pH 2.5, and diastase enzyme digestion. PAS staining and weak, moderate, and strong methylation procedures as well as sialidase and hyaluronidase applications were performed. We …

Comparison Of Pre- And Postpartum Serum Leptin, Ghrelin, And Lipid Levels In Sheep, Ethem Mutlu Temi̇zel, Hüseyi̇n Ci̇han, Pinar Levent, Ahmet Saril, Yeşi̇m Özarda, Zeki̇ Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Serum leptin and ghrelin play important roles in energy metabolism and inducing appetite during pregnancy and lactation. We investigated the serum levels of leptin and ghrelin and their relationship with the duration of lactation and serum biochemical responses during the prepartum (last week before lambing) and postpartum periods in sheep. They were also evaluated between pregnant and nonpregnant (control ewes) ewes. For these purposes, pregnant (n = 15) and control Awassi ewes (n = 15) that were 2 years of age were used in this study. Blood samples were collected 1 week before the expected date of lambing (baseline) and …

The Pathology Of Tuberculosis Lesions In Allergic Skin Test (Ppd Tuberculin) Positive Cows And Detection Of Tuberculosis Agents With Pcr In Milk Samples, Çi̇ğdem Tuncay, Fati̇h Hati̇poğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine tuberculosis (Tb) agents in milk and the pathologic changes in the tissues and organs of 100 PPD Tb-positive cows that were intended for slaughter. Milk samples were taken before slaughtering and PCR analysis was conducted to detect the Tb agent. In postmortem examinations, the lungs, liver, mammary glands, spleen, kidneys, and heart were collected for macroscopic and histopathological examinations. Out of the 100 PPD positive cows, lesions of Tb were observed in 75 cows. In the microscopic examination, Tb was identified in the lungs (51 cases), liver (61 cases), and in both …

The Effect Of Caffeine On Neuron Number Of Rats Exposedto 900-Mhz Electromagnetic Field, Aydin Him, Nimet Burcu Deniz, Mehmet Emi̇n Önger

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Previous studies have shown that the electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted by cell phones decreased the number of neurons in some parts of the brain. It was also shown that caffeine protects the nerve cells. This study examines if caffeine has any effects on preventing neuron loss in rats exposed to EMF. Rats were exposed to a 900-MHz EMF for 60 min a day for 28 days. The rats that were exposed to EMF were fed 1 mg/L caffeinated water instead of tap water. The rats in the sham group were put inside the exposure chamber but were not exposed to …

Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2 Agonist Jwh-133 Deteriorates The Liver Toxicity Induced By Cypermethrin*, Hi̇dayet Tutun, Emi̇ne Baydan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) has a role in the pathology of some liver diseases. Cypermethrin (CYP) is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide used commonly for the control of pests and vectors, and for protection of foodstuffs. In this study, the involvement of CB2 in CYP-induced liver damage in rats was investigated. CYP was applied to rats orally at a dose of 125 mg/kg bw per day for 14 days. CB2 agonist JWH-133 was administered by intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 3 mg/kg bw per day for the last 4 days of CYP toxicity. JWH-133 deteriorated the liver damage induced by …

Molecular Determination Of Methicillin Resistance Meca And Virulence Coa Genes In Staphylococcus Aureus From Pyogenic Clinical Cases Of Companion Animals In India, Ritika Yadav, Amit Kumar, Vinod Singh, Jayshree Singh, Sharad Kumar Yadav

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Out of 100 pyogenic clinical cases of companion animals, 40 samples revealed Staphylococcus aureus confirmed by genomic amplification of 280-bp amplicons of the nuc gene. The presence of resistance and virulence determinants was confirmed for the genomic and plasmid mec, van, and coa genes. Out of 40 isolates of S. aureus, 23 isolates revealed amplification of 533-bp mecA genes on genomic DNA. These included 4, 14, and 5 isolates of cattle, buffalo, and dogs, respectively. On amplification for the coa gene, 19 isolates revealed amplicons of variable size and number on genomic DNA. The numbers of coa-positive isolates were 4, …

Molecular Characterization Of The Nematode Heterakis Gallinarum (Ascaridida: Heterakidae) Infecting Domestic Chickens (Gallus Gallus Domesticus) In Tunisia, Nabil Amor, Sarra Farjallah, Osama Badri Mohammed, Abdulaziz Alagaili, Lilia Bahri

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Heterakis gallinarum is one of the most recurrently diagnosed nematodes within the gastrointestinal tract of galliform birds. In the present study, we investigated the genetic diversity of 96 H. gallinarum collected from free-range chickens from different localities in Tunisia. We assessed phylogeny and genetic variability using the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene. Haplotype and nucleotide diversities indicate that H. gallinarum is a species with extremely low genetic diversity. Based on the networks and phylogenetic trees, there was strong support for the absence of significant geographical structuring among …

The Protective Effects Of Chrysin And Flunixin Meglumine Against Excess Copper In Male Rats, Pinar Tatli Seven, Burcu Gül Baykalir, İsmai̇l Seven, Tuba Parlak Ak, Neşe Başak Türkmen, Hakan Güllüoğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Thirty-six Sprague Dawley male rats were housed in individual cages and randomly divided into six groups: control, copper sulfate (Cu; 500 ppm body weight (BW)/day), flunixin meglumine (FM; 2.2 ppm BW/day), chrysin (chrysin; 50 ppm BW/day), copper sulfate + FM (Cu + FM; 500 ppm BW/day of copper sulfate and 2.2 ppm BW/day of FM), and copper sulfate + chrysin (Cu + Chrysin; 500 ppm BW/day of copper sulfate and 50 ppm BW/day of chrysin). Feed intake (FI) in the Cu + Chrysin group significantly increased in comparison with that of the Cu group (P < 0.01). Cu excess significantly increased malondialdehyde, indicating oxidative stress. Chrysin and FM administration significantly decreased malondialdehyde levels and increased the superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in the liver and kidney tissues (P < 0.001). Serum TNF-α levels were significantly lower in the Cu + FM and Cu + Chrysin groups in comparison to the Cu group (P < 0.001). It was seen that FM and chrysin treatments alleviated degeneration, necrosis, and apoptosis in the liver and kidney tissues of the Cu-treated rats. Chrysin appeared to ameliorate the adverse effects on FI and liver and kidney tissues by scavenging where the free radicals are located and increasing the activity of antioxidants.

Effects Of The Addition Of Essential Oils Cumimaldehyde, Eugenol, And Thymol On The In Vitro Gas Production And Digestibility Of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) Silage, Mustafa Salman, Habi̇p Muruz, Nurcan Çeti̇nkaya, Zehra Selçuk, İsmai̇l Kaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effects of the addition of three essential oils, mainly cuminaldehyde, eugenol, and thymol to alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) silage on gas production, digestibility, and metabolic energy. The essential oils were added at 0 ppm (controls) and 100 ppm (group 1), 200 ppm (group 2), and 300 ppm (group 3) with three replications. The cumulative amount of gas resulting from the addition of the three essential oils at the 96th h of incubation was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The cumulative amount of gas production at the 96th h of incubation with thymol ranged from 184.63 mL/g to 217.38 mL/g. In conclusion, this study showed that the addition of different amounts of cuminaldehyde, eugenol, and thymol to alfalfa silage reduced the amount of in vitro gas production. Therefore, these treatments can potentially reduce environmental pollution from ruminal digestion. However, the use of increasing levels of essential oils reduced the amounts of digestible organic matter and metabolic energy. Additional studies are necessary to reveal the effects of these essential oils on in vivo ruminal fermentation by measuring changes in feed consumption and productivity.

Assessment Of Tumor-Induced Pain And C-Reactive Protein Levels In Dogs With Caninetransmissible Venereal Tumors, Waqas Ahmad, Muti-Ur- Rehman, Aftab Ahmad Anjum, Gulbeena Saleem, Ubaid Ur Rehman Zia, Muhammad Azeem, Fahad Akram

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of tumor volume on generalized behavior, pain perception, and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) in dogs with canine transmissible venereal tumors (CTVTs). Pain scoring was performed using the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale Short-Form. Cytomorphology of the tumors was studied through fine-needle aspiration and histopathology. Molecular identification of CTVTs was carried out using PCR assays based on LINE-1/c-myc. Hematological profiles including complete blood count and CRP were analyzed using an automatic hematology analyzer and immunoturbidimetric assays, respectively. Chi-square and regression analysis statistics were used for data analysis. Results of the study …

The Effects Of Three Different Prokinetic Drugs On The Motility Hormones Level In Lambs With Postoperative Ileus, Semi̇h Altan, Kaan Dönmez, Feray Altan, Fahretti̇n Alkan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the three different prokinetic agents, namely erythromycin, lidocaine, and metoclopramide in lambs with postoperative ileus (POI) using motilin and ghrelin, which are known as motility markers. Twenty lambs were allocated to 4 groups of 5 lambs each. An enterotomy was performed on the ileum of each lamb. Erythromycin (8.8 mg/kg), metoclopramide (0.2 mg/kg), and saline (2 mL) were administered as single dose IM before surgery in the ERT, MET, and CNTR groups, respectively. Lidocaine was administered to the LID group, both as a bolus before (1.3 mg/kg IV) and …