Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Evaluation Of Revalor-Xh For Beef Heifers Fed Different Days On Feed, Robert G. Bondurant, Marshall N. Streeter, Galen E. Erickson Erickson, James C. Macdonald, Matt K. Luebbe

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Heifers were treated with either no implant, an initial implant of Revalor-200 and re-implanted with Revalor-200, or Revalor-XH and assigned to one of four serial slaughter harvests at 151, 165, 179, and 193 days on feed to determine the effects on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. Implanting heifers increased final BW, ADG and HCW while decreasing marbling score and improving feed efficiency compared to non-implanted heifers. Increasing days on feed decreased ADG while increasing feed efficiency, HCW, fat thickness, marbling score, and calculated yield grade. By increasing HCW sold, implanting revenue can be maximized, assuming added risk for YG discounts.

Effect Of Supplementation During The Breeding Season On A May-Calving Herd In The Nebraska Sandhills, Alicia C. Lansford, Jacki A. Musgrave, Richard N. Funston Funston

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Females in their first and second breeding season received either a 32% crude protein (DM) supplement or no supplement throughout the breeding season. Supplementation did not affect heifer BW, BCS, and pregnancy rate at pregnancy diagnosis. Supplementation impacted primiparous cow BW and BCS at pregnancy diagnosis, but did not affect pregnancy rates. Calf birth weight and dystocia rates were unaffected by supplementation for both heifers and primiparous cow. Calves nursing supplemented dams were heavier at weaning. Greater supplementation may be needed to affect pregnancy rate.

Impact Of Pre-And Postpartum Nutrition On March-Calving Cow And Progeny Productivity, Jacki A. Musgrave, Devin L. Broadhead, L. A. Stalker Stalker, Richard N. Funston

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

March-calving cows were fed hay or grazed corn residue prepartum, and then either fed hay or grazed subirrigated meadow postpartum. Combinations of these different feeding strategies impacted body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS) during the pre-and postpartum period; however, resulted in similar pregnancy rates. Although differences were not observed in cow pregnancy rates, a benefit in pre-weaning growth was observed for calves from the dams in postpartum meadow treatment. A tendency for an improvement in marbling score was observed for steers born to cows fed hay prepartum, perhaps indicating a higher plane of nutrition prepartum may improve quality …

Uterine Prolapse In A Pregnant Cat, Zeynep Günay Uçmak, Meli̇h Uçmak, Ali̇ Can Çeti̇n, Çağatay Tek

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A 3-year-old, 2.5-kg British shorthair cat with dystocia and protrusion of a mass through the vulva was presented to the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, İstanbul University. Upon clinical examination, a complete uterine prolapse was diagnosed. Because of a blood blister and oedema in the uterine horns, ovariohysterectomy treatment was decided. During laparotomy, one foetus was detected in the cranial portion of the left uterine horn. After manual reduction and intraabdominal withdrawal of the prolapsed uterus, a caesarean section was performed to deliver the foetus. The last litter and the queen were discharged from the clinic in …

Universal Swine Influenza Antigen And Vaccine, Zhao Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Swine influenza A viruses pose a serious concern for global health and worldwide swine industry considering their evasion from vaccine-induced immune responses. Formulation of effective influenza vaccines can be complicated by both antigenic shift to a different subtype of hemagglutinin (HAs) and antigenic drift within a particular HA subtype. To address these concerns, we employed a systematic approach to determine the antigenic determinants of swine influenza A viruses by focusing on H1 and H3 subtypes. In parallel, we used a cross-disciplinary approach including structural biology and modeling, virology, and immunology to identify swine influenza A virus-derived HA fusion intermediates broadly …

Serological Evidence For The Co-Circulation Of Two Lineages Of Influenza D Virus In Equine Populations Of The Midwest United States, Hunter Theodore Nedland

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Influenza D virus (IDV) is a newly described lineage of the Orthomyxoviridae virus family that was first isolated from diseased swine in 2011 and has subsequently been detected in cattle around the world in 2014. In addition, serological evidence for IDV infection in humans has been recently established. Despite all the progress, the full range of susceptible hosts for this novel virus has yet to be determined, but includes swine, bovine, small ruminants and human. This study was designed to determine if equine is a possible host to this newly emerging influenza virus. 364 equine serum samples were collected in …

Effects Of Enzymatically Hydrolyzed Yeast Supplementation And Supplementation Frequency On Immune Parameters, Performance, And Digestibility Among Periparturient Beef Cows And Calves, Janine Swartz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Effects of enzymatically hydrolyzed yeast (EHY) and supplementation frequency (FREQ) on immune parameters among beef cows and calves was evaluated. Eighty multiparous (parity = 4.2 ± 0.3) cows were fed a common brome hay-based diet (CP = 8.0 ± 0.17%). Cows were blocked by expected calving date and stratified by body condition score (BCS) before random assignment of treatment. Beginning 88 ± 5 d prior to parturition, cows were provided 1 kg daily or 3 kg every 3 d of a soybean hull-based supplement (CP = 34.0, % of DM) that contained 0 or 3 g/kg EHY. The daily supplement …

The Effects Of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus And Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 On Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells, Jacob Sobraske

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) are important pathogens that affect cattle. In this in vitro study, the main goal was determining the direct effects of BVDV and BHV-1 infections of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) on cytokine mRNA expression. For the BVDV infected MDDC experiments, Holstein Friesian and Brown Swiss calves were included with a breed comparison with cytokine expression. Surface marker expression was also measured in BHV-1-infected MDDCs. For both viruses, a high virulent strain (1373 for BVDV and Cooper for BHV-1) and lower virulent strains (20508 for BVDV and Los Angeles for BHV-1) …

Efficacy Of Oral Administration Of Sodium Iodide To Prevent Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex, B. M. Shoemake, B. L. Vander Ley, B. W. Newcomer, M. C. Heller

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: The prevention of bovine respiratory disease complex (BRD) in beef cattle is important to maintaining health and productivity of calves in feeding operations.

Objective: Determine whether BRD bacterial and viral pathogens are susceptible to the lactoperoxidase/hydrogen peroxide/ iodide (LPO/H₂O₂/I^-) system in vitro and to determine whether the oral administration of sodium iodide (NaI) could achieve sufficient concentrations of iodine (I) in the respiratory secretions of weaned beef calves to inactivate these pathogens in vivo.

Animals: Sixteen weaned, apparently healthy, commercial beef calves from the University of Missouri, College of Veterinary Medicine teaching herd. …

Congenital Tuberculosis In A 25-Day-Old Female Calf, Maria Del Carmen Espejel Del Moral, Juan Carlos Del Rio, Alfredo Medrano, Marco Antonio Santillan, Jose Francisco Morales

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A female calf, housed in a dairy intensive-system farm, suddenly died 25 days after birth. Routine necropsy revealed multiple variably sized white to yellowish nodules in the lungs. Histopathological diagnosis showed severe granulomatous pneumonia with acid-fast bacilli; Mycobacterium bovis was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and culture isolation. Congenital tuberculosis was diagnosed based on these findings. The calf probably acquired the infection from her mother through aspiration of the amniotic fluid. The aim here is to describe the morphological lesions and complementary confirmation of congenital tuberculosis in a young female calf.

He Scenario Tree Epidemiological Model In Estimation Effects Of B. Melitensis Rev 1 Vaccination On Disease Prevalence, Sabina Seric Haracic, Nihad Fejzic, Ermin Saljic, Dzenita Hadzijunuzovic Alagic, Mo Salman

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

minant brucellosis. The stochastic scenario tree model was used to simulate vaccination and surveillance implementation during 8 years. Outputs were annual proportions of true positive, true negative, false positive, and false negative flocks. Vaccination coverage was described by the Pert distribution with average 70% and min and max 50% and 80%, respectively. Effects of risk factors (high prevalence-areas and transhumance) were considered. The model was separately simulated for three levels of initial average flock prevalence (2%, 5%, and 10%). In the following years, flock prevalence arising from the fitted distribution of the false negative flocks from the previous year increased …

Chemical And Fermentative Characteristics Of Agricultural Byproducts And Their Mixtures With Roughages Incubated With Rumen Fluid From Slaughtered Dromedaries, Maroua Lifa, Mohamed Laid Haddi, Franco Tagliapietra, Mirko Cattani, Matteo Guadagnin, Leonardo Sulas, Rosella Muresu, Stefano Schiavon, Lucia Bailoni, Andrea Squartini

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In pursuit of novel strategies aimed to promote animal production while exploiting agricultural residues, using the dromedary camel rumen fluid degradation capabilities combined with a gas production (GP) technique approach, we investigated the in vitro kinetic parameters and some physical and chemical characteristics of three agro-industrial byproducts (AIBP) and their mixtures with three roughages. Chemical composition, buffering capacity, apparent degradability, pH, and in vitro GP kinetic parameters were evaluated for citrus pulp, tomato peels, apple pomace, their mixtures (50:50 % DM basis) with milk thistle, crown daisy, and polyphyte hay. GP of AIBP ranged from 200 to 240 mL/g DM. …

The Effect Of Using Rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis) In Broiler Nutrition On Production Parameters, Slaughter Characteristics, And Gut Microbiological Population, Veselin Petricevic, Milos Lukic, Zdenka Skrbic, Simeon Rakonjac, Vladimir Doskoviç, Maja Petricevic, Aleksandar Stanojkovic

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the supplementation of different concentrations of rosemary in broiler diets from day 1 to 42 on growth performance, carcass quality, and cecal microbiological composition of chickens. The research was carried out with 1200 Ross 308 chickens, divided into 4 groups with 6 repetitions per group. The treatment groups were: control group (C) without rosemary, 0.2% rosemary group (0.2R), 0.4% rosemary group (0.4R), and 0.6% rosemary group (0.6R). Production parameters and the European Production Efficiency Factor (EPEF) were determined. At the end of the trial 12 chicks per group were …

The Unspoken Psychological Issues With Lesson Horses And How We Need To Address Them, Casey Clark

Murray State Theses and Dissertations

Every day all over the world horses provide much needed therapy and treatment to people in need. They provide physical, emotional, and mental training and healing. Humans depend on them for so much and we have a moral and ethical obligation to be good stewards of our equine companions. This close proximity can take a toll on horses physically and psychologically even in the realm of experienced equine professionals. So many times though it is the small lesson facility that sees hundreds of people each year and makes a profound difference in people’s lives. This can be at a 4-H …

Evaluation Of Berberine As An Alternative To Antibiotics In Nursery Pig Diets, Emily Scholtz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Pig weaning process results in reduced growth performance and gut health of weaned pigs. Antibiotics can be added in diets for weaned pigs to improve growth performance and gut health, but their use is being discouraged because they can lead to development of antimicrobial resistant microorganisms. Thus, there is need for alternatives to antibiotics in diets for weaned pigs. The overall goal of this thesis research was to determine the effects of plant extracts (berberine, quercetin, and allyl isothiocyante [AITC]) as alternatives to antibiotics in weaned pig diets. The first objective of the research was to determine in vitro antimicrobial …

Evaluation Of Biochemical Parameters And Oxidative Stress In Sheep Naturally Infected With Dicrocoelium Dendriticum And Hydatid Cysts, Mi̇yase Çinar, Meral Aydeni̇zöz, Sami̇ Gökpinar, Güzi̇n Çamkerten

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The purpose of the study was to investigate the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status as well as biochemical profile in sheep naturally infected with Dicrocoelium dendriticum and hydatid cysts. Ten sheep naturally infected with D. dendriticum, 10 sheep naturally infected with hydatid cysts, and 10 healthy sheep were used. The blood and visceral organs of sheep brought to a slaughterhouse in the region of Kırıkkale were checked for D. dendriticum and hydatid cysts. Plasma total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, Ca, Mg, inorganic P, Cu, Zn, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, ß-carotene, AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, erythrocyte MDA …

Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Atcc 17802 Inactivation By Using Methylcellulose Films Containing Encapsulated Bacteriophages, Seli̇n Kalkan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In the present study, it was aimed to inactivate Vibrio parahaemolyticus ATCC 17802, which is an important human pathogen, by making use of edible methylcellulose films containing encapsulated bacteriophages. For this purpose, the bacteriophages used as biocontrol agents specific for V. parahaemolyticus ATCC 17802 were isolated from raw bonito fishes (Sarda sarda) and then purified, and finally the stabilities of isolated bacteriophages were determined. The pure bacteriophage filtrates were encapsulated with sodium alginate by employing an extrusion method and the edible methylcellulose films were prepared. The bacteriophage stabilities of the prepared films were analyzed on the 0th, 4th, 7th, and …

Nonsurgical Treatment Involving A Contact Lens And Hyperosmotic Solution For Acute Bullous Keratopathy In A Cat, Sukjong Yoo, Saejong Yoo, Hwi Yool Kim

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A 4-year-old castrated male Korean domestic shorthair cat was referred with bilateral corneal edema. Focal and generalized acute bullous keratopathy in the oculus dexter and oculus sinister, respectively, were diagnosed by ophthalmologic examinations. Intensive topical treatment was administered to both eyes. A therapeutic soft contact lens was inserted in the oculus sinister as a corneal bandage instead of surgical treatment. The patient achieved complete recovery at 44 days after treatment. A therapeutic soft contact lens and an intensive regimen involving a topical hyperosmotic solution successfully treated acute bullous keratopathy in a feline patient.

Immunohistochemical Expression Of Secretory Proteins In Pneumonic Rat Lungs, Enver Beytut

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study evaluated the expression of secretory proteins involving surfactant proteins (SP-A, SP-B, proSP-C), Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP), and thyroid transcription factor-I (TTF-I), together with lambda light chain IgG (λ-IgG), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and lymphocytic phenotypes (T and B cells) in the pneumonic rat lungs. The most prominent gross lesion was severe pulmonary abscession. The lungs showed severe parenchymal destruction and necrosis encapsulated by fibrous tissue. Immunostaining for SPs displayed evident hyperplasia of type II pneumocytes. Immunoreaction to SP-A and SP-B occurred strongly on the luminal surface of type II cells, and to proSP-C in the …

Determining Some Of The Quality Characteristics Of Probiotic Yogurts Manufactured By Using Microencapsulated Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Var. Boulardii, Seli̇n Kalkan, Derya Öztürk, Büşra Sevgi̇ Seli̇moğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Probiotics can be defined as living microorganisms that positively contribute to human health by regulating the intestinal flora of a host and stimulating the immune system. As stated in many studies carried out in recent years, probiotic microorganisms are known to be very useful for human health. Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii is the only probiotic yeast that has been patented. In this study, it was aimed to determine the physical, rheological, chemical, and microbiological quality parameters of probiotic yogurts manufactured using this yeast microencapsulated via extrusion method during storage. Black cherry jam was used in order to enrich the sensory …