Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene Commons^™

Archaea Des Bioaérosols De Fermes Laitières, Des Poulaillers Et Des Usines D’Épuration Des Eaux Usées : Leur Rôle Dans L’Inflammation Pulmonaire, Pascale Blais Lecours, Marc Veillette, David Marsolais, Yvon Cormier, Shelley Kirychuk, Caroline Duchaine

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Les bioaérosols, c’est-à-dire des aérosols composés de particules solides ou liquides de 0,002 µm à 100 µm transportant des microorganismes vivants ou des molécules dérivées d’organismes vivants, se trouvent en fortes concentrations dans plusieurs milieux de travail. Beaucoup de maladies respiratoires professionnelles y sont associées, mais leur étiologie n’est souvent pas connue. La composition exacte des bioaérosols responsables de ces maladies respiratoires doit être clairement définie afin de bien comprendre ce à quoi sont exposés les travailleurs.

Nous avions récemment documenté des microorganismes insoupçonnés dans l’air des porcheries, les archaea. Dans la présente étude, afin de définir l’exposition des travailleurs …

Risques Associés Aux Préparations Bactériennes Et Enzymatiques Pour Le Dégraissage Et Le Nettoyage, Denis Bégin, Michel Gérin, Jacques Lavoie

Rapports de recherche scientifique

En remplacement des dégraissants et nettoyants traditionnels, qu’ils soient à base de solvants ou de tensioactifs, on retrouve actuellement sur le marché des préparations à base de bactéries et d’enzymes pour le nettoyage de surfaces en milieux industriel et institutionnel. Des préparations enzymatiques sont également utilisées en milieu de soins pour le nettoyage d’instruments chirurgicaux et diagnostiques. Mises à part les fiches de données de sécurité et les fiches techniques fournies par les fabricants, les hygiénistes et les médecins du travail et de l’environnement, ainsi que les autres spécialistes du domaine de la santé et de la sécurité du travail …

Effects Of Workplace Incivility On Nurses' Emotions, Well-Being, And Behaviors: A Longitudinal Study, Zhiqing Zhou

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation used an experience sampling design to examine effects of experienced workplace incivility from three categories of organizational insiders (coworkers, supervisors, and physicians) and from organizational outsiders (patients and their visitors) on targets' emotions, burnout, physical symptoms, and their own uncivil behaviors toward each of the four groups of people. Data were collected from 75 nurses with each nurse responding to online surveys twice per week for 5 consecutive weeks. Results from hierarchical linear modeling showed that within individuals, negative emotions were positively associated with experienced workplace incivility (overall and source-specific), burnout was positively associated with overall workplace incivility …

Efficacy Of Cleaning Method For Removal Of Exogenous Welding Fume Contamination From Nail Tissue Prior To Use As A Biomarker For Welding Fume Manganese Exposure, Jeffrey Corral Bainter

Open Access Theses

Nail tissue has been proposed as a biomarker for body burden of occupational exposure to manganese from welding fumes. Though recent studies have shown correlation between manganese exposure and both nail tissue concentration as well as concentrations in dopaminergic regions of the brain, concerns of the validity of nail tissue as a biomarker have arisen due to the potential for exogenous contamination of Mn to undermine the quantization of endogenous Mn in nail. Previous studies have used a cleaning method of 1% Triton X-100 surfactant plus sonication in order to attempt to remove exogenous welding fume contamination. Determination of the …

Cinématique Et Modélisation Biomécanique De L’Épaule Lors De Tâches De Manutention, Landry Desmoulins, Benjamin Michaud, Paul Allard, André Plamondon, Mickaël Begon

Rapports de recherche scientifique

De récentes revues de la littérature épidémiologique montrent que travailler avec les bras en position levée augmente la probabilité de développer des troubles musculosquelettiques (TMS) aux épaules. Bien que l’origine et les mécanismes de TMS à l’épaule manquent d’évidence dans la littérature scientifique, réaliser une tâche avec les bras en position levée cause un chargement de la musculature de l’épaule plus important. Cependant, peu d’éléments permettent d’expliquer les raisons pour lesquelles cette posture avec les bras élevés est gênante, et comment celle-ci affecte le membre supérieur en mouvement. La modélisation musculosquelettique du corps humain est aujourd’hui un moyen efficace et …

Can The Usa National Weather Service Heat Index Substitute For Wet Bulb Globe Temperature For Heat Stress Exposure Assessment?, Ivory Iheanacho

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Heat stress occurs when the body cannot adequately cool itself due to the combined contributions of metabolic heat, environmental factors and clothing. Heat stress found in the workplace puts employees at risk of developing heat-related illnesses, disorders and could be fatal. The wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) index is the current method used to assess environmental contributions to heat stress in an occupational setting. The purpose of this thesis was to explore whether the National Weather Service's Heat Index (HI) could substitute for the WBGT Index during occupational heat stress exposure assessment. The possibility of using the HI for heat …

Characterization Of Waste Anesthetic Gas Exposures To Veterinary Workers In The Tampa Bay Area, Kyle Vogel

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Veterinarians routinely conduct surgical operations on animals while veterinary technicians administer anesthetic gas to sedate the animal prior to an operation. One commonly used anesthetic agent in veterinary clinics is isoflurane. Veterinary workers have the potential to be exposed to this gas during surgical operations. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) does not have a specific Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for isoflurane, however The National Institutes for Health (NIH) does advise that workers should not be exposed to isoflurane in concentrations exceeding 2 parts per million (ppm) for an 8 hour Time Weighted Average (TWA).

Animal clinics vary in …

Possible Pro-Carcinogenic Association Of Endotoxin On Lung Cancer Among Shanghai Women Textile Workers, H. Checkoway, J. I. Lundin, S. Costello, R. Ray, W. Li, E. A. Eisen, G. Astrakianakis, N. Seixas, Katie M. Applebaum, D. L. Gao, D. B. Thomas

Environmental and Occupational Health Faculty Publications

Background:

Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) is a widespread contaminant in many environmental settings. Since the 1970s, there has been generally consistent evidence indicating reduced risks for lung cancer associated with occupational endotoxin exposure.

Methods:

We updated a case–cohort study nested within a cohort of 267 400 female textile workers in Shanghai, China. We compared exposure histories of 1456 incident lung cancers cases diagnosed during 1989–2006 with those of a reference subcohort of 3022 workers who were free of lung cancer at the end of follow-up. We applied Cox proportional hazards modelling to estimate exposure–response trends, adjusted for age and smoking, for cumulative …

Manage At Work: A Randomized, Controlled Trial Of A Self-Management Group Intervention To Overcome Workplace Challenges Associated With Chronic Physical Health Conditions, William S. Shaw, Elyssa Besen, Glenn Pransky, Cécile R. L. Boot, Michael K. Nicholas, Robert K. Mclellan, Torill H. Tveito

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background: The percentage of older and chronically ill workers is increasing rapidly in the US and in many other countries, but few interventions are available to help employees overcome the workplace challenges of chronic pain and other physical health conditions. While most workers are eligible for job accommodation and disability compensation benefits, other workplace strategies might improve individual-level coping and problem solving to prevent work disability. In this study, we hypothesize that an employer-sponsored group intervention program employing self-management principles may improve worker engagement and reduce functional limitation associated with chronic disorders.

Methods: In a randomized controlled trial (RCT), workers …

Construction Flagger Struck And Killed In Two-Lane Highway Work Zone, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Construction

On a clear, cold, Monday, January 20, 2014, a 36-year-old married flagger entered a two-lane highway with his back toward oncoming traffic and was struck by a 2010 red Toyota Corolla, driven by a 53 year-old motorist. The seven-man crew had finished setting up a construction zone on a two-lane highway to repair damaged guardrails along the westbound side of the roadway. The crew had placed alert signs in each direction of travel in preparation to stop all traffic prior to completely closing the westbound lane and had just dropped off the victim, who was designated as the flagger for …

Tanker Truck Involved In Deadly Crash On Interstate, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Motor Vehicle

February 17, 2014, on a cloudy Monday, around 4:40 p.m., a 40 year-old male tanker truck driver (victim) was driving down a straight level 3-lane interstate headed north bound to a neighboring state going approximately 70 m.p.h., to deliver his 45,000 lbs. of liquid sodium sulfate when he came upon a slow moving vehicle in the right lane, the victim swerved to the left to avoid the vehicle and his 2001 Kenworth tractor trailer left the road. The victim then overcorrected and his semi flipped landing on its top in the right side of the roadway in a grassy area …

Secteur Éolien : Risques En Santé Et En Sécurité Au Travail Et Stratégies De Prévention, Jean-Louis Chaumel, Laurent Giraud, Adrian Ilinca

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Malgré une très forte croissance de l'implantation d'éoliennes à travers le monde et notamment au Québec, les statistiques d'accidents de travail, même au niveau international, demeurent fragmentaires et illustrent mal la situation en matière de santé et de sécurité au travail dans ce secteur. Cette étude visait à mieux comprendre les risques et les pratiques en santé et en sécurité du travail, alors que des centaines d’éoliennes de grande puissance s’ajoutent chaque année au Québec. Il s’agissait donc d’effectuer un état des lieux de l'industrie éolienne.

La démarche utilisée dans cette étude utilise plusieurs voies, autres que la seule analyse …

Multidrug-Resistant And Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (Mrsa) In Hog Slaughter And Processing Plant Workers And Their Community In North Carolina (Usa), Ricardo Castillo Neyra, Jose A. Frisancho, Jessica L. Rinsky, Carol Resnick, Karen C. Carroll, Ana M. Rule, Tracy Ross, Yaqi You, Lance B. Price, Ellen K. Silbergeld

Environmental and Occupational Health Faculty Publications

Background: Use of antimicrobials in industrial food-animal production is associated with the presence of antimicrobial resistant Staphylococcus aureus among animals and humans. Hog slaughter/processing plants process large numbers of animals from industrial animal operations, and are environments conducive to the exchange of bacteria between animals and workers.

Objectives: To compare the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and multidrug resistant S. aureus(MDRSA) carriage between processing plant workers, their household members, and community residents.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of hog slaughter/processing plant workers, their household members, and community residents in North Carolina. Participants responded to a questionnaire and …

Biomechanical And Ergonomic Impacts Of Handling In Obese Workers, Philippe Corbeil, André Plamondon, Normand Teasdale, Grant Handrigan, Jasmin Ten Have, Nancy Manzerolle

Rapports de recherche scientifique

L’obésité est un problème émergent qui a des répercussions en santé et en sécurité du travail (SST). La prévalence de blessures musculo-squelettiques chez les individus obèses et les coûts indirects (non médicaux) sont plus élevés que ceux des travailleurs ayant un poids santé. Sachant qu’une hausse soutenue du taux d’obésité chez les travailleurs est observée au Canada, il est important de s’intéresser à la problématique de l’obésité liée au travail. Les risques de blessures au dos survenues au travail sont très élevés et la profession la plus touchée est celle de manutentionnaire. On connait peu l’effet de l’obésité sur les …

"Nursing Contamination: Wearing Scrubs In Public", Kemble Green

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Nurses are frequently seen in public in their “scrubs,” which could mean that contaminated clothing is being brought into the community, thereby posing an infection risk. The purpose of this study is to investigate if and which contaminants are present on the fabrics and the actions nurses are taking to eliminate contamination risks.

Eleven scrub tops were worn on hospital units over one twelve-hour shift. The contaminated scrubs and three control tops were then swabbed and used to inoculate agar plates. After incubation, colonies were counted, streaked onto nutrient and Mannitol-salt agar for isolation, and incubated. Using API Staph strips …

Development Of A Molecular Method For Detecting The Causative Agent Of Swimmer's Itch (Trichobilharzia) In Freshwater Ecosystems, Heidi Mcmaster

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Cercarial dermatitis, commonly known as swimmer's itch, is caused by penetration of larvae of the schistosome,Trichobilharzia, into the dermis and epidermis layers of the skin. Symptoms are characterized by painful swelling and itching at the site of penetration. The normal hosts for the life cycle of the schistosome are aquatic birds and aquatic snails. The most frequently used method of detection forTrichobilharziais microscopy. With increases in the occurrence of cercarial dermatitis outbreaks in freshwater in the Southwestern United States, it is becoming increasingly important to develop and standardize a molecular method for rapid detection that can assist health professionals and …

The Relationship Of Body Mass Index On Primary Care Physician Practice Behaviors With Their Overweight And Obese Patients, Kevin A. Vrablik Md, Mph, Facoem, Judith Green-Mckenzie Md, Mph, Facoem, Steven W. Godin Phd, Mph, Phi Certificate

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Hispanic Laborer Killed When Struck By Falling Plywood On A Commercial Construction Site, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Construction

On a clear windy Wednesday, around 11:50 a.m., a 24 year-old Hispanic laborer was helping his brother-in-law load trusses on the ground, when a gust of wind ripped an 8 foot by 4 foot sheet of plywood from another Hispanic laborer’s hands as he was handing the plywood to a co-worker 60 feet above on a commercial construction site roof. The co-worker on the roof tried to grab the sliding plywood by jumping onto it, but could not stop it. The co-worker’s life line prevented him from falling over the edge of the roof. As the plywood reached the edge …

Modélisation Par Simulation Numérique De La Ventilation Des Silos-Tours En Tenant Compte De La Chute, Ali Bahloul, Fernando Villalpando, Mauricio Chavez, Marcelo Reggio, Nicole Goyer

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Les silos à fourrage sont des espaces clos où surviennent des accidents graves et mortels. Certains de ces accidents sont liés à une atmosphère déficiente en oxygène (O₂) en raison de la présence de gaz carbonique (CO₂), ou encore à celle de gaz toxiques, dont le dioxyde d’azote (NO2). Ces gaz sont produits lors du processus de fermentation des fourrages.

À la demande de la Commission de la santé et de la sécurité du travail (CSST) et de l’Union des producteurs agricoles (UPA), une étude sur la documentation des gaz toxiques lors de la fermentation du …

Outils Vibrants : Paramètres Biomécaniques Et Sensorimoteurs Affectant La Réponse Biodynamique Du Système Main-Bras, Denis Marchand, Pierre Marcotte, Christian Larivière, Christian Kelly, Vincent Mandeville-Gauthier

Rapports de recherche scientifique

L’exposition aux vibrations est une préoccupation importante au regard de la prévention des troubles musculo-squelettiques aux membres supérieurs. Les vibrations main-bras sont spécifiquement reconnues pour être la cause du syndrome des vibrations, une maladie atteignant les doigts et la main en matière vasculaire, musculo-squelettique et neurosensoriel. De longues durées et de fortes intensités de vibration peuvent accélérer l’apparition des symptômes.

Cette étude, qui comporte deux volets, a servi à explorer différentes variables pouvant influencer la transmission de la vibration aux membres supérieurs tout comme la sollicitation musculaire. Douze participants regroupés selon deux somatotypes (six ectomorphes et six mésomorphes) ont participé …