Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene Commons^™

Conditions D’Intégration Des Nouveaux Travailleurs Dans Le Secteur Minier : Une Étude Exploratoire, Sylvie Ouellet, Élise Ledoux, Esther Cloutier, Pierre-Sébastien Fournier

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Cette étude de cas, menée dans deux entreprises minières, a permis de confirmer les défis de recrutement et d’intégration des nouveaux travailleurs que doivent relever les entreprises : l’une d’elles a dû renouveler 72 % de sa main-d’œuvre entre 2003 et 2008. Des mesures (rencontres d’information, formation sur les aspects de sécurité et compagnonnage) ont été mises en place pour accueillir et intégrer ces travailleurs. Or, la transmission des savoirs de métier repose essentiellement sur les bonnes intentions et les habiletés de communication des travailleurs expérimentés, ainsi que sur les conditions de formation ou de travail. Certaines de ces conditions …

Workers Killed While Collecting Solid Waste, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Kentucky Haz Alerts--Motor Vehicle

To prevent solid waste collection injuries:

• An applicable worker safety program should be established
• Before the solid waste truck is moved, visible hand signal communication between the driver and tipper should be established
• A standard operating procedure (SOP) should be established for stacking dumpsters as a result of a job hazard analysis
• A drug testing program should be incorporated in a worker safety program
• Pre-trip and post-trip vehicle inspections should be performed
• An ANSI ISEA 107-1999 safety vest should be worn at all times when on duty
• Do not ride on the steps if the truck is going faster than …

The Effect Of Handle Characteristics Of A Hammer Stapler On Biomechanical And Physiological Response, Wayne Latta

Theses

Frequent and prolonged use of an improperly designed hand tool not only affects productivity but may also cause painful symptoms which, if left untreated, can develop into chronic musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study was undertaken to assess the effects of ergonomic guidelines related to grip characteristics of a hammer stapler. Specifically, surface composition, shape, and angle of grip were investigated. Three commercially available hammer staplers were selected for this study. Tool #1 had a basic grip design, Tool #2 had a somewhat improved grip design, and Tool #3 incorporated most of the ergonomic design guidelines in terms of grip surface, …

Effectiveness Of Safety Training, Mayeanna Kamara

Theses

The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the effectiveness of safety training modalities which are specifically designed for the non unionized workers in the construction industry. The main hypothesis is to determine whether multimodal and extended training improves the effectiveness of the learning aspects and safety consciousness among the trainees. The study conducted a literature survey on the factors that affects safety outcomes in construction industry, especially for the non unionized workers. The study developed a survey instrument to evaluate effectiveness of safety training. This study intended to prove that a video training is not enough and that hands …

Semi Team Driver Dies After Being Ejected From Sleeper Berth, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Motor Vehicle

In the fall of 2009, a husband-wife semi driver team traveled south on a four-lane interstate. They were driving a semi-tractor trailer loaded with air freight. It was nighttime; the husband was driving, and the wife was in the sleeper berth. There was an unoccupied car parked on the right shoulder. The husband crossed the fog line on the right, sideswiped the car, traveled through a guardrail, and down an embankment toward a road below the interstate. During the trajectory of the semi-tractor trailer, the unit jackknifed; the trailer detached from the semi then struck the semi, and both the …

Gestion Des Changements Technologiques Et Organisationnels Et Représentations Sociales : Impact Sur La Sst, Camille Legendre

Rapports de recherche scientifique

No abstract provided.

Knowledge Transfer In Public School Food Service: Post-Implementation Of The Process Approach To Haccp Food Safety System, Lydia Rebecca Frass

Dissertations

Based on Havelock's (Havelock & University of Michigan. Center for Research on Utilization of Scientific Knowledge, 1969) Knowledge Transfer Model and using Kirkpatrick's Training Evaluation Model (1996a, 1996b) levels of Reaction, Behavior, and Learning, this study analyzed knowledge transfer between public school district managers, cafeteria managers, and line workers. These employees were trained through cascade training methods during the federally mandated implementation of the Process Approach to HACCP food safety system beginning in the 2005-2006 school year.

Measuring Behavior, an Observation Checklist (based on HACCP's 7 steps and 10 FDA food borne illness risk factors and interventions) was used to …

Les Risques De Troubles Musculo-Squelettiques Aux Membres Supérieurs Dans Le Secteur Des Services À L’Automobile : Étude Exploratoire, Denis Marchand, Denis Giguère

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Les troubles musculosquelettiques aux membres supérieurs (TMS-MS) comptaient en moyenne au Québec, entre 1998 et 2002, pour 8,7 % de l’ensemble des lésions compensées du secteur des Services à l’automobile, mais représentaient 14,9 % des jours d’arrêt de travail et 13,8 % des déboursés totaux de compensation. Une analyse de l’activité de travail réalisée sur quatre postes au Québec et dans cinq garages aux États-Unis, ainsi qu’une étude sur les postures dans 42 garages en Europe, faisait état de la présence de plusieurs des facteurs de risque associés à ce type de lésion, dont la répétition des gestes, le travail …

Particulate Characterization And Control Evaluation For Carbon Fiber Composite Aircraft Crash Recovery Operations, Matthew R. Ferreri

Theses and Dissertations

Within the United States Air Force (USAF) Advanced Composite Material (ACM) is gaining an increasing use in military aircraft. With the number of aircraft that have increasingly large amounts of ACM materials, the probability of an incident with one of these aircraft also increases. When such an incident occurs the aircraft needs to be disassembled, removed, and later inspected as part of the accident investigation process. This disassembly process is termed “Crash Recovery Operations.” Carbon fibers have been shown to be hazardous to human health and a pilot study raised the suspicion that nanosized aerosol may be generated during the …

High Volume Air Sampling For Viral Aerosols: A Comparative Approach, Casey W. Cooper

Theses and Dissertations

The United States Air Force has high volume biological air sampling equipment available including the XMX/2L-MIL and DFU-1000. Neither system has been evaluated for effectiveness in the collection of viruses. Furthermore, decontamination methods have not been evaluated for these systems after use in sampling for a viral agent. MS2 bacteriophage was used as a surrogate virus. Aerosolized MS2 was released into a 12 m3 exposure chamber. High and moderate airborne concentrations of MS2 were evaluated. Low volume impingers were used for comparative purposes as well. Samples were analyzed using plaque assay and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). At high viral loads …

Development Of A Novel Noise Delivery System For Jp-8 Ototoxicity Studies, John E. Stubbs

Theses and Dissertations

Numerous chemicals with ototoxic properties may cause hearing loss directly, potentiate noise-induced hearing loss, or produce additive effects. Of interest to the US Air Force are studies showing ototoxic effects of JP-8 jet fuel and its hydrocarbon constituents. The Naval Health Research Center (NHRC) at Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, in conjunction with the USAF, is studying the ototoxic effects of JP-8 in rats. The study requires a white noise source that is one octave band wide, centered at 8 kHz frequency, delivered from outside of exposure chambers. Sound pressure levels must be within ± 2 dB at all exposure points within …

Workers Killed While Working With Forklifts, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Kentucky Haz Alerts--Other

To prevent forklift injuries:

• Do not operate a forklift without being certified and trained.
• Forklift operators should wear their safety belts.
• Do not jump from an overturning forklift. Keep your body inside the forklift frame. Ride it out and lean in the opposite direction of the overturn.
• Do not place yourself between two forklifts.
• Do not handle loads that are heavier than the load capacity of the forklift.
• Make sure that the travel path of the forklift is clear from the floor to the height of the load being moved.
• Do not step on elevated loads.
• It is a violation …

Residential Tree Trimmers Killed While Working, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Kentucky Haz Alerts--Falls

To prevent tree trimmer injuries:

• Tree trimming or cutting should not be performed without appropriate safety training.
• Appropriate personal protective equipment should be worn at all times while removing trees.
• All trees and limbs should be inspected for structural weakness before work commences.
• Safe work procedures should be used for climbing, felling, topping, and pruning trees.
• A jobsite hazard assessment should be performed to identify hazards so that hazards can be controlled for.

Perencanaan Penanggulangan Keadaan Darurat Transportasi Darat Bahan Kimia Butadien Rute Bojonegara - Cengkareng Pada Pt X Indonesia, Nelvy Roza, Fatma Lestari

Kesmas

PT X Indonesia mentransport butadien dari terminal penimbunan di Bojonegara ke pengolahan di Cengkareng. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi potensi bahaya, memprediksi risiko, dan mengevaluasi prosedur penanggulangan keadaan darurat. Sampel diambil di salah satu rute perjalanan Bojonegara - Cengkareng. Data diperoleh dari observasi, wawancara, catatan, pelaporan dan prosedur penanggulangan keadaan darurat. Rencana penanggulangan keadaan darurat dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan membandingkan PT X Indonesia dengan standar Manitoba Industrial Accidents Council dan Advisory Committee on the Transport of Dangerous Goods - Prosedur penanggulangan keadaan darurat meliputi kebijakan perusahaan, analisa risiko, organisasi, sarana dan prasarana, tindakan penanggulangan serta pelatihan dan simulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan …

Arborist Dies After Fall From Tree, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Falls

A 30-year old arborist was hired by a private resident to remove trees from a yard. At approximately 5:00 PM, the arborist, along with a ground person, arrived at the residence. The arborist donned climbing spurs, and a tree climbing saddle then spoke briefly with the homeowner. With the climbing line and spurs, the arborist climbed the first tree. After trimming limbs from the tree trunk, the arborist began cutting the tree trunk one section at a time. There was a power line near the trees. The arborist was working at the fork of the tree and had cut a …

Team Semi Driver Dies After Rig Is Struck By Impaired Driver, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Motor Vehicle

During the early hours one fall morning, a husband and wife driving team were traveling west on a divided interstate highway. A concrete barrier separated the four east bound lanes from the four west bound lanes. The wife was driving while the husband was asleep in the sleeper berth. Driving conditions were dark and the pavement dry. They were traveling in the second lane from the median and there was a passenger car to the right of the semi in the third lane from the median traveling next to the front wheel well and bumper. The passenger car driver veered …

Étude Exploratoire Des Facteurs De La Charge De Travail Ayant Un Impact Sur La Santé Et La Sécurité : Étude De Cas Dans Le Secteur Des Services, Pierre-Sébastien Fournier, Sylvie Montreuil, Jean-Pierre Brun, Caroline Bilodeau, Julie Villa

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Click here for the English version of this report

Les nouvelles formes d’organisation du travail (innovations technologiques, nouvelles politiques de gestion des ressources humaines, formes innovantes d’organisation, etc.) pourraient avoir des conséquences négatives pour les individus (fatigue, stress chronique, troubles musculo-squelettiques…) et pour les établissements (absentéisme, roulement de personnel…). La documentation scientifique désigne la charge de travail comme dénominateur commun en l’occurrence, sauf que les évidences sur la conceptualisation de ce phénomène sont limitées et ne tiennent pas compte de sa complexité. Pour le définir et le caractériser, les chercheurs ont voulu déterminer les dimensions ainsi que la dynamique et …

Les Effets D'Un Entraînement Physique Pré-Saison Sur Le Travail Et La Sécurité Des Débroussailleurs : Étude De Faisabilité D'Une Approche De Mesure, Daniel Imbeau, Philippe-Antoine Dubé, Denise Dubeau, Luc Lebel

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Depuis quelques années, des intervenants du Bas-St-Laurent (BSL) ont développé et mis en application un Programme d'entraînement physique pour les travailleurs forestiers (PEPTF). Le PEPTF vise à améliorer leur condition physique avant le début de la saison de travail afin de leur faciliter le retour au travail et éventuellement de réduire les accidents du travail et les TMS. Des travaux récents montrent que les débroussailleurs sont soumis à une charge de travail physique considérée comme lourde (ex., selon le RSST) durant toute la saison des travaux qui dure approximativement 6 mois, soit de mai à octobre. Pour effectuer un tel …

Stratégies De Diagnostic De L'Exposition Des Travailleurs Aux Substances Chimiques, Daniel Drolet, Nicole Goyer, Brigitte Roberge, Jérôme Lavoué, Mathieu Coulombe, André Dufresne

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Toute intervention en hygiène du travail liée à une exposition à des substances chimiques vise à protéger, éventuellement s’il y a lieu, la santé et l’intégrité physique des travailleurs. Pour atteindre cet objectif, deux conditions préalables existent : (1) il est possible d’identifier, d’évaluer et de maîtriser les risques auxquels peuvent être exposés les travailleurs et ce, de façon efficace (protéger l’ensemble des travailleurs) et efficiente (avec le minimum de ressources) (2) un niveau acceptable pour la protection de la santé a été défini pour chacun des risques identifiés.

Traditionnellement, la stratégie d’évaluation du risque chimique repose sur la mesure …

Les Horaires Rotatifs Chez Les Policiers : Étude Des Approches Préventives Complémentaires De Réduction De La Fatigue, Diane B. Boivin, Geneviève M. Tremblay, Philippe Boudreau

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Dans les pays industrialisés, entre 15-30% des travailleurs opèrent en dehors des heures conventionnelles. Cette situation affecte environ 750 000 travailleurs québécois. La privation aiguë et chronique de sommeil, combinée à une perturbation de l’harmonie temporelle entre l’horloge biologique interne (appelée « oscillateur circadien ») et l’horaire de travail augmente significativement le risque d’accident en plus de réduire la productivité des travailleurs.

De plus, les travailleurs postés présentent un risque accru de développer plusieurs maladies chroniques telles que des maladies cardiovasculaires, un syndrome métabolique, des troubles digestifs, divers cancers et des maladies mentales. Il est donc urgent de développer des …