Effectiveness Of The Influenza Vaccine In Preventing Hospitalizations Of Patients With Influenza Community-Acquired Pneumonia, 2018 University of Louisville
Effectiveness Of The Influenza Vaccine In Preventing Hospitalizations Of Patients With Influenza Community-Acquired Pneumonia, Thomas Chandler, Stephen P. Furmanek, Connor L. English, Connor Glick, Wesley Trail, Lara Daniels, Ugochukwu Owolabi, Ruth Carrico, Julio A. Ramirez, Timothy L. Wiemken
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
Introduction: Influenza vaccination is the primary strategy for prevention of influenza infection. Influenza infection can vary from mild or even asymptomatic illness to severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Although many national and international investigators and organizations report annual estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness for prevention of influenza infection in the community, few studies report estimates for the prevention of hospitalizations due to influenza CAP, the most severe form of the infection. The objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine for prevention of hospitalization in patients with influenza-associated CAP.
Methods: This was a test-negative study using …
Research Support Infrastructure: Implementing A Clinical Research Coordinating Center, 2018 University of Louisville
Research Support Infrastructure: Implementing A Clinical Research Coordinating Center, Julio A. Ramirez, Paula Peyrani, William A. Mattingly, Forest W. Arnold, Timothy L. Wiemken, Robert R. Kelley, Leslie A. Wolf, Ruth M. Carrico, The Clinical Research Coordinating Center Team
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
Insufficient infrastructure is one of the challenges facing investigators in the field of clinical research. At the University of Louisville (UofL) Division of Infectious Diseases, we developed a multidisciplinary coordinating center with the aim to support investigators in all aspects of the clinical research process. The objective of this article is to describe the composition and the role of the different units of the UofL Clinical Research Coordinating Center. The different components of the Center can serve as a template for institutions interested in developing a clinical research support infrastructure.
Bacteremic Pneumococcal Pneumonia: A Longitudinal Study In 279 Adult Patients From A Single Center, 2018 Servicio de Infectología, Hospital Santamarina, Tandil, Argentina
Bacteremic Pneumococcal Pneumonia: A Longitudinal Study In 279 Adult Patients From A Single Center, Jorge H. Gentile, Claudia Hernandez, Monica D. Sparo, Edgardo M. Rodriguez, Carolina Ceriani, Florencia Bruggesser
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
Background: Bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia (BPP) is the most common clinical presentation of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Although it has been extensively studied, there is little knowledge in our region in relation to burden of disease, demographic and outcome features.
Methods: We conducted a prospective, longitudinal, observational study from 1989 to 2015 in adult patients with BPP, in order to deepen our knowledge of the characteristics of this disease in our community hospital in Tandil, Argentina.
Results: 279 patients were included. The mean incidence was 2.8/1000 admissions with a sharp decrease in the last two years, reaching 0.8/1000 admissions. Mean patient …
Clinical Research: From Idea To Publication, 2018 University of Louisville
Clinical Research: From Idea To Publication, Julio A. Ramirez
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
Julio A. Ramirez, M.D., FACP, Professor of Medicine/Associate Professor of Microbiology and Immunology; Chief, Division of Infectious Diseases; Director, Infectious Diseases Fellowship Training Program and Founding Director, Global Health Initiative at The University of Louisville, presented "Clinical Research: From Idea to Publication" at University of Louisville Department of Medicine Grand Rounds on February 15, 2018. The talk focused on performing an overview of clinical study designs, describing the planning and performing of a clinical study, reviewing the process for statistical and clinical analysis, and presenting the structure of a Clinical Research Coordinating Center.
Research Support Infrastructure: Implementing A Clinical Research Coordinating Center, 2018 University of Louisville
Research Support Infrastructure: Implementing A Clinical Research Coordinating Center, Julio A. Ramirez, Paula Peyrani, William A. Mattingly, Forest W. Arnold, Timothy L. Wiemken, Robert R. Kelley, Leslie A. Wolf, Ruth M. Carrico, Andrea Reyes-Vega
Faculty Scholarship
Insufficient infrastructure is one of the challenges facing investigators in the field of clinical research. At the University of Louisville (UofL) Division of Infectious Diseases, we developed a multidisciplinary coordinating center with the aim to support investigators in all aspects of the clinical research process. The objective of this article is to describe the composition and the role of the different units of the UofL Clinical Research Coordinating Center. The different components of the Center can serve as a template for institutions interested in developing a clinical research support infrastructure.
Does Occupational Exposure To Swine Increase The Risk Of Influenza? A Systematic Literature Review, 2018 George Washington University
Does Occupational Exposure To Swine Increase The Risk Of Influenza? A Systematic Literature Review, Courtney Youngbar, Lance Price
GW Research Days 2016 - 2020
Background Workers who have an occupational exposure to swine may have an increased risk of influenza infection.
Objective We conducted a systematic review regarding occupational exposure to swine and influenza infection in humans.
Methods We searched articles published within the past ten years at the time of writing, and included original studies that quantified exposures to swine and resulting influenza infections in swine farm workers, including veterinarians. We evaluated the risk of bias of individual studies and the overall quality and strength of the evidence according to the Navigation Guide systematic review methodology. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria. We …
Associations Between Nurse Experience, Clinical Specialty Setting, And Level Of Nursing Education With Adherence To Clinical Practice Guidelines For Inpatient Influenza And Pneumococcal Vaccination Administration, 2018 George Washington University
Associations Between Nurse Experience, Clinical Specialty Setting, And Level Of Nursing Education With Adherence To Clinical Practice Guidelines For Inpatient Influenza And Pneumococcal Vaccination Administration, Amy C. Alsante, Dnp, Ms, Rn, Ne-Bc, Chep
Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects
Background: This research project examines associations between years of nursing practice and compliance with clinical practice guidelines for inpatient influenza/pneumococcal vaccination administration. Previous research demonstrates novice nurses are at higher risk for errors of omission and face challenges with critical thinking.
Objectives: 1) Identify associations between years of practice and compliance with clinical practice guidelines for inpatient influenza/pneumococcal vaccination administration and 2) to identify associations among independent variables including levels of education, and specialty setting.
Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted to identify associations between years of practice and compliance with clinical practice guidelines for inpatient influenza/pneumococcal vaccination administration. …
Nutraceuticals: An Alternative Treatment For Influenza Virus, 2018 Brigham Young University
Nutraceuticals: An Alternative Treatment For Influenza Virus, Siale Teaupa
FHSS Mentored Research Conference
Influenza virus is a contagious respiratory pathogen that infects hundreds of thousands of people a year, making it a serious global health concern. The virus has a rapid mutation rate and has developed resistance to current antiviral agents, making it a difficult target for effective treatment. There is an increasing need to identify new treatments for Influenza. Recently, we have tested nutraceuticals as an effective alternative for blocking Influenza. We have tested Jamaican Sorrel, Black Currant Berries, and Manuka Honey paired with Bee Pollen for antiviral activity. We have demonstrated that these nutraceuticals block the 2009 Pandemic California Influenza strain …
Tanzania: Hiv/Aids, 2018 Augustana College, Rock Island Illinois
Tanzania: Hiv/Aids, Francis Faasen
Global Public Health
Tanzania has a lot of issues going on in the community, but HIV/AIDS is the number one issue they are facing. Over 5% of their population has the HIV/Aids virus. There are many interventions that have been tried in Tanzania. In the last year there have been over 50,000 new cases of HIV/Aids in Tanzania. The goal is to main those numbers go down dramatically in the coming years. The two most common interventions are trying to educate this subject at a young age and provide condoms to the population. They tried giving condoms out to the people of Tanzania …
When Is Affect Variability Bad For Health? The Association Between Affect Variability And Immune Response To The Influenza Vaccination, 2017 Chapman University
When Is Affect Variability Bad For Health? The Association Between Affect Variability And Immune Response To The Influenza Vaccination, Brooke N. Jenkins, John F. Hunter, Marie P. Cross, Amanda M. Acevedo, Sarah D. Pressman
Psychology Faculty Articles and Research
Objectives—This study addresses methodological and theoretical questions about the association between affect and physical health. Specifically, we examine the role of affect variability and its interaction with mean levels of affect to predict antibody (Ab) levels in response to an influenza vaccination.
Methods—Participants (N = 83) received the vaccination and completed daily diary measures of affect four times a day for 13 days. At one and four months post-vaccination, blood was collected from the participants to assess Ab levels.
Results—Findings indicate that affect variability and its interaction with mean levels of affect predict an individual’s immune response. …
Distributing Data And Analysis Software Containers For Better Data Sharing In Clinical Research, 2017 University of Louisville
Distributing Data And Analysis Software Containers For Better Data Sharing In Clinical Research, William A. Mattingly Phd, Stephen Furmanek, Christopher M. Sinclair, Timothy L. Wiemken Phd
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
Introduction: Data sharing in clinical research is critical for increasing knowledge discovery. Data and software tools should be FAIR: Findable, Accessible, Inter-operable and Re-usable. Many bottlenecks exist in the process of a clinical investigator using shared data including data acquisition and statistical analysis. The objective of this project is to develop a structure for sharing data and providing rapid automated statistical analysis through creation of a pre-packaged, open-source software container.
Methods: We use the open source software container technologies VirtualBox and Vagrant to create a template for sharing clinical data and analysis scripts as a single container. We use …
Streptococcus Pneumoniae Antigen, Missing Opportunities Of A Promising Point Of Care Diagnostic Test, 2017 St. Vincent Charity Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
Streptococcus Pneumoniae Antigen, Missing Opportunities Of A Promising Point Of Care Diagnostic Test, Magdelina Słomka, Ruby Gupta, Baltej Singh, Venkatesh Gondhi, Siddartha Bhandary, Ekezie Francis, Jose Bordon
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
Background: The etiologic diagnosis of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and community-acquired meningitis (CAM) are still far from optimal accuracy and turnaround time. The most common bacterial pathogen identified in both CAP and CAM is Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Methods: We reviewed the literature on S. pneumoniae antigen to highlight opportunities to optimize its use as a point of care diagnostic test to maximize quality of patient care, antimicrobial stewardship outcomes and cost saving. A PubMed search was performed using key words “S. pneumoniae antigen; rapid diagnostic tests for S. pneumoniae”. We selected articles in English and sorted into randomized …
Most Common Statistical Methodologies In Recent Clinical Studies Of Community-Acquired Pneumonia, 2017 Division of Infectious Diseases / University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
Most Common Statistical Methodologies In Recent Clinical Studies Of Community-Acquired Pneumonia, Stephen Furmanek, Connor L. English, Thomas Chandler, Timothy L. Wiemken Phd
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
Background: Training new individuals in pneumonia research is imperative to produce a new generation of clinical investigators with the expertise necessary to fill gaps in knowledge. Clinical investigators are often intimidated by their unfamiliarity with statistics. The objective of this study is to define the most common statistical methodologies in recent clinical studies of CAP to inform teaching approaches in the field.
Methods: Articles met inclusion criteria if they were clinical research with an emphasis on incidence, epidemiology, or patient outcomes, searchable via PubMed or Google Scholar, published within the timeframe of January 1st 2012 to August 1st 2017, …
Rationale And Methods Of The Study Protocol: Streptococcus Pneumoniae Serotypes In Adults 18 Years And Older With Radiographically-Confirmed Community-Acquired Pneumonia (Cap), Ronika Alexander, Paula Peyrani, Julio A. Ramirez, Wesley H. Self Md, Mph, Carlos Grijalva, Francis Counselman, Gregory A. Volturo, Heidi Kabler, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner, Richard Wunderink, Robert L. Sherwin, Senen Pena, Thomas File, Timothy L. Wiemken, Sharon Gray, Michael Pride, Kimbal D. Ford, Qin Jiang, Raul Isturiz
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
This study was an active, prospective surveillance study of adults 18 years and older hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) due to Streptococcus pneumoniae conducted at 21 hospitals in ten cities across the United States. This report describes the surveillance methodology applied between October 7, 2013 and September 30, 2016, including the identification and description of surveillance areas and populations at-risk for CAP hospitalization for estimation of incidence rates for selected study sites.
Pneumonia Pathogenesis And The Lung Microbiome: Back To The Drawing Board, 2017 University of Louisville
Pneumonia Pathogenesis And The Lung Microbiome: Back To The Drawing Board, Julio A. Ramirez
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
No abstract provided.
Level Of Recall Bias Regarding Pneumococcal Vaccination History Among Adults Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Results From The University Of Louisville Pneumonia Study, 2017 University of Louisville
Level Of Recall Bias Regarding Pneumococcal Vaccination History Among Adults Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Results From The University Of Louisville Pneumonia Study, Sarah Van Heiden, Ruth Carrico, Timothy L. Wiemken, Ronika Alexander, John M. Mclaughlin, Qin Jiang, Paula Peyrani, William A. Mattingly, Stephen P. Furmanek, Connor L. English, Senen Pena, Raul Isturiz, Julio A. Ramirez
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
Background: Recall bias is likely to occur in vaccine effectiveness studies using self-reported vaccination history. The validity of patient-reported vaccination status for adults is not well defined. The objective of this study was to evaluate the validity of self-reported pneumococcal vaccination history among patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
Methods: Prospective ancillary study of a population-based observational study of hospitalized patients with CAP in the city of Louisville. To be included in the analysis, patients had to (i) be reached by phone 30-days after discharge from the hospital and (ii) report that they remembered whether or not they received a …
Preliminary Evaluation Of An Lyta Pcr Assay For Detection Of Streptococcus Pneumoniae In Urine Specimens From Hospitalized Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia, 2017 University of Louisville
Preliminary Evaluation Of An Lyta Pcr Assay For Detection Of Streptococcus Pneumoniae In Urine Specimens From Hospitalized Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia, Subathra Marimuthu, James T. Summersgill, Kuldeep Ghosh, Leslie A Wolf
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) due to Streptococcus pneumoniae still occurs in at risk populations, despite the availability of effective vaccines. Laboratory confirmation of S. pneumoniae remains challenging in cases of CAP despite advances in blood culture techniques and the availability of nucleic acid amplification tests such as PCR-based methods. Urine specimens are an attractive sample type because they are non-invasive compared to bronchial washes or whole blood specimens for patients with CAP. While urine specimens have been used successfully in antigen detection assays, they have not been extensively evaluated for PCR-based assays. In this preliminary study, we evaluated the potential …
Antimicrobial Stewardship In Hospitalized Patients With Respiratory Infections: Ten-Year Experience From The Robley Rex Louisville Va Medical Center, 2017 University of Louisville
Antimicrobial Stewardship In Hospitalized Patients With Respiratory Infections: Ten-Year Experience From The Robley Rex Louisville Va Medical Center, Leslie A. Beavin, Forest W. Arnold, Paula Peyrani, Anupama Raghuram, David Newman, Ronald Smith, Carmen Sciortino, Stephen P. Furmanek, Ruth M. Carrico, Julio A. Ramirez
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
Rationale: Antibiotic stewardship has been defined as coordinated interventions designed to improve and measure the appropriate use of antibiotic agents. Respiratory infections are the most common infectious reason for hospitalization in the United States. Therefore, one could extrapolate that respiratory infections are then also the most common reason for hospital antibiotic use and possess the highest potential for hospital antibiotic misuse. The primary objective of this article was to evaluate the role of antimicrobial stewardship on improving antibiotic use for respiratory infections in hospitalized patients on intravenous (IV) antibiotics at the Robley Rex Louisville VAMC over a 10-year period.
Methods: …
One-Year Mortality In Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia, 2017 University of Louisville
One-Year Mortality In Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia, Paula Peyrani, Julio A. Ramirez
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
Pneumonia remains a common cause of morbidity and mortality in the US. Although, communityacquired pneumonia (CAP) has traditionally been considered an acute process, more recently, data have emerged showing that patients surviving an episode of CAP are at increased risk of death long after hospital discharged. In this descriptive review, we examine the current knowledge of long-term mortality and propose a hypothesis explaining the pathogenesis of long-term mortality in patients with CAP.
Using Steroids In Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia At The University Of Louisville Hospital: Who, What, And When, 2017 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders, University of Louisville
Using Steroids In Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia At The University Of Louisville Hospital: Who, What, And When, Rodrigo Cavallazzi, Julio A. Ramirez
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
No abstract provided.