Health Services Research Commons^™

African-American Lay Pastoral Care Facilitators’ Perspectives On Dementia Caregiver Education And Training, Nik M. Lampe, Nidhi Desai, Tomeka Norton-Brown, Alexandra C. H. Nowakowski, Robert L. Glueckauf

The Qualitative Report

The African-American Alzheimer’s Caregiver Training and Support Project 2 (ACTS 2) is a faith-integrated, skills-training and support program for distressed African American family caregivers of persons living with dementia across Florida. Caregivers participate in a 12-week, telephone-based, skills-building and support program led by faith community workers (i.e., lay pastoral care facilitators) who provide volunteer services to their denominations. In this case study, we examined facilitators’ perspectives and recommendations for supplementary audiovisual and written training materials to optimize group process and goal-setting skills. Utilizing a qualitative approach, we explored facilitators’ needs, experiences in using current training materials, and recommendations for supplementary …

Support For Me Needs Assessment Summary., Mary Lindsey Smith Phd, Katie Rosingana Ba, Evelyn Ali Bs, Karen Pearson Mlis, Ma, Mark Richards Bs, Katharine Knight Mph, Tyler Egeland Ba, Olivia Dooley Mpa

Substance Use Research & Evaluation

Maine Department of Health and Human Services contracted with the Catherine Cutler Institute at the University of Southern Maine to conduct a baseline needs assessment. The overall goal was to better understand the current capacity to address substance use in Maine; find barriers to receiving and utilizing SUD treatment and recovery services; and identify any gaps in SUD-related services in the state. The Cutler team conducted interviews, surveys, community listening sessions and focus groups with healthcare key informants (leadership from health systems, residential care, recovery housing, behavioral health agencies), providers (medical, behavioral health, first responders, residential treatment, law enforcement, opioid …

Rates Of Publication Of Fcps Dissertations In International And National Peer-Review Journals Among Residents At Akuh; A Cross Sectional Review Of 15 Years, Ainulakbar Mughal, Syed Akbar Abbas, Abdul Basit Shah Vardag, Muhammad Wasif, Soubia Akhtar, Ayesha Abbasi

Section of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery

Objective: To see the rate of publication of postgraduate residents' dissertation.
Methods: The single-centre retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised research publications from the residents of the departments of Surgery and Medicine who graduated between 2005 and 2020. The surgical subspecialties included Otolaryngology, Ophthalmology, Dentistry, General Surgery, Orthopaedics, Paediatric Surgery, Urology, Plastic Surgery and Cardiovascular Surgery. Data comprised demographics, current institution, current designation, information on dissertation/paper publication, topic of study, year of completion of dissertation, input from the research department, delay in exam due to incomplete dissertation and whether the paper got …

Serious Mental Illness And Mental Health Treatment Utilization Among Adults Residing In Non-Metropolitan And Metropolitan Counties, Tyrone F. Borders, Timothy Williams

Rural & Underserved Health Research Center Publications

Key Findings

The past year prevalence of serious mental illness (SMI) was significantly higher among non-metropolitan than metropolitan (5.90% vs. 5.18%, P < .03) adults.

Only 67.58% of non-metropolitan and 64.29% of metropolitan adults with SMI received any mental health (MH) treatment in the past year.

Additional analyses revealed the following non-metropolitan/metropolitan treatment differences:

• A higher percentage of non-metropolitan than metropolitan adults with SMI received only medication for MH treatment (24.50% vs. 18.53%, P < .02).
• A higher percentage of metropolitan than non-metropolitan adults with SMI received inpatient, outpatient, and medication (5.42% vs. 2.63%, P < .02).
• A significantly higher percentage of non-metropolitan than metropolitan adults with …

Age-Associated Gut Dysbiosis, Marked By Loss Of Butyrogenic Potential, Correlates With Altered Plasma Tryptophan Metabolites In Older People Living With Hiv., Smita Ghare, Richa Singhal, Vaughn Bryant, Sabina Gautam, Chanakya Charan Tirumala, Praneet Kumar Srisailam, Andrea Reyes-Vega, Dushan Ghooray, Craig J. Mcclain, Kristi Hoffman, Joseph Petrosino, Kendall Bryant, Varand Govind, Ronald Cohen, Robert L. Cook, Shirish Barve

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Background:

Imbalance in tryptophan (TRP) metabolism and its neuroactive metabolites, serotonin and kynurenine (KYN), is a known pathogenic mechanism underlying neurocognitive impairment. Gut microbiota plays an important role in TRP metabolism, and the production of these neuroactive molecules affects neurocognitive function. Although both HIV infection and normal aging independently induce gut dysbiosis and influence TRP metabolism, their interactive effects on compositional/functional changes in gut microbiota and consequent alterations in TRP metabolites remain largely undetermined.

Methods:

Older people living with HIV infection (PLWH, aged 50–70 years, n = 22) were enrolled in this cross-sectional pilot study. Metagenomic analysis of fecal microbiome …

Perioperative Registries In Resource-Limited Settings: The Way Forward For Pakistan, Usama Waqar, Shaheer Ahmed, Ayesha Nasir Hameed, Namrah Aziz, Hina Inam

Medical College Documents

Capable of improving surgical quality, perioperative registries can allow performance benchmarking, reliable reporting and the development of risk-prediction models. Well established in high-income countries, perioperative registries remain limited in lower- and middle-income countries due to several challenges. First, ensuring comprehensive data entry forums to power the registries is difficult because of limited electronic medical records requiring sustained efforts to develop and integrate these into practice. Second, lack of adequate expertise and resources to develop and maintain registry software necessitates the involvement of software developers and information technology personnel. Third, case ascertainment and item completion are challenging secondary to poor-quality medical …

Path To Publication: A Peer Mentorship Model For Student-Lead Surgical Research, Usama Waqar, Hareem Rauf, Muskaan Abdul Qadir, Hina Inam

Medical College Documents

Early and sustained involvement in research is imperative for medical students to ensure better career prospects in addition to provision of high-quality, evidence-based care to patients. However, involvement of students in surgical research still remains limited, owing to inadequate research training. The current paper was planned to describe the structure of the "Path to Publication" series, incorporating peer mentorship with capacity-building research workshops for medical students. A total of 25 students were grouped into 8 surgical subspecialty groups to conduct research, supervised by experienced student research and faculty mentors. In addition, a series of research workshops were organized in synchronization …

Culturally Safe And Integrated Primary Health Care: A Case Study Of Yerin Eleanor Duncan Aboriginal Health Services’ Holistic Model, Julieann Coombes, Patricia Cullen, Keziah Bennett-Brook, Marlene Longbottom, Tamara Mackean, Belinda Field, Vickie Parry

Journal of the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet

Objective

To understand the importance of culturally safe integrated primary health care for Aboriginal families in the Central Coast of New South Wales, where their social and emotional wellbeing is impacted through a range of health issues related to domestic and family violence.

Methods
An Indigenous methodology of yarning through conversational semi-structured interviews with seven primary health care workers at Yerin, an Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service (ACCHS) in New South Wales. Yarning sessions explored factors that enable and/or inhibit the provision of holistic and comprehensive trauma and culturally informed responses to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women who experience …

Protocols For An Aboriginal-Led, Multi-Methods Study Of The Role Of Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Health Workers, Practitioners And Liaison Officers In Quality Acute Health Care, Annabelle Wilson, Tamara Mackean, Liz Withall, Eileen M. Willis, Odette Pearson, Colleen Hayes, Kim O'Donnell, Janet Kelly, Kerry Taylor, Judith Dwyer, Elizabeth Bourke, Kate Hunter, Lorna Murakami-Gold, Rebecca Ivers, Fran Baum

Journal of the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet

Objectives
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Workers/Practitioners and Liaison Officers play an important, often critical role providing advocacy and cultural and emotional support for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander patients. The main goals of this research are to explore i) how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Workers/Practitioners and Liaison Officers are integrated in the routine delivery of care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in hospital, and ii) how the role of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Workers/Practitioners and Liaison Officers facilitates quality health outcomes.

Methods
This study is being conducted in three different hospitals using …

The Impact Of Physical Distancing Health Policy In Reducing Covid-19 Incidence In The World In 2020: Literature Review Study, Nunik Nurbaiti, Dumilah Ayuningtyas

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

To reduce and slow the spread of COVID-19, many countries in the world have adopted physical distancing health policy, which have never happened before. This study aims to get an overview of the impact of physical distancing health policy to reduce of COVID-19 incidence in the world at 2020. The research design used was a descriptive qualitative with a narrative literature review method, while the research source came from international journal channels Google Scholar, ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus with search data for the past five years. The approach used is the input, process, and output (IPO). From the …

Social Distancing Policy As A Means Of Improving Public Awareness During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Literature Review, Ulfa Oktaviani, Helen Andriani

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

To reduce COVID-19 transmission during the epidemic, most countries implemented a social distancing policy. However, without the people's compliance, this implementation will be useless. The combination of individual and environmental variables is critical to the success of initiating and maintaining health behaviors. The purpose of this study is to assess public participation toward obedience social distancing policy as a means of improving public awareness during COVID-19 pandemic. A literature review was used in this research. PubMed, Google Scholar, and ProQuest, with a cut-off date of 29 June 2021, were used to do an electronic search with no language constraints. There …

Supervision Of Traditional Medicines Containing Undeclared Substance: Analysis Of Indonesian Fda Monitoring Data For 2012 - 2021, Widha Dianasari, Mardiati Nadjib

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

Background: At a time when people believe in the efficacy and minimal risk of traditional medicines, government agencies that oversee traditional medicines often find chemicals that are intentionally added to traditional medicines. The purpose of this study is to present the findings of Undeclared Substance that have been added to traditional medicines for ten years, to analyze their relevance to the real situation related to diseases or health problems in Indonesia, and to examine the violations of related policies. Methods: This study used an observational design based on quantitative and qualitative data and analyzed descriptively. Quantitative data based on Traditional …

Policy On The Use Of Social Media In Hospitals In Building Communication During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Literature Review, Rita Kumalasari, Wahyu Sulistiadi

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

Social media is necessary for almost everyone, including in health services. During the COVID-19 pandemic, social media was widely used to build hospital communications. However, the benefits come with risks, as communication spreads so quickly. A proper policy is needed. This study aims to determine the benefits of social media in building communication in hospitals and the policies that govern it. The method used is a literature study. A literature search, through Science Direct, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and other databases (Google scholar, NIH/NLM, JMIH), with the keywords "social media" AND "communication" AND “policy” AND "hospital" AND "COVID-19 Pandemic", obtained 520 …

Role Of Accreditation To The Performance Of Non Communicable Diseases (Ncd’S) Control Program And Control In Accredited And Non Accredited Primary Health Care In Cimahi District, Nurkarti Azni, Ede Surya Darmawan

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

The Non-Communicable Disease (NCD’s) Prevention and Control Program is one of the essential Community Health Efforts implemented by the Puskesmas. Puskesmas accreditation is a form of program to maintain the quality and form of standardization to Puskesmas services in order to provide quality services. This research uses qualitative method, conducted in April-May 2018, aim to see improvement of performance at puskesmas especially at NCD’s Prevention and Control Program. Result of research, in general Output of program of implementation of NCD’s at Puskesmas accredited better than Puskesmas not yet accredited. Community-based partnership and funding activities have not been implemented, Iva test …

Patient Satisfaction With Care Is Associated With Better Outcomes In Function And Pain 1 Year After Lumbar Spine Surgery, Björn Knutsson, Bakir Kadum, Ted Eneqvist, Sebastian Mukka, Arkan S. Sayed-Noor

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: There has been increasing interest in patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) to evaluate the patient experience and satisfaction with care. We conducted a prospective multicenter cohort study to determine any association between patients’ satisfaction of care and their outcomes 1 year after lumbar spine surgery.

Methods: Satisfaction with care was recorded through telephone interviews and a standardized questionnaire. Baseline data collection (300 patients) and 1-year follow-up (209 patients) were conducted through The Swedish National Register for Spine Surgery (Swespine). Exposures were patient experiences, health care professional (HCP) attitudes, shared decision-making, and overall satisfaction with care. Associations were evaluated using adjusted …

Differences In Health-Related Outcomes And Health Care Resource Utilization In Breast Cancer Survivors With And Without Type 2 Diabetes, Susan Storey, Zuoyi Zhang, Xiao Luo, Megan Metzger, Amrutha Ravali Jakka, Kun Huang, Diane Von Ah

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Up to 74% of breast cancer survivors (BCS) have at least one preexisting comorbid condition, with diabetes (type 2) common. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in health-related outcomes (anemia, neutropenia, and infection) and utilization of health care resources (inpatient, outpatient, and emergency visits) in BCS with and without diabetes.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, data were leveraged from the electronic health records of a large health network linked to the Indiana State Cancer Registry. BCS diagnosed between January 2007 and December 2017 and who had received chemotherapy were included. Multivariable logistic regression and generalized …

A Physical Therapy Mobility Checkup For Older Adults: Feasibility And Participant Preferences From A Discrete Choice Experiment, Dalerie Lieberz, Hannah Borgeson, Steven Dobson, Lindsey Ewings, Karen Johnson, Kori Klaysmat, Abby Schultz, Rachel Tasson, Alexandra L. Borstad

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Physical performance measures, like walking speed, identify and predict preclinical mobility disability but are rarely used in routine medical care. A preventive model of care called Mobility Checkup is being designed to reduce mobility disability in older adults. This study had two purposes: 1) determine feasibility and outcomes of the Mobility Checkup, and 2) identify preferences of older adults regarding this model of care using a discrete choice experiment.

Methods: Adults over 55 years of age were recruited from the community. In the study’s first phase, participants completed a Mobility Checkup, with feasibility evaluated using 6 criteria. In the …

Prevalence Of Mental Health Conditions Among 6078 Individuals With Down Syndrome In The United States, Anne Rivelli, Veronica Fitzpatrick, Sagar Chaudhari, Laura Chicoine, Gengjie Jia, Andrey Rzhetsky, Brian Chicoine

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Findings from a recent study of the largest documented cohort of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) in the United States described prevalence of common disease conditions and strongly suggested significant disparity in mental health conditions among these individuals as compared with age- and sex-matched individuals without DS. The retrospective, descriptive study reported herein is a follow-up to document prevalence of 58 mental health conditions across 28 years of data from 6078 individuals with DS and 30,326 age- and sex-matched controls. Patient data were abstracted from electronic medical records within a large integrated health system. In general, individuals with DS had …

Prevalence Of Infectious Diseases Among 6078 Individuals With Down Syndrome In The United States, Veronica Fitzpatrick, Anne Rivelli, Sagar Chaudhari, Laura Chicoine, Gengjie Jia, Andrey Rzhetsky, Brian Chicoine

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

A recent disease prevalence study of the largest documented Down syndrome (DS) cohort in the United States strongly suggested significant disparity in general infectious disease conditions among individuals with DS versus those without DS. In this follow-up retrospective analysis, we explored these differences in greater detail by calculating prevalence of 52 infectious diseases, across 28 years of data among 6078 individuals with DS and 30,326 age- and sex-matched controls, abstracted from electronic medical records within a large Midwestern health system. We found that the DS cohort had higher prevalence of pneumonias (including aspiration, viral, bacterial, pneumococcal, and unspecified/atypical); otitis externa; …

Prevalence Of Endocrine Disorders Among 6078 Individuals With Down Syndrome In The United States, Anne Rivelli, Veronica Fitzpatrick, Danielle Wales, Laura Chicoine, Gengjie Jia, Andrey Rzhetsky, Brian Chicoine

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Findings from a recent study describing prevalence of common disease conditions in the largest documented cohort of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) in the United States strongly suggested significant disparity in endocrine disorders among these individuals when compared with age- and sex-matched individuals without DS. This retrospective, descriptive study is a follow-up report documenting prevalence of 21 endocrine disorder conditions, across 28 years of data, from 6078 individuals with DS and 30,326 age- and sex-matched controls, abstracted from electronic medical records within a large integrated health system. Overall, individuals with DS experienced higher prevalence of adrenal insufficiency and Addison’s disease; …