Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

Direct Oral Anticoagulants For The Prevention Of Stroke In Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: Understanding Differences And Similarities., Paul P. Dobesh, John Fanikos

Journal Articles: Pharmacy Practice

The presence of atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, significantly increases the risk for stroke. Current guidelines recommend that the vitamin K antagonist warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), such as the approved direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran and the approved direct factor Xa inhibitors apixaban, rivaroxaban, and edoxaban, should be used for thromboprophylaxis in patients with nonvalvular AF at risk for stroke or systemic embolic events (SEE). Warfarin, the mainstay of stroke prevention in AF, increases the risk of major bleeding. Furthermore, warfarin therapy comes with several limitations including frequent monitoring and the need for dose adjustments, …

Lipopolysaccharide Induced Map Kinase Activation In Raw 264.7 Cells Attenuated By Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles, Vellaisamy Selvaraj, Niraj Nepa, Steven Rogers, Nandini D.P.K. Manne, Ravi K. Arvapalli, Kevin M. Rice, Shinichi Asano, Erin Fankenhanel, J. Y. Ma, Tolou Shokuhfar, Mani Maheshwari, Eric R. Blough

Pharmaceutical Science and Research

High mortality rates are associated with the life threatening disease of sepsis. Improvements in septic patient survivability have failed to materialize with currently available treatments. This article represents data regarding a study published in biomaterials (Vellaisamy et al., Biomaterials, 2015, in press). with the purpose of evaluating whether severe sepsis mortality and associated hepatic dysfunction induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can be prevented by cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) treatment in male Sprague Dawley rats. Here we provide the information about the method and processing of raw data related to our study publish in Biomaterials and Data in Brief (Vellaisamy et al., …

Pharmacy Newsletter : September 2015, Pharmacy Department

Pharmacy Newsletter

Content

• Advancement in Pharmacotherapy
• Auxiliary Labels
• How to Take Oral Diabetic Medications with Food, Nutrient/Herb and other Medications?
• Proud to Report

The Role Of Pharmacists In Lgbtq Health, Cecilia M. Plaza, Jennifer Mathews, Tari Hanneman

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Pharmacists are one of the most accessible healthcare providers and often can serve as the first point of contact for patients with the healthcare system. This session explored the role of that pharmacist on the healthcare team related to LGBTQ health. The new Center for the Advancement of Pharmacy Education (CAPE) Educational Outcomes were discussed as well as current efforts within pharmacy education in LGBTQ health education. The speakers also addressed barriers to LGBTQ education and practice along with potential solutions.

Medical Marijuana And Pharmacy Practice, Karl G. Williams

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

By way of the Compassionate Care Act of 2014, New York has become the 23^rd state to create a process that will permit patients suffering from a “serious condition” to receive medical marijuana (or “cannabis”). Among those, it is the second state to prohibit the crude delivery system of smoking (Minnesota), and the third to involve pharmacists in the dispensing process (Connecticut and Minnesota). Because virtually every practicing pharmacist in New York will be caring for patients receiving some form of cannabinoid therapy, it is important to discuss the basic outlines established by the law and regulations.

Impact Of An Antimicrobial Stewardship Intervention On Urinary Tract Infection Treatment In The Emergency Department, Kelly M. Percival, Kristine M. Valenti, Stacy E. Scmittling, Brandi D. Strader, Rebecka R. Lopez, Scott Bergman

SIUE Faculty Research, Scholarship, and Creative Activity

STUDY OBJECTIVE:

The study objective is to assess changes in treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) after implementation of recommendations based on national guidelines and local resistance rates.

METHODS:

This preintervention and postintervention study included patients discharged home from the emergency department (ED) with an uncomplicated UTI at a 439-bed teaching hospital. Emergency department prescribers were educated on how local antimicrobial resistance rates impact UTI practice guidelines. Empiric treatment according to recommendations was assessed as the primary outcome. Agreement between chosen therapy and isolated pathogen susceptibility was compared before and after education. Reevaluation in the ED or hospital admission …

Characterisation Of Physical, Spectral And Thermal Properties Of Biofield Treated Resorcinol, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Ragini Singh, Snehasis Jana

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

Uji Toksisitas Akut Dan Efek Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Metanol Dan Ekstrak N-Heksana Daun Pepaya (Carica Papaya L), Tahara Dilla Santi

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

The acute toxicity test and antiinflammatory effect of methanolic and n-hexane extracts Carica papaya L leaf have been studied. The results of phytochemical screening show that papaya leaf contains alkaloid, steroid, and flavonoid compound. Flavonoid and alkaloid extracted from methanolic extract of papaya leaf and steroid extracted from n-hexane extract of papaya leaf. The acute toxicity test of methanolic and n-hexane extracts Carica papaya L leaf have been studied on rat with giving a single dose of samples. The aim of this work was to investigate the behavioral responses (pharmacological profile), the development of body weight and mortality for 14 …

Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium Guajava L.) Sebagai Antikanker Payudara, Dwitiyanti Dwitiyanti

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Guava leaves are used as a cytotoxic. Previous research has demonstrated that guava leaves contained 61.71% of quersetin and has potential as an cytotoxic. The aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxic activity of 70% ethanol extract of guava leaves against cancer cells T47D. The method used direct counting (viable cell count) to obtained LC50 value. This study used a test solution with six concentrations that were 130.62; 67.98; 35.98; 18.43; 9.56 and 5 µg/ml. The LC50 value from the 70% ethanol extract of guava leaves was 27.54 µg/ml. The results suggested the extract of guava leaves has …

Enzim Papain: Aspek Green Chemistry Pada Reaksi Knoevenagel, Laurentius Haryanto, Antonius Herry Cahyana

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Green chemistry aspect is the chemical approach that has been studied in the past two decade. One of the principles is the development of green synthesis process that is friendly for the environment. This research showed that papain can be used as catalyst for Knoevenagel reaction with 3 kinds of substituted-benzaldehyde and malononitrile as substrates in aqueous medium. The best reaction condition with 80% yield was reached by utilizing of 25 mg papain/mmol substrate. Reaction was conducted at ambient temperature and pressure for 30 min. Products were as yellowish to yellow needle crystals and successfully characterized by melting point, UV-Vis, …

Skrining Fitokimia Dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Fraksi Etanol Alga Merah Eucheuma Spinosum, Bina Lohita Sari, Nurulia Susanti, Sutanto Sutanto

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

The red alga, Eucheuma spinosum from South Bangka Waters was shown to contain antioxidant activity. Natural antioxidants from algae are known to play an important role against various diseases and aging processes. The study objective was to investigate phytochemical screenings and antioxidant activity of ethanol fractions Euchema spinosum from south Bangka waters. Antioxidant activities of fresh algae (FA), dry algae (DA), and algae product (AP) were determined with DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assay. Extraction was conducted using 70% ethanol in acidic environment for 24 hours. Then, the extract was evaporated using rotary evaporator. Dry extract was fractionated with ethanol - n - …

Not In My Backyard: A Systematic Review Of Clinicians’ Knowledge And Beliefs About Antibiotic Resistance, Amanda Mccullough, John Rathbone, Sarah Parekh, Tammy Hoffmann, Chris Del Mar

Amanda McCullough

Exercise and physical activity are important components in both the management and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Exercise promotes multiple beneficial effects for diabetics; however, some studies have shown that when some individuals undergo an exercise program, this can cause behavioural compensatory responses. Therefore, we investigated whether an aerobic exercise program influences sedentary behavior (SB) and moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in type 2 diabetics. Eight volunteers (51.1±8.2 years; 4 men) underwent an exercise program (3 d.wk-1, 50– 60% of VO2 peak, 30–60 min) for 8 weeks. SB and MVPA were measured by triaxial accelerometers pre- and post-exercise intervention. Cardiorespiratory fitness, …

Physical, Spectroscopic And Thermal Characterization Of Biofield Treated Myristic Acid, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Rama Mohan Tallapragada, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Rakesh K. Mishra, Snehasis Jana

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

Physical And Structural Characterization Of Biofield Treated Imidazole Derivatives, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Gunin Saikia, Snehasis Jana

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

Workload Perceptions Of Pharmacists: Part Of Changing A National Trend, Fadi M. Alkhateeb, Omar F. Attarabeen, David Latif, Rachel Deliere

Pharmacy Practice & Administration

Background: A National Pharmacist Workforce Survey (NPW) survey is being conducted in the US every five years. The 2009- NPW project surveyed 1,391 participants, of which only 12 participants were from West Virginia. Therefore, such a small representation of West Virginian pharmacists may question the validity of extrapolating the results of the 2009 NPW survey to pharmacists in this state. As a result, a separate survey was needed to answer the questions about the perceived workload, work characteristics, and demographics for West Virginian pharmacists.

Objectives: The primary objective of this investigation was to identify the pharmacists’ perceptions of workload in …

Application Of Ichip To Grow “Uncultivable” Microorganisms And Its Impact On Antibiotic Discovery, Rinzhin T. Sherpa, Caretta J. Reese, Hamidreza Montazeri Aliabadi

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Purpose. Antibiotics have revolutionized modern medicine, allowing significant progress in healthcare and improvement in life expectancy. Development of antibiotic resistance by pathogenic bacteria is a natural phenomenon; however, the rate of antibiotic resistance emergence is increasing at an alarming rate, due to indiscriminate use of antibiotics in healthcare, agriculture and even everyday products. Traditionally, antibiotic discovery has been conducted by screening extracts of microorganisms for antimicrobial activity. However, this conventional source has been over-used to such an extent that it poses the risk of “running out” of new antibiotics. Aiming to increase access to a greater diversity of microorganisms, …

Derivation Of An Analytical Solution To A Reaction-Diffusion Model For Autocatalytic Degradation And Erosion In Polymer Microspheres, Ashlee N. Ford Versypt, Paul D. Arendt, Daniel W. Pack, Richard D. Braatz

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

A mathematical reaction-diffusion model is defined to describe the gradual decomposition of polymer microspheres composed of poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) that are used for pharmaceutical drug delivery over extended periods of time. The partial differential equation (PDE) model treats simultaneous first-order generation due to chemical reaction and diffusion of reaction products in spherical geometry to capture the microsphere-size-dependent effects of autocatalysis on PLGA erosion that occurs when the microspheres are exposed to aqueous media such as biological fluids. The model is solved analytically for the concentration of the autocatalytic carboxylic acid end groups of the polymer chains that comprise the microspheres …

Advancements In Treatment For Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Implications For Rehabilitation Professionals, Shawn P. Saladin, Yasar Tasnif, Bianca Cruz, Robert B. Perez

JADARA

Rehabilitation professionals often work with individuals with sensorineural hearing loss. Sometimes the hearing loss is due to ototoxic medications that are prescribed as treatments for other conditions. An understanding of the types of ototoxic medications at the root of the sensorineural hearing loss combined with an understanding of the advancements in treatments will help the rehabilitation professional better serve consumers who fit this description.

Polymeric Nanocarriers For Treatment Of Melanoma And Genetically Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells To Improve Outcome Of Islet Transplantation, Vaibhav Mundra

Theses & Dissertations

Melanoma is a lethal malignancy with limited treatment options for advanced metastatic stages. New targeted therapeutic options with discovery of BRAF and MEK inhibitors have shown significant survival benefit. Despite the recent progress, inefficient tumor accumulation and dose limiting systemic toxicity remains pressing challenges for treating metastatic melanoma and there is a need for drug delivery approach to improve therapeutic index of chemotherapeutics. Nanoparticle based drug delivery represents promising approach to enhance efficacy and reduce the dose limiting systemic toxicity. Nanoparticles can be formulated either by physical encapsulation of drugs or by covalent conjugation of drugs to the polymeric backbone. …

Development Of Hypoxia Trapping Enhanced Bb2r-Targeted Radiopharmaceutics For Prostate Cancer, Zhengyuan Zhou

Theses & Dissertations

The Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor (BB2r) has been investigated as a diagnostic and therapeutic target for prostate and other cancers due to the high expression level on neoplastic relative to normal tissues. A variety of BB2r-targeted agents have been developed utilizing the bombesin(BBN) peptide, which has shown nanomolar binding affinity to human BB2r. However, as with most of the low-molecular weight, receptor-targeted drugs, a major challenge to clinical translation of BB2r-targeted agents is the low retention at the tumor site due to intrinsically high diffusion and efflux rates. Our laboratory seeks to address this deficiency by developing synthetic approaches to selectively …