Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

Evaluation Of Pharmacist- Or Nurse-Driven Long-Acting Insulin Titration Protocol In Adult Primary Care Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Ruth Manzi, Corinn Martineau, Carmine Laporta, Mary Muca, Samantha Marrier, Donald Medd, Jennifer Aronson

Journal of Maine Medical Center

INTRODUCTION

Studies have supported protocolized insulin titration to optimize insulin therapy. We implemented a long acting insulin titration (LAIT) protocol in a primary care setting to aid patients achieve optimal control of their diabetes. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the performance of the LAIT protocol.

METHODS

This retrospective analysis included patients ≥18 years with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and a hemoglobin A1c (A1C) >8% who were managed as outpatients at clinics within our health care system. We collected demographic and clinical data before and after a patient’s enrollment in the LAIT protocol. Our primary outcome measure was …

Wellness As A Component Of The Curriculum And Co-Curriculum At The University Of New England College Of Pharmacy, Sarah Vincent, Sydney Springer, Emily Dornblaser, Ashley Barba, Jean Woodward

Pharmacy Practice Faculty Posters

The educational literature is replete with data suggesting the positive impact of wellness behaviors on student success in the 21st century. Pharmacy graduates with a background in wellness and integrative/complimentary medicine will become increasingly important as we expand our understanding of the role social determinants, such as emotional and cognitive influences, have on health. The University of New England College of Pharmacy has adopted both a curricular and co-curricular approach to wellness. We have established a specialty track in Wellness and Integrative Medicine [SS1] that will prepare students, through both didactic and experiential coursework, to employ evidence-based treatments that enhance …

Psychedelics And Mental Health, Angelica Milla

College of Pharmacy Student Research

No abstract provided.

Prepare The Pharmacy For The Next Crisis: A Well-Drafted Business Continuity Plan Enables Continued Operations, Mitigates Potential Risks., Kenneth Maxik, Craig Kimble, Alberto Coustasse

Pharmacy Practice & Administration

The purpose of continuity planning is to ensure that dispensing operations continue, that pharmacy information systems’ data remain protected and accessible, and that telecommunications to support critical organization function during and after business interruption. Interruptions can occur for various reasons, such as earthquakes, fires, flooding, hurricanes, pandemics, power loss, tornadoes, and wildfires. Devising a crisis continuity plan can enable pharmacies to continue to provide patient care, ensure staff safety, and maintain financial viability after a disaster. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the resulting business closures brought about by the shutdown have highlighted this need to plan for all …

Are We Missing The Target? Are We Aiming Too Low? What Are The Aerobic Exercise Prescriptions And Their Effects On Markers Of Cardiovascular Health And Systemic Inflammation In Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis? A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Jenna M. Schulz, Trevor B. Birmingham, Hayden F. Atkinson, Emilie Woehrle, Codie A. Primeau, Michael J. Lukacs, Baraa K. Al-Khazraji, Michaela C.M. Khan, Bryn O. Zomar, Robert J. Petrella, Frank Beier, C. Thomas Appleton, J. Kevin Shoemaker, Dianne M. Bryant

Physiology and Pharmacology Publications

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. Objectives We systemically reviewed published studies that evaluated aerobic exercise interventions in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) to: (1) report the frequency, intensity, type and time (FITT) of exercise prescriptions and (2) quantify the changes in markers of cardiovascular health and systemic inflammation. Data sources PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus; inception to January 2019. Eligibility criteria Randomised clinical trials (RCT), cohort studies, case series. Design We summarised exercise prescriptions for all studies and calculated effect sizes with 95% CIs for between-group (RCTs that compared exercise and …

Medication Use, Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors, And Acute Care Utilization After Hospitalization In Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease., Joshua J Neumiller, Kenn Daratha, Radica Alicic, Robert A Short, Haleigh Miller, Liza Gregg, Brian J Gates, Cynthia F Corbett, Sterling M Mcpherson, Katherine Tuttle

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this secondary analysis were to: (a) characterize medication use following hospital discharge for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and (b) investigate relationships of medication use with the primary composite outcome of acute care utilization 90 days after hospitalization.

METHODS: The CKD-Medication Intervention Trial (CKD-MIT) enrolled acutely ill hospitalized patients with CKD stages 3-5 not dialyzed (CKD 3-5 ND). In this post hoc analysis, data for medication use were characterized, and the relationship of medication use with the primary outcome was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models.

RESULTS: Participants were taking a mean of 12.6 (standard …

Does Early Physical Therapy Intervention Reduce Opioid Burden And Improve Functionality In The Management Of Chronic Lower Back Pain?, Shedrick Martin, Kimberly Tallian, Victoria T Nguyen, Jason Van Dyke, Harminder Sikand

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Introduction: Chronic lower back pain is a leading cause of disability in US adults. Opioid use continues to be controversial despite the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidance on chronic pain management to use nonpharmacologic and nonopioid pharmacologic interventions. The objectives of the study were to assess the impact of early physical therapy (PT) intervention on improving functionality and reducing opioid burden in patients with chronic lower back pain.

Methods: A single-center, retrospective chart review of patients receiving ≥6 PT visits and treated with either opioids first (OF) or PT first (PTF) therapy for chronic lower back pain were …

Population Data-Driven Formulation Of A Covid-19 Therapeutic, Heather R. Campbell, Regan P. Cecil, Robert A. Lodder

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

This study is designed to utilize computer modeling of the US population through the ongoing CDC NHANES trial to reduce the need for preclinical formulation and toxicology studies of an Ebola antiviral (BSN389) being repurposed for COVID-19, and to thereby speed the candidate therapeutic to the clinic. BSN389 has poor solubility in water and that limits its bioavailability. BCD greatly increases the solubility of BSN389 and results in high bioavailability of BSN389 in animal studies. The goal of this study is to determine the current daily exposure of the population to beta cyclodextrin (BCD), and then keep the amount of …

Initial And Repeated Point Prevalence Surveys To Inform Sars-Cov-2 Infection Prevention In 26 Skilled Nursing Facilities - Detroit, Michigan, March-May 2020, Guillermo V. Sanchez, Caitlin Bierdon, Lauren R. Fink, Kelly M. Hatfield, Jordan Micah F. Polistico, Monica P. Meyers, Rebecca S. Noe, Casey E. Copen, Amanda K. Lyons, Gonzalo Gonzalez, Keith Kiama, Mark Lebednick, Bonnie K. Caander, Amen Agbonze, Aimee R. Surma, Avnish Sandhu, Valerie H. Mika, Tyler Prentiss, John Zervos, Donia A. Dalal, Amber M. Vasquez, Sujan C. Reddy, John Jernigan, Paul E. Kilgore, Marcus J. Zervos, Teena Chopra, Carla P. Bezold, Najibah K. Rehman

Department of Pharmacy Practice

No abstract provided.

Phosphodiesterase Isoforms And Camp Compartments In The Development Of New Therapies For Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Martina Schmidt, Isabella Cattani-Cavalieri, Francisco J. Nuñez, Rennolds S. Ostrom

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The second messenger molecule 3′5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) imparts several beneficial effects in lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). While cAMP is bronchodilatory in asthma and COPD, it also displays anti-fibrotic properties that limit fibrosis. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) metabolize cAMP and thus regulate cAMP signaling. While some existing therapies inhibit PDEs, there are only broad family specific inhibitors. The understanding of cAMP signaling compartments, some centered around lipid rafts/caveolae, has led to interest in defining how specific PDE isoforms maintain these signaling microdomains. The possible altered expression of PDEs, and thus abnormal …

Function Of Gpr68 In Normal Hematopoiesis And Malignant Hematopoietic Diseases, Xiaofei He

Theses and Dissertations

G protein-coupled receptor 68 (GPR68), as a proton-sensing receptor, is involved in numerous physiological processes. However, its specific functions in normal hematopoiesis and malignant hematopoietic diseases were unknown. Using a genetic loss of function approach (i.e. whole-body Gpr68^-/- mouse model), B lymphocytes were reduced under stressed conditions, such as aging and hematopoietic regeneration. However, hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) from Gpr68^-/- mice exhibited comparable function as HSC from wild type mice either under steady-state or upon stress. To determine whether the unaltered HSC function of Gpr68^-/- mice was due to compensatory effects of Gpr68 in nonhematopoietic cells, a …

Oral Anticoagulants For Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation In Frail Elderly Patients: Insights From The Aristophanes Study, G. Y. H. Lip, A. V. Keshishian, A. L. Kang, A. D. Dhamane, X. Luo, X. Li, N. Balachander, L. Rosenblatt, J. Mardekian, X. Pan, M. Di Fusco, A. B. Garcia Reeves, Huseyin Yuce, S. Deitelzweig

Publications and Research

Background

Patient frailty amongst patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is associated with adverse health outcomes and increased risk of mortality. Additional evidence is needed to evaluate effective and safe NVAF treatment in this patient population.

Objectives

This subgroup analysis of the ARISTOPHANES study compared the risk of stroke/systemic embolism (S/SE) and major bleeding (MB) amongst frail NVAF patients prescribed nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) or warfarin.

Methods

This comparative retrospective observational study of frail, older NVAF patients who initiated apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban or warfarin from 01JAN2013‐30SEP2015 was conducted using Medicare and 3 US commercial claims databases. To compare …

Use Of National Consumer Survey Data To Explore Perceptions Of Complementary And Alternative Medicine, Alina Cernasev, Basma Gomaa, Keri Hager, Jon C. Schommer, Lawrence B. Brown

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background: Although Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) has been the standard of therapy in Asia for centuries, it started receiving more attention in the U.S. in the last three decades.

Objectives: The primary study objective was to explore individuals' perspectives of CAM. A secondary objective was to describe individuals' perceptions of pharmacists’ roles in facilitating their use of these services and products.

Methods: Data were obtained from the 2015 and 2016 National Consumer Surveys on the Medication Experience and Pharmacist Roles. Data were collected from adults residing in the United States via on-line, self-administered surveys coordinated by …

The Roles Of Primary Cilia In Cardiovascular Diseases And Cancer, Maha Jamal

Pharmaceutical Sciences (PhD) Dissertations

Primary cilia are sensory organelles present in most mammalian cell types and regulate cell cycle and signaling pathways. Biochemical and molecular dysfunctions of primary cilia are associated with a wide range of diseases, including cancer, ciliopathies polycystic kidney disease (PKD, liver disorders, mental retardation, and obesity to cardiovascular diseases. Dysfunction in endothelial cilia contributes to aberrant fluid-sensing and results in vascular disorders, such as hypertension, aneurysm, and atherosclerosis. In this dissertation, the most recent outcomes on the roles of endothelial primary cilia within vascular biology have been summarized. Moreover, we evaluate the correlation between cilia formation or length and cell …

Synthesizing Modified Polymeric Nanoparticles For Biofilm Inhibition, Antibiotic Encapsulation, And Specific Targeting Against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Logan Schnorbus

Theses and Dissertations

Widespread usage of antibiotics is a growing concern due to antibiotic resistance development in bacteria. This is due to common use of antibiotics in agricultural, livestock, and clinical usage. Antibiotic resistance is developing at a rate in which it is outpacing new drugs on the market. New strategies in drug development are necessary to combat the increasing resistance. We designed several motifs of sugar-modified nanoparticles to inhibit the biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

P. aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium that is responsible for common life-threatening infection in hospitals. This gram-negative opportunistic pathogenic bacterium infects hosts with compromised immune systems …

Examining The Effects Of (Α4)3(Β2)2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Selective Positive Allosteric Modulator On Acute Thermal Nociception In Rats, Farah Deba, Kara Ramos, Matthew Vannoy, Kemburli Munoz, Lois S. Akinola, M. Imad Damaj, Ayman K. Hamouda

Pharmacy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)-based therapeutics are sought as a potential alternative strategy to opioids for pain management. In this study, we examine the antinociceptive effects of 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-(5-methyl-1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)isoxazole (CMPI), a novel positive allosteric modulator (PAM), with preferential selectivity to the low agonist sensitivity (α4)3(β2)2 nAChR and desformylflustrabromine (dFBr), a PAM for α4-containing nAChRs. We used hot plate and tail flick tests to measure the effect of dFBr and CMPI on the latency to acute thermal nociceptive responses in rats. Intraperitoneal injection of dFBr, but not CMPI, dose-dependently increased latency in the hot plate test. In the tail flick test, the …

An In Silico Study Of Small Molecule Anti-Cancer Agents Targeting Dna G-Quadruplexes, Holli-Joi Sullivan

Theses and Dissertations

Free ligand binding molecular dynamic simulations are a powerful tool used to probe the ligand binding process, mechanism and pathway and the insight gained can help expedite the early stages of drug discovery. Using these methods, we model the binding of two small molecule anti-cancer agents BRACO19 and CX-5461 to a variety of DNA G-quadruplexes (G4s) and a DNA Duplex. The first study focuses on the binding of BRACO19 to three different topological folds (parallel, anti-parallel and hybrid) of the human telomeric G4s. Our detailed analysis identified the most stable binding modes were end stacking and groove binding for the …

The Mbeya Antimicrobial Stewardship Team: Implementing Antimicrobial Stewardship At A Zonal-Level Hospital In Southern Tanzania, Jeffrey W. Hall, Jeannette Bouchard, P Brandon Bookstaver, Matthew S. Haldeman, Peter Kishimbo, Godlove Mbwanji, Issakwisa Mwakyula, Davance Mwasomola, Megan Seddon, Mark Shaffer, Stephanie C. Shealy, Anthony Nsojo

Faculty Publications

In 2017, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital (MZRH) and the University of South Carolina (UofSC) agreed to collaboratively strengthen antimicrobial prescribing in the southern highlands of Tanzania and train a new generation of clinicians in responsible antimicrobial use. Key stakeholders and participants were identified and the Mbeya Antimicrobial Stewardship Team (MAST) was created. The team identified assets brought by the collaborators, and four investigations of baseline needs were developed. These investigations included (a) a baseline clinician survey regarding antimicrobial resistance and stewardship, (b) a serial chart review of inpatient antimicrobial prescribing practices, (c) an investigation of antimicrobial resistance rates using existing …

Role Of Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase On Cardiovascular Functions In Physiological And Pathophysiological States, Ahmmed Ally, Isabella Powell, Minora M. Ally, Kevin Chaitoff, Surya M. Nauli

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

This review describes and summarizes the role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) on the central nervous system, particularly on brain regions such as the ventrolateral medulla (VLM) and the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG), and on blood vessels and the heart that are involved in the regulation and control of the cardiovascular system (CVS). Furthermore, we shall also review the functional aspects of nNOS during several physiological, pathophysiological, and clinical conditions such as exercise, pain, cerebral vascular accidents or stroke and hypertension. For example, during stroke, a cascade of molecular, neurochemical, and cellular changes occur that affect the nervous system …

Veterinarians’ Attitudes And Practices Regarding Opioid-Related Vet Shopping Practices In Tri-State Appalachian Counties: An Exploratory Study, Falguni C Patel, Jeffrey A Raines, Richard W Kim, Karen Gruszynski, Robert E Davis, Manoj Sharma, Gilbert Patterson, Jason W Johnson, Vinayak K Nahar

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The opioid crisis continues to grow in the United States with 46,700 drug overdose deaths due to opioids in 2017 alone. Vet shopping, the practice of soliciting veterinarians for prescription medications, has been receiving national media attention in recent years. A 2014 review of Prescription Monitoring Drug Programs found less than 10 veterinary shoppers nationwide. Still much is unknown about the role of vet shopping and the opioid crisis. This study sought to understand the practice of vet shopping through the eyes of veterinarians practicing in Appalachian counties within the states of Kentucky, Tennessee, and Virginia, United States.

RESULTS: …