Periodontics and Periodontology Commons^™

Immediate Versus Delayed Loading Of Two Implants Supporting A Locator Retained Mandibular Overdenture. A Randomized Controlled Study., Sejal R. Thacker

Master's Theses

The aim of this study was to evaluate immediate versus delayed loading of two implants, six months post-surgery, supporting a locator retained mandibular overdenture. The objective was to evaluate implant bone remodelling using radiographic bone level changes (RBL) as the variable, from baseline to six months, between the test and the control groups. The secondary objectives included (1) evaluation of implant survival, (2) nature and frequency of surgical and prosthetic complications, and (3) correlation of implant length and insertion torque on RBL.

Eligible patients were randomized into test (immediate loading) and control group (delayed loading). Five patients were allocated to …

Analysis Of Periapical Biopsies Submitted For Histopathological Evaluation: A Retrospective Study, Abdullah I. Alqaied

Master's Theses

Apical periodontitis is the most common pathological process in the periapical region. Disciplined clinical and radiographic evaluations and appropriate diagnostic tests can detect lesions related to apical periodontitis. Aside from this, lesions mimicking pulp-related pathology but unrelated to pulpal infection and necrosis are occasionally discovered in the periapical region. The objective of this study was two-fold: (1) to determine the prevalence of diverse periapically located pathological entities, and (2) to apply that information to evaluate the rationale for routine submission of surgically obtained tissue for histological examination and diagnosis. Methods: A 5-year retrospective analysis of pathology reports from the UCONN …

Identification Of The Mandibular Nerve With Cbct Using A Nerve Marking Tool Or Not, Myung Soo Choi

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Introduction: In the field of implant dentistry, cone beam computed tomography can give clinicians valuable information regarding anatomic structures, bone quantity and quality. If the mandibular nerve is encroached during surgery, severe morbidity of the patient and medico-legal issues may result. Thus the importance of accurate determination of the position of mandibular canal cannot be overemphasized. Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the difference in the position of the mandibular nerve determined, and marked by a radiology technician utilizing nerve marking tool and compared to the same measurement by a clinician not utilizing a nerve marking tool. …

Pronthocyanidin-Rich Cranberry-Fractioninduced Alteration Of Periodontal Pathogen Lipopolysaccharide Functions, Vreiti Sangha

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

The cranberry (species: Vaccinium macrocarpon, family: Ericaceae) is a polyphenolicrich berry fruit native to North America and exhibits numerous beneficial properties for human health, such as inhibition of human cancer cell line proliferation and prevention of urinary tract colonization by bacterial pathogens. The proanthocyanidin rich cranberry fraction has long been speculated to possess the capacity to reduce the production of inflammatory mediators by LPSstimulated macrophages and gingival fibroblasts and to inhibit host extracellular matrix destructive enzyme production and activity.

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effect of cranberry non dialyzable material (NDM), which was shown to be …

Shining A New Light On Selective Polishing, Caren M. Barnes

College of Dentistry: Faculty Publications

The era of selective polishing is over. Polishing is an integral procedure provided by dental hygienists. Patients look forward to the resultant smooth, clean feeling, and dental hygienists must ensure that all patients are polished according to their individual needs—ensuring the safety of their teeth and restorations.

Evaluation Of A Revised Curriculum: A Four-Year Qualitative Study Of Student Perceptions, Sharon K. Lanning, Angela P. Wetzel, Meredith B. Baines, B. Ellen Byrne

Periodontics Publications

Following curricular revisions at the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, this longitudinal study was designed to determine students' perceptions of their educational experience in the revised curriculum. A SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) open-ended response questionnaire was administered to students in the class of 2011 (N=89) in January of each academic year, 2008 through 2011, followed by focus groups three months prior to graduation. The overall response rate for the questionnaire was 69 percent, and a total of fourteen students participated in four focus groups. Cumulatively, 1,382 responses (SWOT=984 and focus groups=398) were qualitatively analyzed, and five themes …

Sociodemographic Characteristics, Clinicopathological Parameters And Survival Among Malaysians With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Oscc), Ghani W. M. N., Rosnah Binti Zain, Jalil N., Razak I. A., Raja-Latifah R. J., Samsuddin A. R.

Prof. Dr. Rosnah Binti Zain

Introduction: Western researchers showed that oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients exhibit lower survival rate and poorer prognosis compared to other type of cancer where several clinicopathological parameters have been implicated in the survival of patients. This study aims to assess the association between sociodemographic and clinicopathological parameters with survival of OSCC patients. Method: Data were collected from 253 histologically diagnosed OSCC patients attending selected clinics nationwide. Survival was analyzed for relation with habits, site, disease stage and nodal involvement. Results: Mean age was 58.9 ± 12.6 years with 8.3% aged less than 40. Majority is females (61.1%) and of …

Mdm2 Splice Variants In Oral Cancer, Rosnah Binti Zain

Prof. Dr. Rosnah Binti Zain

Introduction: MDM2 is a negative regulator of the p53 tumor suppressor protein. The presence of a variety of MDM2 splice variants have been reported in many different types of tumor and some have been shown to be associated with patient prognosis.Materials and methods: In this study, we demonstrated the occurrence of MDM2 splice variants in OSCC tissues. RNA was extracted from 45 OSCC tissues and 17 normal oral mucosa tissues and reverse transcribed into cDNA. Nested PCR was performed to amplify the MDM2 transcripts and the PCR amplicons were cloned into cloning vector pTZ57R/T and sequenced.Results: We demonstrated that 37/45 …

Microrna Profiles Of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Oscc) Using Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin Embedded (Ffpe) Tissue, Siow M. Y., Ng L. P. K., Abraham M. T., Zaini Z. M., Cheong S. C., Rosnah Binti Zain

Prof. Dr. Rosnah Binti Zain

Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have previously found to be highly tissue- or disease-specific biomarkers with clinical applicability. However, the role of miRNAs in OSCC progression has yet to be well-studied. Here, we demonstrated the use of FFPE specimens in microarray profiling and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) approaches to identify miRNAs that are differentially expressed in OSCC compared with non-tumour tissues.Materials and methods: Four OSCC and four non-tumour FFPE tissues were obtained from the Malaysian Oral Cancer Database and Tumour System (MOCDTBS), coordinated by OCRCC-UM and profiled using Agilent 8 × 15 k mammalian miRNA microarray. Based on microarray results, TaqMan miRNA …

Immunohistochemical Features Of Extra-Nodal Nk/T Cell Lymphoma, Muhamad H. M., Ibrahim N. I., Rosnah Binti Zain

Prof. Dr. Rosnah Binti Zain

NK/T cell lymphoma is a destructive extranodal lymphoproliferative disorder of a putative natural killer (NK) cell lineage. This rare malignant lymphoma is difficult to diagnose due to the histological resemblance to reactive processes hence was once considered as an inflammatory lesion known as lethal midline granuloma or non-healing granuloma. Providentially, the advance in immunophenotyping has permit characterization of NK/T-cell lymphoma, as a distinct entity from other type of lymphoma. It is most commonly involved the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and hard palate and as the case we reported here of a NK/T-cell lymphoma in a 29 year old Indonesian man …

High Throughput Mutational Profiling Of Signaling Molecules In Oral Cancer, Zanaruddin , S. N. S., Cheong , S. C., Rahman , Z. A. A., Abd Ghani , W. M. N. W, Mustafa , W. M. W., Rosnah Binti Zain, Kong , Y. H., Hor , S. Y., Teo , S. H.

Prof. Dr. Rosnah Binti Zain

It is well established that a plethora of mutations that occur in oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes are the main drivers of tumorigenesis. The identification of these mutations provides important clues to the cellular processes of carcinogenesis and affords an opportunity for these genes to be used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. In comparison to cancers such as breast, lung and colorectal, there is a lack of systematic, large scale characterization of oncogenic mutations oralsquamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Genome Wide Profiling Of Tongue And Cheek Cancer Using High Resolution Array Based Cgh, Chong V. K. V., Rahman Z. A. A., Zakaria Z., Tay K. K., Ismail S. M., Rosnah Binti Zain

Prof. Dr. Rosnah Binti Zain

Introduction: Tongue and cheek cancer have different behaviors. In order to understand these behaviors, there is a need to look into the chromosomal alterations and gene pathways that maybe associated with oral cancer at these sites. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the differences in chromosomal aberrations and gene pathways involved in tongue and cheek cancer using high resolution array CGH. Methods: A genome wide screening with array CGH (SurePrint G3 CGH 1x1M microarray) was performed using gDNA from 20 snap frozen fresh tissues consisting of 12 tongue and 8 cheek oral squamous cell carcinomas (samples from …

Expression Of Gna12 And Its Role In Oral Cancer, Gan C. P., Rosnah Binti Zain, Abraham M. T., Patel V., Gutkind J. S., Cheong S. C., Chong C. E., Hamid S., Teo S. H.

Prof. Dr. Rosnah Binti Zain

Introduction: The variability of clinical outcomes in oral cancer patients and the heterogeneity of the disease are the main challenges for the improvement of current treatment modalities. Efforts in our laboratory have focused on the molecular profiling of oral cancer to understand the mechanisms underlying the disease. In a previous microarray study, we found Guanine nucleotide binding protein alpha-12 (GNA12) to be up-regulated in oral cancer. Materials and methods: In this study, we validated the expression of GNA12 at the mRNA level in 47 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and 18 non-malignant oral mucosa tissues, by quantitative polymerase chain reaction …

Dietary Consumptions Pattern And Risk Of Oral Cancer: A Malaysian Scenario, Helen-Ng L. C., Ishak I. A., Ghani W. M. N., Marhazlinda J., Norlida A., Rosnah Binti Zain

Prof. Dr. Rosnah Binti Zain

Introduction: The risk of cancer has been extensively investigated with the intake of single food items but food consumption in an individual is usually complex, made up by combinations of different food items. This study aims to identify dietary patterns of Malaysians, and establishing relationship between dietary pattern and oral cancer risk. Methods A hospital-based, case-control study was conducted on 300 Malaysians who seek treatment at participating hospitals between January 2003 and December 2010. The subjects consisted of 150 cases and 150 controls that were matched for gender, age (5 years) and ethnicity. Dietary intake was measured using Food Frequency …

Effects Of Smoking On Oral Cancer Transcriptome, Rosnah Binti Zain, Karen-Ng L. P., Cheong S. C., Anwar A., Mustaffa W. M. W., Prepagaran N., Zaini Z., Merican A. F., Abraham M. T., Tay K. K., Rahman Z. A. A., Jallaludin A.

Prof. Dr. Rosnah Binti Zain

Introduction: Oral cancer is a debilitating disease and the survival rates for these patients have not improved over the past decades. Tobacco smoking is one of the most common risk factor associated with oral cancer. Objectives: To explore and identify differential genes expression associated with tobacco smoking. Methodology: Next generation sequencing using the Illumina Genome Analyzer was done to sequence five fresh frozen oral cancer tissue samples from smoking patients, two of which were former smoker and an additional 8 samples consisting of normal oral mucosal tissues from the alveolar mucosa of non-cancer patients where 4 were smokers and another …

Combined Effects Of Isothiocyanates (Itcs) Intake, Glutathione S-Transferases (Gsts) Polymorphism And Risk Habits On Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Oscc) Associated With Earlier Age Of Disease Onset, Karen-Ng L. P., Marhazlinda J., Rahman Z. A. A., Abraham M. T., Cheong S. C., Rosnah Binti Zain

Prof. Dr. Rosnah Binti Zain

Introduction: ITCs found in cruciferous vegetables has been reported to reduce cancer risk by inducing phase II conjugating enzymes, in particular GSTs. Interestingly, these enzymes also metabolize ITCs therefore; the protective effects of ITCs would depend on the activity of GSTs. This study aimed to determine association between dietary ITCs, GSTs polymorphisms and risk habits (cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and betel-quid chewing) with oral cancer.Method: Included in this study were 115 OSCC patients and 116 healthy subjects. Information on ITC intake from cruciferous vegetables was collected via a semi-quantitative FFQ. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were obtained for genotyping of GSTM1, GSTT1 …

Association Between Retinol And Vitamin C With The Risk Of Oral Cancer - A Case-Control Study, Vimmitra A., Razak I. A., Helen-Ng L. C., Ghani W. M. N., Abdullah N., Rosnah Binti Zain

Prof. Dr. Rosnah Binti Zain

Introduction: Dietary intake has been hypothesized to be associated with various diseases including oral cancer. According to studies worldwide, imbalanced diet and nutrient deficiency have been attributed to promote oral malignancies. However, the function of specific nutrients in preventing oral cancer remains largely undefined. This study aims to investigate the association between intake of retinol and vitamin C with the risk of oral cancer. Materials and methods: Dietary intake data was collected from 8 participating hospitals throughout Malaysia using a validated foodfrequency questionnaire (FFQ). Intake of retinol and vitamin C were computed using the Nutriemart software. This case-control study included …

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 (Aldh2) And Glutathione S-Transferase M1 (Gstm1) Polymorphisms In Relation To Oral Cancer Risk Among Malaysians, Karen-Ng L. P., Ghani W. M. N., Vimmitra A., Yuen K. M., Tan H. S., Lim S. J., Abraham M. T., Rahman Z. A. A., Tay K. K., Mustafa W. M. W., Jalil N., Norlida A., Cheong S. C., Rosnah Binti Zain

Prof. Dr. Rosnah Binti Zain

Introduction: ALDH2 is an enzyme involved in major oxidative pathway of alcohol metabolism while GSTM1 is a drug-metabolizing enzyme of acetaldehyde. It has been reported that the mutant ALDH2 allele and the absence of GSTM1 contributes to increased oral cancer risk due to reduced acetaldehyde metabolism. This study aims to determine ALDH2 and GSTM1 polymorphisms and its association with oral cancer risk. Method: An unmatched case-control study was conducted using 163 oral cancer patients and 87 non-cancer subjects selected from the OCRCC database. ALDH2 and GSTM1 genotypes were determined using PCR-RFLP from peripheral blood. Multiple logistic regression was employed to …

Activity Of Epithelial Defensin Hbd-3 Against A Periodontal Pathogen, Norman B. Fine

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Defensins are cationic (positive-charged) peptides with broad-spectrum antibiotic activity. In humans, there are two types of defensins, alpha (α) and beta (β). Human neutrophils contain four α-defensins known as Human Neutrophil Peptide (HNP) 1-4. Epithelial cells produce four β-defensins known as Human Beta Defensin (HBD) 1-4. Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria that are associated with periodontal disease are resistant to human α-defensins, but are killed by β-defensins.

HBD-3 is the most active β-defensin. HBD-3 is a longer peptide than HNP 1-4. HBD-3 has additional amino acid residues with hydrophobic side chains near the N-terminus and residues with cationic side chains at the …

Inhibition Of Monocyte Chemotaxis And Chemokine Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1 Alpha, And Interleukin-8 Secretion By Lipopolysaccharide Isolated From Periodontal Pathogens, Andrew Karl Gray

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

The vast majority of periodontal pathogens are classified as gram negative bacteria. These bacteria have an outermost membrane consisting of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a molecule that can act as an endotoxin and elicit an immune response. The lipopolysaccharide structure consists of three major regions: oligosaccharide, core, and lipid A. Oligosaccharide is exposed on the cell surface, and lipid A anchors LPS in the outer membrane. LPS has been known to hinder certain defensive mechanisms of the immune system by secreting products that interfere with signals that promote chemotaxis of leukocytes enabling the pathogens to go unrestricted. When LPS binds to the …