Dentistry Commons^™

Assessment Of Changes In The Size Of Periapical Radiolucencies 3-12 Months Post Non-Surgical Root Canal Treatment Using Cbct Imaging: A Pilot Study, Jeremy W. Fike Dds

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to assess the changes in size of periapical lesions 3-12 months following root canal treatment using CBCT. Patients who had non-surgical root canal therapy (NSRCT) or non-surgical retreatment (ReTx) from July 30,2014 to August 19, 2015 with a periapical lesion of endodontic origin and received NSRCT or ReTx and had a pre-treatment or intra-treatment CBCT were invited to participate. Volumetric and linear measurements of periapical lesions on initial and post- treatment CBCT images were performed. A total of 20 patients with 23 treated teeth with 30 separate periapical radiolucent lesions returned for follow up …

The Study Of The Regulon Of Oxyr In Escherichia Coli And Porphyromonas Gingivalis, Christopher K. Pham

Theses and Dissertations

The facultative anaerobe, Escherichia coli and the obligate anaerobe, Porphyromonas gingivalis are two bacteria that reside in our body. Although they reside in separate environments, they are both subject to hydrogen peroxide stress and have mechanisms to regulate the stress. OxyR is the primary transcriptional regulator/sensor of oxidative stress response caused by hydrogen peroxide. OxyR in P. gingivalis is not well-characterized compared to OxyR in E. coli. We sought to characterize and compare the two forms of OxyR in order to gain a better understanding of the protein. We determined the oligomeric state of both proteins: primarily a tetramer for …

The Effects Of Amixicile, A Pyruvate Ferredoxin Oxidoreductase Inhibitor, On Oral Treponemes, Lucas A. Reed

Theses and Dissertations

Periodontal disease (PD) is a polymicrobial infection characterized by inflammation of the gingiva, alveolar bone resorption, and tooth loss (edentulism). Treponema denticola along with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia are among the “Red Complex” and are main etiological agents in PD. Treponemes are a member of the Spirochaeta phylum and are obligate anaerobes, that express pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR). The enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and reduced ferredoxin. Amixicile is a novel bacteriostatic derivative of nitazoxanide and an inhibitor of PFOR. In light of the fact that Treponemes express PFOR, this study was conducted to investigate the …

Social Determinants Of Participation In A Home Visitation Fluoride Varnish Program, James E. Puryear, Tegwyn Brickhouse, Caroline Carrico

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the social determinants of CHIP (Child Health Investment Partnership) of Roanoke Valley children who participated in the preventive oral health program compared to those who did not.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of children (n=2,425) enrolled in CHIP of Roanoke Valley from September 2008-September 2014. Bivariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression models were used to compare age, gender, race, locality, parents’ education level, age at enrollment, and length of enrollment for oral health program participants versus those who did not participate.

Results: Children who were Hispanic …

Involvement Of Signal Peptidase I In Streptococcus Sanguinis Biofilm Formation, Jessica Aynapudi

Theses and Dissertations

Biofilm accounts for 65%-80% of microbial infections in humans. Considerable evidence links biofilm formation to oral disease and consequently systemic infections. Eradication of biofilm-associated infections is important. Streptococcus sanguinis, a Gram-positive bacterium, is one of the most abundant species in oral biofilm. It contributes to biofilm development in oral cavities and is one of the recognized causes of infective endocarditis. To study and identify biofilm genes in S. sanguinis, biofilm formation of 51 mutants was compared with the wild type SK36 strain using crystal violet (CV) staining in a microtiter plate. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and image analysis was …

Serum Vitamin D, Pth, And Calcium Levels In Patients With And Without Early Childhood Caries, Susan A. Meinerz, Harmeet Chiang, Peter C. Moon, Lorin M. Bachmann, Tegwyn Brickhouse, Al M. Best, Tiffany Williams

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose was to determine differences in serum vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and calcium levels between patients with early childhood caries (ECC) and patients without dental decay.

Materials and Methods: Serum vitamin D, PTH, and calcium levels were obtained from 30 children without dental decay who acted as controls and 60 children with ECC. A questionnaire was filled out by the parent/guardian of each participant consisting of questions regarding medical and dental history, exposure to sources of vitamin D and demographic information.

Results: The difference in the vitamin D levels of the participants was most …

Analysis Of Radiographic Changes Associated With The Periradicular Diagnosis Of Symptomatic Apical Periodontitis, Preeti Batra

Theses and Dissertations

Symptomatic apical periodontitis (SAP) is indicative of inflammation of the periodontal ligament. It may or may not be accompanied by radiographic changes and may occur with vital or necrotic pulpal diagnosis. Purpose of this study was to analyze clinical and radiographic presentations of SAP in a retrospective electronic dental chart and digital radiograph review utilizing the endodontic diagnostic template note of predoctoral dental school patients presenting with SAP. The aim was to determine prevalence of periapical radiolucencies (PARLs) in SAP, association of SAP to pulpal diagnosis, and define associated radiographic changes. Most prevalent pulpal diagnosis with SAP was symptomatic irreversible …

Perception Of Differences In Lip Profile Between 2-D And 3-D, Andrew Hansen

Theses and Dissertations

Past studies evaluating the esthetics of orthodontic treatment have been done using 2-D images. New 3-D imaging offers an improved, real-life representation of a subject. The purpose of this study was to determine how laypeople perceived differences in lip position (flat versus ideal lip fullness) in 2-D compared to 3-D.

3dMD images of 8 Caucasian subjects were adjusted to an ideal and flat lip position in 3-D and then in 2-D from the profile view. 2 surveys were created with paired ideal and flat images on the screen, either in 2-D or 3-D, and evaluators were asked to choose which …

Perception Of Profile Appearance As Judged By Peers Using 3d Video Imaging, Megan G. Schuler

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the social perceptions of subjects with differing lip position and facial convexity in three dimensions. A 3dMD camera (3dMD, Atlanta, GA) was used to capture 3D images of 9 subjects’ faces. The images were altered to have ideal lip position and ideal convexity, ideal lip position and Class II convexity, Class II lip position and ideal convexity, and Class II lip position and Class II convexity. 400 laypersons rated their perceptions of the subjects’ athletic ability, popularity, leadership, and intelligence on a VAS scale. Subjects with ideal lip position relative to the …

Comparison Of Treatment Management Between Orthodontists And General Practitioners Performing Clear Aligner Therapy, Alexandra D. Best

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in case confidence, treatment management, and Invisalign® expertise between orthodontists and general dentists. A survey was mailed to 1,000 randomly selected orthodontists and general dentists, respectively, who are Invisalign® providers, and results were analyzed. The results indicated that orthodontists treated significantly more Invisalign® cases and received more Invisalign® training than general dentists (P

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture In Association With Systemic And Local Factors As Potential Predictors Of Implant Failure, Diego A. Camacho Dmd

Theses and Dissertations

Clinicians have described the success rates of dental implants. The use of implants is projected to increase in the future. With a 5-10% failure rate, it is unclear the exact factors that are associated with implant failures. To improve upon these success rates, it is critical to understand parameters associated with implant failure including: periodontitis, peri-implantitis, systemic diseases, site preparation, dental history of the implant site, bone quality, materials, occlusion, and treatment timelines. While bone quality is associated with failure, objective measures to assess bone quality and characteristics are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine whether …

Twitter Analysis Of The Orthodontic Patient Experience With Braces Versus Invisalign, Daniel A. Noll

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the orthodontic patient experience with braces compared to Invisalign^® by means of a large-scale Twitter sentiment analysis. A custom data collection program was created to collect tweets containing the words “braces” or “Invisalign.” A hierarchal Naïve Bayes sentiment classifier was developed to sort the tweets into one of five categories: positive, negative, neutral, advertisement, or not applicable. Among the 419,363 tweets applicable to orthodontics collected, users posted significantly more positive tweets (61%) than negative tweets (39%) (p-value = ^® tweets (p-value=0.4189). In conclusion, Twitter users express more positive than negative sentiment …

Aadej Comm 47 1 2016

AADEJ - The Communicator

The Communicator is the official journal of the American Association of Dental Editors and Journalists (AADEJ). It is published quarterly, distributed digitally via email to members, and posted on the Association's website, AADEJ.org. Each issue includes regular updates from the editorial team and AADEJ board, as well as feature articles on current issues in the field.

Aadej Comm 47 2 2016

AADEJ - The Communicator

The Communicator is the official journal of the American Association of Dental Editors and Journalists (AADEJ). It is published quarterly, distributed digitally via email to members, and posted on the Association's website, AADEJ.org. Each issue includes regular updates from the editorial team and AADEJ board, as well as feature articles on current issues in the field.

Incorporation Of Interprofessional Education And Special Care Dentistry Into Standard Dental School Curriculum, Marshall D. Adzima

UROP Posters

According to dentistry, special needs is defined as individuals whose medical, physical, psychological, or social situations may make it necessary to modify normal dental routines in order to provide dental treatment for that individual. The population of special needs patients is increasing. The lack of educated professionals in special care dentistry is leading to severe and untreated systemic and oral health problems in the special needs population. The implementation of interprofessional treatment for special needs individuals has proven to be the most effective method of treatment within the special needs population. This study examines the current application of special care …

Three-Dimensional Age-Related Changes Of The Adult Male Face, Catherine Haynie Haynie

All ETDs from UAB

Objectives: The adult population is a fast growing subgroup of orthodontic practices. The facial soft tissues of adults are different from adolescents, and there is significant sexual dimorphism in the aging of facial soft tissue. It is imperative for the orthodontist to understand how aging effects the soft tissues of the face, and to know how male and females differ in this process. The objectives of this study include: 1.) Identification of trends in facial aging among a Caucasian male and African American male sample utilizing three-dimensional surface imaging technology. 2.) Comparison of the aging effects between the Caucasian and …

Cleaning Protocol For Implant Abutment Screws, Rocio Barocio Torano

All ETDs from UAB

Aim: To develop a time and cost effective cleaning protocol for implant abutment screws that are used throughout the fabrication of an implant restoration in the dental laboratory. Materials and Methods: Ninety (90) implant abutment screws (Biohorizons PXAS®) were collected from different dental laboratories after abutment milling and restoration fabrication. Seventy five (75) of these screws were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=15). Each group was cleaned for 1, 5, and 10 minutes in an ultrasonic cleaner and all screws were observed under 40x magnification before and after cleaning. Any debris was collected and weighed by using paper filters. The …

A Comparison Of Soft Tissue Topographical Norms For The Local Ethnic People Of Zimbabwe And African American Norms Based On 3dmd Soft Tissue Photography, Elvin Bhaskar

All ETDs from UAB

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to determine the soft tissue topographical norms for the local ethnic people of Zimbabwe and compare them with the African American norms based on 3dMD soft tissue photography. The rationale for the study is to evaluate how the soft tissue drape over the facial skeleton correlates with the different soft tissue analysis widely available today. This study seeks to establish an average base on which clinicians can treat people according to their cultural esthetic perceptions. Previous reported studies only evaluate small numbers of populations and it is well known that different races and …

Retention Of Cad/Cam Crowns Luted With A Novel Biomimetic Cement, Nan Xiang

All ETDs from UAB

Objectives: To measure the tensile strength of e.max copings cemented with resin, calcium silicate and calcium phosphate cements following thermocycling. Methods: 40 extracted non-carious mandibular premolar teeth were examined and selected using Keyence microscope for no carious cracks etc.were mounted in acrylic. The teeth were placed in a lathe and prepared to uniform dimensions (22° total taper) using a flat-end tapered diamond bur (846.11.025HP, Brasseler) and a 3mm preparation height. The surface area of the prepared surface was calculated with digital microscopy. The teeth were scanned with a Cerec 3 (Sirona) digital scanner. E.max crowns were milled using Cerec 3 …

Three-Dimensional Facial Morphological Changes From Adolescence To Adulthood In Caucasian And African American Populations, Matthew Davis

All ETDs from UAB

The purpose of this cross sectional retrospective study was to use three dimensional surface imaging to determine gender dimorphism and facial morphological changes from adolescence to adulthood in African American and Caucasian populations. Materials and Methods: Three-dimensional images were captured using a laser scanner (Minolta Vivid VI900) and a stereophotogrammatic camera system (3dMDfaceTM). The total sample size included 371 subjects, including the following: 107 African-American adolescents 10–13 years of age, 100 African-American adults 19–30 years of age, 64 Caucasian adolescents 10–13 years of age, and 100 Caucasian adults 18–30 years of age. All subjects had normal body mass index, no …