Chemicals and Drugs Commons^™

Exploring The Potential Of Oncolytic Viruses As A Novel Therapeutic Approach For Breast Cancer Treatment, Renad Alsayyad, Claudia M. Tellez Freitas

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Silencing Faf2 Mitigates Alcohol-Induced Hepatic Steatosis By Modulating Lipolysis And Pcsk9 Pathway, Nazmul Huda, Praveen Kusumanchi, Yanchao Jiang, Hui Gao, Themis Thoudam, Ge Zeng, Nicholas J. Skill, Zhaoli Sun, Suthat Liangpunsakul, Jing Ma, Zhihong Yang

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Chronic alcohol consumption leads to lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, cellular damage, and inflammation in the liver, collectively referred to as alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). FAF2/UBXD8/ETEA (Fas-associated factor 2) is a ubiquitin ligase adaptor protein that plays a crucial role in the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum. A recent genome-wide association study indicated an association between FAF2 and ALD; however, the exact contribution of FAF2 to ALD pathogenesis remains unclear. METHODS: FAF2 was knocked down using AAV-delivered shRNA in C57/BL6 mice. Mice were subjected to a chronic-plus-single binge ethanol feeding (NIAAA) model. Nine hours after gavage, …

Effect Of Steroids On The Progression Of Alzheimer's Dementia: A Retrospective Chart Review., Julijana Zoran Conic, Alexandra Chetty, Lily Chen, Audrey Marsh, Sean Barry, Rodney Pattabhi, Thomas Reske, Erwin Aguilar, Lobna Ali

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objectives: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent age‐related neurodegenerative disease that affects millions of individuals in the United States. Neuroinflammation is a driver of the neurodegenerative changes that characterize AD, prompting interest in how inflammation can be modulated for treatment and prevention. Methods: ICD‐10 codes were quarried from electronic medical records to identify patients diagnosed with AD from 2012 to 2020. The patients were then divided into those who used systemic steroids and those who did not before the progression of their disease. Data on medication prescribed was used to measure the disease's progression. Clinical findings and laboratory results were …

The Unfolding Story Of Protein Misfolding Causing Alzheimer Disease In Recipients Of Human Pituitary Growth Hormone, Evan G. Graber, Sayed M. Hadi Hosseini, Darrell M. Wilson, Alan D. Rogol

Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Faculty Papers

Human growth hormone (hGH) has been in clinical use for children with GH deficiency (GHD) since the late 1950s. The original formulations were considered very safe with few adverse events reported. That changed remarkably in 1985 when the first patients with GHD, who had been treated with cadaveric hGH, were diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Fortunately, that same year a robust supply of recombinant hGH was released to the market whose adverse event profile did not include CJD. Patients who had received National Hormone and Pituitary Program hGH have been continuously followed since 1985. It is clear that prions are …

Aspartame: Is It Truly Safe For Human Consumption?, Zachary Bernstein, Kamran Awan

Annual Research Symposium

Poster Presentation

Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction After Benzathine Penicillin G Treatment In Adults With Early Syphilis: Secondary Analysis Of A Randomized Clinical Trial., Jodie A. Dionne, Chunming Zhu, Jorge Mejia-Galvis, Kimberly Workowski, Teresa A. Batteiger, Julia C. Dombrowski, Kenneth H. Mayer, Candice J. Mcneil, Arlene C. Seña, Stephanie Taylor, Harold C. Wiesenfeld, Matthew M. Hamill, Charlotte Perlowski, Edward W. Hook Iii

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Key Points: Question: What proportion of patients with early syphilis have symptoms of the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (JHR) after treatment with benzathine penicillin G, and what are the associated characteristics? Findings: This prespecified secondary analysis of a multisite US randomized clinical trial found that, among 249 adults with early syphilis, JHR symptoms occurred after benzathine penicillin G treatment in 59 participants (23.7%). Onset of JHR was within 12 hours of treatment for 86.0% of participants, and JHR was associated with successful treatment response, secondary syphilis, and absence of HIV. Meaning: This study suggests that patients treated with benzathine penicillin G for …

Cucumis Melo. L- An Oral Wellness Oasis For The Prevention And Remineralisation Of White Spot Lesions, Gokilla Priya Murugan, Prema Anbarasu, Saravanakumar S, Balaji R

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Investigating The Impact Of Tirzepatide Treatment On Alcohol And Cigarette Consumption, Yvannia Gray, Benjamin Latey, Hayden Mcaffee, Karissa Mccown, Seth Maki, Victoria Nguyen, Andrew Payne

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

A Galleria Mellonella Study: Protective Effects Of Sulforaphane On Immune Function In Binge Alcohol Exposure, Robert Kento Darby, Braydon Black, Vincent Tran, Dallen James, Scott Quimby

Annual Research Symposium

Alcohol is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Pulmonary infections with opportunistic pathogens can occur in healthy humans; however, hazardous alcohol exposure like binge alcohol intoxication (≥ 0.08% BAC) is a major risk factor. We’ve previously investigated the efficacy of Sulforaphane (SFN) prophylaxis in protecting human and murine alveolar macrophage function against opportunistic infections when exposed to binge alcohol conditions in vitro. However, an in vivo model investigating SFN and hazardous alcohol exposure in the context of infection is not well understood. The aim of this study is to 1) establish a G. mellonella larvae model by determining the LD50 …

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Improve Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Outcomes, Brandon Havranek, Rebecca Loh, Beatriz Torre, Rachel Redfield, Dina Halegoua-De Marzio

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Faculty Papers

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease and is associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study aims to investigate the association of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists with major cardiovascular events, clinically significant portal hypertension events, and all-cause mortality in patients with MASLD. A large, population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using the TriNetX platform, which provided real-time access to electronic health records of 634,265 adult patients with MASLD/MASH. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to create two cohorts: A GLP-1 agonists group and a control group without GLP-1 agonists usage. Hazard …

Axl Signaling In Cancer: From Molecular Insights To Targeted Therapies, Monika Yadav, Akansha Sharma, Ketki Patne, Saba Tabasum, Jyoti Suryavanshi, Laxminarayan Rawat, Marc Machaalani, Marc Eid, Rana Singh, Toni Choueiri, Soumitro Pal, Akash Sabarwal

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

AXL, a member of the TAM receptor family, has emerged as a potential target for advanced-stage human malignancies. It is frequently overexpressed in different cancers and plays a significant role in various tumor-promoting pathways, including cancer cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, stemness, DNA damage response, acquired therapeutic resistance, immunosuppression, and inflammatory responses. Beyond oncology, AXL also facilitates viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2 and Zika highlighting its importance in both cancer and virology. In preclinical models, small-molecule kinase inhibitors targeting AXL have shown promising anti-tumorigenic potential. This review primarily focuses on the induction, regulation and biological functions of AXL …

Quantitative Characterization And Prediction Of The Binding Determinants And Immune Escape Hotspots For Groups Of Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies Against Omicron Variants: Atomistic Modeling Of The Sars-Cov-2 Spike Complexes With Antibodies, Mohammed Alshahrani, Vedant Parikh, Brandon Foley, Nishank Raisinghani, Gennady M. Verkhivker

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

A growing body of experimental and computational studies suggests that the cross-neutralization antibody activity against Omicron variants may be driven by the balance and tradeoff between multiple energetic factors and interaction contributions of the evolving escape hotspots involved in antigenic drift and convergent evolution. However, the dynamic and energetic details quantifying the balance and contribution of these factors, particularly the balancing nature of specific interactions formed by antibodies with epitope residues, remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, we performed molecular dynamics simulations, an ensemble-based deep mutational scanning of SARS-CoV-2 spike residues, and binding free energy computations for two distinct groups …

The Application And Innovation Of Casgevy On Sickle Cell Disease, Emily Tackett, Le Thien Truc Pham, Hannah Salamie, Arin Wade, Allison Provenzale, Alexander Defranco, Ashley Jacob, Brianna Lu, Joshua Honaker, Amy Stockert

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Casgevy, sickle cell anemia, SCA, sickle cell disease, SCD, CRISPR/Cas9, hydroxyurea, hemoglobin, Hb, l-glutamine, voxelotor, Crizanlizumab, Lyfgenia, stem cells, genetics, pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenomics

Poor Birth Outcomes Related To Cannabis Use In Pregnancy, Reese Weissenfluh, Madison Hall, Branden Kadlubowski, Makayla Eversole, Elizabeth Clary, Layla Dials, Brenna Hissong, Brianna Lu, Joshua Honaker, Manoranjan D'Souza

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Pregnancy, a period of dynamic physiological changes, necessitates careful consideration of external influences on maternal and fetal health. Despite increasing legalization and prevalence, the impact of cannabis use during gestation remains a topic of significant concern and investigation.

Recent studies have shed light on the consequences of in utero cannabis exposure, encompassing both fetal and maternal outcomes. Notably, several studies have identified associations between cannabis exposure during pregnancy and adverse fetal outcomes, including small-for-gestational-age birth, altered neurodevelopment, preterm birth, and increased risk of neonatal morbidity. Evidence to date underscores the urgent need for education, intervention, and regulatory oversight regarding cannabis …

An Open-Label Study To Determine The Maximum Tolerated Dose Of Oral Esk-440 Administered As A Single Agent In Patients With Advanced Or Metastatic Solid Tumors, Russell J. Schilder, Drew Rasco, Manish R. Sharma

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) dysregulation is implicated in numerous cancers. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting ALK have improved disease outcomes, but resistance mechanisms are common. This first-in-human trial evaluates ESK-440, a dual inhibitor of ALK and focal adhesion kinase, as a novel strategy for cancers with resistance to ALK-targeting TKIs.

METHODS: This phase 1, open-label, dose-finding study evaluated the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of ESK-440 in participants with advanced or metastatic solid tumors (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01922752). A 3 + 3 dose-escalation design, with daily doses ranging from 25 to 700 mg/day of ESK-440 for each 28-day …

Durable Responses To Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Based Regimens For Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Stratified By Imdc Risk Groups: A Pooled Analysis Of Four Randomized Phase 3 Trials, Albert Jang, Jeffrey Y. Zhong, Hamsa L.S. Kumar, Kevin K. Zarrabi, Alec Zhu, Abby L. Grier, Adam Calaway, Jonathan E. Shoag, Laura Bukavina, Angela Y. Jia, Prateek Mendiratta, Iris Y. Sheng, Santosh Rao, Jason R. Brown, Jorge A. Garcia, Seunghee Margevicius, Pingfu Fu, Pedro C. Barata

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Background: An immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) backbone is a standard of care for frontline metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma, involving either ICI doublet or tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with ICI. These phase 3 trials used a sunitinib control arm. The optimal regimen is uncertain. Objective: To compare long-term responders of these trials using extended follow-up data stratified by International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium risk group. Methods: Phase 3 trial data (CheckMate 214, KEYNOTE-426, CheckMate 9ER, and CLEAR) with a minimum follow-up of four years was used. Pseudo individual patient data (IPD) was obtained from Kaplan-Meier curves using the graph …

Insilico Evaluation Of The Therapeutic Effects Of N1-(5-(3-Imino-2,4a-Dihydro-3h-Benzo[F]Chromen-2-Yl)-1,3,4-Thiadiazol-2-Yl)-N10-(5-(3-Imino-3h-Benzo[F]Chromen-2-Yl)-1,3,4-Thiadiazol-2-Yl)Decanediamide As Anti-Hepatitis B And C Agent, Moses M. Edim, Njok N. Okam, Nguuma I. Gber, Jessica E. Egbelo, Israel E. Okon, Chiemerie P. Ogbonna, Emmanuel K. Aidoo, Kenneth N. Chisom, Emmanuel Samuel

Polytechnic Journal

Hepatitis B and C viruses are a major cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, with significantly increasing mortality and morbidity worldwide. This study provides a detailed analysis of the therapeutic effects of N1-(5-(3-imino-2,4a-dihydro-3H-benzo[f]chromen-2-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-N10-(5-(3-imino-3H-benzo[f]chromen-2-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl) decan diamide (PRO_16) as an anti-hepatitis B and C virus. A computational DFT was applied via the ωB97XD method of theory and a basis set of 6-311G++ (2d, 2p) to evaluate the quantum mechanics of the compound. A time-dependent self-consistent field DFT method with the aforementioned functional and basis set was utilized for UV‒visible evaluation. Additionally, a molecular docking technique and ADMET prediction were used to elucidate …

Development And Validation Of Risk Stratification For Heart Failure After Acute Coronary Syndrome Based On Dynamic S100a8/A9 Levels, Jie Ma, Ke Ma, Jing Chen, Xinying Yang, Fei Gao, Hai Gao, Hui Zhang, Xin-Liang Ma, Jie Du, Ping Li, Yulin Li

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The early assessment of heart failure (HF) risk in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) can help reduce mortality. S100A8/A9 is not only rapidly released after myocardial ischemia, but is also involved in reperfusion injury, which is an important predictor of HF after ACS. We attempted to construct a reliable HF risk stratification tool for evaluating patients with ACS after reperfusion therapy based on S100A8/A9 dynamic changes.

METHODS AND RESULTS: This prospective study included 3 independent cohorts of patients with ACS who received reperfusion therapy. The discovery cohort was divided into 2 subgroups: the longitudinal subgroup (n=264) with serum …

Mouse Adrenal Macrophages Are Associated With Pre- And Postsynaptic Neuronal Elements And Respond To Multiple Neuromodulators, Matthew D. Whim

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The adrenal medulla is packed with chromaffin cells, modified postganglionic sympathetic neurons that secrete the catecholamines, epinephrine and norepinephrine, during the fight-or-flight response. Sometimes overlooked is a population of immune cells that also resides within the gland but whose distribution and function are not clear. Here I examine the location of CD45+ hematopoietic cells in the mouse adrenal medulla and show the majority are F4/80+/Lyz2+ macrophages. These cells are present from early postnatal development and widely distributed. Anatomically they are associated with chromaffin cells, found aligned alongside synapsin-IR neuronal varicosities and juxtaposed to CD31-IR blood vessels. Using Lyz2cre-GCaMP6f mice to …

February 2025, Swosu Rural Health Center

RURAL ROCKS

This is the February 2025 issue of Rural Rocks from the SWOSU College of Pharmacy.