The Role Of Ppal In The Moss Physcomitrella Patens.,
2019
University of Louisville
The Role Of Ppal In The Moss Physcomitrella Patens., Noela M. Botaka
College of Arts & Sciences Senior Theses
Protein prenylation is a post-translational modification that involves the addition of lipid groups to the carboxy end of a target protein and is necessary for protein activity. Prenylation has important roles in the cell: targeting and localizing proteins to subcellular compartments and promoting protein-protein interactions. As a highly conserved process in eukaryotes, prenylation is especially important for plant development. In contrast to other eukaryotes, in which loss of prenylation components can be lethal, in the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana and the moss Physcomitrella patens, most are viable. Prior studies have shown that prenylation is involved in ABA hormone responses, …
Understanding Neglect Of Plant Biology Education In Michigan Middle Schools,
2019
Northern Michigan University
Understanding Neglect Of Plant Biology Education In Michigan Middle Schools, Kim Smith
All NMU Master's Theses
The purpose of this study was to identify historical trends of neglect in plant biology education, their continuation today in Michigan middle school classrooms, and to uncover reasons for this neglect. A content analysis of state and national science standards and an online survey of Michigan middle school life science teachers were conducted. Findings showed a trend of increasing references in national standards from animals or plants to general organisms, as well as a decrease in the overall number of specific references in the standards. The data also revealed that nearly half of the teachers surveyed spent less than ten …
Use Of Annual Forage Mixtures In Crop/Livestock Production Systems In Nebraska,
2019
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Use Of Annual Forage Mixtures In Crop/Livestock Production Systems In Nebraska, Nathan Paul Pflueger
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Success of integrating annual forages into crop and livestock systems throughout Nebraska may be variable depending on field location, field/forage crop management, and precipitation. There are many different warm- and cool-season annual forage species available for integrating crop and livestock systems at different times of the year. Mixtures of cereal species, such as oats (Avena sativa)) and spring peas (Pisum sativum)), are often used to optimize forage quantity and forage quality. Our two-year, three location study across Nebraska’s precipitation gradient suggested that forage quantity and quality may vary by location due to different precipitation amounts received …
Effect Of Soil-Applied Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitor Herbicides On Soybean Seedling Disease,
2019
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Effect Of Soil-Applied Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitor Herbicides On Soybean Seedling Disease, Nicholas J. Arneson
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Seedling disease is one the most economically important diseases of soybean in the United States. It is commonly caused by Fusarium spp., Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium spp., and Phytophthora sojae, alone, or together as a disease complex. Fungicide seed treatments continue to provide the most consistent management of seedling diseases. Soil-applied protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitor herbicides are used preemergence in soybean production to manage several broadleaf weeds. Applications of PPO-inhibitors can result in phytotoxic injury to soybean when environmental conditions are not favorable for soybean growth. These environmental conditions can favor seedling disease development as well. In this thesis, two …
Dna Barcoding Of Pratylenchus From Agroecosystems In The Northern Great Plains Of North America,
2019
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Dna Barcoding Of Pratylenchus From Agroecosystems In The Northern Great Plains Of North America, Mehmet Ozbayrak
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Pratylenchus species are among the most common plant parasitic nematodes in the Great Plains Region. The objectives of this study were to barcode Pratylenchus specimens for species identification in the Great Plains region using mitochondrial CO1 DNA barcode. In order to (1) determine species boundaries, (2) assess the host associations of barcoded Pratylenchus, (3) to determine the distribution patterns across the Great Plains Region and, (4) to evaluate the species status of P. scribneri and P. hexincisus by a multivariate morphological analysis of haplotype groups identified by DNA barcoding. Soil samples, primarily associated with eight major crops, were collected …
Establishment Of Perennial Legumes With An Annual Warm-Season Grass As A Companion Crop,
2019
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Establishment Of Perennial Legumes With An Annual Warm-Season Grass As A Companion Crop, Martina N. La Vallie
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
The yields of perennial forage legumes are often hindered during the establishment year due to slow germination rates and weed competition. This study was conducted to determine if sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor x S. bicolor var. sudanese) is a compatible annual companion crop for increased forage production, weed suppression, and legume establishment. In 2016, sorghum-sudangrass was paired with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. ‘Ranger’), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), Illinois bundleflower [Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacMill. ex B.L. Rob. & Fernald], purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea Vent.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), and roundhead lespedeza (Lespedeza capitata Michx.). We studied effects of a …
It’S Not Easy Being Green: A Study Of The Chemical Phenology Of The Eastern Hemlock Throughout A Growing Season,
2019
University of Rhode Island
It’S Not Easy Being Green: A Study Of The Chemical Phenology Of The Eastern Hemlock Throughout A Growing Season, Nick Houseman, Evan Preisser
Senior Honors Projects
Phenology is the study of seasonally timed developmental events that are driven by environmental cues. Phenolic compounds and terpenoids are the two main classes of secondary metabolites present in conifer needles, and speaking generally, they correlate with needle age. Understanding the phenology of secondary metabolites is important, since variation in these compounds can affect a tree’s resistance to pest and pathogen attack. Terpenoids function in a wide array of ecological processes vital to conifer survival, including regulating forest dynamics through allelopathic inhibition of seed germination, altering rates of soil nutrient cycling and nitrification, and conferring resistance to pathogenic fungi and …
The Effects Of Gibberellic Acid And Auxin Hormones On Heliotropism In Sunflowers,
2019
Chapman University
The Effects Of Gibberellic Acid And Auxin Hormones On Heliotropism In Sunflowers, Brandon Bernardo, Hagop S. Atamian
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
Sunflowers are one of many different plant species that are able to track and face the sun in order to optimize the amount of sunlight they are exposed to. This process of orienting towards the sun is called Heliotropism. Sunflowers are able to effectively orient themselves towards the sun because the growth rate on the East and West side of the stem alternates depending on the time of day. At dawn, the East facing stem will grow at a faster rate than the West facing side, resulting in the flower orienting towards the West. This alternating and uneven growth is …
Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus Alters The Transcriptome Of Its Vector,
Wheat Curl Mite (Aceria Tosichella Keifer), To Enhance Mite
Development And Population Expansion,
2019
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus Alters The Transcriptome Of Its Vector, Wheat Curl Mite (Aceria Tosichella Keifer), To Enhance Mite Development And Population Expansion, Adarsh K. Gupta, Erin D. Scully, Nathan A. Palmer, Scott M. Geib, Gautam Sarath, Gary L. Hein, Satyanarayana Tatineni
Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications
Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV; genus Tritimovirus; family Potyviridae) is an economically important wheat virus that is transmitted by the wheat curl mite (WCM; Aceria tosichella Keifer) in a persistent manner. Virus–vector coevolution may potentially influence vector gene expression to prolong viral association and thus increase virus transmission efficiency and spread. To understand the transcriptomic responses of WCM to WSMV, RNA sequencing was performed to assemble and analyse transcriptomes of WSMV viruliferous and aviruliferous mites. Among 7291 de novo-assembled unigenes, 1020 were differentially expressed between viruliferous and aviruliferous WCMs using edgeR at a false discovery rate 0.05. Differentially expressed unigenes …
Perubahan Karakter Biokimia Dan Fisiologi Tanaman Kacang Hijau Pada Berbagai Kondisi Cekaman Kekeringan,
2019
Departemen Agroteknologi Fak. Pertanian, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Purwokerto
Perubahan Karakter Biokimia Dan Fisiologi Tanaman Kacang Hijau Pada Berbagai Kondisi Cekaman Kekeringan, Purwanto, Bambang Rudianto Wijonarko, Tarjoko
Jurnal Kultivasi
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji respons fisiologi dan biokimia tanaman kacang hijau terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Screen House Exfarm Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Purwokerto dari bulan Maret sampai dengan Oktober 2018. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan pola faktorial 3 x 3. Faktor pertama yang dicoba adalah tingkat kelengasan tanah, yakni kadar air kapasitas lapang sebagai kontrol, 75% kapasitas lapang, dan 50% kapasitas lapang. Faktor kedua adalah varietas unggul kacang hijau yang terdiri dari Varietas Vima 2, varietas Vima 3, dan Varietas Kutilang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cekaman kekeringan sampai 50 persen kapasitas …
Model Gge Biplot Untuk Visualisasi Interaksi Genotip (G) X Naungan (E) Pada Jagung Toleran Naungan Pada Sistem Agroforestri,
2019
Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas
Model Gge Biplot Untuk Visualisasi Interaksi Genotip (G) X Naungan (E) Pada Jagung Toleran Naungan Pada Sistem Agroforestri, Muhammad Syafii, Dedi Ruswandi
Jurnal Kultivasi
Jagung adalah serealia penting di Indonesia yang bernilai ekonomis dan strategis untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku pangan (food), pakan (feed), dan minyak (fuel). Varietas jagung yang toleran terhadap intensitas naungan merupakan solusi tepat untuk meningkatkan produksi jagung melalui pemanfaatan lahan agroforestri. GGE biplot adalah model untuk visualisasi dan interpretasi data hasil pengujian genotipe pada lingkungan berbeda. Visualisasi aspek genotipe (G) dan lingkungan (E), dan hubungan keduanya (GXE) digambarkan sebagai biplot. Tujuan adalah untuk seleksi genotipe jagung toleran naungan pada sistem agroforestri. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Maret-Agustus 2014 di Kebun Percobaan Cimalaka Sumedang menggunakan Split Plot Design diulang 2 kali. Data dianalisis …
Pengaruh Perlakuan Ethyl Methanesulphonate Terhadap Perkecambahan Dan Pertumbuhan Kentang Granola (Biji),
2019
Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran
Pengaruh Perlakuan Ethyl Methanesulphonate Terhadap Perkecambahan Dan Pertumbuhan Kentang Granola (Biji), Hanifah Nuraeni Suteja, Neni Rostini, Suseno Amien
Jurnal Kultivasi
Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi pengaruh ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kentang Granola dari biji botani dan memperoleh konsentrasi efektif untuk mendapatkan mutan berdaya hasil tinggi. Percobaan dilakukan dalam dua tahap. Tahap pertama dilakukan di laboratorium kultur jaringan BALITSA, Lembang, yang terdiri dari tahap perlakuan EMS pada biji dengan konsentrasi 0,01%; 0,03%; 0,05%; 0,07%; 0,10%; 0,13%; 0,15%; 0,17%; dan 0,20%; selama 3 dan 6 jam, penanaman biji pada media kultur MS, perbanyakan planlet dan pengamatan planlet. Tahap kedua dilakukan di rumah kasa di Pangalengan yang terdiri dari tahapan aklimatisasi menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 14 perlakuan EMS yang diulang 3 …
Perbaikan Keragaan Bibit Jeruk Pamelo Tanpa Biji Dengan Strangulasi Dan Aplikasi Beberapa Dosis Dari Dua Zpt Bap Dan 2,4-D,
2019
Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi
Perbaikan Keragaan Bibit Jeruk Pamelo Tanpa Biji Dengan Strangulasi Dan Aplikasi Beberapa Dosis Dari Dua Zpt Bap Dan 2,4-D, Wahyu Fikrinda, I Made Indra Agastya
Jurnal Kultivasi
Pamelo memiliki prospek yang baik untuk dikembangkan karena buahnya berukuran besar dan memiliki rasa yang segar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari aplikasi strangulasi dan ZPT terbaik dalam merangsang pertumbuhan vegetatif untuk perbaikan keragaan bibit pamelo tanpa biji. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai Juli 2018 di rumah plastik, Laboratorium Agroteknologi, dan Laboratorium Biologi UNITRI, Malang. Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan dua faktor digunakan pada penelitian ini. Faktor pertama adalah strangulasi ganda dengan jarak antar kawat yang berbeda yaitu 10 cm, dan 15 cm, sedangkan faktor kedua adalah dosis dan jenis zat pengatur tumbuh yang berbeda yaitu tanpa ZPT, BAP …
Flowering, Drought, And Disease Tolerance, And Landscape Performance Of Landscape Rose Grown Under Low-Input Conditions In North Central Texas,
2019
Texas A&M University-Commerce
Flowering, Drought, And Disease Tolerance, And Landscape Performance Of Landscape Rose Grown Under Low-Input Conditions In North Central Texas, Derald A. Harp, Gaye Hammond, David C. Zlesak, Greg Church, Mark Chamblee, Steve George
Faculty Publications
Landscaping today involves the struggle to balance aesthetically pleasing plants while minimizing the impact on the environment, reducing water usage, decreasing fertilizer use, and eliminating or significantly reducing pesticide usage. Roses (Rosa sp.), although seen as challenging plants, remain the most popular flowering shrub in the United States. The identification of new cultivars that combine beauty, pest and disease resistance, and drought tolerance are important to Texas landscapes. Sixty roses were assessed over a 3-year period to determine flowering, drought tolerance, disease resistance, and overall landscape performance in minimal-input gardens in north central Texas. Atypical weather during the study …
Response Of Sorghum Enhanced In Monolignol Biosynthesis To Stalk Rot Pathogens,
2019
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Response Of Sorghum Enhanced In Monolignol Biosynthesis To Stalk Rot Pathogens, Deanna L. Funnell-Harris, Scott E. Sattler, Patrick M. O'Neill, Tammy Gries, Hannah M. Tetreault, Thomas E. Clemente
Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications
To increase phenylpropanoid constituents and energy content in the versatile C4 grass sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench), sorghum genes for protiens related to monolignol biosynthesis were overexpressed: SbMyb60 (transcriptional activator), SbPAL (phenylalanine ammonia ase), Bmr2 (4-coumarate: CoA ligase), and SbC3H (coumaroyl shikimate 3-hydroxylase). Overexpression lines were evaluted for responses to stalk pahtogens under greenhouse and field conditions. Greenhouse-grown plants were inoculated with Fusarium thapsinum (Fusarium stalk rot) and Macrophomia phaseolina (charocal rot), which cause yield-reducing diseases. F. thapsinum-inoculated overexpression plants had mean lesion lengths not significantly different than wild-type, except for significantly smaller lesions on two of three SbMyb60 and …
Combating Drug Resistance - Comparison Of The Antibiotic Effect Of Hydrastis Canadensis Extract And Pure Berberine Via Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Assay,
2019
Southern Adventist University
Combating Drug Resistance - Comparison Of The Antibiotic Effect Of Hydrastis Canadensis Extract And Pure Berberine Via Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Assay, William Luke Scott, Timothy D. Trott
Research in Biology
Herbal medicines are a melee of complex organic chemicals, making it difficult to ascertain their direct mechanism of action. In contrast to mainstream pharmaceuticals, it is argued that herbal medicines are effective because of multiple constituents working synergistically. The complexity of herbal medicines may give them advantages over simpler pharmaceuticals in combating antibiotic resistant microbes, but these advantages can be difficult to quantitate. Popular literature frequently espouses the healing properties of herbal medicines, but many of these claims are not scientifically supported. Many gains could be realized in public health and medicine if more research was aimed at validating / …
Pollinator Visitation Frequency Associated With Native And Non-Native Plants In A Mid-Atlantic Piedmont (Usa) Urban Garden,
2019
Randolph-Macon College
Pollinator Visitation Frequency Associated With Native And Non-Native Plants In A Mid-Atlantic Piedmont (Usa) Urban Garden, Nicholas J. Ruppel, Saunders M. Riley, Ellis D. Mumford, Barbara L. Swedo
Virginia Journal of Science
The recent focus on the importance of native plants and their pollinators has highlighted the critical role of local species in their natural environment. As urban encroachment, climate change, and invasive species continues to threaten native habitats, it is increasingly important to promote the use of local green spaces as refugia for native plants and their pollinators. The aim of this project, therefore, was to identify and assess the visitation frequency of insect pollinators associated with an urban setting within the Piedmont region of Virginia, and compare their association with native versus closely-related but non-native summer-flowering plants. Several modes of …
Effects Of Increased Precipitation On The Life History Of Spring- And Autumn-Germinated Plants Of The Cold Desert Annual Erodium Oxyrhynchum (Geraniaceae),
2019
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Effects Of Increased Precipitation On The Life History Of Spring- And Autumn-Germinated Plants Of The Cold Desert Annual Erodium Oxyrhynchum (Geraniaceae), Yanfeng Chen, Xiang Shi, Lingwei Zhang, Jerry M. Baskin, Carol C. Baskin, Huiliang Liu, Daoyuan Zhang
Biology Faculty Publications
Future increased precipitation in cold desert ecosystems may impact annual/ephemeral plant species that germinate in both spring and autumn. Our primary aim was to compare the life history characteristics of plants from spring-germinating (SG) and autumn-germinating (AG) seeds of Erodium oxyrhynchum. Plants in field plots with simulated increases in precipitation of 0, 30 and 50 % in spring and summer were monitored to determine seedling survival, phenology, plant size, seed production and biomass accumulation and allocation. Germination characteristics were determined in the laboratory for seeds produced by plants in all increased precipitation treatments. Increased precipitation in spring significantly improved survival …
Genome-Wide Association Studies In Maize And Sorghum,
2019
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Genome-Wide Association Studies In Maize And Sorghum, Preston Hurst
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Genome-wide association studies are used to identify genetic variants associated with a particular phenotype. GWAS has been used in a variety of taxa, from humans, to fish to plants . The present analysis is focused on two species important to the human species: maize and sorghum. A GWAS in maize was carried out on the modification of the Ga1-s allele. The Ga1 locus has long been studied as being involved in a unilateral crossing barrier . However, it has long been suspected that the locus is modified by background genetic factors . GWAS was used to observe candidates for this …
Nutrient Management Suggestions For Corn,
2019
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Nutrient Management Suggestions For Corn, Charles A. Shapiro, Richard Ferguson, Charles S. Wortmann, Bijesh Maharjan, Brian T. Krienke
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Fertilizer nutrient requirements for corn are based on expected yield and soil nutrient availability. The preplant nitrogen (N) recommendation equation, with adjustment for fertilizer cost and time of application, is retained from the previous edition of this publication. Suggestions for in-season nitrogen decisions are briefly outlined. The major change is providing a phosphorus (P) recommendation based on yield history with an implied intent to build and maintain soil test P above the critical level, which has not changed.
