Botany Commons^™

A New Species Of Astragalus (Fabaceae) From Turkey, Muhi̇tti̇n Di̇nç, Zeki̇ Aytaç, Süleyman Doğu

Turkish Journal of Botany

Astragalus silifkeense Dinç, Aytaç & Doğu, sp. nov. (Fabaceae, sect. Astragalus Bunge) is described as a new species from Silifke (Mersin Province), in southern Anatolia, Turkey. The new species is closely related to A. columnaris Boiss., endemic to Denizli in western Anatolia, and A. gilvus Boiss. in Ankara Province, Turkey. Taxonomic descriptions, as well as pollen and seed characters of the new species, are presented. The new species grows in an open Abies cilicica (Antoine & Kotschy) Carrière forest. The geographical distribution of the new species, along with that of A. columnaris and A. gilvus, is shown. The new species …

Pollen And Seed Morphology Of Resurrection Plants From The Genus Ramonda (Gesneriaceae): Relationship With Ploidy Level And Relevance To Their Ecology And Identification, Maja Lazarevic, Sonja Siljak - Yakovlev, Predrag Lazarevic, Branka Stevanovic, Vladimir Stevanovic

Turkish Journal of Botany

The pollen and seeds of 3 paleoendemic resurrection species, Ramonda myconi (L.) Rchb. (Iberian Peninsula), R. nathaliae Pancic & Petrovic, and R. serbica Pancic (Balkan Peninsula), as well as of natural hybrids between the 2 last species, have been analyzed using light and scanning electron microscopy. Their general structural differences, taxonomic and phylogenetic significance, pollen viability, and seed germination capacity, as well as the correlation of pollen and seed characteristics and plant ploidy levels, have been studied. The pollen grains are small (R. myconi, R. nathaliae) to medium (R. serbica) in size, ranging from 10 to 28 µm, and 3-colporate, …

A Further Analysis Of Secretory Structures Of Some Taxa Belonging To The Genus Hypericum (Clusiaceae) In Relation To The Leaf Vascular Pattern, Rosaria Perrone, Paolo De Rosa, Olga De Castro, Paolo Colombo

Turkish Journal of Botany

This work extends knowledge about the distribution of secretory structures (black nodules, translucent glands, and type A and B secretory canals) to other species of the genus Hypericum L., as only H. perforatum L. appears to have been widely investigated. Moreover, the current study was extended to include leaf vascular patterns. In the species studied, a possible correlation between the presence of black nodules and a particular biological form, that of hemicryptophytes scapose perennials such as H. perfoliatum L., H. perforatum L., H. pubescens Boiss., H. tetrapterum Fr., and H. triquetrifolium Turra, was noted. These black nodules are not present …

Identification Of Benzoin Obtained From Calli Of Styrax Officinalis By Hplc, Hati̇ce Demi̇ray, Ayli̇n Eşi̇z Dereboylu, Zeki̇ye Işin Yazici, Fati̇h Karabey

Turkish Journal of Botany

The stem tissue of Styrax officinalis L. distributed in West Anatolia was induced with agents such as boric acid and cocarboxylase (thiamine diphosphate), extensive stimulators of resin channels, in order to increase the amount of benzoin volatile oil. While the benzoin content was 120% in the induction medium to which excess boron and niacin were added, it increased to 231% when cocarboxylase (thiamine diphosphate) was added to the medium. Benzoin content of Styrax from petiole calli was 166%. HPLC-DAD results revealed that benzoin resin was present in 90% of the stems of Styrax officinalis distributed in West Anatolia. The major …

Morphological And Ecological Evidence For A New Infraspecific Taxon Of The Wallflower Erysimum Cheiri (Brassicaceae) As An Indigenous Endemism Of The Southwestern Mediterranean, Samira Ouarmim, Chloe Dubset, Errol Vela

Turkish Journal of Botany

The wallflower Erysimum cheiri is a horticultural cruciferous growing as garden-escaped with a wide distribution in West and South Europe. In Algeria, it is locally found on the northern cliffs of the National Park of Gouraya (Kabylia). The aim of this study is to compare the populations of E. cheiri identified in Algeria with those found in Mediterranean France. To study the differences between both sites, a morphological and ecological analysis was undertaken on 6 populations growing in Algeria and France. Ecological communities where wallflower is growing in Algeria are dominated by indigenous plants with a significant proportion of endemic …

A New Species And 2 New Records From Turkey, Zeki̇ Aytaç, Hayri̇ Duman

Turkish Journal of Botany

Campanula aktascii Aytaç & H.Duman (Campanulaceae) has been described as a new species. The diagnostic characters of C. aktascii were compared and discussed with its resembling species and the ecology and phenology of the new species were presented. Onopordum rhodense Boiss. ex Rech.f. (Asteraceae) and Daucus conchitae W.Greuter (Apiaceae) have been reported as a new records from Antalya (South Anatolia) for Turkey. The distribution map and Red List categories of these taxa according to the IUCN were also given.

Monitoring Of Vascular Plant Diversity In A Changing Climate In The Alpine Zone Of The Central Greater Caucasus, Khatuna Gigauri, Maia Akhalkatsi, George Nakhutsrishvili, Otar Abdaladze

Turkish Journal of Botany

Short-term changes in plant species number, cover, frequency, and composition were studied along an altitudinal gradient crossing 4 GLORIA summits (from 2240 m to 3024 m a.s.l.) from the treeline ecotone to the subnival zone in the Central Caucasus. Large-scale (summit area) and small-scale (16 plots of 1 m^{2}/summit) patterns were monitored in 2001. Recording was repeated in 2008. During the monitoring period, the average soil temperature and growing-degree days did not significantly increase. After 7 years, a revisitation of the summit area revealed a considerable increase of species richness, especially at the lower alpine zone (CP1 and CP2 summits). …

Shortcut To Long-Distance Developing Of A Tissue Culture Medium: Micropropagation Of Mature Almond Cultivars As A Case Study, Mehmet Nuri̇ Nas, Yüksel Bölek, Nevzat Sevgi̇n

Turkish Journal of Botany

Culture medium development methods are time-consuming, laborious, and require a large amount of experimental materials. The Nas hypothesis for the development of a micropropagation medium offers a less time-consuming and a less laborious approach. According to this hypothesis, the composition of a culture medium for a particular species should resemble the seed composition. In accordance with this hypothesis, first, an almond culture medium [Nas Almond Medium (NAM)] was developed based on almond kernel composition. Then, using mature tissues of almond cultivars, the growth of cultures on NAM was compared to that on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS), Woody Plant Medium …

Euglenozoa Occurring In Adzopé Reservoir, Côte D’Ivoire, Ble Alexis Tardy Kouassi, Allassane Ouattara, Kouhete Philippe Da

Turkish Journal of Botany

The Euglenozoa flora of the Adzope Reservoir in Côte d'Ivoire was investigated from January to December 2005. The species composition of the assemblage was compiled, accompanied by illustrations. Forty-four taxa were identified in the temporal survey. Ten taxa (22.22%) are new for Côte d'Ivoire. The taxonomic structure presents 22.32% of the species common to the freshwater of West Africa, with most of the taxa (89.5%) found to be cosmopolitan. An endemic taxon, Trachelomonas pisciformis var. bicoronata Coute & Iltis (Euglenaceae), was observed. The assemblage was dominated by Trachelomonas Ehrenberg and Phacus Ehrenberg, which represented 47.72% and 29.54% of identified taxa, …

Factors Influencing The Establishment And Survival Of Native Hardwood Tree Seedlings Of The Kentucky Inner Bluegrass Blue Ash-Oak Savanna-Woodland, James D. Shaffer

Theses and Dissertations--Biology

Historically, the Kentucky Inner Bluegrass blue ash-oak savanna-woodland was the primary ecosystem of the Inner Bluegrass Region (IBR) of Kentucky. After European settlement, the majority (>99%) of Bluegrass savanna was converted to agricultural and urban land uses. Currently remnant savanna tree species are failing to recruit. Therefore, a long-term restoration ecology project researching competition and disturbance on seedling establishment, survival, and growth has been established at Griffith Woods (the largest remaining savanna in Kentucky) in Harrison Co., KY. Fourteen native hardwood tree species (a total of 6,168 seedlings) have been experimentally planted. Light, soil, surrounding vegetation, and herbivory, factors …

Taxonomy And Biogeography Of The New Caledonian Species Of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae), David M. Johnson, Jérôme Munzinger, Julie A. Peterson, Nancy A. Murray

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A taxonomic review of the New Caledonian representatives of the pantropical tree genus Xylopia L. (Annonaceae) is presented based on museum study of 157 collections. Distinctions are clarified among the four endemic species, two of them previously undescribed in flower and two others described in the literature from only the type collections. A key and species descriptions are presented. Xylopia pancheri Baill., the most frequently collected species, occurs in maquis environments with ultramafic rocks in the central and southern regions of the island, as well as on the Ile des Pins. Xylopia vieillardii Baill. is widespread in low elevation humid …

Immunodetection Of Triticum Mosaic Virus By Das- And Dac-Elisa Using Antibodies Produced Against Coat Protein Expressed In Escherichia Coli: Potential For High-Throughput Diagnostic Methods, Satyanarayana Tatineni, Gautam Sarath, Dallas Seifers, Roy C. French

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV), an economically important virus infecting wheat in the Great Plains region of the USA, is the type species of the Poacevirus genus in the family Potyviridae. Sensitive and high-throughput serology-based detection methods are crucial for the management of TriMV and germplasm screening in wheat breeding programs. In this study, TriMV coat protein (CP) was expressed in Escherichia coli, and polyclonal antibodies were generated against purified soluble native form recombinant CP (rCP) in rabbits. Specificity and sensitivity of resulting antibodies were tested in Western immuno-blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). In direct antigen coating (DAC)-ELISA, …

Soil Sorptivity Enhancement With Crop Residue Accumulation In Semiarid Dryland No-Till Agroecosystems, T.M. Shaver, G. A. Peterson, Laj R. Ahuja, D.G. Westfall

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Water capture and precipitation use efficiency are of great importance in dryland cropping systems because the world's dependence on food produced in dryland areas continues to increase. Growing season evapotranspiration potential greatly exceeds growing season precipitation rates in dryland areas, creating a water deficit for crops. Management practices that positively impact soil physical properties increase the potential for soils to capture water. One way to assess the ability of soils to capture water is through the measurement of sorptivity. Sorptivity is defined as the cumulative infiltration proportionality constant and is governed by surface soil physical properties such as texture, degree …

Influence Of Two Herbicides On Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera Glycines) Reproduction On Henbit (Lamium Amplexicaule) Roots, Rodrigo Werle, Mark L. Bernards, Loren J. Giesler, John L. Lindquist

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is the most yield-limiting pathogen of soybean in the United States. Henbit is a prevalent winter annual weed species in no-till fields and is reported to be an alternative host of SCN. A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate how the development of SCN on henbit roots was affected by herbicide mode of action and time of herbicide application. Henbit plants were grown in watertight pots placed in a water bath bench that kept soil temperature constant (27 6 1 C) during the study. Ten d after transplanting, pots were inoculated with approximately 1,000 SCN eggs. …

Letter From The Dean, Michael Vayda

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Redbud Cauliflory: The Inside Story, W. John Hayden

Biology Faculty Publications

One of the most distinctive features of redbuds, Cercis canadensis, the 2013 VNPS Wildflower of the Year, is its production of flowers on mature trunks and major branches, a habit termed cauliflory. Redbud flowers also form on young, one-year old twigs; as explained below, twig- and trunk-borne flowers are parts of a single developmental continuum; twigs bearing flowers eventually becoming trunks and large branches that continue to bear flowers.

Survey Of Medicinal Herbs Of Central Illinois Prairie And Woodlands, Debra Ann Welch

Masters Theses

Illinois has been named the "Prairie State" for good reason. When the pioneers discovered a vast sea of grasses and forbs, they thought the prairie infertile. However, they soon found out that the blacksoil prairie was composed of a rich diversity of plant species that could provide much of the medical and nutritional needs of everyday life. The medicinal uses of many prairie species have not only been tested throughout history, but today modern science has also discovered their therapeutic importance.

The purpose of this study was to survey prairie species growing in the central Illinois counties of Coles and …

Genetic Mapping And Confirmation Of Quantitative Trait Loci For Seed Protein And Oil Contents And Seed Weight In Soybean, Safiullah M. Pathan, Tri Vuong, Kerry Clark, Jeong-Dong Lee, J. Grover Shannon, Craig A. Roberts, Mark R. Ellersieck, Joseph W. Burton, P. B. Cregan, David L. Hyten, Henry T. Nguyen, David A. Sleper

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Demand for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] meal has increased worldwide and soybean importers often offer premiums for soybean containing higher contents of protein and oil. Objectives were to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with soybean seed protein, oil, and seed weight in a soybean mapping population and confirm detected QTL across genetic backgrounds and environments. Two populations of 216 and 156 recombinant inbred lines were developed from Magellan × PI 438489B and Magellan × PI 567516C crosses, respectively, and grown in two Missouri environments in 2008. More than 900 simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism …

Development And Evaluation Of Soysnp50k, A High-Density Genotyping Array For Soybean, Qijian Song, D. L. Hyten, Gaofeng Jia, Charles V. Quigley, Edward W. Fickus, Randall L. Nelson, P. B. Cregan

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The objective of this research was to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and to develop an Illumina Infinium BeadChip that contained over 50,000 SNPs from soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.). A total of 498,921,777 reads 35–45 bp in length were obtained from DNA sequence analysis of reduced representation libraries from several soybean accessions which included six cultivated and two wild soybean (G. soja Sieb. et Zucc.) genotypes. These reads were mapped to the soybean whole genome sequence and 209,903 SNPs were identified. After applying several filters, a total of 146,161 of the 209,903 SNPs were determined to be …

Mapping Soybean Aphid Resistance Genes In Pi 567598b, Carmille Bales, Guorong Zhang, Menghan Liu, Clarice Mensah, Cuihua Gu, Qijian Song, D. L. Hyten, P. B. Cregan, Dechun Wang

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) has been a major pest of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in North America since it was first reported in 2000. Our previous study revealed that the strong aphid resistance of plant introduction (PI) 567598B was controlled by two recessive genes. The objective of this study was to locate these two genes on the soybean genetic linkage map using molecular markers. A mapping population of 282 F_4:5 lines derived from IA2070 X E06902 was evaluated for aphid resistance in a field trial in 2009 and a greenhouse trial in 2010. Two …