Breeding White Clover For Resistance To Root Know Nematode,
2025
DSIR
Breeding White Clover For Resistance To Root Know Nematode, J Van Den Bosch, C F. Mercer
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is the most important legume species used in New Zealand pastoral agriculture (Williams, 1987). However, its growth and fixation of nitrogen can be severely reduced by the root knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood (Widdowson et al., 1973; Yeates et al., 1973; Yeates et al., 1977). This nematode is commonly found throughout New Zealand (Mercer and Woodfield, 1986; Skipp and Christensen, 1983) Chemical control is not economic, or environmentally desirable. The breeding of resistant cul ti vars may be an effective way to reduce the effects of this pest. Resistance or tolerance in white clover …
Performance Of Trifolium Repens Genotypes Under Grazing In New Zealand Hill Pasture,
2025
DSIR
Performance Of Trifolium Repens Genotypes Under Grazing In New Zealand Hill Pasture, J.F L. Charlton, D R. Woodfield, J R. Caradus
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A large area of New Zealand's hill country has been developed into pasture during the past 60 years by removal of scrub vegetation, aerial application of superphosphate fertiliser and aerial oversowing of pasture seeds in mixture. The key legume used was white clover (Trifolium repens L.), either as the cultivar Grasslands Huia, or as uncertified seed. Grasslands Tahora white clover was released in 1984, selected from material collected from moist hill pastures (Williams et al., 1983). Farmers sowing white clover into such pastures now have a choice of using Tahora (specifically bred for moist hill pasture, close-grazed by sheep), …
Breeding For Increased Stolon Branching And Node Density In White Clover,
2025
DSIR, New Zealand
Breeding For Increased Stolon Branching And Node Density In White Clover, J R. Caradus, A C. Mackay
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The stoloniferous habit of white clover (Trifolium repens) is an important factor contributing to its agronomic superiority over other herbage legumes in grazed pastures. High stolon density, which ensures good persistence (Gibson et al., 1963) is most often associated with relatively small leaf size and low harvest index (Caradus & Williams, 1981). Stolon density is a product of proportion of nodes branching and internode length. The aim of the present study was to determine, firstly the heritability of nodal branching and internode length and, secondly the relationship between stolon density and other plant characters.
Plant Improvement Using Endophytic Fungi,
2025
DSIR, New Zealand
Plant Improvement Using Endophytic Fungi, G C.M Latch
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Endophytic fungi which grow intercellularly in many species of grasses have been a scientific curiosity for almost a century. The mycelium of many of these fungi never emerges from the plant and the fungus is disseminated by way of hyphae in the seed. Other endophytes such as Epichloe typhina form a mycelial weft around the developing inflorescences thus preventing seed formation. Grasses infected with endophytes usually appear healthy and the presence of the fungus can only be detected by examining tissues from leaf, sheath, culms and seed for fungal mycelium. The economic importance of these fungi was first discovered by …
Breeding Tall Fescue For Improved Rhizomatous Spreading,
2025
Iowa State University
Breeding Tall Fescue For Improved Rhizomatous Spreading, I T. Carlson, S M. Hurst
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Increased rhizomatous spreading may improve persistence and uniformity of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) stands. The purpose of this research was to investigate possibilities of combining long rhizomes from a Portugese accession with adequate winterhardiness and seed production, high tiller density, and rust resistance. Five Portugese selections were crossed with seven more vigorous and winterhardy selections from other accessions, six from the USA and one from Spain. The Fl plants were highly male sterile, but they did set some seed when topcrossed to the adapted cultivar Kentucky 31 or backcrossed to the adapted parent. As a group, topcross (TC) …
Characterization Of Genetic Variability Among Accessions And Crosses Of Napiergrass, Pennisteum Purpureum,
2025
University of Florida
Characterization Of Genetic Variability Among Accessions And Crosses Of Napiergrass, Pennisteum Purpureum, S C. Schank, R L. Smith, Sandra Russo
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
INTRODUCTION Several herbaceous species have shown promise as feedstocks for energy production. The University of Florida/Gas Research Institute co-funded program has tested herbaceous species since 1981. Tall grasses such as corn (Zea mays L.), sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.], napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.), and sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) are among the most efficient plants in converting solar energy to biomass (Schank, 1987). All have shown promise as feedstocks for energy production with average annual yields of 20 to 40 metric tons/ha (Prine et al., 1988). However, napiergrass has been selected as having the greatest potential in Florida …
Genetic Variation For Rhizome Growth Traits In Elytrigia Repens (L.) Neveski,
2025
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Genetic Variation For Rhizome Growth Traits In Elytrigia Repens (L.) Neveski, M D. Casler, W H. Goodwin
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Quackgrass [Elytrigia repens (L.) Nevski] is a common weed in temperate climates throughout most of the world (King, 1966). Its ability to aggressively spread by rhizomes makes it uniquely capable of colonizing large areas of pastures or cultivated fields (Palmer and Sagar, 1963). Genetic variation among domestic forms of quackgrass has been demonstrated for many traits, including several rhizome growth traits (Westra and Wyse, 1981; Williams, 1973). The objective of this study was to determine selection responses following one cycle of divergent phenotypic selection for plant diameter in a population of Elytrigia repens (L.) Nevski accessions.
Non Conventional Evaluation Of Tropical Pasture Accessions,
2025
CARDI
Non Conventional Evaluation Of Tropical Pasture Accessions, R T. Paterson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Many thousands of tropical and sub-tropical grass and legume accessions are to be found in germplasm banks in Australia (Tropical Forages Genetic Resources Centre), Colombia (CIAT), Ethiopia (ILCA) and other countries, but most are poorly categorized in terms of their climatic, edaphic and biotic adaptation. In contrast, a number of ecosystems in the developing world are poorly served with pasture varieties capable of sustaining high levels of animal production. It is likely that such material exists in germplasm collections, but since it has not been tested under a range of conditions, it remains unidentified. There is an urgent need to …
Consistency Of Correlation And Path Coefficients Across The Environments In Egyptian Clover (Trifolium Alexandrinum L),
2025
Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute
Consistency Of Correlation And Path Coefficients Across The Environments In Egyptian Clover (Trifolium Alexandrinum L), G P. Shukla, D R. Malaviya
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Forage yield is the resultant of a cumulative effect of its component characters. In the procedure of developing a high forage yielding variety, a determination of major forage yield components appears obligatory for a breeder to gear up an efficient selection programme. Since the manifestations of forage yield components, expectedly, may vary with the change of situations these were, therefore, worked out across the environments artificially created at a single location (Luthra et al., 1974) in Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.). The consistency of correlations and path was used as a criterion to single out most important yield component(s).
Research On Distant Hybridization Between Melissutus Ruthenicus C.W Chang And Medicago Sativa Zhaodong,
2025
Institute of Animal Science of Heilongjiang
Research On Distant Hybridization Between Melissutus Ruthenicus C.W Chang And Medicago Sativa Zhaodong, Wang Diankui, Li Hong, Luo Xinyi
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Distant hybridization can be used to combine the characteristics of different species and genus to produce a new variety. By crossing the wild species Melissutus ruthenicus C.W. Chang (2n = 2x = 16) which exhibits cold-, drought- and salt-alkali resistance with the local high-yielding cultivar Medicago saliva Zhaodong (2 n = 4 x = 32), it was hoped to synthesize the fine characteristics of two parents, to obtain a new intermediate variety of alfalfa. This paper reports on the advance of the hybridization, the results of cytological studies and the tendency of variations of filial generations as a guide to …
La Luzerne Aragon, Un Ecotypes Non Depasse En Espangne Par Les Varietes Amerliorees,
2025
Escola Superior d'Agricultura de Barcelona
La Luzerne Aragon, Un Ecotypes Non Depasse En Espangne Par Les Varietes Amerliorees, F Casanas, L Bosch, A M. Claret Verdu
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
ent en Espagne sont occupes par des ecotypes locaux parmi lesquels le plus important est sans doute !'Aragon. Les varietes ameliorees ne se sont done pas introduites dans le marche espagnol. Cela constitue une exception en Espagne puisque pour toutes les autres especes, les cultivars ameliores genetiquement, souvent etrangers, ont remplace presque totalement les populations naturelles. La cause de cette situation exceptionnelle pourrait etre commerciale ( essais d'inscription, campagnes publicitaires, marges beneficiaires, etc.) et/ou que la difference entre !es varietes ameliorees et les populations naturelles espagnoles n'est pas assez grande. Les resultats presentes par Hidalgo (1969) sont favorables a la …
Selection Du Ray-Grass D’Italie Pour La Tolerance Vis-A-Vis De La Rouille Couronnee,
2025
Ste RAGT
Selection Du Ray-Grass D’Italie Pour La Tolerance Vis-A-Vis De La Rouille Couronnee, J F. Chosson, Sabine Singla
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
En France, le Ray-Grass d'ltalie (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) (RGI) est l'espece de graminees fourrageres la plus utilisee. Pres de 1 million d'hectares sont cultives en pur ou en association avec du trefle violet. Parmi Jes principales maladies foliaires, la Rouille couronnee (Puccinia coronata Corda) (R.C.) occasionne des degiits importants sur la plupart des varietes commercialisees. Cette etude resume le travail realise par notre Societe pour ameliorer la tolerance du RGI vis-a-vis de ce parasite et montre l'interet du materiel ainsi cree pour !'adaptation a notre milieu, le rendement et la qualite du fourrage.
Influence Des Conditions Edapho-Climatiques Sur La Croissance Printaniere De Ray-Grass Anglais De Differentes Precocites, D Leconte, F Balfourier
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Depuis de nombreuses annees, nous avons observe le mauvais comportement des varietes tardives implantees sur nos sols froids et humides de fond de vallee. II nous a semble interessant de preciser ces observations en liaison avec notre programme de selection du ray-grass anglais (Lolium perenne).
Breeding Guinea Grass (Panicum Maximum Jacq.) For Stall-Feeding,
2025
Punjab Agricultural University
Breeding Guinea Grass (Panicum Maximum Jacq.) For Stall-Feeding, B S. Sidhu, P D. Mehndiratta, R K. Batta
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Punjab is a part oflndo-Gangetic plain with sub-tropical climate. Due to fertile alluvial soil, assured irrigation and small holdings intensive agriculture is in practice. Same plain land is suitable for forage as well as grain production, thus farmers select to grow which is profitable. Production of milk by stallfeeding of animals on multicut annual summer grasses raised under heavy nitrogen and assured irrigation is relatively economical for the farmers. Thus, a breeding programme on Guinea Grass which responds better to nitrogen than many other summer grasses, was undertaken to develop fast growing annual type which may be cultivated to produce …
Yield Trials And Protein Contents Of Five Sudangrass Cultivars In Ahvaz,
2025
Shahid Chameran University
Yield Trials And Protein Contents Of Five Sudangrass Cultivars In Ahvaz, J Bahrani
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Sudangrass (Sorghum sudenense Piper Stapf) is one of the most important annual fodder crops in Kuestan plain (Southwest of Iran). The plant has been cropped in the region for more than 25 years. However, the data are scant on the yield potential and management practices of different cultivars under these hot climates where the growing season ranges from 150 to 180 days. Kaschani and Bahrani (1985) in Ahvaz, and Summer et al. (1965) in California, respectively showed 400-600 kg/ha and 178.4 kg/ha of nitrogen as split application for irrigated sudangrass. Worker (1973) found that the total dry matter production of …
Breeding For Non-Shattering Forage Vetch, Vicia Sativa L.,
2025
ICARDA
Breeding For Non-Shattering Forage Vetch, Vicia Sativa L., A.M Abd El Moneim
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Because of the potential importance of common vetch, Vicia sativa L., as a forage legume to replace fallow in the cereal/fallow rotations in the Mediterranean region, it is of great importance to increase seed yield and reduce seed prices. One way of doing this is to increase the proportion of pods which do not shatter at maturity. Losses of seeds from maturing pods of forage common vetch, constitutes a serious economic problem and severely restricts the use of the species as a forage crop (Abd El Moneim, 1984). Furthermore, the harvesting of common vetch grown in fallow lands causes severe« …
Yield And Yield Components Of Some Domestic Populations And Imported Sainfoin Varieties,
2025
Sarajevo Institute of Agriculture
Yield And Yield Components Of Some Domestic Populations And Imported Sainfoin Varieties, S Alibegovic-Grbic, D Gataric
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Sainfoin ( Onobrychis sativa Lam) is a fodder crop of modest requirements since it grows on eroded, shallow and dry soils, which are abundant in Yugoslavia, especially in Bosna and Herzegovina and Macedonia. However, in this country, sainfoin is not produced on large areas ; most frequently it is in the form of domestic or domesticated populations which have low yields. Although their productivity is not high, these populations are frequently characterized by a number of positive traits which can be useful in selection. The purpose of our research was the determination of selection value for some domestic populations based …
Breeding New Varieties Of Tall Fescue (Festuca Arundinacea Schreb.) Adapted To Mediterranean Environments,
2025
Sezione Operativa Periferica
Breeding New Varieties Of Tall Fescue (Festuca Arundinacea Schreb.) Adapted To Mediterranean Environments, E Piano, S Pusceddu
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and other perennial grasses cannot be used profitably in the typical Mediterranean environments of Italy because of the inability of the existing varieties to survive the severe summer droughts. Nonetheless their utilization for pasture establishment is highly required because of their ability to extend and regularize the grazing season with respect to the currently used annual species, which concentrate most of their production in spring. A selection program aimed at developing varieties adapted to long summer Mediterranean environments from local ecotypes was activated in the late 1970's. Besides summer survival, other main objectives of …
Breeding Reliable White Clover For Low Inputs Pasture,
2025
IGAP
Breeding Reliable White Clover For Low Inputs Pasture, I Rhodes, Rosemary P. Collins, D R. Evans, Margaret J. Glendining
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The need for grassland farmers to reduce financial inputs, together with a growing concern for the environment have resulted in a resurgence of interest in white clover. Many white clover varieties released during the 1960s and 1970s were bred to give high yields under the current systems of rotational grazing involving the use of inorganic N fertilizer. More recently white clover breeding objectives have been reformulated to respond to the future needs of the industry and to eliminate some of the problems still associated with the use of white clover. This paper outlines the current breeding objectives and illustrates progress …
Optimal Selection Of Components In Breeding Synthetic Populations Of Alfalfa,
2025
University of Agriculture and Forestry
Optimal Selection Of Components In Breeding Synthetic Populations Of Alfalfa, Alena Vachunova, Viasta Vagnrova, J Rod, O Mrazek, V Mika
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The aim of our work from the practical point of view was to combine the experience of plant breeders in selection of material differing from the standpoint of genetic and provenance and to take advantage of material evaluation in conditions diverse in soil and climate for breeding synthetic varieties. From the theoretical point of view the choice of traits important for selection, as well as the procedures for building synthetic populations of alfalfa and the usefulness of components selection in these populations had to be verified.
