Agronomy and Crop Sciences Commons^™

Enhancing The Effectiveness Of Biological Control Programs Of Invasive Species By Utilizing An Integrated Pest Management Approach, Invasive Species Advisory Committee

National Invasive Species Council

Conclusion

Biological control has been shown on many occasions to be the most cost-effective invasive species management tool available. However, integrating biological control projects with the full breadth of other integrated pest management (IPM) tools, expanding post-re- lease monitoring to maximize efficacy, adaptive management, and incorporating new and innovative ecological, and genetic technologies may provide private and public land managers greater opportunities for long-term success in suppression of established invasive species.

Pengaruh Keberadaan Gulma (Ageratum Conyzoides Dan Boreria Alata) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tiga Ukuran Varietas Kedelai (Glycine Max L. Merr) Pada Percobaan Pot Bertingkat, Abdul Karim Kilkoda, Tati Nurmala, Dedi Widayat

Jurnal Kultivasi

Percobaan dilaksanakan di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Jati-nangor, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji eksudat akar yang terdapat pada gulma Ageratum conyzoides dan Borreria alata terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai. Percobaan dilakukan mulai dari bulan Oktober 2014 sampai dengan bulan Desember 2014 dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial. Faktor perlakuan pertama adalah jenis gulma terdiri dari 3 taraf antara lain gulma A. Conyzoides, gulma B. alata dan tanpa gulma (kontrol). Perlakuan kedua adalah ukuran benih varietas kedelai yang terdiri dari 3 taraf. Total kombinasi perlakuan adalah 9 kombinasi perlakuan, dengan 3 …

Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Gandum (Triticum Aestivum L.) Yang Diberi Asam Salisilat Dan Kalsium Klorida Dengan Selang Waktu Yang Berbeda Di Dataran Medium Jatinangor, Fiky Yulianto Wicaksono, Aep Wawan Irwan, Agus Wahyudin, Linda Wahyu Setianingrum

Jurnal Kultivasi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan, hasil, dan kualitas hasil tanaman gandum yang maksimum di dataran medium melalui pemberian kalsium klorida dan asam salisilat dengan interval waktu yang terbaik. Percobaan dilakukan sejak Maret hingga Juli 2015 di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Univer-sitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, dengan ketinggian tempat yaitu ± 750 m di atas permukaan laut. Rancangan percobaan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang terdiri dari lima perlakuan dan diulang empat kali sehingga terdapat 20 plot percobaan. Ukuran petak percobaan yang digunakan adalah 3 m x 4 m. Adapun perlakuan yang diberikan adalah A = Aplikasi CaCl2 dan Asam Salisilat dengan interval …

Pengaruh Dosis Herbisida Glifosat Terhadap Gulma, Pertumbuhan, Dan Hasil Tiga Kultivar Kedelai (Glycine Max (L.) Pada Sistem Tanpa Olah Tanah (Tot), Dedi Widayat, R. Ganilda Yustisiyanika

Jurnal Kultivasi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi antara dosis herbisida Glifosat dan kultivar kedelai terhadap gulma, pertum-buhan, dan hasil tanaman kedelai. Percobaan dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Saung Meeting Ciparanje Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial yang terdiri dari dua faktor dan diulang 3 kali. Faktor yang pertama adalah kultivar kedelai yang tediri dari tiga yaitu kultivar Tidar, Burangrang, dan Slamet. Faktor yang kedua dosis herbisida glifosat yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu 1,5l/ha, 3l/ha, dan 4,5l/ha. Kombinasi perlakuan kultivar dan dosis herbisida glifosat tidak memberikan pengaruh interaksi terhadap bobot kering gulma …

Pengaruh Pemberian Zat Retardan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Ubi Pada Dua Kultivar Kentang (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Di Dataran Medium, Sumadi, Erni Suminar, Murgayanti, Anne Nuraini

Jurnal Kultivasi

Tujuan dari kegiatan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai kulti-var kentang dan jenis serta konsentrasi zat retardan yang dapat mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan serta kuantitas dan kualitas hasil ubi bibit kentang di dataran medium. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Petak terpisah. Perlakuan terdiri dari petak utama yaitu kultivar yaitu kultivar Nadia dan Granola, dan anak petak yaitu jenis dan konsentrasi zat retardan dengan penggunaan paklobutrazol ( 0; 40; 120 mg L-1 ) atau coumarin (45; 90; 135 mg L-1). Hasil percobaan menun-jukkan bahwa jenis kultivar dan zat retardan berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan per-kembangan bibit kentang. Terjadi interaksi pada …

Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk Fosfor Dan Pupuk Organik Cair Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Kacang Hijau (Vigna Radiata L.) Pada Ultisol Jatinangor, Agus Wahyudin, Tati Nurmala, R. D. Rahmawati

Jurnal Kultivasi

Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis pupuk fosfor dan pupuk organik cair terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kacang hijau (Vigna radiata L.). Percobaan dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Jawa Barat. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan sembilan perlakuan dan diulang tiga kali yaitu 50 kg ha-1 pupuk fosfor + O L ha-1 pupuk organik cair, 50 kg ha-1 pupuk fosfor + 4 L ha-1 pupuk organik cair, 50 kg ha-1 pupuk fosfor + 8 L ha-1 pupuk organik cair, 75 kg ha-1 pupuk fosfor + O L ha-1 …

Adding Genetically Distant Individuals To Training Populations Reduces Genomic Prediction Accuracy In Barley, Aaron Lorenz, Kevin P. Smith

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

One of the most important factors affecting genomic prediction accuracy appears to be training population (TP) composition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of genomic relationship on genomic prediction accuracy and determine if adding increasingly unrelated individuals to a TP can reduce prediction accuracy. To accomplish this, a population of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) lines from the University of Minnesota (lines denoted as MN) and North Dakota State University (lines denoted as ND) breeding programs were used for model training. Predictions were validated using two independent sets of progenies derived from MN  MN crosses …

Community Seed Banks: Origins, Evolution, And Prospects, Charles A. Francis

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

As a survey of contemporary community-level seed banks, this is an excellent compilation and instructive guide. The first section provides an overview of how seed banks originated, their varied goals and activities, several contrasting forms of management, and how they organize and perform to meet these goals. An intriguing claim in the book is that the concept of “seed banks is only some three decades old,” while in fact the practice of saving, preserving, and exchanging seed within a community is probably as old as human communities themselves.

Organized seed banks often serve specific functions: preserving seeds, providing seed access …

Switchgrass Germplasm Resources, Michael D. Casler, Kenneth P. Vogel, Melanie Harrison

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is an important native grass and dominant member of the tallgrass prairie ecosystem. It is used for conservation, restoration, livestock feed production, and bioenergy feedstock production. The purpose of this review is to describe the biological and geographical basis for switchgrass germplasm diversity and to provide a resource for scientists and outreach personnel to find switchgrass germplasm to meet their needs. Upland and lowland ecotypes represent the most important polymorphism in switchgrass, with distinct but overlapping geographic distributions. Variation in ploidy exists within both ecotypes, with 2n = 4x = 36 the dominant ploidy …

Management Options For Water-Repellent Soils In Australian Dryland Agriculture, M. M. Roper, S. L. Davies, P. S. Blackwell, D. J. M. Hall, D. Bakker, R. Jongepier, P. R. Ward

Natural Resources Research Articles

Water-repellent (‘non-wetting’) soils are a major constraint to agricultural production in southern and south-west Australia, affecting >10 Mha of arable sandy soils. The major symptom is dry patches of surface soil, even after substantial rainfall, directly affecting agricultural production through uneven crop and pasture germination, and reduced nutrient availability. In addition, staggered weed germination impedes effective weed control, and delayed crop and pasture germination increases the risk of wind erosion. Water repellency is caused by waxy organic compounds derived from the breakdown of organic matter mostly of plant origin. It is more prevalent in soils with a sandy surface texture; …

Assessing Multiple-Herbicide Resistance In A 2,4-D Resistant Waterhemp (Amaranthus Tuberculatus) Biotype From Nebraska: Student Research, Roberto Crespo

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

A waterhemp biotype was recently reported resistant to 2,4-D in Nebraska. In addition to the repeated use of 2,4-D, atrazine and imazathapyr were reported to be frequently used to control broadleaf weeds. Greenhouse experiments were conducted to confirm 2,4-D resistance and test for resistance to growth regulator herbicides and other herbicide modes-of-action (MoA). A single dose-response experiment showed reduced sensitivity in all three waterhemp biotypes to atrazine, imazethapyr and lactofen; therefore, they were generally considered resistant to those three herbicide MoA. None of the biotypes contained the Ser264 target-site mutation. Since the ametryn dose-response experiment resulted in all susceptible biotypes, …

Economic Contribution Of Agriculture And Food To Arkansas' Gross Domestic Product 1997-2013, Leah English, Jennie Popp, Wayne Miller

AAES Research Reports and Research Bulletins

Agricultural production, processing, and retail industries are major contributors to the Arkansas economy in terms of GDP. Agriculture contributes to the economy through direct agricultural production, value-added processing, and agricultural retail activities, and it also plays an important role through its interactions with other sectors. The use of non-agricultural goods and services as inputs into the agricultural sector promotes diversified growth in Arkansas’ economy; thus agriculture remains a vital part of Arkansas’ economy. This report: 1) compares the relative size of the Agriculture and Food Sector in Arkansas with those of neighboring states; 2) provides an overview of Arkansas’ economy …

Screening Of Olive Cultivars For Tolerance To Fusicladium Oleagineum In South Africa, Zakhele Cyril Msimango

Professional Agricultural Workers Journal

Abstract

This study evaluated commercial olive cultivars for resistance to olive leaf spot (OLS). A growth chamber trial was undertaken with one temperature treatment (16°C) applied during inoculation while a relative humidity (RH) of above 80% was maintained. Plants were kept for 48 hours at 99% RH after inoculation and then moved to shade netted area for disease development at a temperature of 25±5°C. The results were used for categorizing the eight olive cultivars evaluated in this study according to their OLS susceptibility. ‘Frantoio’ was categorized as most tolerant; ‘Nandi’ and ‘Leccino’ were found to be moderately tolerant, and ‘Nocellara …

2016 Barley Variety Sowing Guide For Western Australia, Blakely Paynter, Georgia Trainor, Sanjiv Gupta, Sarah J. Collins, Harmohinder Dhammu

Bulletins 4000 -

This sowing variety guide is designed as a reference to help determine which barley variety to grow in your region. It provides market feedback, relative grain yield comparisons, disease ratings, agronomic information and herbicide tolerance ratings for all malting and food barley varieties segregated in Western Australia (WA) and selected feed varieties (Tables 1-11; Figures 1-10).

Summaries Of Arkansas Cotton Research 2014, Derrick M. Oosterhuis

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Long-Term Tillage System Impacts On Soil Erodibility, Julianne R. Chechanover, Dennis C. Flanagan

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Conservation tillage practices, such as no-till agriculture, have the potential of reducing the erodibility of a soil compared to conventional agricultural practices. This research sought to determine whether long-term agricultural practices affect the baseline erodibility properties of a soil. Two soils from Throckmorton-Purdue Agricultural Center in Tippecanoe County, Indiana were used during this experiment. One soil was treated with a long-term conventional tillage (fall chisel, spring disk) system and the other soil was treated with a long-term no-till system. The soils’ interrill erodibility, and rill erodibility and critical hydraulic shear stress were measured under a rainfall simulator using soil boxes …

Weed Dynamics During Transition To Conservation Agriculture In Western Kenya Maize Production, Judith A. Odhiambo, Urszula Norton, Dennis Ashilenje, Emmanuel C. Omondi, Jay B. Norton

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Weed competition is a significant problem in maize (Zea mays, L.) production in Sub-Saharan Africa. Better understanding of weed management and costs in maize intercropped with beans (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) during transition to conservation agricultural systems is needed. Changes in weed population and maize growth were assessed for a period of three years at Bungoma where crops are grown twice per year and at Trans-Nzoia where crops are grown once per year. Treatments included three tillage practices: minimum (MT), no-till (NT) and conventional (CT) applied to three cropping systems: continuous maize/bean intercropping (TYPICAL), maize/bean intercropping with relayed mucuna after bean …

Designing A Remote Aerial System To Image And Analyze The Health Of Grape Crops At Cal Poly San Luis Obispo, Alexander D. Vice, Dylan Benton, Adipratnia Asmady, Andrew Mercier, Andrew Meyer, Eric Belfield, Aaron Drake

STAR Program Research Presentations

In the last decade the prevalence of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has exploded; however, the presence of UAVs in research situations is still a relatively new and untested field. The autonomous flight lab (AFL) at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo is a new lab site that is dedicated to using UAVs to benefit research for all backgrounds. Before AFL was able to fly missions we first needed to actually receive our vehicles, create a lab space that would provide all of the necessary resources and equipment necessary to fly, and to be granted permission by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) …

B. R. Wells Arkansas Rice Research Studies 2014, R. J. Norman, K.A. K. Moldenhauer

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Arkansas Wheat Cultivar Performance Tests 2014-2015, R. E. Mason, R. G. Miller, D. E. Moon, J. P. Kelley

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Wheat cultivar performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences. The tests provide information to companies developing cultivars and/or marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating cultivar recommendations for small-grain producers.