Self- Reseeding Forage Legumes As Green Manures In Mediterranean Cropping Systems,
2024
University of Tuscia
Self- Reseeding Forage Legumes As Green Manures In Mediterranean Cropping Systems, F Caporali, E Campiglia, R Mancinelli
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Self-regenerating winter annual legumes, like the Subterranean clover and the Medicago species, are recognised as typical Mediterranean resources able to contribute to more sustainable cropping systems such as cover crops, living mulches and green manures. Experimental evidence is presented on the capacity of several cultivars of subclover (Trifolium subterraneum, L.; Trifolium yanninicum, Katzn. & Morley and Trifolium brachycalycinum, Katzn. & Morley) and annual Medicago species to yield astonishing amounts of aboveground biomass (up to 15 t/ha by the cultivars of Medicago scutellata) with high nitrogen content. The total contribution of nitrogen to soil varies (100-300 kg/ha) …
Nitrogen Distribution Between Shoots And Roots Of Five Cool-Season Legumes,
2024
Texas A&M University
Nitrogen Distribution Between Shoots And Roots Of Five Cool-Season Legumes, G W. Evers
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Nitrogen contribution from legume green manure crops is becoming more important as the price of N fertilizer increases in order to maintain sustainable agricultural production systems. The quantity of N in the top growth and roots of ‘Yuchi’ arrowleaf clover (Trifolium vesiculosum Savi.), ‘Tibbee’ crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) ‘Overton R18’ rose clover (Trifolium hirtum All.), ‘Mt. Barker’ subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) was determined at monthly intervals throughout the growing season. Maximum N accumulation in all species occurred in May. Hairy vetch and crimson clover had some of the …
Effects Of Mixture Rates And Cutting Dates On The Forage Yield And Quality Of Vetch-Triticale Mixtures And Their Seed Yields Under Lowland Conditions Of Cukurova,
2024
Cukurova University
Effects Of Mixture Rates And Cutting Dates On The Forage Yield And Quality Of Vetch-Triticale Mixtures And Their Seed Yields Under Lowland Conditions Of Cukurova, T Tukel, E Hasar, R Hatipoglu
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This study was conducted to determine the effects of mixture rates and cutting dates on the forage yield and quality of vetch-triticale mixtures. Mixtures containing 50% vetch + 50% triticale or 25% vetch + 75 % triticale can be preferred for a high forage yield and the cutting should be performed at the beginning of the pod stage in terms of herbage and hay yield unless there is a necessity for the early harvest. Even if 100 % triticale provided the highest yield 0.98 tonnes/ha of crude protein, the mixture with 25 % +75 % triticale giving 0.96 tonnes/ha yield …
Root Distribution Study Of Forage Gramina Under Conservation Tillage Systems, By A Tracer Technique,
2024
Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora
Root Distribution Study Of Forage Gramina Under Conservation Tillage Systems, By A Tracer Technique, M B. Barrios, A Bujan, A A. Bozzo, S P. Debelis
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The aim of this work is to evaluate the root activity patterns of three forage graminaceous species under different tillage systems. The field experiment was carried out during 1993-94 in a Mollisol under three tillage systems: plowing, chiseling tillage and subsoiling tillage system cultivated with Lolium multiflorum, Bromus catharticus and Phalaris aquatica. Significant differences were found in lateral root distribution between tillage systems. Subsoiling tillage system treatment showed the largest presence of roots at 10 cm lateral distance from the plants. No differences in root activity at 10, 20, and 30 cm from the plant were found in chiseling …
Functions Of Permanent Grassland In The Process Of Feed Base Optimization Of Dairy Farms From Great Poland Region,
2024
Agricultural University, Poland
Functions Of Permanent Grassland In The Process Of Feed Base Optimization Of Dairy Farms From Great Poland Region, P Golinski
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of this paper was the determination of permanent grassland functions at optimization of the feed base of dairy farms in the region of Great Poland using linear programming against the background of newly developing conditions of market economy. The important factor leading to significant improvement of financial situation of farms was finding them a model of cattle feeding based on feed from permanent grasslands. However, permanent grasslands in Great Poland, when compared with arable lands, are characterized, in their models, by a low dual value. This can be attributed mainly to a low milk price and low productivity …
Changes In Agronomic Characteristics With Maturity Of Erianthus Ik-76-110,
2024
University of Florida
Changes In Agronomic Characteristics With Maturity Of Erianthus Ik-76-110, P Mislevy, F G. Martin, M B. Adjei, J D. Miller
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Optimal production of energy from biomass necessitates the identification and management of high yielding plant entries. Erianthus arundinaceum (Retz) Jesw. IK-76-110 was tested to determine the influence of harvest treatments at heights of 1.2, 2.5, and 3.7 m and mature in October (4.9 m), and mature in December (4.9 m and in flower) on agronomic characteristics from 1987 to 1990. All treatments received 25 kg ha-1 P and 93 kg ha-1 yr-1 K in one spring application and 336 kg ha-1 N in split applications applied prior to the growth of each harvest. An additional October treatment at the mature …
Potential Of A Novel White Clover/ Cereal Bi-Cropping System For Whole Crop Forage Production,
2024
Danish Institute of Plant & Soil Science
Potential Of A Novel White Clover/ Cereal Bi-Cropping System For Whole Crop Forage Production, N Koefoed, R O. Clements, J Burke, G Donaldson, G Purvis
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A novel low input system for growing cereals, so far mainly winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L), in close association with white clover (Trifolium repens L), is being developed currently, co-operatively by five research stations in northern Europe. An established sward of pure white clover is defoliated in the autumn and winter wheat drilled into it using a rotary type direct drill. After silage or grain harvest of the cereal/clover mixture the clover regrowth may add to the productivity of the system until defoliation and drilling-in of the next cereal crop takes place. With the system described dry matter …
Pearl Millet: A New Green Fodder Crop In Korea,
2024
RDA, Korea
Pearl Millet: A New Green Fodder Crop In Korea, B H. Choi, K Y. Park, R K. Park
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke) has been recognized in Korea since 1985, as an important new forage crop of high quality and yield. Suwon 1, pearl millet hybrid, was the best of 20 hybrids examined in Suwon, giving 150t/ha (three cuttings) of green fodder. The pearl millet hybrid was higher in green fodder yield than corn and sorghum/sudan grass hybrids. Leaf area index was 28.8 for three cuttings of pearl millet, with 5.8 for one cutting of maize, and 19.5 for three cuttings of sorghum/sudan grass. Crude protein content was 16.3% for pearl millet, 6 and 5% higher …
Switchgrass Management For A Biomass Energy Feedstock In Texas,
2024
Texas A&M
Switchgrass Management For A Biomass Energy Feedstock In Texas, M A. Sanderson, R L. Reed, M A. Hussey, C R. Tischler, J C. Read, W R. Ocumpaugh
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a warm-season perennial grass indigenous to North and Central America with excellent potential as a bioenergy crop. Our objective was to develop management practices for switchgrass as a bioenergy crop. We determined the adaptability of several switchgrass cultivars and germplasms at five locations, and examined the response of ‘Alamo’ switchgrass to defoliation frequency, nitrogen and phosphorus fertility, and row spacing at two locations during 1992 to 1996. Alamo switchgrass was the highest yielding entry at all locations with yields of 8 to 20 Mg of dry biomass ha-1. Yield response of Alamo to N …
Modelling Feed Resources Budgets In The Moist Savannahs Of West Africa,
2024
Moist Savannah Program
Modelling Feed Resources Budgets In The Moist Savannahs Of West Africa, A Naazie, J W. Smith
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A deterministic model was developed to evaluate the adequacy and utilization of ruminant livestock feed resources in the moist savannahs of W. Africa. Changes in land cropped and available as range, were used to project changes in feed resources over time and to evaluate whether these feed resources were adequate for the expected numbers of livestock in the region. Ignoring crop residues as feed resources would result in feed shortages especially in the drier northern parts of the moist savannahs. If 50% of the residues could be used as feed, feed shortage would be unlikely irrespective of area cropped. In …
The Influence Of Soil Tillage On The Distribution Of Medic Seed In The Soil And Subsequent Regeneration Of Medics In A Medic Wheat Rotation,
2024
Elsenburg Agricultural Development Institute
The Influence Of Soil Tillage On The Distribution Of Medic Seed In The Soil And Subsequent Regeneration Of Medics In A Medic Wheat Rotation, T N. Kotze, W R. Langenhoven, G A. Agenbag
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The success of annual medics (Medicago spp.) in ley farming systems with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) depends largely on the ability of tillage systems to maintain sufficient seed reserves (200 kg ha-1) in the topsoil (0-50 mm) without decreasing the yields of the successive wheat crop. The effect of six methods of tillage i.e. fieldspan (50 mm), shallow scarifier (50 mm), deep scarifier (150 mm), shallow disc plough (50 mm), deep disc plough (150-200 mm) and mouldboard plough (250 mm), on the distribution of the medic seed reserves in the soil profile and yields of successive wheat crops …
Participative Management And Rehabilitation Of The Village Common Pastures In The Central Highlands Of Turkey: Importance Of Diagnostic Surveys In Project Planning And Execution, H K. Firincioglu, S Christiansen, S Unal, D Ozturk, H Basaran
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Most of the pastures in the central highlands of Turkey have been replaced by cereal production over the last 50 years. Also, the mismanagement of the existing pastures, i.e., early grazing and over stocking of animals, has resulted in severe degradation of pasture species. A study, involving a multidisciplinary approach, was initiated and included botanical and socio-economic surveys, improvement of village-based feed resources, and realistic livestock feeding schemes to put limited feed resources to best use. Results of socioeconomic survey studies in selected villages are presented as prerequisite information for initiation of a forage, livestock and range rehabilitation project.
A Village Approach In Rehabilitation Of Degraded Pastures On Marginal Lands In West Asia,
2024
ICARDA
A Village Approach In Rehabilitation Of Degraded Pastures On Marginal Lands In West Asia, A E. Osman, S Christiansen, A Nassar, F Ghassali
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objectives of the present study are to demonstrate techniques of native pasture improvement to farming communities and to assess their ability to apply pasture management, including deferred grazing. The work was conducted in four villages in north west Syria and in one location in Beka’a, Lebanon. The results indicated significant improvement on pasture productivity and the farmers showed a positive attitude towards adopting the new practices.
Use Of Grazing Animals In Re-Seeding Degraded Marginal Lands In Northern Syria,
2024
ICARDA
Use Of Grazing Animals In Re-Seeding Degraded Marginal Lands In Northern Syria, F Ghassali, A E. Osman, P S. Cocks
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Seed mixture of sixteen native legumes were fed to sheep as a single meal and their passage through the animals was monitored in the faeces. The same mixture was used in a field experiment to improve degraded pasture. Over two hundred sheep were allowed to graze the improved pasture and rest on a nearby un-improved (target) pasture during four days. Results showed that legumes with smaller seeds were able to pass through the animals undamaged compared with large seeded species. The field study provided confirmation of the animal feeding study and provided evidence that grazing animals can help in rehabilitation …
Integrated Management Of Natural Forage Resources In A Tropical Humid Savannah Of West Africa,
2024
Faculte Universitaire des Sciences Agronomiques, Gembloux
Integrated Management Of Natural Forage Resources In A Tropical Humid Savannah Of West Africa, Ph Lecomte, Ph Hellemans, A Buldgen
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In the practise of extensive cattle rearing in the Guinean low altitude savannah, coupled with a poor knowledge or appreciation of the plant communities, disturbs the natural equilibrium of vegetation. A carefully designed land management program and the establishment of indicators to monitor any changes are crucial for ensuring production capacity. The study suggests the integration into a Geographical Information System of a set of field indicators defined for a typical savannah of the area in question. These indicators take into account throughout the seasons, data on the climate, the natural environment, the productivity value of vegetation and the risk …
Structure, Productivity And Animal Utilization In A Communal Pasture In The Basque Country (Northern Spain),
2024
Servicio de Investigación y Mejora Agraria
Structure, Productivity And Animal Utilization In A Communal Pasture In The Basque Country (Northern Spain), I Albizu, G Besga, M Rodriquez, M Onaindia, M Domingo, I Amezaga
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The goal of this study was to determine the structure, productivity and utilization of mountain communal pastures of the Gorbea area in 1994. The area was classified in four zones according to topographic position and improvement activities: north slope brush removed, summit, south slope 50% brush, and south slope brush removed. Ecological profiles were used to relate the most abundant species to soil P and K contents at the different zones. Exclosure cages were used to estimate potential productivity, botanical composition and pasture utilization. Soil P and K contents are the parameters that relate best to floristic composition, being Agrostis …
Management Of Soil Fertility And Grass-Pine Interactions In Silvopastoral Systems,
2024
Servicio de InvestigaciÛn y Mejora Agraria
Management Of Soil Fertility And Grass-Pine Interactions In Silvopastoral Systems, M Pinto, G Besga, S Virgel, M Rodrigues
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of this work was to study the response of a silvopastoral system (soil fertility, pine and grass growth) to different levels of amendments and fertilizer and to evaluate the interaction between grass and pines. Since 1994, five treatments including two Linz- Donawitz (LD) slag doses, NPK fertilizer and a combination of LD slag and NPK fertilizer were applied every year on a pinewood stand (7-8 year old, and 4*4 average spacing), repeating the treatments in two areas, one, sown with productive grass and legume species, and, the other, maintaining the spontaneus species. Soil pH increased 0.46 units with …
Traditional Grassland And Fodder Management Systems In Tanzania And Potential For Improvement,
2024
ICRAF
Traditional Grassland And Fodder Management Systems In Tanzania And Potential For Improvement, R M. Otsynia, I Essai, D Asenga
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The “Ngitiri” fodder conservation system was developed by the Sukuma agro-pastoralists as a strategy to alleviate acute dry season fodder constraints. This traditional agroforestry system provides the basis and opportunities for development of improved silvipastoral systems. Ngitiri is a major source of dry season fodder supply for livestock and thatch for roofing. The system is widespread in the Sukuma landuse system in central Tanzania. This paper presents the scope and importance of the Ngitiri system, management aspects, constraints, and farmers’ perceptions on improvement. Implications for agroforestry technology development in the Sukuma agropastoral system are also discussed.
Participatory Planning, Monitoring And Evaluation Of Grassland Management In West Africa,
2024
Rohnsweg, Germany
Participatory Planning, Monitoring And Evaluation Of Grassland Management In West Africa, A Waters-Bayer, W Bayer
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
To gain a firmer base for supporting development projects in the West African savanna, a study was made of existing experiences in participatory planning with pastoralists. Promising methods were then selected by a natural resource management project in the Sahel of Burkina Faso. Tools such as maps, matrices and Venn diagrammes were applied with pastoralists using communal grazing areas. Rather than establishing fixed landuse plans, it was necessary to build up platforms representing various groups of grassland users who negotiate modes of management, monitor its effectiveness, and constantly re-adjust plans on the basis of their joint assessment.
Overseeding Methods For Communal Grassland,
2024
East Anatolia Agricultural Research Institute
Overseeding Methods For Communal Grassland, L Tahtacioglu, A Mermer, M Avci
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Two establishment methods, cultivator+roller and grassland drill, in combination with four plant mixtures were evaluated for the improvement of degraded communal grassland in two provinces of Eastern Anatolia. The establishment had been satisfactory with both methods and no significant differences were observed between two overseeding methods. Sainfoin, alfalfa, smooth brome and crested wheatgrass were used in this work and plant mixtures consisted of one legume and one grass species. Compatibility of introduced seedlings with existing vegetation was very weak. Although, the contribution of introduced plant mixtures to DM yield was significantly higher under protected condition, the survival and regeneration rates …
