Sward Characteristics Of A Diploid And Tetraploid Cultivar Of Perennial Ryegrass As Measured By Different Sampling Techniques,
2024
Agricultural University
Sward Characteristics Of A Diploid And Tetraploid Cultivar Of Perennial Ryegrass As Measured By Different Sampling Techniques, J H. Neuteboom, E A. Lantinga, H Schlepers, L 'T Mannetje
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In a grazing experiment with monocultures of 2 perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cultivars it was found that over a 6-year period the tiller density of the tetraploid Condesa was on average 27% lower than that of the diploid Wendy. The lower tiller density of Condesa went along with a more open sward structure and higher weed proportions after 6 years, Sward structure was suitably characterised by means of absence frequency estimations of rooted perennial ryegrass tillers from concentric sampling quadrats.
Effect Of Localized And Epsidodic Nutrient Supplies And Salinity On Growth Of Selected Grass Species,
2024
Roodeplaat Grassland Institute
Effect Of Localized And Epsidodic Nutrient Supplies And Salinity On Growth Of Selected Grass Species, M M. Wolfson, J Caetano
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The efficient use of non•uniform nutrient supplies may be an important component of plant nutrient relationships in soils, especially where inputs of available nutrients by mineralisation may be slow and unpredictable. The experiments reported here examined the effects of periodic supplies of nutrients as well as localised nutrient supplies on the growth of grass species which are common in cultivated soils and pastures. Most plants cannot produce significant yields when grown under saline conditions owing to the difficulty the plant has adjusting to the osmotic potential of the growth medium and its limited capacity to cope with accumulated c1· and …
Analysis Of A Natural Pasture Of The Karst Region (North-East Italy) Under Chemical Fertilization,
2024
CRSA
Analysis Of A Natural Pasture Of The Karst Region (North-East Italy) Under Chemical Fertilization, G Parente, R Ardiani, F Bozzo, M Onofrii, M Scimone, S Venerus
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
To characterise the vegetation changes in a natural pasture, a mineral fertilisation and a 4-year grazing test (1987-1990) were carried out on a typical karstic natural grassland, at that time not grazed by livestock and frequently devastated by fire. Mineral fertiliser and year-long animal grazing have modified the vegetation and seem not to have damaged the agro-ecosystem. An increase of the Arrhenatheretum species and, consequently, higher dry matter production, have been recorded, as well as an extension of the growth period and a greater quantity of grass during the summer. Animal performance has been quite satisfactory as the milk production …
Effect Of Elevation On Vegetation In The Southern Alburz Chain, Iran,
2024
Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands
Effect Of Elevation On Vegetation In The Southern Alburz Chain, Iran, Masoud Mohammad-Aliha
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The effects of elevation on the vegetation composition of the southern rangelands (about 20 000 ha) of the Alburz Chain was studied. The attitudinal zones of the study area were located between 1200 and 3600 m asl. Twenty-three sites were selected alongside the attitudinal gradients (every 200 m change in height was allocated a substation). Twenty-one vegetation types were distinguished and 3 ecological sites (stations) selected. Also some grasses alongside the study area have been considered.
Assessing The Productivity Of Pastures In The Central Highlands Region Of Queensland, Australia,
2024
Queensland Department of Primary Industries
Assessing The Productivity Of Pastures In The Central Highlands Region Of Queensland, Australia, J Willcocks, P Filet
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A sustainable grazing industry requires careful management of pastures. This study measured the growth potential and productivity of different pasture types in the Central Highlands region of Queensland to develop recommendations on stocking rates which are sustainable in the long term. The most productive pasture measured, buffet grass (Cenchrus clliaris) is generally used for fattening prior to sale to the meatworks. The least productive, a mixed native pasture under a eucalypt forest, is generally used for maintaining breeding stock. Forest Mitchell grass (Bothrioclrloa ewartiana) has intermediate levels of productivity and is used for both breeding and …
Seedling Emergence From Buried Seed In Unsown And Oversown Hill Pasture,
2024
AgResearch, NZ
Seedling Emergence From Buried Seed In Unsown And Oversown Hill Pasture, M E. Wedderburn, W J. Pengelly, L A. Greaves
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Seedling recruitment from buried seed was measured in hill country after the resident vegetation was suppressed or killed using herbicide, and either Yatsyn ryegrass, hill ryegrass or a low fertility grass mix was oversown. Unsown plots serves as a control. The total number of seedlings emerging per m2 was similar for all treatments but differences between treatments occurred in the species composition of seedling populations. Ryegrass seedling density in sown plots was 3 times that in unsown plots and white clover seedling numbers were 6 times greater. Other grasses were present in numbers equivalent to sown ryegrass. Subterranean clover and …
Adaptation Of Grassland For Recreational And Amenity Use,
2024
NZ Turf Culture Institute
Adaptation Of Grassland For Recreational And Amenity Use, R J. Gibbs, K W. Mcauliffe, R W. Brougham
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Adaptation of grassland for intensive sport and recreational use introduces constraints not normally experienced under agricultural pasture production. For example, turfgrass is expected to grow in deliberately compacted soils and structureless, inert sands. It is also expected to provide a surface for sports as diverse as golf and horse racing. This paper examines aspects of turfgrass management that differ from agricultural pasture production. These aspects include the ability of turf grass to withstand intensive wear, its ability to produce a dense, low growing and even sward and the specific drainage and playing quality demands of different sports. The key role …
The Product Of Science,
2024
Christian Albrechis Universidt
The Product Of Science, Rolf A.E Mueller
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The relationships between agricultural science, invention, production and consumption are conventionally considered in a hierarchical model with consumption at the basis and science at the pinnacle of the hierarchy. -Two important shortcomings of that model as a basis for organising and manag\ng agricultural research are identified. First, the model does not specify how the direction and intensity of research Is guided in the absence of markets for the outputs from research. Second, the model does not identify the flows of specific information from the consumption and agricultural production sphere to the research sphere where such information is crucial for the …
From Technology Transfer To Resource Management,
2024
De Dellen, The Netherlands
From Technology Transfer To Resource Management, Janice Jiggins
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Six models of technological innovation are examined. The implications for the roles and functions of research and extension, and of agricultural education systems, are analysed. The models are assessed against issues of gender, natural resource management and poverty, with consideration of who pays, and who benefits. The conclusion is drawn that the Transfer of Technology model is not a generalisable model to all circumstances, clients and policy goals. Client-driven systems and participatory approaches which build partnerships among researchers, extensionists, producers and other users of grassland landscapes, can be more effective and efficient.
Combining Agricultural Agent Training In Forages With Graduate Credit,
2024
University of Kentucky
Combining Agricultural Agent Training In Forages With Graduate Credit, Garry Lacefield, Jimmy Henning, M Rasnake, C Forsythe, L Davis
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
An intensive agent training programme in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) production nnd utilisation was initialed in 1990. The training was organised by slate extension forage specialists to meet the needs of agricultural agents. Previous programmes have offered similar training but did nol resull in graduate credit. This unique approach offered intensive training to agents presented by a multidisciplinary learn of scientists. All requirements for graduate credit were met and the course completion resulted in 3 hours of graduate credit. The course has been rated "superior" by students. When properly organised and implemented, intensive agent training can be offered that …
A Grazing Land Conservation Plan,
2024
USDA-SCS
A Grazing Land Conservation Plan, R G. Hendricks
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In a sample planning scenario, a ranching operation in the USA demonstrates a typical conservation problem on grazing lands. Using SCS conservation planning techniques, problems and objectives are identified, resources are inventoried, data are analysed, solutions formulated and conservation practices implemented to solve the resource problem. With use of the economic analysis routine in Grazing Land Applications (OLA) version 1.1 decision suppott software, return on investment was largest when the client installed a combination of rest-rotation grazing, prescribed burning, and initiated a hunting lease programme.
Range Conservation Planning: The Usda- Soil Conservation Service Method,
2024
USDA-SCS
Range Conservation Planning: The Usda- Soil Conservation Service Method, Rhett H. Johnson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The USDA-Soil Conservation Service has responsibility for providing one-on-one conservation planning assistance with the private rangeland managers of over 160 million ha in the USA. This assistance is provided on voluntary basis at the request of the private land user through a local conservation district. Through SO years of experience, a successful planning process has evolved, known as the Ten Elements Of Conservation Planning. These elements are: (1) provide information, (2) request assistance, (3) develop resource inventories, (4) recognise problems and opportunities, (5) determine objectives, (6) develop and evaluate alternatives, (7) make decisions, (8) document decisions, (9) implement decisions, and …
Use Of Objective Planning Techniques In The Development Of Large Livestock Farm In New Zealand,
2024
Massey University
Use Of Objective Planning Techniques In The Development Of Large Livestock Farm In New Zealand, K I. Lowe
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Limestone Downs is a sheep and beef cattle property of 3200 ha near Port Waikato, and provides funds for the C Alma Baker Trust for "the furtherance of the science of agriculture". A development programme slatted in 1981 transformed the farm from an extensive "station" into an intensive farming operation, lifting animal performance and financial returns. This followed the adoption of well-proven and relatively inexpensive modifications to management. Similar programmes should have realistic goals, and established decision rules with priorities. These should be supported by an appropriate monitoring programme and the use of objective data in decision making.
Interdisciplinary Research: A Vehicle For Meeting The Information Needs Of Grassland Producers,
2024
Kansas State University
Interdisciplinary Research: A Vehicle For Meeting The Information Needs Of Grassland Producers, Robert O. Burton Jr, K P. Coffey, J L. Moyer, L W. Lomas, P T. Berends
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Representing the major academic disciplines involved in grassland research • agronomy, animal science and agricultural economics the authors discuss the benefits and pitfalls of interdisciplinary research. Factors discouraging interdisciplinary research include: (1) discipline chauvinism, (2) the time and effort required for communications .and co-ordination, (3) inadequate credit for multiple authorship and (4) importance of disciplinary research. However, link among disciplines are necessary because clientele commercially producing forage need information integrating agronomy, animal science, economics and other disciplines. Benefits of interdisciplinary research are ( I) stimulating highly specialised scientists to plan, perform and interpret their research in the context of whole-farm …
Applied Scientific Concepts For Dairy Cows And Crops,
2024
Plum Bottom Dairy Farm Inc
Applied Scientific Concepts For Dairy Cows And Crops, J R. Rodgers
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Prom a rural town to a dairy farm, from the halls of ivy to the smooth beauty of contour strips on the land: this paper is a practical application of science and technology transferred, through the life of the author, from the textbook to the bottom line of a financial report at year end. How this transfer of technologies (i.e. alfalfa, manure pits, computers, etc.) was used to develop the workable plan for my dairy farm operation will be addressed in detail in this presentation.
Extension Through The Landcare Movement In Australia's Pastoral Zone,
2024
University of Southern Queensland
Extension Through The Landcare Movement In Australia's Pastoral Zone, B R. Roberts
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The Landcare movement, presently based on over 1300 landholder committees nationwide, is potentially Australia's most significant popular movement ever. Its success largely depends on producers identifying with the movement and "owning" its objectives and programmes, Central to attainment of Landcare's goals is the support given by technical advisors, These advisors require a special understanding of group extension techniques, group dynamics and the subtleties of invisible leadership when appropriate. In the vast pastoral zone of Australia, where highly independent graziers operate very individualistically, the required group extension is a special challenge to committed advisory officers.
A Farmlet For Teaching Grazing Management,
2024
North Carolina State University
A Farmlet For Teaching Grazing Management, J T. Green, J P. Mueller, S P. Washburn
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The _objectives were to provide a practical production unit to train students and farm advisors and to maximise grazing, evaluate forage cultivars, document production data and utilise woodlot understorey. A year-round grazing unit was developed on a S.86 ha farmlec (70% temperate pasture; 24% subtropical pasture; 20% woods) for 22-30 ewes and their lambs, 6-8 dairy heifers, and 12-24 angora and meat goats. Farmlet N rate averaged 135 kg/ha/year with excess spring growth harvesced for winter feeding. Live-weight gain averaged 6S4 kg/ha/year. Lambs weaned/ewe exposed to ram, was 1,6 (mature) and 0.8 (yearling). Stocking rate for 3 years ranged from …
A Quality-Tested Hay Market Association In The South-Eastern Usa,
2024
University of Kentucky
A Quality-Tested Hay Market Association In The South-Eastern Usa, Jimmy C. Henning, G D. Lacefield, B Sims
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A hay marketing association was formed in Kentucky in 1989 as a means of increasing farm income and ·10 hedge against the uncertain future of tobacco production. The Kentucky Pride Hay Grower's Association (KPHGA) was designed to work in concert· with a hay testing and inspection service operated by the Kentucky Department of Agriculture (KDA). This testing service used near• infrared reflectance (NIR) technology as well as a visual appraisal by trained hay inspectors. The association may sell hay only which had been tested and inspected by the KDA. The hay association is a non-profit organisation designed to market Kentucky …
Adopting New Technologies For Grazing Lands: The Role Of Decision Systems,
2024
CSIRO
Adopting New Technologies For Grazing Lands: The Role Of Decision Systems, John A. Ludwig, Steve Marsden
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The management of Australia's arid and semi-arid grazing lands involves the consideration of many complex and interconnected issues related to both ecological and economic factors. Climates are highly variable across these lands and markets fluctuate widely; decision making is . difficult at the best of times, As new grazing and land management technologies become available through research organisations, such as CSIRO, the adoption of these technologies is a prime concern, Traditionally, State extension services provide this information to grazing land managers, which has proven effeclive for transferring information about current short-term problems (e,g,, locust plagues) and easy to apply products …
Applying "Farmer-First Research" In New Zealand,
2024
Massey University
Applying "Farmer-First Research" In New Zealand, A F. Mcrae, F M. Anderson, R Brazendale
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The disciplinary orientation and other characteristics of traditional agricultural research may result in farmers' research needs not being central to the research proces·s. A Farmer-First Research programme (FFR) has been initiated to complement the traditional research approach. This programme involves collaboration with hill country sheep and beef farmers chosen at random from across the fuff range of farmer circumstances. It sets out to diagnose and describe where scope· exists to Improve farmers' circumstances, and lo design and test relevant innovations on-farm. In addition to seeking to improve research output for far1ners, the· programme has the objective of evaluating the Farmer-First …
