Effects Of Grain Supplement For Steers Grazing Stargrass Pastures On Subsequent Feedlot Gains And Carcass Characteristics,
2025
Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
Effects Of Grain Supplement For Steers Grazing Stargrass Pastures On Subsequent Feedlot Gains And Carcass Characteristics, G.M.J Horton, W D. Pitman, E M. Hodges
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Performance of steers (181 kg) grazing slargrass pastures was evaluated al 2 levels of grain supplementation in comparison with unsupplemenled cattle and with steers in drylot fed a high-roughage diet. Supplements during the 140-day winter period were fed at 1.0 (moderate) and 1.5% body weight (BW)lday (high), followed by 0.40 kg (moderate) and 0.5% BW/day (high) during the 98-day spring grazing period. Gains during a subsequent 100-dny, high-energy feeding period and resulting carcass characteristics were also compared. Gains during !he grazing period did not differ between !he 2 levels of supplement. Daily rate of gain of unsupplemented cattle (0.44 kg) …
Large-Scale Property Demonstrations Of The Effect Of Sexa Stylo And Phosphorus On Beef Cattle Growth In Central Queensland, Australia, C H. Middleton, K J. Murphy, G W. Blight, Vicki-Lee Hansen
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Seca style (Stylosanthes scabra) was oversown into black speargrass (Heteropogon comortus)•dominant pasture after a burn at 2 sites in central Queensland, and the pasture was continuously grazed. At one site with <5 ppm bicarbonate-extractable soil P, Seca growth was poor and gave only a small animal growth response (18 kg/steer/year) over native pasture. With the addition of superphosphate (27 kg P/ha) the Seca-native grass produced an additional live-weight gain of 70 kg/ steer/year over the native pasture control. At a second site with 6-8 ppm available soil P, Seca grew well, and with a P supplement given to steers, live-weight gains were 40 kg/steer/year more than for Psupplemented animals grazing native pasture. Oversowing Seca into native pasture with P as fertiliser or a supplement can dramatically improve animal performance. The project was conducted on private properties and was aimed to focus producer attention on this technology, which is suited to large areas of northern Australia.
Improving Hill Agriculture Systems In Nepal: A Case Study,
2025
Lumle Regional Agricultural Research Centre
Improving Hill Agriculture Systems In Nepal: A Case Study, B N. Tiwari, J B. Abington
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The Kingdom of Nepal is characterised by complex, diverse smallholder farming systems in which crops, livestock and forest resources are all interlinked. Traditional feeding practices throughout the hills are coming under severe pressure due to the high density of livestock. Consequently, acute shortages of forage are e, experienced, especially during the dry winter season. A case study is presented In which the integration of forage management into the whole farming system is practised, User groups are improving community grazing lands by the introduction of more productive herbage and fodder tree species. Fodder is sold to livestock farmers, animal management is …
Development Of Forage Systems For Dairying In Subtropical Australia,
2025
QDPI
Development Of Forage Systems For Dairying In Subtropical Australia, R J. Moss, K F. Lowe
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The development of productive dairy farm systems integrating irrigated temperate pastures with rain-grown tropical pastures in subtropical Australia is described, Milk production increased from 2976-34211/cow (P<0,01) with increased temperate pasture allowance from 0. I to 0.2 ha/cow, and this increase was similar for nitrogenfertilised ryegrass or clover-ryegrass mixtures, Temperate pastures provided cows with a high protein diet (20-30% crude protein}, enabling energy-rich grain and molasses concentrates to be efficiently used, Increasing supplementation to S kg grain/cow day increased milk yields to S109 I/lactation. Nitrogen fertilisation of perennial tropical grasses enabled higher stocking rates to be used and, together with the increases in production/cow, increased farm output from 464S I/ha to 7300 I/ha.
Use Of Blood Urea Nitrogen Concentration To Predict Response To Protein Or Energy Supplementation In Grazing Cattle,
2025
USDA, Agricultural Research Service
Use Of Blood Urea Nitrogen Concentration To Predict Response To Protein Or Energy Supplementation In Grazing Cattle, A C. Hammond, W E. Kunkle, D B. Bates, L E. Sollenberger
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In healthy ruminants, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations are positively correlated with ruminal ammonia nitrogen concentrations and are indicative of the protein to energy ratio in the diet. Our objective was to determine whether BUN could predict the biological response (average daily gain, ADG) to protein or energy supplementation in freegrazing steers and heifers on tropical grass pastures, Change in ADO (-0.0S to 0.30 kg) due to protein supplementation was linearly related to BUN concentration (6,2-15,5 mg/di) in control cattle (P<0.05, slope= 0.023, r = 0.69, s = 0.07 kg). BUN concentrations of 9-12 mg/di were a transition range t��tow which ADG response to protein supplementation was greater (P«J.05) and above which ADG response was lesser (P<0, l 0) than the response within thls range. Change in ADO due to energy supplementation was not related to BUN in control cattle, but the range of BUN in our trials was limited to concentrations above 9 mg/di. Concentration of BUN may be a useful tool for predicting biological response to protein supplementation of grazing beef cattle.
Utilization Of Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.) Fodder And Silage In Ruminants,
2025
CCS Haryana University
Utilization Of Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.) Fodder And Silage In Ruminants, P C. Gupta, M A. Akbar
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Two feeding experiments were conducted to find out the nutritive value of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) green fodder and silage, In the first experiment, mixtures of faba bean and oat (Avena sativa) green fodders in proportions of 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1, respectively, were fed to lambs randomly divided in to 3 groups of 6 each for 50 days, The DM intake of lambs, change in their body weights and digestibility co-efficients of various nutrients did not differ (P>0.05) among the 3 groups. However, the values of DCP in different rations varied significantly (P<0.05) but not that of TDN. In the second experiment, pure faba bean was ensiled for 50 days and offered to sheep, which maintained their body weights. It was concluded that effective utilisation of green faba bean in sheep could be achieved either by ensiling or by mixing it with other forages like oat. Feeding of faba bean and oat mixture al 2:1 ratio gave optimum growth in lambs,
Utilization Of Leucaena Leucophala As Fodder For Buffaloes,
2025
Haryana Agricultural University
Utilization Of Leucaena Leucophala As Fodder For Buffaloes, P C. Gupta, M A. Akbar
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A feeding trial was conducted for 122 days to assess the effect of feeding Leucaena leucophala day on growth rate, utilisation of nutrients, and its toxic effects, if any, in 15 Murrah male buffalo calves about 1 year old. Calves in control group (Tl) were maintained on concentrate mixture and ad lib. wheat straw. The protein of concentrate mixture was replaced at 25% and 50% levels by leucaena protein in the rations of group T2 and T3, respectively, Leucaena hay was isonitrogenous (CP about 19%). The mimosine, tannin and 6-carotene in leucnena hay were 2.50%, 7.33 mg/g and 504.24 mg/kg, …
Qualitative And Quantitative Responses Of Dwarf And Tall Napiergrass Selections In Puerto Rico,
2025
USDA-ARS
Qualitative And Quantitative Responses Of Dwarf And Tall Napiergrass Selections In Puerto Rico, A Sotomayor-Rios, S Torres-Cardona, W Hanna, A Quiles-Belen
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The agronomic performance of dwarf napiergrass (Pennisetum purpurreum) selections N75, NI 14, N127, N128 and Merkeron were compared with that of the Merker variely. The experiment was conducted at Mayaguez and Isabela, Puerto Rico (PR), at cutting intervals (CI) of 45, 65 and 85 days. The dry forage yields (DPY) of Merkeron were superior to those of the 4 dwarf selections and Merker al all CI except that of 85 days, when Merker was superior. Although the DPY of the dwarf napiergrasses compared favourably with those obtained from the best forages in PR, more uniform and higher annual …
Cattle Growth And Diet Responses To Legume And Phosphorus Supply,
2025
QDPI
Cattle Growth And Diet Responses To Legume And Phosphorus Supply, C P. Miller, R E. Hendricksen
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Phosphorus was supplied to oversown pastures and steers grazing them, as supplement or as 3 rates of fertiliser over 2 years. Dryseason live-weight change was related to fertiliser rate and legume availability, with live-weight losses on unfertilised pastures, gains on moderately fertilised pasture and maintenance on low-fertilised pasture. Supplement had no effect. Wet-season live-weight gain was increased through fertiliser effects on legume availability and consumption (total response was 42 kg/steer) and through P supplement effects on phosphorus intake (total response was 34 kg/ steer). These and related studies have allowed rational and economical P management of oversown pasture systems in …
Increasing Cool-Season Production From Irrigated Leucaena Leucocephala,
2025
Western Australian Department of Agriculture
Increasing Cool-Season Production From Irrigated Leucaena Leucocephala, D Pratchett, S Petty
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Annual live-weight gains of cattle grazing irrigated Leucaena leucocephala in the ORIA (Ord River Irrigation Area) average 0.7 5 kg/day al a stocking rate of 7.5 animals/ha. During the dry season the cooler temperatures reduce the growth rate of leucaena and liveweight gains are reduced lo about 0.5 kg/day. To date growth rates have been maintained by reducing stocking rates but a continuous supply of stock is now required to meet the demands of a local abattoir in the ORIA. During the cooler period a supplement of 1.5 kg maize/animal/day plus hay increased the live-weight gain of cattle to 0.75 …
Grassland Opportunities In The Subtropical Region Of South America,
2025
UFRGS
Grassland Opportunities In The Subtropical Region Of South America, G E. Maraschin, A.V A. Jacques
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Natural grasslands represent a significant proportion of southern South America, which, despite the increase in cropland, is being maintained. However, ignorance and misinformation about the potential of the natural grassland and its environment lead to poor economic results, with live-weight gains (LWG) of around 50-60 kg/ ha/year. Work on the soil-plant-animal relationship have shown that animal performance can be raised to 150-160 kg LWG/ha/year, using sound management practices. The improvement of natural grassland through lime, fertilisation and introduction of exotic species (sodseeding) can further increase production to 500-600 kg LWG/ha/ year. These results illustrate the great potential of natural grasslands …
Feed Resources For Intensive Smallholder Systems In The Tropics: The Role Of Crop Residue,
2025
International Development Research Centre
Feed Resources For Intensive Smallholder Systems In The Tropics: The Role Of Crop Residue, O B. Smith
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The paper focuses on smallholder production systems in the tropics, characterised not so much by the land holding or livestock numbers, which may vary from one ecozone to another, but rather by an integrated crop-livestock production system, which appears to be the common thread among smallholder producers across all ecozones of the tropics. A major advantage of such a system is the production of large quantities of crop residues on-farm. These residues have the potential to contribute significantly to feed requirements. Paradoxically, the major constraint facing this system is a perennial quantitative and qualitative feed shortage which is most manifest …
Flexibility - The Key To Managing A Northern Beef Property,
2025
Charters Towers, Australia
Flexibility - The Key To Managing A Northern Beef Property, T H. Mann
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Successful management involves keeping the property profitable on an annual basis and maintaining long-term profitability by gradual improvement. To maintain long-term economic profitability we must ensure ecological sustainability. "Hillgrove" is a 65 000 ha specialist beef production (breeding, fattening, store production) property in the Charters Towers district of north Queensland. The environment is dominated by erratic (annual rainfall 127-1367 mm) and highly seasonal rainfall (75% during December-March). Soils vary from fertile basaltics to phosphorus-deficient yellow earths, In addition to the climatic variation, cattle prices fluctuate uncontrollably. We plan to enter periods of low prices with low debt levels and an …
Dalrye - A Farm Business In Southern New South Wales,
2025
Dalrye Trading Co
Dalrye - A Farm Business In Southern New South Wales, T R. Hutchings
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Dalrye is n 1473 ha farm 50 km south of Wagga in the South West Slopes region of New South Wales. It is approximately twice the average farm size for the area. The climate in this region is Mediterranean, with the average 600 mm rainfall being evenly spread throughout the year. The rainfall is reliable (cv. 20%) by Australian standards, There is no possibility of irrigation. Present enterprises are based on wool production from a Merino ewe flock, and dryland crops, including wheat, triticale, oats, lupins and canola. Management strategies concentrate on maximizing profit by manipulating the combination of the …
Planning For A Farming Future,
2025
RMB, Australia
Planning For A Farming Future, Bruce Milne
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
We have been gathering experience in Whole Farm Planning since our involvement with the Potter Farmland Plan, 1985-1987. Our concerns rose when we reviewed the welfare of the basic finite resources; soil, water, biodiversity and air. We believed those resources were suffering as they supported us, our sheep and cattle enterprises and all other living things, Our concerns caused us to reexamine the purpose of farming. Many farm planners attempt to plan around inherited grazing, economic and trading systems without first questioning the appropriateness of those systems. We attempted to open our minds, remove the existing "fences" and commence farm …
Ley Farming In Smallholder Systems In North-East Thailand,
2025
Khon Kaen University
Ley Farming In Smallholder Systems In North-East Thailand, Suchint Simaraks
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This paper points out constraints to the adoption of a ley farming system, using rotations of crop and pasture by the smallholders in north-east Thailand. However, some parts of the ley system, pasture and livestock rnising have been slowly accepted. A general picture of the north-east Thailand, implementation of fey ·farming, results, and responses by the farmers are presented.
Economic Stock Farming In Harmony With An Arid Ecosystem On Smitskraal Ranch - A Holistic Approach,
2025
University of the North
Economic Stock Farming In Harmony With An Arid Ecosystem On Smitskraal Ranch - A Holistic Approach, J D. Ivy, S F. Ivy, A J. Ivy, M P. Ivy
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The different nctivities on Smitskraal ranch have been developed and integrated over 40 years. In order to maximise profits while conserving soil, a holistic approach has been taken. The ranch is sweet bush veld, subtropical and has a low rainfall. Many stock diseases, mostly tick• b'orne, are prevalent. Adapted beef cattle and goals effectively conserve and utilise the grass and bush respectively. Suitable wildlife species are nlso included,. A multi��camp, graze half, leave half system called controlled selective grazing is applied. Veld variations are separated, stocking rate is low and is adjusted to seasonal rainfall. Uniform batches of calves from …
Identification And Use Of Key Grass Species In The Assessment Of Range Condition In South Africa,
2025
University of Fort Hare
Identification And Use Of Key Grass Species In The Assessment Of Range Condition In South Africa, Andrew C. Beckerling, Winston W. Trollope
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This paper explains the concepts and method behind the identification and use of key grass species for the development of user friendly techniques for the assessment of range conditions. A database comprising the frequency of 90 grass species and associated environmental factors from 712 sample sites was used to identify 19 key grass species. Stepwise multiple regression and Detrended Correspondence Analyses (DCA) were used for this purpose. The key species accounted for 90% of the variation in forage production potential and 90% of the variation in the 2 environmental gradients identified in the ordinations. Models were created to predict forage …
Stability Of Arid Western Queensland (Australia) Rangelands And Their Grazing Management,
2025
QDPI
Stability Of Arid Western Queensland (Australia) Rangelands And Their Grazing Management, I F. Beale
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Western Queensland rangelands are showing productivity losses which appear to involve grazing management. Changes are required to, arrest this trend. Needs for. information and monitoring of change are indicated. Little information exists for these rangelands, so lntroduction of overseas grazing management systems could create problems. Their application, with monitoring and research, could contribute to sustainabllity.
Grass-Legume Balance Under Grazing In The Humid Tropics Of Costa Rica,
2025
CATIE
Grass-Legume Balance Under Grazing In The Humid Tropics Of Costa Rica, M Ibrahim, L'T Mannetje
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A grazing experiment is in progress in Costa Rica with Arachis pintoi, Centrosema macrocarpum and Stylosanthes gulanensis combined with Brachiaria brizantha and B. Humidicola at 2 stocking rates. The proportion of C. macrocarpum declined in all treatments to low levels,· as did S. gulanensls, except at the low stocking rate in association with B. humidicola. A. pintoi maintained a high proportion with B. humidicola, especially at the high stocking rate. The best grass-legume balance was achieved in the combination of A. pintoi with B. brizantha at the high stocking rate. Volunteer species dominated the C. macrocarpum …
