Agricultural Science Commons^™

Damping-Off, Claudia Nischwitz

All Current Publications

No abstract provided.

Systematics And Evolution Of Leandra S.Str. (Melastomataceae, Miconieae), Marcelo Reginato

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Phylogenetic studies in the Melastomataceae have demonstrated the need of taxonomic rearrangements in the current classification. Melastomes are among the most diverse groups of plants and several cases of known artificial taxa are observed and awaiting further resolution. One example is the Leandra s.str. clade, which includes the majority of the taxa traditionally treated in the genus Leandra. Some attempts have been made to infer the relationships of Leandra s.str., but the sampling in these earlier studies was sparse and the resolution low inside the clade. The main objective here is to propose a comprehensive phylogenetic framework for this group …

Ethnomedical, Ecological And Phytochemical Studies Of The Palauan Flora, Christopher Kitalong

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

There has been a serious deterioration of Palauan culture, language and traditional practices over the last century. To promote health and avoid this deterioration of tradition, ecological, ethnobotanical and phytochemical studies have been carried out on the plant Phaleria nisidai Kaneh. (Thymelaeaceae), "Delal a Kar", Palauan for "Mother of Medicine". This study is the first study that sets the foundations for the development of natural Palauan therapeutics, through validation of ethnomedically significant plants. Validations of these plants is done through documenting Palauan plant ethnomedical data; mapping the distribution of Palauan plants on limestone Rock Islands; and analyzing ethnopharmacological and phytochemical …

Pesticide Risks From Fruit And Vegetable Pest Management By Small Farmers In Sub-Saharan Africa. A Review, Hubert De Bon, Joël Huat, Laurent Parrot, Antonio Sinzogan, Thibaud Martin, Eric Malézieux, Jean François Vayssières

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Chemical control has highly expanded over the last 30 years in sub-Saharan Africa to reduce bio-aggressors on all crops. Pest management of fruits and vegetables by small farmers in sub-Saharan Africa have developed anarchically in a fuzzy regulation framework. Pesticide toxicity and excessive application are often criticized both by farmers and consumers. Here, we review pesticide management in sub-Saharan Africa over the past 30 years. We then propose options to improve and reduce pesticide application, in order to decrease environmental and human hazards. The major points are as follows: (1) global changes in sub-Saharan Africa such as urbanization modify farmer …

2015 Barley Variety Sowing Guide For Western Australia, Blakely Paynter, Andrea Hills, Sanjiv Gupta, Sarah J. Collins, Harmohinder Dhammu, Raj Malik, Georgia Trainor

Bulletins 4000 -

This sowing variety guide is designed as a reference to help determine which barley variety to grow in your region. It provides market feedback, relative grain yield comparisons, disease ratings, agronomic information and herbicide tolerance ratings for all malting and food barley varieties segregated in WA and selected feed varieties (Tables 1–11; Figures 1–10).

Cold Frames, High Tunnels, And Greenhouses: Choose A Growing Structure Best For You, Stacy A. Adams, Kim A. Todd

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Cold frames, high tunnels, and greenhouses are plant growth structures that can be used to extend the growing season or allow for use year around for growing high value specialty crops. This publication discusses the various attributes and applications of each so that plant producers in teaching, research, extension, commercially or as a hobby can determine the best structure to meet individual needs.

Cold frames, high tunnels, and greenhouses are structures that provide hobbyists and growers with options for plant protection and season extension. They vary in cost, size, structural complexity, and ability for year-round usage. The small cold frame …

Msh1-Induced Non-Genetic Variation Provides A Source Of Phenotypic Diversity In Sorghum Bicolor, Roberto De La Rosa Santamaria, Mon-Ray Shao, Guomei Wang, David O. Nino-Liu, Hardik Kundariya, Yashitola Wamboldt, Ismail M. Dweikat, Sally Ann Mackenzie

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

MutS Homolog 1 (MSH1) encodes a plant-specific protein that functions in mitochondria and chloroplasts. We showed previously that disruption or suppression of the MSH1 gene results in a process of developmental reprogramming that is heritable and non-genetic in subsequent generations. In Arabidopsis, this developmental reprogramming process is accompanied by striking changes in gene expression of organellar and stress response genes. This developmentally reprogrammed state, when used in crossing, results in a range of variation for plant growth potential. Here we investigate the implications of MSH1 modulation in a crop species. We found that MSH1-mediated phenotypic variation in Sorghum bicolor …

Using Stable Isotopes To Quantify Nitrogen Fates In Container Plants, Sam Raimann, Greg Michalski, Michael V. Mickelbart

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Currently, in the agriculture field, it is not yet known the accurate amount of Nitrogen in fertilizer that plants take up. This statistic, known as the Nitrogen Use Efficiency is currently known to be within the 30-50% range (Lea-Cox and Ross, 2001). This is very important figure to know and it is a figure that can be improved, and therefore much time, energy, and resources can be saved. This research project will use concepts involving stable isotopes to examine red maple plant material and the soilless media that the plants were grown in. Three different isotope-labelled fertilizer treatments will be …

Pengaruh Naungan Net Dan Interval Panen Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman, Hasil, Dan Kualitas Hasil Buncis Cv. Kenya Di Jatinangor, Saphira Dechairani, Tino Mutiarawati Onggo, Wawan Sutari

Jurnal Kultivasi

Di daerah tropis seperti di Indonesia, intensitas cahaya dan temperatur udara yang tinggi menjadi masalah dalam penanaman buncis hasil introduksi dari daerah subtropis, umumnya tanaman buncis yang dimanfaatkan polong mudanya ditanam di dataran tinggi. Masalah dalam penanaman buncis dataran tinggi di dataran medium yang memiliki temperatur udara lebih tinggi dapat diatasi antara lain dengan penggunaan naungan net dan pengaturan interval panen. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh naungan net dan interval panen yang dapat memberikan pertumbuhan, hasil dan kualitas hasil yang baik pada tanaman buncis Kenya. Percobaan ini dilaksanakan di Lahan Percobaan Laboratorium Kultur Terkendali Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor …

Pengaruh Berbagai Komposisi Kompos Dalam Tiga Jenis Media Pembibitan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Asparagus Dalam Polibeg, F. Kholifah, Tino Mutiarawati Onggo, Wawan Sutari

Jurnal Kultivasi

Asparagus seeding need suitable medium composition in order that seedlings can grow well and proper to be planted.The experiment aims to study the effect of different seedlings medium and various compost compositions within the medium on growth of asparagus seedlings planted in polybag.The experiment was conducted in research station of Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang, located at 730 m above the sea level, conducted from May 2013 up to August 2013. A factorial randomized blocks design was used with four replications. The First factor was different seedlings medium, which consisted of three levels: rice husk, rice husk charcoal and …

Eksplorasi Tanaman Jengkol Di Home Garden Kabupaten Ciamis, Jawa Barat, Yudithia Maxiselly, Debby Ustari

Jurnal Kultivasi

Jengkol plant is one commodity that has some health benefits other than as a food source such as a drug of hypoglycemia in diabetes mellitus. Therefore it is necessary for the exploration activities as the basis for future development. Exploration activities are the basis for determining the location of the natural resources potential. Exploration is also an activity that is able to enrich genetic resources to be developed in the future. The one of jengkol producing areas in West Java is Ciamis district. However there has been no large-scale plantations jengkol, jengkol newly developed individually in the form of a …

Xrf Analyses Of Prehanford Orchards, Komal Rana

STAR Program Research Presentations

Subsequent to 1943, the use of Lead Arsenic was banned from the Orchards standing on the Hanford site. This use of Lead Arsenate pesticide was popular among the orchard owners and was dispersed over the site in a myriad of ways. The presence of the traces of lead and arsenic are found today, more than half a century later. Using a portable X-ray florescence analyzer (XRF), the values of lead and arsenic are evaluated while determining the efficiency of the equipment itself. Samples from different decision sites were collected, with lead arsenic values in the low, high and medium range …

Developing Consumer And Market Research For Non-Timber, Kate Macfarland

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) present an opportunity for many forest landowners to get additional income from their woodlands. This option may be useful for landowners who are not interested in harvesting trees from their land or for landowners who are interested in growing additional products that provide shorter term income streams in addition to their timber harvest. Many markets for NTFPs are growing.

An Evaluation Of Watermelon (Citrullus Spp.) Germplasm For Additional Sources Of Resistance To The Twospotted Spider Mite (Tetranychus Urticae Koch)., Hector Cantu Jr.

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Fourteen U.S plant introduction (PI) accessions of C. lanatus var. lanatus (4), C. lanatus var. citroides (5) C. colocynthis (5) and a known susceptible commercial cultivar ‘Sugar Baby’ were evaluated for resistance to the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, in a limited free-choice and free-choice bioassay under laboratory conditions. The limited free choice bioassay, involved nine Petri dish cages that held five randomly assigned leaves individually inoculated with two adult females and one adult male. Eggs, larva, and adults were counted over a nine day period. The free choice bioassay involved the even distribution of three mite infested …

Summaries Of Arkansas Cotton Research 2013, Derrick M. Oosterhuis

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

B. R. Wells Arkansas Rice Research Studies 2013, R. J. Norman, K.A. K. Moldenhauer

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Fall Seed Guide 2014, Teshome Regassa, P. Stephen Baenziger, Greg Kruger, Dipak Santra

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Crops include in this guide are winter wheat, winter barley, and triticale. You may receive this guide in the mail or through the University of Nebraska Extension network. The data and other information this guide is based on can be found at our web site: http://cropwatch.unl.edu/ varietytest/ and http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ncia. Additional information is available at the wheat variety virtual tour web site http://cropwatch.unl.edu/wheat/virtual or the winter wheat variety selection tool page http://citnews.unl.edu/winter_wheat_tool/index.shtml.

Our rainfed plots in Keith County were lost to hail damage. Last season we had moist soil conditions at planting for the majority of the locations. There was good …

Arkansas Wheat Cultivar Performance Tests 2013-2014, R. E. Mason, R. G. Miller, J. P. Kelley, E. A. Milus

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Wheat cultivar performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences. The tests provide information to companies developing cultivars and/or marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating cultivar recommendations for small-grain producers.

Selection On Crop-Derived Traits And Qtl In Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus) Crop-Wild Hybrids Under Water Stress, Birkin R. Owart, Jonathan Corbi, John M. Burke, Jennifer M. Dechaine

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Locally relevant conditions, such as water stress in irrigated agricultural regions, should be considered when assessing the risk of crop allele introgression into wild populations following hybridization. Although research in cultivars has suggested that domestication traits may reduce fecundity under water stress as compared to wild-like phenotypes, this has not been investigated in crop-wild hybrids. In this study, we examine phenotypic selection acting on, as well as the genetic architecture of vegetative, reproductive, and physiological characteristics in an experimental population of sunflower crop-wild hybrids grown under wild-like low water conditions. Crop-derived petiole length and head diameter were favored in low …

A Genetic Algorithm-Based Feature Selection, Oluleye Babatunde, Leisa Armstrong, Jinsong Leng, Dean Diepeveen

Grain and Other Field Crops Research Articles

This article details the exploration and application of Genetic Algorithm (GA) for feature selection. Particularly a binary GA was used for dimensionality reduction to enhance the performance of the concerned classifiers. In this work, hundred (100) features were extracted from set of images found in the Flavia dataset (a publicly available dataset). The extracted features are Zernike Moments (ZM), Fourier Descriptors (FD), Lengendre Moments (LM), Hu 7 Moments (Hu7M), Texture Properties (TP) and Geometrical Properties (GP). The main contributions of this article are (1) detailed documentation of the GA Toolbox in MATLAB and (2) the development of a GA-based feature …