Agricultural Science Commons^™

Respon Kualitas Dan Ketahanan Simpan Cabai Merah (Capsicum Annuum L.) Dengan Penggunaan Jenis Bahan Pengemas Dan Tingkat Kematangan Buah, Yayat Rochayat Suradinata, V. R. Munika

Jurnal Kultivasi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi jenis bahan pengemas dan tingkat kematangan buah terhadap respon kualitas simpan cabai merah (Capsicum annuum L). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai Juli 2012 di Cikole Lembang, dilanjut dengan pengamatan di Laboratorium Hortikul-tura, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padja-djaran, Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola tunggal yang terdiri sepuluh kombinasi dan diulang tiga kali untuk setiap perlakuan. Tingkat kematangan buah yang digunakan yaitu kematangan 50–60% (K₁) dan kematangan 60–70 % (K₂). Jenis bahan pengemas yang digunakan adalah wadah Styrofoam tanpa tutup (P₁), wadah styrofoam di …

Pemanfaatan Urin Kelinci Dan Urin Sapi Sebagai Alternatif Pupuk Organik Cairpada Pembibitan Kakao (Theobroma Cacao L.), Santi Rosniawaty, Rija Sudirja, H. Afrianto

Jurnal Kultivasi

Pembibitan merupakan awal dari pertum-buhan tanaman. Bibit yang baik akan menghasil-kan tanaman yang berproduksi baik pula. Pemupukan merupakan salah satu hal penting dalam menghasilkan bibit yang baik. Peman-faatan urin kelinci dan urin sapi diharapkan dapat menjadi pupuk alternatif untuk pembi-bitan kakao. Percobaan telah di laksanakan pada bulan April-Agustus 2013 di Kebun Percobaan Ciparanje fakultas Pertanian Unpad, dengan ordo Inceptisol dan tipe curah hujan menurut klasifikasi Schmidt Ferguson. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah beberapa konsentrasi urin kelinci, konsentrasi urin sapi dan kombinasi urin dengan pupuk anorganik. Urin kelinci dan urin sapi difermentasikan terlebih dahulu sebelum digunakan. Rancangan percobaan yang diguna-kan adalah Rancangan …

Pathogenicity And Performance Of Two Candidate Isolates Of Metarhizium Anisopliae And Beauveria Bassiana (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) In Four Liquid Culture Media For The Management Of The Legume Pod Borer Maruca Vitrata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), V. Tumuhaise, S. Ekesi, S. A. Mohamed, P. N. Ndegwa, L. W. Irungu, R. Srinivasan, N. K. Maniania

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The aim of this study was to identify and develop entomopathogenic fungi as biopesticides for management of Maruca vitrata (Fabricius). Fourteen isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin and six of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. were screened against first instar larvae of M. vitrata. The two most virulent isolates were selected and further tested for production in four liquid media. Different formulations of one isolate were evaluated against different developmental stages. Metarhizium anisopliae ICIPE 18 and ICIPE 69 caused highest larval mortality of 91 and 81%, with lethal time to 50% mortality (LT50) values of 1.8 and 1.7 days and LC50 …

Assessing The Perceptions Of Faculty Advisors And Green Industry Professionals On The Value Of Student Participation In A Professional Development Competitive Event, Katelynn Diane Clement

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact Professional Landcare Network (PLANET) Student Career Days (SCD) professional development experience has on conceptual learning, job opportunities and placement, and job retention in the green industry. Student participants, PLANET judging team faculty advisors, and green industry professionals who attended the career fair were surveyed on their perceptions of PLANET Student Career Days and its related events. A block style survey was sent out to the participant groups. Depending on the participant's affiliation with PLANET Student Career Days, participants were asked a different set of questions in the survey. Each survey …

Evaluation And Association Mapping Of Resistance To Tan Spot And Stagonospora Nodorum Blotch In Adapted Winter Wheat Germplasm, Zhaohui Liu, Ibrahim El-Basyoni, Gayan Kariyawasam, Guorong Zhang, Allan Fritz, Jana Hansen, Francois Marais, Andrew Friskop, Shiaoman Chao, Eduard Akhunov, P. Stephen Baenziger

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Tan spot and Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB), often occurring together, are two economically significant diseases of wheat in the Northern Great Plains of the United States. They are caused by the fungi Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and Parastagonospora nodorum, respectively, both of which produce multiple necrotrophic effectors (NE) to cause disease. In this work, 120 hard red winter wheat (HRWW) cultivars or elite lines, mostly from the United States, were evaluated in the greenhouse for their reactions to the two diseases as well as NE produced by the two pathogens. One P. nodorum isolate (Sn4) and four Pyrenophora tritici-repentis isolates (Pti2, …

Proceedings Of The 42nd Annual Meeting, Southern Soybean Disease Workers (March 11-12, 2015, Pensacola Beach, Florida), Craig Rothrock, Ed Sikora, Trey Price, Danise Beadle, Myra Purvis, Tom Allen, Loren Giesler

Southern Soybean Disease Workers: Conference Proceedings

Contents

Schedule

Southern United States Soybean Disease Loss Estimates for 2014. TW Allen, JP Damicone, NS Dufault, TR Faske, DE Hershman, CA Hollier, T Isakeit, RC Kemerait, NM Kleczewski, SR Koenning, HL Mehl, JD Mueller, C Overstreet, P Price, EJ Sikora, and H Young

Graduate student competition (Trey Price, moderator)

Effect of Secondary Nutrient Applications on Suppression of Charcoal Rot in Soybean. T Wilkerson, M Tomasu-Peterson, BR Golden, S Lu, AB Johnson, and TW Allen

Molecular Characterization of the G143A Mutation Leading to QoI Fungicide Resistance among Fungal Pathogens Causing Cercospora Leaf Blight and Purple Seed Stain of Soybean. S …

Optimizing Western Flower Thrips Management On French Beans By Combined Use Of Beneficials And Imidacloprid, Johnson O. Nyasani, Sevgan Subramanian, Hans Michael Poehling, Nguya K. Maniania, Sunday Ekesi, Rainer Meyhöfer

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), is an important pest of vegetable crops worldwide and has developed resistance to many insecticides. The predatory mites Neoseiulus (=Amblyseius) cucumeris (Oudemans), the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.), and an insecticide (imidacloprid) were tested for their efficacy to reduce WFT population density and damage to French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) pods under field conditions in two planting periods. Metarhizium anisopliae was applied as a foliar spray weekly at a rate of one litre spray volume per plot while imidacloprid was applied as a soil drench every two weeks at a rate of two …

Morphological And Moisture Availability Controls Of The Leaf Area-To-Sapwood Area Ratio: Analysis Of Measurements On Australian Trees, Henrique Furstenau Togashi, Iain Colin Prentice, Bradley John Evans, David Ian Forrester, Paul Drake, Paul Feikema, Kim Brooksbank, Derek Eamus, Daniel Taylor

Natural Resources Research Articles

1. The leaf area-to-sapwood area ratio (LA:SA) is a key plant trait that links photosynthesis to transpiration. The pipe model theory states that the sapwood cross-sectional area of a stem or branch at any point should scale isometrically with the area of leaves distal to that point. Optimization theory further suggests that LA:SA should decrease toward drier climates. Although acclimation of LA:SA to climate has been reported within species, much less is known about the scaling of this trait with climate among species.
2. We compiled LA:SA measurements from 184 species of Australian evergreen angiosperm trees. The pipe model was …

Compost Carryover: Nitrogen Phosphorous And Ft-Ir Analysis Of Soil Organic Matter, Dave J. R. Olsen, Jeffrey B. Endelman, Astrid R. Jacobson, Jennifer R. Reeve

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

Compost plays a central role in organic soil fertility plans but is bulky and costly to apply. Determining compost carryover is therefore important for cost-effective soil fertility planning. This study investigated two aspects of nutritive carryover [nitrogen and phosphorus (P)], and an indicator of non-nutritive carryover [soil organic matter (SOM)] to determine the residual effect of a one-time compost application applied at four rates in a corn-squash rotation. Crop yield was measured as an integrated carryover indicator of nutritive and non-nutritive effects. Functional groups of compost and SOM were investigated using FT-IR spectroscopy and soil organic carbon (SOC). While year …

Systematics And Biogeography Of Orthaea Kloztsch (Ericaceae: Vaccinieae), Nelson Salinas

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In the first chapter a study of the distribution patterns of the neotropical Vaccinieae (Ericaceae) is presented. Five areas of endemism were recovered: Central America, northern Chocó, southern Chocó, eastern Ecuador, and Yungas. Divergence times estimations indicate that the Andean clade of Vaccinieae migrated to South America during the Late Oligocene or Early Miocene (28.9-17.84 MA), and most of the subsequent diversification took place during the Tertiary. The Yungas was the first Andean area to be colonized, and several dispersals towards the north expanded their distribution range. Both areas of endemism and dispersal events were influenced by geological processes, such …

Search For Host Factors Involved In Attachment Of Agrobacterium Tumefaciens To Plants, Anna Petrovicheva

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is able to infect a diverse array of plants and causes crown gall disease. Typically these bacteria attach to plant roots and transform the plant cells to induce tumors. The mechanism of this attachment in the infection process is not yet fully understood. Using wild type Arabidopsis thaliana, Columbia-0, and several Arabidopsis mutant lines as a binding target, we screened for A. thaliana mutants with altered adhesion.

The A. thaliana mutant lines were selected in The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) according to possible location of the resulting protein and similarity to known transformation mutants. Of these mutants …

Bacterial Wilt Of Dry-Edible Beans In The Central High Plains Of The U.S.: Past, Present, And Future, Robert M. Harveson, Howard F. Schwartz, Carlos A. Urrea, C. Dean Yonts

Panhandle Research and Extension Center

Bacterial wilt, caused by Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens, was first recognized and described as a new dry bean disease near Redfield, South Dakota, after the 1921 growing season on the farm of the Office of Forage Investigations. The grower on this farm informed the federal investigators that he believed the disease to be the same one that killed 90% of his crop in 1920. For the 1921 season, he saved and planted the seed harvested from the previous year, resulting in an estimated 25% loss.

. . .

It is likely that wilt has “reappeared” and become widely established throughout …

Characterization Of Novel Sorghum Brown Midrib Mutants From An Ems-Mutagenized Population, Scott E. Sattler, Ana Saballos, Zhanguo Xin, Deanna L. Funnell-Harris, Wilfred Vermerris, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Reducing lignin concentration in lignocellulosic biomass can increase forage digestibility for

ruminant livestock and saccharification yields of biomass for bioenergy. In sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and several other C4 grasses, brown midrib (bmr) mutants have been shown to reduce lignin concentration. Putative bmr mutants isolated from an EMS-mutagenized population were characterized and classified based on their leaf midrib phenotype and allelism tests with the previously described sorghum bmr mutants bmr2, bmr6, and bmr12. These tests resulted in the identification of additional alleles of bmr2, bmr6, and bmr12, and, in addition, six bmr …

Patch Burning: Implications On Water Erosion And Soil Properties, Altingul Ozaslan Parlak, Mehmet Parlak, Humberto Blanco-Canqui, Walter H. Schacht, John A. Guretzky, Martha Mamo

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Patch burning can be a potential management tool to create grassland heterogeneity and enhance forage productivity and plant biodiversity, but its impacts on soil and environment have not been widely documented. In summer 2013, we studied the effect of time after patch burning (4 mo after burning [recently burned patches], 16 mo after burning [older burned patches], and unburned patches [control]) on vegetative cover, water erosion, and soil properties on a patch-burn experiment established in 2011 on a Yutan silty clay loam near Mead, NE. The recently burned patches had 29 ± 8.0% (mean ± SD) more bare ground, 21 …

Productivity And Biological Nitrogen Fixation Of Different Species Of Vetches (Vicia Spp.) Under The Rainfed Conditions Of West Asia, Ali Abd El Moneim, Mohan C. Saxena

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The low rainfall areas of West Asia are characterized by pastoral production system primarily based on small ruminants (sheep and goats). Rangelands serve as the main source of feed. With increasing population, the demand for livestock products has increased. As a consequence, the stocking rates have soared, increasing the pressure on rangelands. Rangeland degradation has therefore been increasing threatening the sustainability of livestock production system and the livelihood of the people dependent on it. Production of additional feed is essential to reduce the pressure on rangelands. Vetches (Vicia spp.) are endemic in the area and can be potential source …

Livestock Production From Grasslands With Improved Management Compared To Traditional Management, Florian Leiber

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The value of traditional versus improved management systems for grassland is discussed. The set target is the persistence of the ecological, economic and social multifunctionality of grasslands and the increase of food output from these areas without increasing parallel requirements for arable crop or energy inputs. Based on the fact that historically traditional systems were stable and sustainable in many cases, while severe damage is faced nowadays, it is argued that lot of improvement should be based on the acknowledgment of successful traditional practises. The challenge might rather be to define improvement as a contemporary development of traditional techniques. The …

Potential Of Forages In Crop Diversification And Crop Rotation, Martin H. Entz, Joanne Thiessen Martens

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Redesign of agricultural systems according to ecological principles has been proposed for the development of sustainable systems. We review a wide variety of ecologically-based crop production practices that focus on forage crops in farming systems and discuss their potential role in enhancing the profitability, environmental sustainability and resilience. Crop-livestock systems that most closely mimic natural systems through appropriate integration of diverse components appear to offer the greatest potential benefits. These systems are more energy efficient and combine high productivity with low ecological footprint. Greater understanding of ecological relationships within crop-livestock systems are required to purposefully and proactively redesign agricultural systems …

Forage Seed Quality: Dormancy, Standards And Quarantine, John G. Hampton

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

There are many dimensions to the concept of seed quality. Viable seed which will not germinate when provided with all the requirements for germination is dormant. Forage grasses mostly exhibit non-deep physiological dormancy (PD), while physical dormancy (PY) is common in forage legumes where imbibition is prevented by the seed coat’s impermeability to water (hard seed). Methods for breaking PD and PY to allow germination testing and/or crop establishment are discussed.

In the seed industry seed quality standards are an important feature of quality assurance and may apply for seed production contracts, seed certification, seed sale and seed importing. Standards …

Quality Seed Production And Effective Marketing Systems For Development Of Grasslands, M. Philip Rolston

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Seed quality is defined as (i) maintaining genetic purity using seed certification principles (generation system; isolation; previous cropping history); (ii) achieving high levels of physical purity (especially low weed seed levels) by in field weed control and seed cleaning; (iii) achieving high levels of seed germination at harvest and maintaining germination through the seed supply chain. Seed production systems must not only produce high quality seed but also achieve economic seed yields. Seed crops have to be profitable (by being high yielding) to justify the investment of time and input costs to achieve quality. This in turn requires supporting research …

Scouting Benefits And Developing Innovations In Temperate Grassland To Sustainable Agriculture Production, Walter Ayala, Ethel Barrios, Ignacio Macedo, Jorge Sawchik, José A. Terra

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Agricultural intensification raises concern about land use and future effects to natural resources. The world demand for grain, meat and forest products is increasing constantly. Changes are occurring at large scale, being a compromise for policy makers to contribute to identify opportunities to readdress the productive scenario. There is available technology to reduce impacts, without restricting necessarily productivity. Grasslands provide a large series of economical and ecological benefits to the agricultural systems, being the literature exhaustive in examples. Ley-farming and cover crops technologies are good examples of environmentally sound soil management practices. The society is also worried about an improper …