Evaluation Of The Aquacrop Model For Simulating Cotton Yield Under A Semi-Arid Environment And Different Field Management Practices,
2024
Cotton Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran
Evaluation Of The Aquacrop Model For Simulating Cotton Yield Under A Semi-Arid Environment And Different Field Management Practices, Ghorban Ghorbani Nasrabad, Meysam Abedinpour, Abotaleb Hazarjaribi
The Philippine Agricultural Scientist
Cotton plays an important role in increasing productivity in the agricultural sector and related industries in the province of Golestan, Iran. However, the cultivation areas decreased considerably in the last couple of decades due to the high costs of production, water scarcity, and climate change. To encourage sustainable increase in production, crop simulation models are parameterized for each region using observed field data. In this study, the AquaCrop model was calibrated and validated for cotton under different field management scenarios using data from a 3-yr field experiment, which was conducted at the research farm of the National Cotton Research Institute, …
Taxonomy Of Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) - 1: Identification And Local Distribution Of The Predominant Species On Witches’ Broom-Diseased Plants In The Philippines,
2024
Entomology Section, Museum of Natural History and Environmental Biology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños
Taxonomy Of Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) - 1: Identification And Local Distribution Of The Predominant Species On Witches’ Broom-Diseased Plants In The Philippines, Ireneo L. Lit Jr., Cristian Lucañas, Joanne Langres, Lolita Dolores, Ruby Ana Laude, Merdelyn Caasi-Lit
The Philippine Agricultural Scientist
Samples of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) plants infected with witches’ broom disease were gathered from 13 provinces in the Philippines. Mealybugs were observed to occur in nine out of the 13 cumulative samples. The most predominant among several mealybug species observed was identified as Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel and Miller. P. jackbeardsleyi is not yet known to transmit phytoplasma, especially the one causing cassava witches’ broom (CWB). However, its occurrence in almost 70% of the CWB-infected samples provides circumstantial evidence that it may be related to the spread of the pathogen. This formal report of identification is in support of the …
Agrobacterium-Mediated Genetic Transformation And Plant Regeneration From Cotyledons In Philippine Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.) Acc. ‘Ph 11424’,
2024
Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, 4031, Philippines
Agrobacterium-Mediated Genetic Transformation And Plant Regeneration From Cotyledons In Philippine Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.) Acc. ‘Ph 11424’, Mark Gabriel Sagarbarria, John Albert Caraan, Patrick Lipio, Ian Bien Oloc-Oloc, Kazuo Watanabe, Desiree Hautea
The Philippine Agricultural Scientist
Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is one of the most important vegetables grown and consumed in the Philippines hence, continuous breeding programs are vital to maintain the supply of this economically important crop. This study demonstrates the first successful Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation and plant regeneration of the Philippine eggplant cultivar ‘PH 11424’, also known as ‘Mistisa’. Cotyledons from 2-wk-old seedlings were used as explants, which were transformed with disarmed Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harboring a binary vector for CRISPR/Cas9 expression and hygromycin phosphotransferase (HPT), an antibiotic selection marker. Growth of shoot primordia from the agro-infected explants was observed during selective culture …
Effects Of Redrying Methods On The Milling Potential, Crude Protein And Total Phenolic Content, And Antioxidant Activity Of Stored Inorganic And Organically-Grown Paddy,
2024
PhilRice Batac, City of Batac, Ilocos Norte, Philippines
Effects Of Redrying Methods On The Milling Potential, Crude Protein And Total Phenolic Content, And Antioxidant Activity Of Stored Inorganic And Organically-Grown Paddy, Mary Ann Baradi, Jessica Solero, Clarence Dangcil, Gerome Corpuz, Marissa Romero
The Philippine Agricultural Scientist
This study sought to determine the effects of redrying techniques (no redrying or Control, 2-h, 4-h, and 6-h redrying with stirring every 30 min, Farmer's Practice or 6-h redrying with one stirring) on grain quality of stored inorganic and organic paddy rice as well as the redrying method that gives the best quality rice. PSB Rc82 rice harvested in October 2016 was used in the experiment conducted in February 2017. Quality parameters evaluated were moisture content, brown rice, total milled rice, crude protein content in percent, total phenolic content, and 2-2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. PSB Rc82 paddy exposed …
Insecticide Contamination In Organic Agriculture: Evidence From A Long-Term Farming Systems Comparisons Trial,
2024
Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau
Insecticide Contamination In Organic Agriculture: Evidence From A Long-Term Farming Systems Comparisons Trial, Ivonne Kampermann, David Bautze, Millicent Mapili, Martha Musyoka, Edward Karanja, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Janet Irungu, Noah Adamtey
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
Synthetic pesticides applied in conventional agriculture to control pests tend to compromise ecosystem services, and their residues may contaminate organic agriculture. To understand the significance of this contamination, also in small-scale farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa, quantitative data is required. Therefore, we compared synthetic insecticide and botanical/biopesticide residues in conventional and organic agricultural production systems after nine years of continuous cultivation of a maize-based crop rotation system at two sites in Kenya. Our results show high detectable concentrations of synthetic insecticide residues (imidacloprid, acetamiprid, chlorpyrifos, and chlorantraniliprole) in conventional plant produce and soil. Furthermore, the organophosphate chlorpyrifos was detected at …
Arkansas Cotton Variety Tests 2023,
2024
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Arkansas Cotton Variety Tests 2023, F. Bourland, J. Gann, B. Milano, B. Guest, L. Martin, J. Mcalee
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
The primary goal of the Arkansas Cotton Variety Tests is to provide unbiased data regarding the agronomic performance of cotton varieties and advanced breeding lines in the major cotton-growing areas of Arkansas. This information helps seed companies establish marketing strategies and assists producers in choosing varieties to plant. These annual evaluations will then facilitate the inclusion of new, improved genetic material in Arkansas cotton production. Adaptation of varieties is determined by evaluating the lines at five University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture research sites (Manila, Keiser, Judd Hill, Marianna, and Rohwer). The 2023 tests at Keiser were adversely affected …
Variation In Leaf Chlorophyll Concentration In Response To Nitrogen
Application Across Maize Hybrids In Contrasting Environments,
2024
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
Variation In Leaf Chlorophyll Concentration In Response To Nitrogen Application Across Maize Hybrids In Contrasting Environments, Kyle M. Linders, Dipak K. Santra, James C. Schnable, Brandi Sigmon
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Leaf chlorophyll concentration was measured for 84 publicly available maize hybrids grown under three nitrogen fertilizer treatments in two contrasting environments in Nebraska. The effect of nitrogen treatment on chlorophyll response was found to be significant (p < 0.05) for both locations. In Scottsbluff, chlorophyll concentrations increased significantly with increasing nitrogen rate, while no significant difference was found between medium and high nitrogen in Lincoln. Within equivalent nitrogen treatments, chlorophyll was more abundant in Lincoln than Scottsbluff for nearly every hybrid. Hybrid response was not consistent between environments, with approximately 11% of variance explained by genotype by environment interaction.
Wayne E. Sabbe Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 2023,
2024
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Wayne E. Sabbe Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 2023, Nathan A. Slaton
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
Rapid technological changes in crop management and production require that the research efforts be presented in an expeditious manner. The contributions of soil fertility and fertilizers are major production factors in all Arkansas crops. The studies described within will allow producers to compare their practices with the university’s research efforts. Additionally, soil-test data and fertilizer sales are presented to allow comparisons among years, crops, and other areas within Arkansas.
Germplasm Enhancement Of Annual Forage Legumes Suitable For Use In Cold Highland Environments,
2024
Central Research Institute for Field Crops, Turkey
Germplasm Enhancement Of Annual Forage Legumes Suitable For Use In Cold Highland Environments, H K. Firincioglu, N Karagullu, S Unal, A M. Abd-El Moneim
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The Central Highlands (CH) of Turkey are characterized by cold winters and dry summers. Under these extreme air temperatures, forage crops are still underexploited as a part of crop rotations. Half of the total vetch hectarage in Turkey is in the CH, and farmers still use the local cultivars that have good adaptability but low yield potential. Therefore, with the aim of identifying and improving the annual forage legume species for the cold and dry environment of the CH, research work was carried out during the 1993/94 and 1994/ 95 crop seasons. Initial results showed that Hungarian vetch (Vicia …
Use Of The Grazing Animal In Forage Breeding,
2024
University of Georgia
Use Of The Grazing Animal In Forage Breeding, J H. Bouton, C S. Hoveland, R N. Gates
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of these studies was to determine, in the context of a forage breeding program, the effect of cattle grazing on survival of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). Different cultivars of each species were compared in grazed and ungrazed areas. Results consistently demonstrated that grazing reduced plant stands when compared to ungrazed conditions for each species tested. In alfalfa, however, cultivars developed for grazing tolerance showed much better grazing survival. Infection with the fungal endophyte, Acremonium coenophialum Morgan-Jones & Gams, likewise substantially increased grazing survival in …
Study Of Genotype X Environment Interaction In Alfalfa Forage Yield,
2024
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Study Of Genotype X Environment Interaction In Alfalfa Forage Yield, S N. Acharya, G C. Kozub, H Najda, A Aasen
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The response of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) forage yield to eight Alberta test sites was studied for the 1990 and 1991 production years. Cluster analysis was used to group locations and cultivars. Analyses of variances indicated genotype x environment (location) interaction for the first cut yield, the total yield and the difference between first and second cut yields. The Brooks, Bow Island (irrigation), Bow Island (dryland) and Provost locations always clustered together indicating that three of these four test sites may be eliminated without sacrificing reliability.
Selection For Self-Fertility And Self-Fertility In Alfalfa As A Tool For Breeding Strategy Assessment,
2024
University of Perugia
Selection For Self-Fertility And Self-Fertility In Alfalfa As A Tool For Breeding Strategy Assessment, D Rosellini, F Veronesi, F Lorenzetti
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Cultivar development in alfalfa relies on heterosis, that has been mainly exploited by intercrossing selected clones from diverse gemplasm sources; an alternative way was proposed, based on developing double cross cultivars obtained by crossing clones selected for self-sterility, propagated by somatic seed. A different breeding strategy was recently emphasized based on population improvement through inbreeding and recurrent selection; in this case, self-sterility would be selected against. If self-sterility is determined by genetic load, the second strategy should be preferred, and selecting for self-fertility may bring about positive correlated responses for forage yield. Divergent selection for self-fertility was applied in a …
Morphological And Rapd Variations And Regenerants Derived From Cell Suspension Culture Of Pangolagrass,
2024
Taiwan Livestock Research Institute, Taiwan
Morphological And Rapd Variations And Regenerants Derived From Cell Suspension Culture Of Pangolagrass, C S. Chen, S M. Wang, Y K. Cheng
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Pangolagrass cv. A254, a sterile strain, is one of Taiwan's major forage sources but recently has faced serious disease problems. Tissue culture was expected to generate variations in the breeding program of pangolagrass. The purpose of this study is to examine the somaclonal variation of regenerated plants by means of phenotypic characters survey and RAPD analysis. After long-term suspension culture and EMS mutagenesis, many regenerated plants with morphological variations have been found. Among the regenerants, 10 clones with obviously different characteristics were selected for further studies. Nine of them showed significant differences in morphological trains as compared to A254. By …
Phylogenetics Of Apomictic Common Dallisgrass (Paspalum Dilatatum),
2024
USDA, Agricultural Research Service
Phylogenetics Of Apomictic Common Dallisgrass (Paspalum Dilatatum), B L. Burson, M A. Hussey
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Common dallisgrass, Paspalum dilatatum Poir., an important warm season forage grass, is an obligate apomict with 50 chromosomes which associate as 20 bivalents and 10 univalents during meiosis. Because efforts to improve the grass have not been successful, a phylogenetic investigation was initiated to identify the progenitors of common dallisgrass in an effort to circumvent the apomictic barrier to improvement. The genomic composition has been determined for four dallisgrass biotypes: yellow-anthered (2n=4x=40) IIJJ; common (2n=5x=50) IIJJX; Uruguayan (2n=6x=60) IIJJXX; and Uruguaiana (2n=6x=60) IIJJXX. While the source of the X genome is unknown, the genes controlling apomixis are on at least …
Increased Longevity Of Red Clover Through Selection For Persistence And Disease Resistance,
2024
USDA, Agricultural Research Service
Increased Longevity Of Red Clover Through Selection For Persistence And Disease Resistance, R R. Smith
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), an excellent perennial forage legume, has been considered for many years to be a short-lived, two to three years, forage. Selection for resistance to foliar and root rot diseases and for longevity of stand over the past four decades has improved the persistence of the currently available cultivars. The present studies were conducted to evaluate the progress from selection for longevity and disease resistance. Selection for stand longevity and improved disease resistance has reliably extended the production of red clover into the third and fourth year. Selection for healthy plants in 3- or …
Backcrosses Of Diploid Lolium-Festuca Hybrids To Festuca,
2024
Humboldt-University Berlin
Backcrosses Of Diploid Lolium-Festuca Hybrids To Festuca, W Nitzche
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Fertile diploid hybrids of Lolium x Festuca -backcrosses were produced by colchicine-treatment without chromosome doubling. The hybrids have new combinations of their characters, not known in the natural species.
Selection For Herbage Yield And Flowering In Ladino White Clover,
2024
INIA La Estanzuela, Uruguay
Selection For Herbage Yield And Flowering In Ladino White Clover, J A. Garcia
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A geno-phenotypic recurrent selection program is being carried out on ladino white clover (Trifolium repens L.) aiming to combine good DM and seed yields. Selection criteria includes plant density, vigor, winter growth, flowering and diseases resistance. The performance of selections in terms of DM yields and seed production was evaluated in separate trials. Two cycles of selection increased flowering by 36% and seed yield by 59%. Preliminary data on herbage yields shows a very good performance of the selected material and suggests the feasibility of combining high DM and seed yields.
Selection For Field Survival Increases Freezing Tolerance In Festulolium,
2024
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Selection For Field Survival Increases Freezing Tolerance In Festulolium, M D. Casler, P G. Pitts, P C. Bilkey, C A. Rose-Fricker
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Festulolium (Festulolium braunii K.A.) is marginally adapted to the north central and northeastern USA and southern Canada. The purpose of this study was to evaluate four festulolium populations selected for field survival under harsh winter conditions for their freezing tolerance in controlled environments. Progenies of all four populations showed some improvement in freezing tolerance compared to their parents. Improvements were dependent on the temperature at which measurements were made and varied among germplasms. Improvements were manifested in both decreased plant mortality and decreased injury to surviving plants. Genetic variation for freezing tolerance appears to be a viable mechanism …
Fitness Of Apomictic And Sexual Buffelgrass Germplasm,
2024
The Texas A&M University
Fitness Of Apomictic And Sexual Buffelgrass Germplasm, M A. Hussey, Yue-Wen Wang, B L. Burson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Breeding apomictic grasses is based on either the direct selection of apomictic landraces or the hybridization of sexual and apomictic types and selection of apomictic F1 hybrids. Little is known about the potential of sexual hybrids as cultivars in apomictic species. To determine if method of reproduction (MOR) was related to plant vigor, parental, S1, and F1 hybrids of buffelgrass differing in method of reproduction (apomictic or sexual) were established in a common garden in 1994 and 1995. In both years severe inbreeding depression was observed in the S1 progeny as they were shorter, produced less biomass, and had low …
Selection For Nitrogen Use Efficiency In Perennial Ryegrass Using Hydroponics,
2024
DLO-Centre for Plant Breeding and Reproduction Research, The Netherlands
Selection For Nitrogen Use Efficiency In Perennial Ryegrass Using Hydroponics, E N. Van Loo, A.J. P. Van Wijk, O Dolstra, H.J. P. Marvin, C.H. A. Snijders
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A selection method was tested for improving nitrogen use efficiency of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) using a hydroponics system that controls the plant nitrogen concentration. Divergent selection for plant production, leaf area increase and dry matter distribution in six segregating populations under limiting nitrogen supply resulted in differences between offspring of upward and downward selections larger than 20 % in most characteristics. Moderately high realized heritabilities were found for some characteristics (up to 0.88). It is concluded that early selection for nitrogen use efficiency is feasible using this hydroponics system.
