Legume-Legume Complementary For Sustainable Pasture Development In The Tropics,
2024
ILRI
Legume-Legume Complementary For Sustainable Pasture Development In The Tropics, M Peters, S A. Tarawali, R Schultze-Kraft, A Musa
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The use of legume-legume mixtures to alleviate limitations of individual species in legume based technologies was investigated in subhumid Nigeria. The results indicate the potential of legume mixtures, through processes of complementation and compensation, to reduce the risk of legume establishment and survival and thus ensure sustainable legume yields and percentages. The implications for on-farm adoption of forage legumes are discussed.
Grass-Legume Mixtures Under Grazing,
2024
Universidad Autonoma de Chapingo
Grass-Legume Mixtures Under Grazing, R D. Amendola Massiotti, C Garcia Alvarez, J Juarez Ramirez
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Nine grass-legume mixtures were evaluated during their first year. A factorial experiment was carried out using a complete block design. Herbage on offer and residual herbage were estimated allowing calculation of net herbage production, herbage accumulation rate and grazing efficiency. The mixture of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) with a net herbage production of 22 407 kg dry matter (DM) per ha outyielded white clover (Trifolium repens L.) mixtures. Substitution of alfalfa by white clover in the mixtures resulted in reduction of herbage accumulation rate by 19 kg DM ha-1 day-1 . …
Competition Between Oats And Annual Ryegrass Under Grazing,
2024
Universidad Autonoma de Chapingo
Competition Between Oats And Annual Ryegrass Under Grazing, R D. Amendola Massiotti, B Morales Mendez
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A replacement series experiment was carried out at Chapingo, México aimed to study the seasonal evolution of growth rates of oats (Avena sativa L.) and annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) in monocultures and mixtures. Three grazing cycles took place in a period of 181 days. Herbage mass on offer and residual herbage mass were measured, allowing the calculation of herbage accumulation rates. Aggressiveness of oats was higher during the first 105 days growth period, later in the season annual ryegrass was more aggressive than oats. The advantage of the mixture compared to monocultures, depends on a more efficient …
Effects Of Planting Dates On Field Emergence And Forage Yield Of Sudangrass And Sorghum,
2024
Taiwan Livestock Research Institute
Effects Of Planting Dates On Field Emergence And Forage Yield Of Sudangrass And Sorghum, Fu-Hsing Hsu, Kong-Yuan Hong
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Sudangrass (Sorghum sudanense) and sorghum (S. bicolor) are annual forage species with ratoon growth. Objectives of this experiment were to determine the effects of planting dates on field emergence and forage yield of sudangrass and sorghum. Sudangrass and sorghum were planted monthly from mid-March to mid-October in 1994 and 1995, respectively. Emerged plants were recorded daily. Surviving seedlings were determined 2 weeks after emergence. Emergence percentages of sudangrass ranged from 61.7% to 90.6% and those of sorghum ranged from 47.5% to 81.3% in 1994. All the surviving percentages were above 90% for both sudangrass and sorghum in 1994. …
The Induction Of Dormancy In Grass Seed By Paclobutrazol: A Method To Improve Fall Seedings,
2024
USDA, NRCS
The Induction Of Dormancy In Grass Seed By Paclobutrazol: A Method To Improve Fall Seedings, P R. Salon, A A. Khan
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Dormancy can be induced in grass seeds by soaking in aqueous solution of gibberellin synthesis inhibitors, such as paclobutrazol and tetcyclacis. In a study conducted with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceae Schreb.), dormancy was induced by a 48 hour soak at 35° C in 100 micromolar tetcyclacis (TCY) and 100 micromolar paclobutrazol (PB) as determined by failure to emerge at 20° C. Emergence in the untreated, water soaked, TCY soaked and PB soaked seeds were 92, 92, 10 and 18 % respectively. The containers containing seed and seedlings were then held at 5°C …
Growth Of Heifers And Changes In Vegetation In A Natural Grassland Oversown With Caribbean Stylo,
2024
Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute
Growth Of Heifers And Changes In Vegetation In A Natural Grassland Oversown With Caribbean Stylo, Vinod Shankar, J N. Gupta, V S. Upadhyay
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The paper reports a three year study on the growth of heifers and vegetational changes in a natural grassland oversown with caribbean stylo and grazed in a deferred- rotational grazing system. There were two feeding treatments. One set of grazing heifers was given common salt only. The other set of heifers were given supplemental feeding of leucaena green @4 per cent or Leucaena hay @ 1 per cent body weight. The supplemental feeding of leucaena was beneficial in terms of body weight gain particularly during the dry summer months. Population of the caribbean stylo oversown in natural Sehima- Heteropogon …
Grazing Strategies To Increase Persistence Of Phalaris Aquatica L. In Summer Rainfall Areas Of Temperate Australia,
2024
NSW Agriculture
Grazing Strategies To Increase Persistence Of Phalaris Aquatica L. In Summer Rainfall Areas Of Temperate Australia, G M. Lodge
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A grazing strategy of resting Phalaris aquatica L. pastures in springearly summer (to increase the presence of flowering tillers over summer) and autumn (to allow bud and tiller development) markedly increased its persistence, compared with continuously grazed plots in a summer rainfall environment.
Impact Of A Pastoral Fallow On The Morphology And Growth Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) In New Zealand Hill Pasture,
2024
Massey University
Impact Of A Pastoral Fallow On The Morphology And Growth Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) In New Zealand Hill Pasture, Z N. Nie, I Valentine, D J. Barker, A D. Mackay, J Hodgson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Lifting the content and improving the distribution of perennial legumes such as white clover (Trifolium repens L.) of hill pastures in New Zealand is a major objective of a pasture improvement programme. This paper reports on the ecology of white clover over a 2 year post-fallow period. The fallow was a 7 month period without defoliation over spring-summer-autumn. The stolon length and weight of white clover increased from year 1 (94/95) to year 2 (95/ 96) post-fallowing (P<0.1 and 0.05, respectively), while the average internode length declined (P<0.05). However, the white clover growth rate was not significantly increased in the two measurement years. Fallowing significantly increased grass growth rate (P<0.05) in the two years post-fallowing. The grasses seemed to have an immediate response post-fallowing, while the response of white clover was slower and cumulative.
The Potential Of Winter Rye Cultivars In The Gauteng Province Of South Africa,
2024
University of Pretoria
The Potential Of Winter Rye Cultivars In The Gauteng Province Of South Africa, C C. Botha, N.F. G. Rethman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Trials were conducted at the Hatfield Experimental Farm to evaluate eight rye cultivars (Secale cereale) in terms of production and development during different seasons. These consisted of a pot experiment, comparing two water regimes, and a field trial, comprising different planting dates, in order to observe phenological development. SSR 729, a South African winter rye, and imported cultivars compared favourably with the traditional cultivars. The winter rye cultivars are good substitutes for the “old” cultivars for the production of green forage in the autumn/winter period.
Analysis Of Pasture Management Practices Within A Pasture Composition Matrix Model,
2024
NSW Agriculture
Analysis Of Pasture Management Practices Within A Pasture Composition Matrix Model, D R. Kemp, D L. Michalk, P M. Dowling, T A. Klein
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In extensive livestock industries better pasture management is seen as the main strategy to improve poor quality pastures, or to maintain newly sown ones. Pasture management practices need to be evaluated within a framework that considers the desirability of changes in species composition rather than simply considering the statistical significance of the results. This can be done through the state and transition model used in rangelands management, but difficulties were found when applying that model to temperate perennial pastures as the interactions between species often showed continuous distributions. An alternative pasture composition matrix model based on the ratios of functional …
Productivity Of Silphium Perfoliatum L. In Low Input Agricultural Systems,
2024
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Productivity Of Silphium Perfoliatum L. In Low Input Agricultural Systems, G Pichard, R Cussen, F Moore
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
There is a large area in the coastal region of southern Chile affected by low productivity of soils and severe climatic limitations, which is owned mainly by small farmers. This research was conducted with dairy farmers producing an average of 20,000 liters/year whose main problem is cattle underfeeding because of severe seasonal cycles in pasture growth and extended overgrazing of natural grasslands of low production potential. Silphium perfoliatum L. is a perennial forage species that grows well during the summer period when grasslands have stopped their growth due to moisture stress and high temperatures. Based on the agronomic results and …
Dry Matter Production And Nutritive Value Of Forage Of Digitaria Eriantha Cv. Irene In Two Locations Of The Central Semi-Arid Region Of Argentina,
2024
Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
Dry Matter Production And Nutritive Value Of Forage Of Digitaria Eriantha Cv. Irene In Two Locations Of The Central Semi-Arid Region Of Argentina, C A. Frasinelli, H J. Petruzzi, J H. Veneciano, C M. Ferri, V V. Jouve, N P. Stritzler, O A. Terenti
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The aim of this experiment was to compare dry matter (DM) production rates and nutritive value of a warm-season grass, Digitaria eriantha cv. Irene, in two locations of Central Argentina, Santa Rosa (SR) and Villa Mercedes (VM). The plants were established in two identical groups of plots, within a randomized block design. DM rates were calculated from serial, out of phase clippings, and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and crude protein (CP) content analyzed on subsamples. The study lasted for three consecutive growing seasons. Results showed that DM production rates were generally higher (P<0.05) in SR than in VM, but IVDMD and CP content showed no clear trends between both locations. DM production tended to lower from year 1 to 3, related to processes of N depletion from soils (VM) and diminishing rainfall (SR). It is concluded that D.eriantha is a very promising warm-season grass to Central Argentina. Data of nutritive value obtained in one location can be used in others, but results of DM production rates should be taken under the conditions where they will be used.
Pasture Species For Grazing-Based Dairy Production Under Irrigated In The Intermountain West,
2024
Utah State University
Pasture Species For Grazing-Based Dairy Production Under Irrigated In The Intermountain West, J W. Macadam, R E. Whitesides, M B. Winger, S Buffler
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Forage trials were established in response to producer interest in grazing-based dairy production. The quantity and seasonal distribution of yield of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), white clover (Trifolium repens var. giganteum L.), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), and cicer milkvetch (Astragalus cicer L.) harvested three times were similar, with about half the production occurring in June. Legume quality was higher in June, and quality for all species was highest in late summer. Yields of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), meadow bromegrass (Bromus riparius Rehm.) and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis …
Interpreting Guineagrass Behaviour Under Different Clipping, Nitrogen And Irradiance Regimesa,
2024
Universidad del Zulia
Interpreting Guineagrass Behaviour Under Different Clipping, Nitrogen And Irradiance Regimesa, A Paez, M E. Gonzalez, L Villavicencio, A Salazar, D Tissue
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
An increase in the photosynthetic rate of the remaining tissues or regrowth has been proposed to explain compensatory growth after defoliation. In fact, we observed this effect in guineagrass, but it was not solely related to higher stomatal conductance. Nitrogen and irradiance may influence this response in the field, interacting with clipping. The objective of this research was to determine if these factors alter photosynthesis of intensively clipped well-watered guineagrass. Plants grown in a soil mixture were placed in the shade and in full sunlight. After establishment, some plants in each irradiance were clipped monthly at 20-cm, and the others …
Separate Harvest Of Leaves From The Stems Of Lucerne Stands,
2024
University of Halle-Wittenberg
Separate Harvest Of Leaves From The Stems Of Lucerne Stands, L Schmidt
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Lucerne leaves have significantly higher crude protein and lower crude fibre contents than the stems. The present methods for separating the leaves from the stems have serious deficiencies. Early harvesting, for example, weakens the lucerne stand, and sifting after artificial drying impairs quality. Above that, preparation of leaf protein concentrates is rather expensive. Field trials with a pronged cylinder which strips the leaves from the stems produced leaf yields of ž 80 % with a stem portion of £ 15 % (containing ž 26 % crude protein and £ 18 % crude fibre in the dry matter). Lucerne leaves can …
Persistence Of Contrasting Perennial Ryegrass- White Clover Mixtures At Two Defoliation Frequencies,
2024
Wageningen Agricultural University
Persistence Of Contrasting Perennial Ryegrass- White Clover Mixtures At Two Defoliation Frequencies, A Elgersma, H Schlepers
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Mixtures of two cultivars of perennial ryegrass with contrasting growth habits and three white clover cultivars differing in leaf sizes were evaluated at two cutting frequencies to study white clover persistence. A trial was sown in 1991 on a clay soil. The plots received no nitrogen fertilizer. Throughout the years, mixtures with the large-leaved clover cv. Alice yielded significantly more herbage dry matter and had a higher clover content than mixtures with cvs. Gwenda and Retor. Companion grass cultivar did not consistently affect yield, nor botanical composition. Cutting at 2 t DM ha-1 resulted in slightly higher total annual yields …
Species Composition And Forage Quality Of Birdsfoot Trefoil (Lotus Corniculatus L.) - Grass Mixtures,
2024
University of Wisconsin-River Falls
Species Composition And Forage Quality Of Birdsfoot Trefoil (Lotus Corniculatus L.) - Grass Mixtures, L J. Greub, D J. Undersander
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This study compares yield, species composition, and forage quality of binary mixtures of two birdsfoot trefoil cultivars (‘Witt’ and ‘Dawn’) and six cool-season forage grasses. Stands were established by no-till seeding into glyphosate killed pasture sod in May and in August. Heavy autumn dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber) competition reduced trefoil survival in August seedings. The proportion of trefoil in the herbage varied widely but in spring-seeded seeding year stands it was always highest with Kentucky bluegrass (maximum of 740 g kg-1, first harvest, 1994) and usually lowest (107 g kg-1 or less) with perennial ryegrass, reed canarygrass, or orchardgrass. …
Winter-Hardiness And Pasture Productivity Of Some White Clover Cultivars In New York,
2024
Utah State University
Winter-Hardiness And Pasture Productivity Of Some White Clover Cultivars In New York, H D. Karsten, G W. Fick
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
California Ladino (Ladino) the recommended white clover (Trifolium repens L.) cultivar, was compared to ‘Milkanova’, ‘Ranger’, and ‘Will’ from 1994 to 1996 on a dairy farm in New York. Each cultivar was represented by clones of 40 different mother plants in four blocks. Within each block for each cultivar, individuals from ten different mother plants were planted in seven 1m rows. To compare the cultivars, stolon density, growing point density, stolon starch and sugar concentrations, and plants/m were measured in autumn and spring. During the growing season rows were visually rated and aboveground biomass was sampled to estimate yield. Stolon …
Evaluation Of Grassland Advance Tall Fescue Under Grazing,
2024
AgResearch Grasslands, NZ
Evaluation Of Grassland Advance Tall Fescue Under Grazing, R.J M. Hay, T B. Lyons, H S. Easton
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Four cultivars of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) were evaluated under sheep grazing at Palmerston North, New Zealand to assess the productivity and persistence of the newly released cultivar Grasslands Advance. Results from four years under grazing showed Grasslands Advance to be a considerable improvement over the older cultivar Grasslands Roa in both total sward yield and in dry matter contribution of tall fescue. It outperformed the other three cultivars in years 2 and 3 and was not significantly different to Grasslands Roa and AU Triumph in year 1 or AU Triumph in year 4. Seasonal production was excellent …
Evaluation Of Five Bahiagrass Cultivars In Southwest Florida,
2024
University of Florida
Evaluation Of Five Bahiagrass Cultivars In Southwest Florida, R M. Muchovej, J J. Mullahey
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Bahiagrass, mostly of the cultivar Pensacola, is the predominant grass in Florida and occupies two million hectares of the five million currently under pastures in the state. Several other cultivars exist and are available to ranchers through seed producing companies. This study compares five cultivars of bahiagrass (T-9, Pensacola, Argentine, Paraguay, and T-7) with respect to dry matter yield, nitrogen content, and digestibility in Southwest Florida. Evaluations were made at intervals of approximately 35 days from late June to early December. Forage production was greatest for T-9; this variety produced 35% more forage than Pensacola. All varieties behaved similarly regarding …
