Screening And Breeding Soybean For Flood Tolerance,
2021
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Screening And Breeding Soybean For Flood Tolerance, Maria Roberta De Oliveira
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Waterlogging can be detrimental to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] growth and development, with effects ranging from chlorosis and stunting to yield loss and plant death. Soybean responses to, and the effects of, waterlogging are dependent on the growth stage of the plant at the initiation of waterlogging. The objectives of this study were: (1) to assess the effectiveness of Genomic Selection (GS), Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) and Phenotypic Selection for flood tolerance at the progeny row stage as compared to random selection, for the development of high-yielding flood-tolerant lines; and (2) to compare field-screening and hydroponic greenhouse screening methodologies …
Economic Feasibility Of Sub-Surfaced Poultry Litter,
2021
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Economic Feasibility Of Sub-Surfaced Poultry Litter, James Timothy Stults
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Livestock producers routinely spread fertilizer or broadcast poultry litter to improve forage production. With poultry litter widely available across the Southeastern United States and a cheaper source of plant nutrition than fertilizer when proximal to application sites, the novel application of litter below the soil surface, while costly, allows for greater nutrient retention than broadcasting. Since quantifying costs and benefits of sub-surface litter application (SSLA) is complex, we develop and present a spreadsheet tool for automated comparison between SSLA, fertilizer, and broadcasted litter for user-specific scenarios involving equipment choices (new, used, custom), desired nutrient needs for crops grown, litter nutrient …
Short-Term Effects Of Winter Cover Crops On Soil Properties, Yield, And Partial Returns In A No-Tillage Soybean Rotation,
2021
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Short-Term Effects Of Winter Cover Crops On Soil Properties, Yield, And Partial Returns In A No-Tillage Soybean Rotation, Drew Dillon Kirkpatrick
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Cover crops have the potential to provide many benefits including weed suppression, erosion control, and improvements to soil quality. These benefits can be affected by species, biomass accumulation, and management practices. Although large amounts of biomass are good for maximizing benefits, it can result in problems for establishing the subsequent crop. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] accounts for over 50% of Arkansas crop hectares annually; therefore, understanding the effect that a cover crop can have on the following soybean crop is crucial to the successful implementation of cover crops within the state. A study was established to evaluate winter cover …
Evaluation Of Irrigation And Nutrient Management Strategies In Rice Using Alternative Irrigation Methods,
2021
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Evaluation Of Irrigation And Nutrient Management Strategies In Rice Using Alternative Irrigation Methods, Justin Lee Chlapecka
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
As water resources gain value across the Mid-South, alternative irrigation strategies of rice (Oryza sativa L.) have garnered increasing attention. In 2015, an estimated 1.7% of Arkansas rice hectarage used alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation and 0.9% used furrow irrigation. As of 2020, 2.5% used AWD and 16.9% used furrow irrigation, the latter accounting for near 99,000 ha in Arkansas. Little information exists in the scientific literature in relation to management of rice grown in the Mid-South without a conventional flood. This fact coupled with the rapid adoption rate, especially for furrow-irrigated rice (FIR), during the last five years …
Quality Determinates Of Rice Price In Open Bag Markets In Sub-Saharan Africa,
2021
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Quality Determinates Of Rice Price In Open Bag Markets In Sub-Saharan Africa, Bailey Peterson-Wilhelm
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Weaknesses in the grades and standards system in low-income countries across Sub-Saharan Africa undermine the transparency of agricultural markets. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Ghana and Mozambique rice is predominately sold in open bags and if rice price does not reflect its quality, then inefficiencies may lead to consumer welfare losses. Importantly, it is possible that impoverished communities are priced out of the market due to inflated and inefficient prices. The objective of this study is to examine determinates of rice price by estimating the impact of selected rice quality attributes on rice prices in DRC, Ghana …
Long-Term Changes In Soil Surface Properties As Affected By Management Practices In A Wheat-Soybean, Double-Crop System,
2021
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Long-Term Changes In Soil Surface Properties As Affected By Management Practices In A Wheat-Soybean, Double-Crop System, Machaela Morrison
Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses
Long-term agricultural sustainability and productivity are controlled by the integrative effects of different management practices on the soil. Many Arkansas producers use the double-crop system to grow soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr] and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Studying combinations of different, non-traditional, alternative agricultural techniques may help producers better understand the long-term implications of various management practice options on sustainability and productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of agricultural management practices, including residue level, tillage, irrigation, and burning, and soil depth on the change in various soil properties from 2010 to 2020 in …
Baseline Sensitivity To Dmi Fungicides In Cercospora Spp. And Corynespora Spp. In Arkansas Soybeans,
2021
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Baseline Sensitivity To Dmi Fungicides In Cercospora Spp. And Corynespora Spp. In Arkansas Soybeans, Evan Buckner
Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses
Cercospora spp. and Corynespora spp. are two common foliar fungal pathogens in Arkansas amongst other soybean producing areas. Two primary diseases caused by Cercospora spp. are Cercospora Leaf Blight (CLB, caused mainly by C. kikuchii) and Frogeye Leaf Spot (C. sojina). Both diseases affect foliage, and when lesions collapse, leaves may fall prematurely resulting in yield loss. In the specific case of CLB, this is a disease on the rise since 2000, and also causes seed infection reducing seed quality. Target spot is a disease caused by Corynespora cassiicola, and is of less damaging for farmers in larger …
Light Intensity Control For Plc-Based Hydroponic Demonstration System,
2021
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Light Intensity Control For Plc-Based Hydroponic Demonstration System, Christian Hitt
Biological and Agricultural Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
In order to demonstrate a skill set obtained through the University of Arkansas Biological Engineering, a group of students and I developed a hydroponic system where plants could be grown in a chamber. System parameters such as air quality, irrigation, and lighting were controlled by a Programmable Logic Computer (PLC) and an array of sensors and actuators. Each student focused on a certain aspect of this system, mine being the lighting. Developing this system involved researching the relationship between light intensity and plant growth, designing a system to suspend the lights above the growth chamber, and develop a system to …
Factors Affecting Irrigation Water Use In Southwest Missouri And Soil Microbial Response To Irrigation And Crop Residue,
2021
Missouri State University
Factors Affecting Irrigation Water Use In Southwest Missouri And Soil Microbial Response To Irrigation And Crop Residue, Shirley M. Dobbs
MSU Graduate Theses
Sustainable use of water resources in Southwest Missouri requires a better understanding of factors that influence groundwater use by crop producers. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of weather patterns and edaphic factors on water used for agricultural irrigation. Groundwater withdrawal data from 14 high-use agricultural irrigation wells were monitored between 2009 and 2016 as part of the Southwest Missouri Irrigation Project. Stepwise and linear regression was used to assess the relationship of weather and edaphic factors in response to annual water use from each well. Precipitation volume, number of precipitation events, average maximum and minimum …
Modeling The Growth And Establishment Of Plantation And Converted Silvopasture Systems In The Missouri Ozarks Region,
2021
Missouri State University
Modeling The Growth And Establishment Of Plantation And Converted Silvopasture Systems In The Missouri Ozarks Region, Stewart James Mccollum
MSU Graduate Theses
The Missouri Ozarks are well known for high production in both timber products and cattle production. Most areas are also not well suited for many other agricultural practices such as row cropping, so forests and grazing lands dominate the landscapes. Such characteristics provide high potential for the agroforestry practice known as silvopasture. This study monitors the establishment of two different types of silvopasture systems, plantation and conversion types. In the plantation silvopasture, two cultivars of black walnut (Juglans nigra) were planted, Football and Kwikrop. Health and growth were monitored for those cultivars over the first year. The converted …
Resistance Screening And Association Mapping For Resistance To The Downy Mildew Pathogen Of Spinach,
2021
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Resistance Screening And Association Mapping For Resistance To The Downy Mildew Pathogen Of Spinach, Dotun Olaoye
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Spinach is an important cool leafy vegetable cultivated around the world, with large scale production in California and Arizona in the U.S. Spinach is a highly nutritious vegetable beneficial in the human diet. Spinach is affected by a number of biotic stressors. Downy mildew, caused by the oomycete pathogen Peronospora effusa, is a major threat to spinach as it affects the leaf quality and impacts the economic value of spinach. Several efforts have led to the development of resistant genotypes/cultivars to this pathogen. However, few studies have examined the genetics of resistance to the downy mildew pathogen in detail. This …
Starter Nitrogen Source And Preflood Nitrogen Rate Effects On Rice Grown On Clay Soils,
2021
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Starter Nitrogen Source And Preflood Nitrogen Rate Effects On Rice Grown On Clay Soils, Linda Rachelle Martin
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Seedling rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown on clayey-textured soils generally develops slowly as compared to loamy-textured soils. Our research examined the effects of starter-N source and preflood-N rates on canopy closure, total aboveground N uptake, and grain yield of rice grown on clayey-textured soils. Eleven field trials were established in Arkansas and Mississippi including five trials with a hybrid cultivar and six trials using a pure-line cultivar. Starter-N sources included no starter-N (NONE), ammonium sulfate (AMS), diammonium phosphate (DAP), and urea (UREA) applied at 24 kg N ha-1 at the rice 2-leaf stage and five preflood-N rates ranging from 0-224 …
Estimation Of Spatial Change In Cropland Area And Evaluation Of Irrigation Performance In Imperial Valley Using Remotely Sensed Data,
2021
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Estimation Of Spatial Change In Cropland Area And Evaluation Of Irrigation Performance In Imperial Valley Using Remotely Sensed Data, Usha Poudel
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
The Imperial Valley (IV) in the US is an extensively irrigated agricultural region, which includes multiple crops changing on an annual and semiannual basis. The valley is facing grave concerns about water management due to its semi-arid environment, water intensive crops, and limited water supply. A simple, inexpensive, and repeatable method to detect changes in cropping patterns may assist irrigation managers to understand crop diversification and associated consumptive use. In addition, a spatial assessment of existing water irrigation system performance and productivity is crucial to benchmark and improve current water management strategies. This thesis estimates the spatial pattern of change …
Identifying Drought Tolerance Traits In Tennessee Soybean Genotypes: Recovery From Severe Water Deficit Stress,
2021
University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Identifying Drought Tolerance Traits In Tennessee Soybean Genotypes: Recovery From Severe Water Deficit Stress, Samuel W. Purdom
Masters Theses
Ninety-four percent of U.S. grown soybeans are produced under rainfed conditions with intermittent droughts occurring late in the season during reproductive growth stages. Due to the temporary nature of drought, the ability of a crop to survive and recover effectively from water deficit stress is important for ensuring yield stability. In 2019 and 2020, two greenhouse experiments and two field studies were conducted to screen eleven soybean genotypes for transpiration response and recovery from water deficit stress and high vapor pressure deficit (VPD). In the first greenhouse study, soybean plants were grown in pots sealed to prevent evaporation and plants …
Transcriptional Activation Of Phytochrome-Interacting Factor 4 Is A Conserved Mechanism Of Thermomorphogenesis In Dicotyledenous Plants,
2021
University of Mississippi
Transcriptional Activation Of Phytochrome-Interacting Factor 4 Is A Conserved Mechanism Of Thermomorphogenesis In Dicotyledenous Plants, Caroline Clutton
Honors Theses
In the model dicotyledonous plant Arabidopsis thaliana, the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor Phytochrome-Interacting Factor 4 (AtPIF4) plays a central role in regulating the ambient temperature-regulated hypocotyl growth response. Warm temperatures induce AtPIF4 transcription and the accumulated AtPIF4 promotes thermomorphogenesis by enhancing the expression of a group of growth-related genes. However, whether this thermo-induced growth response is universal, and more importantly, whether there is a conserved thermomorphogenetic mechanism shared in dicots is largely unknown. Here we show that higher ambient temperatures promote the hypocotyl growth in four other dicotyledonous plants, including Brassica rapa, Camelina sativa, Nicotiana benthamiana …
Purple Variety Of Sweet Potato,
2021
Prairie View A&M University
Purple Variety Of Sweet Potato, Ming Gao
Datasets Collection
Purple sweet potatoes are versatile enough to be used in cupcakes as well as ice cream. However, when cooked in their natural state, they are dry and starchy, prompting most to use the purple sweet potatoes as flour for baked goods, or in some cases, for ice cream. Dr. Gao wants his variety of purple sweet potato to be more palatable. Gao earned the coveted USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture 1890 Institution Capacity Building Grant to support his research. The project will focus on developing a variety that is enjoyable in its natural state and is moist and tastefully …
041— Fiber Decomposition And Pretreatment Analysis Of Cannabis Sativa L.: Hemp,
2021
SUNY Geneseo
041— Fiber Decomposition And Pretreatment Analysis Of Cannabis Sativa L.: Hemp, Dina Bu, Jessica Roggie, Sarah Schmidlin, Barnabas Gikonyo
GREAT Day Posters
Hemp is a subspecies of Cannabis sativa L. along with marijuana, yet the two differ in chemical constituent levels of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). Hemp contains 0.3% THC, compared to marijuana 17.1%, allowing it to be a safe and compelling biomass for investigation. The refined products of hemp are vast due to its fast-growing properties; therefore various commercial industries have included refined hemp in biofuels, biodegradable plastics, textiles, dietary supplements, paper, clothing, and much more. Construction and manufacturing applications have also been seen to include hemp to strengthen their composite products. The high-yielding, sustainable, and environmentally friendly qualities …
006— Pretreatment And Fiber Content Analysis Of Cannabis Sativa,
2021
SUNY Geneseo
006— Pretreatment And Fiber Content Analysis Of Cannabis Sativa, Dina Bu, Jessica Roggie, Sarah Schmidlin, Barnabas Gikonyo
GREAT Day Posters
Cannabis sativa commonly known as hemp is one of the fastest-growing plants whose refined products have immense commercial value. Various products include refined hemp such as: biofuels, biodegradable plastics, textiles, dietary supplements, paper, clothing, and much more. Hemp fibers are also used in construction and manufacturing applications by strengthening their composite products. Hemp is a high yielding, sustainable, and environmentally friendly crop due to its various qualities, and has the potential to yield valuable raw materials for a great number of applications. Our research evaluates the pretreatment of hemp as well as the comparative analysis of the fiber content thereof. …
Phenotypic Plasticity Of Diverse Sorghum Varieties In Response To Nitrogen Deficit Stress,
2021
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Phenotypic Plasticity Of Diverse Sorghum Varieties In Response To Nitrogen Deficit Stress, Mackenzie Zwiener
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
The movement of nutrients from old vegetative tissue to young leaves and reproductive organs is known as senescence. Senescence can be influenced by the environment of a plant, such as, drought, heat, and nutrient stress. These environmental stressors can also influence canopy architecture. Crop canopy consists of several traits including: leaf number, angle, length and width. Past research in crops like maize and rice have shown significant influences of more erect leaves, including, the ability for increased planting density, which optimizes light interception and increases yield. In a field trial of a sorghum association panel including 345 different sorghum varieties …
Diagnóstico Y Evaluación Ambiental De Los Residuos Sólidos En Plazas De Mercado De Montería Y Propuestas De Aprovechamiento,
2021
Universidad de La Salle, Bogotá
Diagnóstico Y Evaluación Ambiental De Los Residuos Sólidos En Plazas De Mercado De Montería Y Propuestas De Aprovechamiento, Camilo Andrés Hernández Almentero
Ingeniería Ambiental y Sanitaria
En este trabajo se busca implementar una propuesta de aprovechamiento de residuos por medio del cual se puedan dar un uso responsable a los residuos generados en la plaza de mercado sur de Montería-Córdoba, con ayuda de la recopilación de datos en políticas de gestión y manejo de residuos sólidos del municipio y de la empresa prestadora del servicio de aseo municipal. De manera análoga, se estarán realizando diversas visitas para observar y tener un mayor enfoque del entorno para poder definir de manera correcta las problemáticas de acumulación de residuos orgánicos que se puedan estar presentando. Se busca realizar …
