Pasture Seed Production In Tanzania,
2024
Livestock Production Research Institute
Pasture Seed Production In Tanzania, M L. Kusekwa, M M.S Lugenja, D B. Mpiri, J.K K. Msechu
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grass seed of Chloris gayana, Branchiaria ruzizinsis, Cenchrus ciliaris, Panicum maximum and legume seeds of Macroptilium atropurpureum, Neonotonia wightii, Macrotyloma axillare, Stylosanthes spp., Desmodium pp., Centrosema spp. and Macrotyloma axillare are produced by government institutions and small-scale dairy producers in Tanzania. In the last 5 years 2-10 t of seed have been produced annually.· The producers have been responsible for the disposal of seeds. Small-scale seed producers have acquired seed production skills through short courses and farmers' day festivals. The World Food Programme has financed production of improved pasture seeds al government institutions and this has assisted in …
Seed Production Of Centro Under Three Support Systems: Unstaked, Staked And Growing With Cassava,
2024
Namulonge Research Station
Seed Production Of Centro Under Three Support Systems: Unstaked, Staked And Growing With Cassava, P Lusembo, E N. Sabiiti, C E. Ebong
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A study was conducted to determine whether cassava could provide the necessary support to increase seed yields of centro (Cemrosema pubescens). The effect of centro on cassava tuber yield and the cost of production of centro seed under 3 production systems, i.e., unslaked, staked and supported by cassava, were determined. Results showed that centro twining on cassava yielded more seed than the unstaked one. It was slightly but significantly (P<0.05) less than that of staked cenlro. Centro did not affect cassava tuber yield. Production costs of 1 kg of seed were equivalent to US$1.2, 2 and 3.7 for centro supported by cassava, unslaked and staked, respectively. It was concluded that centro seed could be easily and economically produced on small-scale farm holdings in Uganda where cassava in widely grown.
Efficiency Of Grassland Areas Of Desert Steppe In North China,
2024
Ningxia Agricultural College
Efficiency Of Grassland Areas Of Desert Steppe In North China, Wang Ning, Wang Kezhi
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
On the desert steppe of Yanchi County of Ningxia Province, where 1he annual precipilalion is only 300 mm, some methods, including reducing unirrigated land, exploiting water resources, cultivating grasses, planting trees and developing animal husbandry, have been used to improve production. After 10 years the poor villages have become richer; the cultivated grassland is up to 44% of the total arable area and the forest cover to 15%; value of livestock farming output has increased by as much as 5 times, gross yields of grain have increased 1.5-fold, and the average income per capita increased more than 5-fold.
Some Problems Hindering Forage Seed Production In Cameroon,
2024
University Centre of Dschang
Some Problems Hindering Forage Seed Production In Cameroon, E Tedonkeng Pamo
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Seed production is a key factor for successful and increased agricultural production both in favourable and unfavourable environments. In many developing countries, seed production in general, and forage seed production in particular, have often been neglected. As n result, very litlle information exists in this area. This study was carried out to assess forage seed production and perspectives in Cameroon. The findings indicate that large quantities of forage seed have been introduced in Cameroon but very little has reached the farmers because of political nnd institutional problems and lack of extension assistance at farm level. This points to a necessity …
Towards More Forage Seeds For Small Farmers In Latin America,
2024
CIAT
Towards More Forage Seeds For Small Farmers In Latin America, J E. Ferguson, G Sauma
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Smallfarmers in Latin America are scattered among different agroecosystems, such as: Andean highlands; Central American and Andean hillsides; Amazonian basin forest margins; and non-Andean crop margins. Forages, mainly grasses, are used to different degrees in mainly mixed and diversified crop-livestock farming syslems. The range of species, both temperate and tropical, is wide and increasing. Seed supply is variable, but limited by the range and availabilily of materials, variable quality of tropical grasses and high prices. Seed systems tend to be informal and incipient, especially with tropical species. This paper describes five seed projects and seed enterprises and draws generalisations from …
Sustainable Supplies Of Quality Herbage Seed For Sub-Saharan Africa Smallholders,
2024
International Livestock Centre for Africa
Sustainable Supplies Of Quality Herbage Seed For Sub-Saharan Africa Smallholders, R Griffiths
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
SubSaharan Africa herbnge seed activities were evaluated by means of questionnaires. Topics ranged from collection and evaluation, through multiplication to distribulio,n nnd seed quality. The current smallholder lack of access lo herbage seed supplies is discussed and proposals for overcoming this problem submitted for consideration by those concerned.
Interaction Of Drill Type And Herbicide On Pasture Establishment In Semi-Arid Environments,
2024
Invermay Agricultural Centre
Interaction Of Drill Type And Herbicide On Pasture Establishment In Semi-Arid Environments, W L. Lowther, R F. Horrell, P D. Johnstone, K D. Trainor
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Results are presented from an overdrilling experiment comparing a conventional triple-disc drill with an' experimental single-pass stripseeder drill designed to remove competing vegetation mechanically; Herbicide application markedly increased herbage mass of sown species in the triple-disc treatments. ,However, herbage mass was. ��igher from the strip-seeder drill than the .triple-disc in both ihe' nbsence and presence of herbicide. The results indicate the potential of the strip-seeder drill technology for cost-effective establishment of pasture species in difficult environments.
A 52-Year Ecological History Of Selected Introduced And Native Grasses Planted In Central Idaho,
2024
USDA
A 52-Year Ecological History Of Selected Introduced And Native Grasses Planted In Central Idaho, Stephen B. Monsen, Val Jo Anderson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This study evaluated the longevity of 132 introduced and iiative grass ecotypes seeded on a mountain big sagebrush-bluebunch wheatgrass (Atremisia tridentata ssp. vaseeyana-Agropyron spicatum) site in south• central Idaho. Species were established by direct seeding in 2 randomly replicated plots in 1939. Plantings were evaluated annually for 10 years and then at approximately 10-year intervals until 1991. Intermediate wheatgrass (Agropyron lntermedium), Fairway crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum), and sulcata sheep fescue (Festuca ovina ssp. sulcata) were the primary introductions that persisted throughout the study. Native bluebunch wheatgrass and western wheatgrass (Agropyron smithii) were equally …
Effect Of Direct Drilling On The Establishment On The Establishment And Growth Of Birdsfoot Trefoil In Montane Tussock Grasslands,
2024
AgResearch, NZ
Effect Of Direct Drilling On The Establishment On The Establishment And Growth Of Birdsfoot Trefoil In Montane Tussock Grasslands, R F. Woodman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Establishment of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) using an experimental strip-seeder drill was compared with that of a conventional triple disc in the presence and absence of paraquat in the Mackenzie Basin, South Island, New Zealand. Measurements of shoot, root and nodule formation showed that plants established with the experimental strip-seeder drill nodulated earlier and had significantly greater vigour than those established with the disc drill. These results are discussed in relation to the ability of the experimental strip-seeder to improve plant growth, survival and yield in stressed environments compared to the triple disc.
Pasture Grasses For Semi-Arid Environments In New Zealand,
2024
AgResearch, NZ
Pasture Grasses For Semi-Arid Environments In New Zealand, R F. Woodman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The production of 8 dryland forage gross species and compatibility with lucerne were evaluated over a period of 2 years in the Hakataramea Valley, South Canterbury, New Zealand. Black Mountain rye (Seca le 1110111am1111) is highly promising as a palatable, drought, frost- and pest-tolerant species that provides large amounts of green feed, par ticularly in early spring and autumn. Cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerala), tall oat grass (A rrhenalherum e/atius), smooth brome (Bro111 11s inennis) and phalaris (Phalaris aq11atica) also show potential as productive drought-tolerant grasses, compatible with lucerne (Medicago saliva cv .), and exhibiting good cool•season growth. Wheatgrass (Electrlgia i111ermedia) appears …
Improvement Of Shrub-Covered Hill Pasture By Root Raking: Effect Of Aspect, Superphosphate And Time From Sowing On Nitrogen Fixation And Clover Growth,
2024
AgResearch, NZ
Improvement Of Shrub-Covered Hill Pasture By Root Raking: Effect Of Aspect, Superphosphate And Time From Sowing On Nitrogen Fixation And Clover Growth, M P. Rolston, J R. Crush, B P. Devantier
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
New white clover (Trifolium repens) grass pastures were established on shrub-covered hill slopes cleared by bulldozer root raking, The site included north and south aspects, and plots were individually fenced and grazed with sheep with superphosphate treatments of 1815 or 790 kg/ha (9% P). Nitrogen fixation was assessed over 5 years, with up. to 308 kg N/ha fixed in year I. Nitrogen fixation rates declined with time and were 72% higher on the moister southern aspect, and 33% higher with high superphosphate. Clover production showed similar trends. Nitrogen fixation efficiency (kg N fixed/I clover dry matter) increased from …
Breeding Switchgrass For Improved Animal Performance,
2024
USDA, Agricultural Research Service
Breeding Switchgrass For Improved Animal Performance, K P. Vogel, K J. Moore, A A. Hopkins
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Studies on breeding and evaluating switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) for improved animal performance have been conducted for the last 18 years. !ti vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) has been increased 3 8 g/kg after 3 cycles of selection; demonstrating· that IVDMD of switchgrass can be improved using recurrent, phenotypjc selection. Digestibility of plant tillers collected at panicle emergence was an excellent predictor of IVDMD of progeny in pastures or swards during the growing season. Small improvements in IVDMD (20-30 g/kg} significantly improved average daily gains and gains/ha (17-24 %) of beer cattle (Bos taurus) grazing switchgrass. It should …
Fertilizer Policies For Grassland Production In Winter Cold High Country In The South Island New Zealand And Southern China,
2024
AgResearch, NZ
Fertilizer Policies For Grassland Production In Winter Cold High Country In The South Island New Zealand And Southern China, C C. Boswell, M.J S. Floate
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Fertiliser policies for legume-based pastures on the high plateau of Guizhou province southern China are compared with those for the South Island of New Zealand, Guizhou policy is reduced to a few essentials. Choice of fertiliser is restricted; severe phosphorus deficiency is corrected with locally manufactured fused calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium deficiency with imported potassium sulphate or chloride. A simple recommendation applies for establishment and maintaining production over vast areas and potentially to huge numbers of small farms (3-7 ha). In the South Island high country, fertiliser forms and rates are matched as far as possible to the variety of …
Residual Effects Of Oversowing, Overdrilling, And Herbicide In The Long-Term Control Of Hieracium Pilosella In Otago, New Zealand,
2024
AgResearch, NZ
Residual Effects Of Oversowing, Overdrilling, And Herbicide In The Long-Term Control Of Hieracium Pilosella In Otago, New Zealand, G G. Cossens, C C. Boswell
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The mat-forming weed Hieracium pilosella {mouse-eared hawkweed) has become a major problem of tussock grasslands in New Zealand. Thirteen trials investigating methods of hawkweed control were laid down during 1975-80, monitored for 3 years, and subsequently reassessed in 1991. When grazing was excluded hawkweed was reduced from 60 to 3% ground cover within 18 months by topdressing and oversowing or overdrilling legumes; and to 22% by the use of the herbicides, 2,4 D and mecoprop-MCPA-dicamba. With grazing and no further topdressing, these improved lands reverted to hawkweed at a mean rate of 2-3%/year, as did overgrazed unimproved tussock grassland. In …
Rangeland Improvement On Granitic Soils In Uruguay,
2024
INIA
Rangeland Improvement On Granitic Soils In Uruguay, D F. Risso, D A. Moron
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Granitic soils comprise more than 15% of productive land of the country, Soils are variable, all being deficient in nitrogen and phosphorus, having a moderately low pH, more than 40% being shallow with low levels of organic matter. Livestock production is predominantly developed on range with moderate yield and ample variations (avg. DM/ha/year=3.l t; c.v.=27.6%; winter yield=l2%), Research conducted to improve this situation, evaluated: 1) range P fertilisation during 5 years, which resulted in a small (but significant) yield increase and improved P concentration of forage. 2) P fertilisation and interseeding of legumes through different methods. Largest differences were due …
Use Of Dryland Forage Plants For Improving Semi-Arid And Hawkweed-Affected Land In New Zealand,
2024
Landcare Research New Zealand
Use Of Dryland Forage Plants For Improving Semi-Arid And Hawkweed-Affected Land In New Zealand, B J. Wills, J S. Sheppard, J.S C. Begg
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
mi-arid climatic conditions affect large areas of New Zealand's South Island east coast and inland basins. A significant area - some 6 million ha - is affected by, or is at risk from, invasion by hawkweeds, mainly Hieracium pilose/la. This plant, along with rabbits, is severely affecting the viability of extensive pastoral grassland farming in New Zealand. Soil erosion, in particular associated with frost heave and wind, is notable in areas associated with both a semi-arid climate and high densities of hawkweeds. The use of dryland pasture plants selected for drought tolerance, frost tolerance and ability to grow under low …
Small-Grain Forage For Winter Pastures,
2024
University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee
Small-Grain Forage For Winter Pastures, D J. Undersander, D P. Hutchenson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The paper summarises 2 studies comparing wheal (Triticum aestivum), barley (Horderim vulgare), rye (Triticale secale), and triticale (x Triticoseca/e) for fornge production and animal performance. Wheat, rye and triticale were planted in 10, 20 and 30 cm row spacings and grown over 2 winters in South Carolina. Porage yield from earlyOctober plantings ranged from 2961 to 5000 kg/ha in 1986-87 and from l012 to 3400 kg/ha in 1987-88. Porage yield was highest from rye, most of the forage growth occurring in autumn. Wheat produced forage growth most uniformly throughout autumn and spring. In the …
Effects Of Lime And Fertilizer On The Establishment Of White Clover In The Falkland Islands,
2024
Agricultural Research Centre
Effects Of Lime And Fertilizer On The Establishment Of White Clover In The Falkland Islands, J A. Kerr, Rosie Poultney
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
White clover (Trifolium repens L.)-based pastures could improve low pasture and animal production in the Falkland Islands. However, establishment is difficult and expensive. Effects of lime and fertilisers containing nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) on white clover dry matter yield and root nodulation were experimentally assessed between 1986-88. Lime at 1 t/ha and 30 kg/ha P as triple superphosphate, separately improved clover yield. Nodulation was improved only by lime. Neither N nor K fertilisers affected on white clover establishment yields,
Complementarity Between Summer-Active Grasses And Cool-Season Annual Legumes In Temperate-Zone Pastures,
2024
Soil Conservation Service of NSW
Complementarity Between Summer-Active Grasses And Cool-Season Annual Legumes In Temperate-Zone Pastures, W H. Johnston
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The effect of mowing and subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneaum) on plant density; basal area and total dry matter yield of the C perennial grasses Eragrostis curvula complex, cv. Consol and 4 Accession 4660, and Cenchrus ciliaris cv. American, and the c; Pllalaris aquatica cv. Sirocco was studied at Cowra, NSW, Australia between spring 1982 and spring 1987. C. cilaris did not persist. The density and basal area of phalaris was not affected by subterranean clover but declined with mowing, Clover reduced the density, basal area and summer dry matter ·yield of E. curvula while mowing was', advantageous. E. curvula …
Winter Grazing Rough Fescue Grasslands With And Without Preconditioning On Annual Pasture,
2024
AgResearch, NZ
Winter Grazing Rough Fescue Grasslands With And Without Preconditioning On Annual Pasture, W D. Willms, L M. Rode, B S. Freeze
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Winter grazing of the fescue prairie is desirable to reduce the cost of feeding preserved forages and to conserving the native prairie. Rough fescue (Festuca campestris Rydb,), the dominant and most productive forage species in the foothills region, is highly sensitive to summer grazing but tolerates grazing while dormant. Since the forage quality declines after senescence, and the energy requirements increase in winter, this study was made to determine the feasibility of winter gmzing pregnant Hereford cows with and without preconditioning on annual pasture. The study, replicated over a 4-year period {n=4), used a 2x2 factorial design representing native …
