Pharmacology Commons^™

Role Of P450 Enzymes In Tobacco Dependence And Lung Tumorigenesis, Lei Li

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The overall aim of this study is to better define the roles of P450 enzymes, particularly those in the CYP2A, 2B, and 2F gene subfamilies, in the metabolism and actions of tobacco-related chemicals. Tobacco smoke contains numerous compounds that are deleterious to health, including the primary addictive component nicotine and procarcinogenic compounds, such as naphthalene (NA) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). Our main hypotheses are i) that CYP2A and 2B enzymes are largely responsible for nicotine metabolism, and they can impact nicotine dependence; and ii) that CYP2A, 2B, and 2F enzymes play important and tissue-specific roles in NA and NNK bioactivation, leading …

The Effect Of Alpha-Cyclodextrin On Acute Blood Lipid And Glycemic Responses To A Fat Containg Meal, Evan Neil Fletcher

Wayne State University Theses

Obesity and hyperlipidemia have become major concerns in the United States over the past 30 years. Alpha-Cyclodextrin (á-CD), a naturally occurring soluble dietary fiber, has been shown to reduce dietary fat absorption and improve blood lipid levels in an animal model (mouse and rat) and in human studies. In the current double blind study, 34 healthy male and female participants were recruited to test if á-CD had any acute effect on blood lipid and glycemic responses to a fat containing meal. The participants received the á-CD on one occasion and a placebo the other to determine if there was any …

Does The Use Of Varenicline For Smoking-Cessation Therapy Create Or Increase Depression In Patients Without Existing Depressive Illness?, Brett R. Brown

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not the use of varenicline for smoking-cessation therapy creates or increases depression in patients without existing depressive illness.

STUDY DESIGN: Review of two randomized controlled trials published in 2011 and one observational cohort study published in 2009, all English language.
DATA SOURCES: Two randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trials comparing varenicline to placebo in smoking cessation, and one observational cohort study comparing varenicline use within subjects. All articles were found using PubMed and EBSCO.

OUTCOMES MEASURED: Changes in depression was evaluated using the MontgomeryÅsberg Depression Rating Scale …

Study Of Charge-Dependent Transport And Toxicity Of Peptide-Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles Using Zebrafish Embryos And Single Nanoparticle Plasmonic Spectroscopy, Kerry J. Lee, Lauren M. Browning, Prakash D. Nallathamby, Xiao-Hong Nancy Xu

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Nanomaterials possess unusually high surface area-to-volume ratios and surface-determined physicochemical properties. It is essential to understand their surface-dependent toxicity in order to rationally design biocompatible nanomaterials for a wide variety of applications. In this study, we have functionalized the surfaces of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs, 11.7 ±+2.7 nm in diameter) with three biocompatible peptides (CALNNK, CALNNS, CALNNE) to prepare positively (Ag-CALNNK NPs^+ζ), negatively (Ag-CALNNS NPs^−2ζ), and more negatively charged NPs (Ag-CALNNE NPs^−4ζ), respectively. Each peptide differs in a single amino acid at its C-terminus, which minimizes the effects of peptide sequences and serves as …

Molecular Mechanisms By Which C-Abl And Arg Mediate Melanoma Invasion And Metastasis, Sourik S. Ganguly

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences

Metastasis is one of the main causes of death in cancer patients. Metastatic melanoma is a death sentence, as chemotherapeutic agents have a 5% success rate or do not extend survival beyond 10 months. The lack of effective chemotherapeutic agents for treating metastatic melanoma indicates a dire need to identify new drug targets and develop new therapies. Our lab has previously shown that the kinase activity of Abelson family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases (c-Abl and Arg) is elevated in invasive breast cancer cell lines as compared to non-invasive cell lines. Previous studies from our lab have shown that Abl …

Diet-Induced Obesity: Dopaminergic And Behavioral Mechanisms As Outcomes And Predictors, Vidya Narayanaswami

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Obesity and drug abuse share common neural circuitries including the mesocoticolimbic and striatal dopamine reward system. In the current study, a rat model of diet-induced obesity (DIO) was used to determine striatal dopamine function, impulsivity and motivation as neurobehavioral outcomes and predictors of obesity. For the outcome study, rats were randomly assigned a high-fat (HF) or a low-fat (LF) diet for 8 wk. Following the 8-wk HF-diet exposure, rats were segregated into obesity-prone and obesity-resistant groups based on maximum and minimum body weight gain, respectively, and neurobehavioral outcomes were evaluated. For the predictor study, neurobehavioral antecedents were evaluated prior to …

Regulation Of 7-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase By Vitamin D3, Ling Zou

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

7-Dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) is the substrate of 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) in the cholesterol synthesis pathway. Keratinocytes in human skin possess the enzymes necessary for cholesterol synthesis but are also responsible for vitamin D₃ synthesis from 7-DHC by exposure to UVB irradiation. It has been well established that DHCR7 is regulated by the SREBP pathway in the regulation of cholesterol synthesis, but little is known about the regulation of DHCR7 by the vitamin D pathway. In this study, the regulation of DHCR7 activity by vitamin D was explored. Treatment of adult human epidermal keratinocyte (HEKa) cells with vitamin D₃ resulted …

Methylphenidate And Atomoxetine Treatment During Adolescence In The Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat: Mechanisms Underlying High Cocaine Abuse Liability In Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Sucharita S. Somkuwar

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Effects of pharmacotherapies for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on cocaine abuse liability in ADHD are not understood. Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR), an ADHD model, exhibited greater cocaine self-administration than control Wistar-Kyoto and Wistar rats. Methylphenidate, but not atomoxetine during adolescence enhanced cocaine self-administration in adult SHRs compared to controls. The mesocortical dopaminergic system, including medial prefrontal (mPFC) and orbitofrontal (OFC) cortices, is important for ADHD and cocaine addiction. Dopamine and norepinephrine transporter (DAT and NET) are molecular targets for methylphenidate, atomoxetine and cocaine action.

In the current studies, SHR, Wistar-Kyoto and Wistar were administered methylphenidate (1.5 mg/kg/day, p.o.), atomoxetine (0.3 …

Fine Tuning A Well-Oiled Machine: Influence Of Nk1.1 And Nkg2d On Nkt Cell Development And Function, Sunil K. Joshi, Mark L. Lang

Bioelectrics Publications

Natural killer T cells (NKT) represent a group of CD1d-restricted T-lineage cells that provide a functional interface between innate and adaptive immune responses in infectious disease, cancer, allergy and autoimmunity. There have been remarkable advances in understanding the molecular events that underpin NKT development in the thymus and in the complex array of functions in the periphery. Most functional studies have focused on activation of T cell antigen receptors expressed by NKT cells and their responses to CD1d presentation of glycolipid and related antigens. Receiving less attention has been several molecules that are hallmarks of Natural Killer (NK) cells, but …

Novel Cis-Restricted Β-Lactam Combretastatin A-4 Analogues Display Anti-Vascular And Anti-Metastatic Properties In Vitro, Seema M. Nathwani, Lisa M. Greene, Linda Hughes, Miriam Carr, Niamh O'Boyle, Susan Mcdonnell, Mary J. Meegan, Daniela M. Zisterer

Articles

No abstract provided.

Cd44 Containing Complexes As A Therapeutic Target In Multiple Myeloma, Anthony Gebhard

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Our laboratory recently reported that treatment with the d-amino acid containing peptide HYD1 induces necrotic cell death in multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines. Due to the intriguing biological activity and promising in vivo activity of HYD1, we pursued strategies for increasing the therapeutic efficacy of the parent linear peptide. These efforts led to the development of a cyclized peptidomimetic, MTI-101, with increased in vitro activity and robust in vivo activity as a single agent using two myeloma models that consider the bone marrow microenvironment. MTI-101 treatment resulted in mechanistically similar hallmarks of HYD1 induced cell death, namely the generation of …

Anti-Lipase Activity Of Quercus Infectoria G.Olivier Extract, Sirinan Thubthimthed., Sarunya Laovitthayanggoon, Parkpoom Siriarchavatana, Konlawit Chaithongsri, Chuleratana Banchonglikitkul

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Antibacterial Activity Of A-Mangostin From The Pericarp Extract Of Garcinia Mangostana L. Against Drug Resistant Bacteria, Griangsak Eumkeb, Sineewan Phitaktim

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Gene Cloning And Expression Of A Triterpene Synthase From Alangium Lamarckii, Nattaon Tansakul, Pimpimon Tansakul, Wanchai De-Eknamkul

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Investigation On Phytochemical, Antioxidant And Cytotoxic Properties Of Momordica Cochinchinensis (Gac) Fruit Extracted By Supercritical Fluid Carbon Dioxide (Scf-Co2) Method, Prapaipat Klungsupya., Worawan Tiatragoon, Thanchanok Muangman, Jirawat. Eiamwat, Sarunya Laovitthayanggoon, Jeerayu Thongdo-A, Srisak Trangwacharakul

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Meloxicam-Loaded Ph Sensitive Polymeric Micelles: Solvents And Entrapment Methods, Thisirak Woraphatphadung, Warayuth Sajomsang, Theerasak Rojanarata, Tanasait Ngawhirunpat, Praneet Opanasopit

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Stability Evaluation Of A Hair Conditioner Comprising A Mixed Extract From Fruits Of Phyllanthus Emblica And Zanthoxylum Limon Ella, Sitthiphong Soradech, Buppachart Potduang, Itsara Keeta, Wanlapha Saisin, Suchipha Wannaphatchaiyong, Cholticha Niwaspragrit

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Pharmacokinetic And Bioequivalence Evaluation Of Two Formulations Of Levocetirizine 5 Mg In Healthy Thai Volunteers, Chutima Jantarat, Thitima Keskanokwong

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Pharmacokinetics of levoceterizine have been studied, however, obtained information was only from the Western people. เท addition, the license of this drug formulation was expired few years ago. For approval of this new generic drug, the bioequivalen...

Compulsory Licensing Of Chronic Diseases Pharmaceuticals Thailand, Sakda Thanicul, Matthew Lim Braslow

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

For pharmaceutical companies, obtaining patent protection for the pharmaceuticals they develop is essential. Patent protection assures that the pharmaceutical company will have a reasonable opportunity to recoup their most likely quite heavy investment in the new drug and allow the company to control the wholesale market price of the drugs. These key intellectual property rights are truly at the heart of the internationally recognized intellectual property regime. For patent right holders in general merchandise, say an innovative paperclip or mousetrap, the absolute right of the patent holder as to the distribution and price is perfectly acceptable. Pharmaceutical patents however, with …

Detection Of Esterase Activity Converting Cytotoxic Renieramycin M To Jorunnamycin A In The Crude Enzyme Of The Nudibranch Jorunna Funebris, Dalad Waropastrakul., Khanit Suwanborirux, Wanchai De-Eknamkul, Taksina Chuanasa

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.