Chemical Constituents And Bioactivity Of Formosan Lauraceous Plants,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Chemical Constituents And Bioactivity Of Formosan Lauraceous Plants, H.-S. Chang, I.-S. Chen
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Taiwan is rich in lauraceous plants. A review of 197 references based on the chemical analysis and bioactivity of indigenous lauraceous plants carried out by native scientists from 1963 to 2014 has been compiled. About 303 new compounds and thousands of known compounds comprising alkaloids and non-alkaloids with diverse structures have been isolated or identified from indigenous plants belonging to the 11 lauraceous genera. The volatile components, however, have been excluded from this review. This review provides an overview of the past efforts of Taiwan scientists working on secondary metabolites and their bioactivity in native lauraceous plants. The potential of …
Anti-Inflammatory Effects, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Identification, And High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Isolation Of The Total Flavonoids From Artemisia Frigida,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Anti-Inflammatory Effects, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Identification, And High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Isolation Of The Total Flavonoids From Artemisia Frigida, Q. Wang, J. Jin, N. Dai, N. Han, J. Han, B. Bao
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The aerial parts of Artemisia frigida Willd. are used to treat joint swelling, renal heat, abnormal menstruation, and sore carbuncle. The anti-inflammatory effects of A. frigida have been well-known in folk medicine, suggesting that components extracted from A. frigida could potentially treat inflammatory disease. With the aim of discovering bioactive compounds, in this study, we extracted total flavonoids from the aerial parts of A. frigida and investigated their anti-inflammatory effects against inflammation induced by carrageenan and egg albumin in rats. At the doses studied, total flavonoids (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg) and some isolated compounds (30 mg/kg) showed …
Statistical Optimization Of Lovastatin And Confirmation Of Nonexistence Of Citrinin Under Solid-State Fermentation By Monascus Sanguineus,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Statistical Optimization Of Lovastatin And Confirmation Of Nonexistence Of Citrinin Under Solid-State Fermentation By Monascus Sanguineus, R. Dikshit, P. Tallapragada
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Lovastatin is a well-known natural statin, which is used for lowering plasma cholesterol levels by inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase. Different strains of Aspergillus and Monascus sp. have been exploited for statin production but Monascus sanguineus is still unexplored. In this study, lovastatin production from Monascus sanguineus under solid state fermentation was optimized using response surface methodology. The optimized value of the lovastatin yield was 20.04 mg/gds with soybean concentration of 20 g/L, CaCl2 concentration of 2.5 g/L, acetic acid concentration of 25 μL and inoculum size of 3.4 mL. This study also documented spectrometric characterization and fragment pattern …
Aroma Transition From Rosemary Leaves During Aromatization Of Olive Oil,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Aroma Transition From Rosemary Leaves During Aromatization Of Olive Oil, M. Yilmazer, Karagöz S. Göksu, G. Ozkan, E. Karacabey
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The aroma profile of aromatized olive oil was determined in this study. The primary objective was to investigate the transition of major aroma compounds from rosemary and olive fruit during the kneading step of olive oil production by response surface methodology. For this purpose, temperature, time, and amount of rosemary leaves were determined as independent variables. The results indicated that temperature and time did not affect the transition of target compounds, but rosemary leaves addition had a strong influence on transition, especially for characteristic aroma compounds of this herb. Adequacies of developed models were found to be high enough to …
Application Of Hollow Fiber Liquid Phase Microextraction And Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Techniques In Analytical Toxicology,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Application Of Hollow Fiber Liquid Phase Microextraction And Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Techniques In Analytical Toxicology, V. Sharifi, A. Abbasi, A. Nosrati
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The recent developments in hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction are reviewed. Applications of these newly emerging developments in extraction and preconcentration of a vast category of compounds including heavy metals, pesticides, pharmaceuticals and abused drugs in complex matrices (environmental and biological matrices) are reviewed and discussed. The new developments in these techniques including the use of solvents lighter than water, ionic liquids and supramolecular solvents are also considered. Applications of these new solvents reduce the use of toxic solvents and eliminate the centrifugation step, which reduces the extraction time. Copyright © 2016, Food and Drug Administration, …
Fast Separation And Quantification Of Three Anti-Glaucoma Drugs By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Uv Detection,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Fast Separation And Quantification Of Three Anti-Glaucoma Drugs By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Uv Detection, M. Walash, R. El-Shaheny
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
In this study, a simple and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for fast separation of three anti-glaucoma drugs: timolol maleate (TM), brimonidine tartrate (BM), and latanoprost (LP). Separation of the three drugs was achieved in < 6 minutes using a BDS Hypersil phenyl column and a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile: 25mM phosphate buffer, pH 4.0 (50: 50, v/v) at 1.2 mL/min with UV detection at 210 nm. The method was linear over the concentration ranges of 5.0-200.0 μg/mL, 2.0-80.0 μg/mL and 1.0-25.0 μg/mL with lower detection limits of 0.21 μg/mL, 0.10 μg/mL and 0.11 μg/mL for TM, BM and LP, respectively. The method was applied for the determination of two fixed-dose combination eye drops for the treatment of glaucoma, containing TM together with either BM or LP. Commercial samples of single-ingredient ophthalmic solutions containing the studied drugs were also successfully analyzed. The results obtained by the proposed method were favorably compared with those obtained by the comparison methods using Student's t test and the variance ratio F test. Copyright © 2016, Food and Drug Administration, Taiwan. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.
Characterization Of Myrtle Seed (Myrtus Communis Var. Baetica) As A Source Of Lipids, Phenolics, And Antioxidant Activities,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Characterization Of Myrtle Seed (Myrtus Communis Var. Baetica) As A Source Of Lipids, Phenolics, And Antioxidant Activities, W.A. Wannes, B. Marzouk
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
This study aimed to characterize the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the oil and the methanolic extract of Myrtus communis var. baetica seed. The oil yield of myrtle seed was 8.90%, with the amount of neutral lipid, especially triacylglycerol, being the highest, followed by phospholipids and glycolipids. Total lipids and all lipid classes were rich in linoleic acid. The content of total phenols, flavonoids, tannins, and proanthocyanidins of the methanolic extract and the oil from myrtle seed was determined using spectrophotometric methods. Antioxidant activities of the oil and the methanolic extract from myrtle seed were evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical …
Erratum: Evaluation Of A Health-Promoting School Program To Enhance Correct Medication Use In Taiwan (Journal Of Food And Drug Analysis(2014) 22 (271-278)),
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Erratum: Evaluation Of A Health-Promoting School Program To Enhance Correct Medication Use In Taiwan (Journal Of Food And Drug Analysis(2014) 22 (271-278)), H.-Y. Chi, F.-C. Chang, H.-J. Lin, L.-J. Huang, J.-C. Chang, M.-K. Yeh, J.-J. Kang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
[No abstract available]
Erratum: Flavone Glycosides From Commercially Available Lophatheri Herba And Their Chromatographic Fingerprinting And Quantitation (Journal Of Food And Drug Analysis (2015) 23 (821-827)),
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Erratum: Flavone Glycosides From Commercially Available Lophatheri Herba And Their Chromatographic Fingerprinting And Quantitation (Journal Of Food And Drug Analysis (2015) 23 (821-827)), J.-S. Fan, I.-J. Lee, Y.-L. Lin
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
[No abstract available]
Correlation Between Drug-Drug Interaction-Induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome And Related Deaths In Taiwan,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Correlation Between Drug-Drug Interaction-Induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome And Related Deaths In Taiwan, F.-J. Cheng, F.-K. Syu, K.-H. Lee, F.-C. Chen, C.-H. Wu, C.-C. Chen
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Concomitant use of some drugs can lead to interactions between them resulting in severe adverse effects. To date, there are few reports of incidences of Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) associated with combination drug administration. Therefore, we studied the relationship between drug combinations and SJS-related mortality, with the hope that a retrospective study of this nature would provide information crucial for the prevention of future drug-drug interaction related deaths attributable to SJS. This retrospective longitudinal study used mortality cases from 1999 to 2008 that were diagnosed as erythema multiforme (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification 695.1) from the National Health …
Phytochemical Standardization, Antioxidant, And Antibacterial Evaluations Of Leea Macrophylla: A Wild Edible Plant,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Phytochemical Standardization, Antioxidant, And Antibacterial Evaluations Of Leea Macrophylla: A Wild Edible Plant, A. Joshi, S.K. Prasad, V.K. Joshi, S. Hemalatha
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
In Ayurveda, Leea macrophylla Roxb. ex Hornem. (Leeaceae) is indicated in worm infestation, dermatopathies, wounds, inflammation, and in symptoms of diabetes. The present study aims to determine the antioxidant and antibacterial potential of ethanolic extract and its different fractions of Leea macrophylla root tubers using phytochemical profiling which is still unexplored. Quantitative estimations of different phytoconstituents along with characterization of ethanol extract using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were performed using chlorogenic acid as a marker compound for the first time. The extract and its successive fractions were also evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activity using different models. The extract …
Acute Pancreatitis In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treated With Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Acute Pancreatitis In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treated With Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors, T.-L. Yang, M.-C. Shen, M.-L. Yu, Y.-B. Huang, C.-Y. Chen
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors are approved for use in monotherapy or in combination therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for However, numerous reports of DPP-4 inhibitors induced acute pancreatitis were made through the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System, and this led to a revision in the prescribing information for these drugs. Therefore, this study is designed to evaluate DPP-4 inhibitors induced acute pancreatitis via the spontaneous adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reporting system in a medical center. In four of 2305 ADR cases, it is suspected that DPP-4 inhibitors induced moderate to serious acute pancreatitis. …
Evaluation Of Boldenone As A Growth Promoter In Broilers: Safety And Meat Quality Aspects,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Evaluation Of Boldenone As A Growth Promoter In Broilers: Safety And Meat Quality Aspects, A. Elmajdoub, A. Garbaj, S. Abolghait, A. El-Mahmoudy
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The object of this study was to evaluate the safety and meat quality criteria in broilers following intramuscular injection of boldenone. Twenty-four broiler chicks, divided into two groups, were used in the present study. Boldenone was injected intramuscularly at a single-dose level of 5 mg/kg body weight into 12 broiler chicks at 2 weeks old; the other 12 chicks were injected with sesame oil and kept as controls. Blood samples were collected from the wing and metatarsal veins after 1, 2, and 3 weeks through the experimental course for hematological and clinic-chemical safety parameters. On the last day, chicks were …
Rapid Screening Of Toxic Salbutamol, Ractopamine, And Clenbuterol In Pork Sample By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography - Uv Method,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Rapid Screening Of Toxic Salbutamol, Ractopamine, And Clenbuterol In Pork Sample By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography - Uv Method, K. Yan, H. Zhang, W. Hui, H. Zhu, X. Li, F. Zhong, X. Tong, C. Chen
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
A rapid and simple high-performance liquid chromatography–UV method was developed for the separation and quantification of salbutamol, ractopamine, and clenbuterol in pork. A mixture of acetonitrile–formic acid–ammonium acetate was used as the mobile phase to separate three β-agonists on a C18 column with gradient. The effects of the addition of formic acid and ammonium acetate to mobile phases on the separation of β-agonists were investigated. These additives can greatly improve the resolution and sensitivity. Under the optimized chromatographic condition, this separation does not need extra sample preparation. Complete baseline separation of three β-agonists was achieved in < 20 minutes; the linear range is 0.2–50 μg/L with a correlation coefficient R2 value of > 0.99. Excellent method reproducibility …
Biochemical Characterization Of A Novel Antioxidant And Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptide From Struthio Camelus Egg White Protein Hydrolysis,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Biochemical Characterization Of A Novel Antioxidant And Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptide From Struthio Camelus Egg White Protein Hydrolysis, A. Asoodeh, M. Homayouni-Tabrizi, H. Shabestarian, S. Emtenani, S. Emtenani
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
A peptide from ostrich (Struthio camelus) egg white protein hydrolysate (OEWPH) was purified, characterized, and its antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties were evaluated. The OEWPH was prepared using pepsin and pancreatin, and then fractionated using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. The antioxidant activity of the WG-9 peptide was investigated based on its scavenging capacity for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, 2,20-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), superoxide (O2•-), hydroxyl (OH•-), and lipid peroxidation inhibition. The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity and kinetic parameters of the peptide were determined using N-[3-(2-Furyl)acryloyl]-L-phenylalanyl-glycyl-glycine (FAPGG) as a substrate. Tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the purified peptide …
Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity And Chemical Constituents Of Stenochlaena Palustris Fronds At Two Different Stages Of Maturity,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity And Chemical Constituents Of Stenochlaena Palustris Fronds At Two Different Stages Of Maturity, N.J.-Y. Chear, K.-Y. Khaw, V. Murugaiyah, C.-S. Lai
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Stenochlaena palustris fronds are popular as a vegetable in Southeast Asia. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the anticholinesterase properties and phytochemical profiles of the young and mature fronds of this plant. Both types of fronds were found to have selective inhibitory effect against butyrylcholinesterase compared with acetylcholinesterase. However, different sets of compounds were responsible for their activity. In young fronds, an antibutyrylcholinesterase effect was observed in the hexane extract, which was comprised of a variety of aliphatic hydrocarbons, fatty acids, and phytosterols. In the mature fronds, inhibitory activity was observed in the methanol extract, which contained a …
Characterizing Diversity Based On Nutritional And Bioactive Compositions Of Yam Germplasm (Dioscorea Spp.) Commonly Cultivated In China,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Characterizing Diversity Based On Nutritional And Bioactive Compositions Of Yam Germplasm (Dioscorea Spp.) Commonly Cultivated In China, Z.-G. Wu, W. Jiang, M. Nitin, X.-Q. Bao, S.-L. Chen, Z.-M. Tao
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Yams (Dioscorea spp.) are widely cultivated as edible resources and medical materials in China. Characterizing chemical compositions in yam germplasm is crucial to determine their diversity and suitability for food and medicine applications. In this study, a core germplasm containing 25 yam landraces was used to create an effective classification of usage by characterizing their nutritive and medicinal compositions. All studied landraces exhibited high contents of starch from 60.7% to 80.6% dry weight (DW), protein (6.3-12.2% DW), minerals (especially Mg 326.8-544.7 mg/kg DW), and essential amino acids. Allantoin and dioscin varied considerably, with values of 0.62-1.49% DW and 0.032-0.092% DW, …
Determination Of Scutellarin In Breviscapine Preparations Using Quantitative Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Determination Of Scutellarin In Breviscapine Preparations Using Quantitative Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Z. Jiang, J. Yang, Y. Jiao, W. Li, X. Chai, L. Zhang, M. Jiang, Y. Wang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The objective of the present study was to develop the selection criteria of proton signals for the determination of scutellarin using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR), which is the main bioactive compound in breviscapine preparations for the treatment of cerebrovascular disease. The methyl singlet signal of 3-(trimethylsilyl)propionic-2,2,3,3-d4 acid sodium salt was selected as the internal standard for quantification. The molar concentration of scutellarin was determined by employing different proton signals. To obtain optimum proton signals for the quantification, different combinations of proton signals were investigated according to two selection criteria: the recovery rate of qNMR method and quantitative results compared …
Delphinidin Immobilized On Silver Nanoparticles For The Simultaneous Determination Of Ascorbic Acid, Noradrenalin, Uric Acid, And Tryptophan,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Delphinidin Immobilized On Silver Nanoparticles For The Simultaneous Determination Of Ascorbic Acid, Noradrenalin, Uric Acid, And Tryptophan, N. Nasirizadeh, Z. Shekari, M. Dehghani, S. Makarem
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
In the present study, the fabrication of a new modified electrode for electrocatalytic oxidation of noradrenalin, based on the delphinidin immobilized on silver nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode. Cyclic voltammetry was used to investigate the redox properties of this modified electrode. The surface charge transfer rate constant (ks) and the charge transfer coefficient (α) for the electron transfer between the glassy carbon electrode and the immobilized delphinidin were calculated. The differential pulse voltammetry exhibited two linear dynamic ranges and a detection limit of 0.40μM for noradrenalin determination. Moreover, the present electrode could separate the oxidation peak potentials of ascorbic acid, …
Purification And Identification Of Anti-Inflammatory Peptides Derived From Simulated Gastrointestinal Digests Of Velvet Antler Protein (Cervus Elaphus Linnaeus),
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Purification And Identification Of Anti-Inflammatory Peptides Derived From Simulated Gastrointestinal Digests Of Velvet Antler Protein (Cervus Elaphus Linnaeus), L. Zhao, X. Wang, X.-L. Zhang, Q.-F. Xie
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The objective of this study was to identify anti-inflammatory peptides from simulated gastrointestinal digest (pepsin-pancreatin hydrolysate) of velvet antler protein. The hydrolysate was purified using ultrafiltration and consecutive chromatographic methods. The anti-inflammatory activity of the purified fraction was evaluated by the inhibition of NO production in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Four anti-inflammatory peptides, VH (Val-His), LAN (Leu-Ala-Asn), AL (Ala-Leu), and IA (Ile-Ala), were identified by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Each of these peptides demonstrated a U-shaped dose-effect relationship. VH, LAN, AL and IA showed the strongest anti-inflammatory activities at 200 μg/mL, that is, 15.5%, 13.0%, 16.0% and 11.2% inhibition of …
