Antihemolytic And Antioxidant Properties Of Pearl Powder Against 2,2′-Azobis(2-Amidinopropane) Dihydrochloride-Induced Hemolysis And Oxidative Damage To Erythrocyte Membrane Lipids And Proteins,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Antihemolytic And Antioxidant Properties Of Pearl Powder Against 2,2′-Azobis(2-Amidinopropane) Dihydrochloride-Induced Hemolysis And Oxidative Damage To Erythrocyte Membrane Lipids And Proteins, H.-L. Yang, M. Korivi, M.-K. Lin, H.C.-W. Chang, C.-R. Wu, M.-S. Lee, W.T.-L. Chen, Y.-C. Hseu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Pearl powder, a well-known traditional mineral medicine, is reported to be used for well-being and to treat several diseases from centuries in Taiwan and China. We investigated the in vitro antihemolytic and antioxidant properties of pearl powder that could protect erythrocytes against 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced oxidative damage to membrane proteins/lipids. Human erythrocytes were incubated with different concentrations of pearl powder (50–200 μg/mL) for 30 minutes and then exposed to AAPH for 2–6 hours. We found that AAPH alone time dependently increased the oxidative hemolysis of erythrocytes, while pearl powder pretreatment substantially inhibited the hemolysis in a concentration-/time-dependent manner. AAPH-induced oxidative …
The Stimulating Effects Of Polyphenol And Protein Fractions From Jelly Fig (Ficus Awkeotsang Makino) Achenes Against Proliferation Of Leukemia Cells,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
The Stimulating Effects Of Polyphenol And Protein Fractions From Jelly Fig (Ficus Awkeotsang Makino) Achenes Against Proliferation Of Leukemia Cells, Y.-Z. Shih, A.-J. Huang, C.-Y. Hou, C.-M. Jiang, M.-C. Wu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
This study aimed to investigate the direct and immune-stimulated antiproliferative activities of jelly fig achenes fractions including pectinesterase inhibitors, crude polyphenols extract, and purified polyphenols extract (PP). Beside the measurement of cell viability of U937, the quantity of cytokines in conditioned medium and morphologic changes in leukemia were observed. After surveying all fractions in jelly fig, the obtained fractions of polyphenol exhibited the highest stimulating effects and directly cytotoxic effects against leukemia with the lowest effect found in protein fractions. The leukemia treated by our PP fraction showed dose-dependent response between the concentration and G2/M cell numbers of the U937 …
Rapid Determination Of Capsaicinoids By Colorimetric Method,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Rapid Determination Of Capsaicinoids By Colorimetric Method, W.-K. Ryu, H.-W. Kim, G.-D. Kim, H.-I. Rhee
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Capsaicinoids, the pungent component of chili peppers, are generally analyzed by precise analytical techniques, such as gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), but these are not practical for the mass analyses of samples. To analyze mass samples rapidly, a colorimetric method was suggested. In this work, pigments and capsaicinoids were efficiently separated from chili pepper extract by sequential solid–liquid extraction and liquid–liquid extraction in test tubes followed by a colorimetric analysis on the capsaicinoids by a selective chromogenic reaction with Gibbs reagent (2,6-dichloroquinone-4-chloroimide). In the comparison of the capsaicinoid content by the colorimetric method and HPLC using acetone extracts …
Morphological And Chemical Analyses Of Eriocauli Flos Sold In Taiwan Markets,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Morphological And Chemical Analyses Of Eriocauli Flos Sold In Taiwan Markets, I.-J. Lee, C.-P. Chung, S.-J. Chang, Y.-L. Lin
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Eriocauli Flos (Gujingcao; EF), the dried capitulum with the peduncle of Eriocaulon buergerianum Koern. (Eriocaulaceae), is a Chinese herbal medicine for treating eye diseases and inflammation. However, several species of the Eriocaulon genus are used as substitutes in different areas. To examine the species of EF used in Taiwan and to establish the quality control platform, morphological and chemical analyses have been performed. Ten major compounds, including apigenin (7) and its 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 7-O-(6-O-E-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), hispidulin (8) and its 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) and 7-O-(6-O-E-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), jaceosidin (9) and its 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), and toralactone (10) and its 9-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), were isolated …
The Effect Of Vacuum Packaging On Histamine Changes Of Milkfish Sticks At Various Storage Temperatures,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
The Effect Of Vacuum Packaging On Histamine Changes Of Milkfish Sticks At Various Storage Temperatures, H.-F. Kung, Y.-C. Lee, C.-W. Lin, Y.-R. Huang, C.-A. Cheng, C.-M. Lin, Y.-H. Tsai
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The effects of polyethylene packaging (PEP) (in air) and vacuum packaging (VP) on the histamine related quality of milkfish sticks stored at different temperatures (−20°C, 4°C, 15°C, and 25°C) were studied. The results showed that the aerobic plate count (APC), pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVBN), and histamine contents increased as storage time increased when the PEP and VP samples were stored at 25°C. At below 15°C, the APC, TVBN, pH, and histamine levels in PEP and VP samples were retarded, but the VP samples had considerably lower levels of APC, TVBN, and histamine than PEP samples. Once the frozen …
The Regulatory Effects Of Fish Oil And Chitosan On Hepatic Lipogenic Signals In High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
The Regulatory Effects Of Fish Oil And Chitosan On Hepatic Lipogenic Signals In High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats, C.-Y. Chiu, T.-C. Chang, S.-H. Liu, M.-T. Chiang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The present study investigated the regulatory effects of fish oil and chitosan on the signals of hepatic lipid metabolism and the postulated mechanism in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Diet supplementation of chitosan and fish oil efficiently suppressed the increased weights in body and livers of high-fat diet-fed rats. Supplementation of chitosan and fish oil significantly decreased the activities of hepatic lipid biosynthesis-related enzymes and efficiently regulated plasma lipoprotein homeostasis. Both chitosan and fish oil significantly ameliorated the alterations in the protein expressions of hepatic lipogenic transcription factors (LXRα and PPARα), and could also significantly regulate the downstream hepatic lipogenic genes …
Qualitative And Quantitative Characterization Of Secondary Metabolites And Carbohydrates In Bai-Hu-Tang Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Quadrupole Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry And Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Photodiode Array Detector,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Qualitative And Quantitative Characterization Of Secondary Metabolites And Carbohydrates In Bai-Hu-Tang Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Quadrupole Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry And Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Photodiode Array Detector, W.-F. Zhong, W.-S. Tong, S.-S. Zhou, K.-M. Yip, S.-L. Li, Z.-Z. Zhao, J. Xu, H.-B. Chen
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Bai-Hu-Tang (BHT), a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula used for clearing heat and promoting body fluid, consists of four traditional Chinese medicines, i.e., Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle (Zhigancao), and nonglutinous rice (Jingmi). The chemical composition of BHT still remains largely elusive thus far. To qualitatively and quantitatively characterize secondary metabolites and carbohydrates in BHT, here a combination of analytical approaches using ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector was developed and validated. A total of 42 secondary metabolites in …
Red Algae (Gelidium Amansii) Hot-Water Extract Ameliorates Lipid Metabolism In Hamsters Fed A High-Fat Diet,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Red Algae (Gelidium Amansii) Hot-Water Extract Ameliorates Lipid Metabolism In Hamsters Fed A High-Fat Diet, T.-H. Yang, H.-T. Yao, M.-T. Chiang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Gelidium amansii (GA) hot-water extracts (GHE) on lipid metabolism in hamsters. Six-week-old male Syrian hamsters were used as the experimental animals. Hamsters were divided into four groups: (1) control diet group (CON); (2) high-fat diet group (HF); (3) HF with GHE diet group (HF + GHE); (4) HF with probucol diet group (HF + PO). All groups were fed the experimental diets and drinking water ad libitum for 6 weeks. The results showed that GHE significantly decreased body weight, liver weight, and adipose tissue (perirenal and paraepididymal) weight. The …
Application Of Novel Ni(Ii) Complex And Zro2 Nanoparticle As Mediators For Electrocatalytic Determination Of N-Acetylcysteine In Drug Samples,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Application Of Novel Ni(Ii) Complex And Zro2 Nanoparticle As Mediators For Electrocatalytic Determination Of N-Acetylcysteine In Drug Samples, H. Karimi-Maleh, M. Salehi, F. Faghani
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The electrooxidation of N-acetylcysteine (N-AC) was studied by a novel Ni(II) complex modified ZrO2 nanoparticle carbon paste electrode [Ni(II)/ZrO2/NPs/CPE] using voltammetric methods. The results showed that Ni(II)/ZrO2/NPs/CPE had high electrocatalytic activity for the electrooxidation of N-AC in aqueous buffer solution (pH = 7.0). The electrocatalytic oxidation peak currents increase linearly with N-AC concentrations over the concentration ranges of 0.05–600μM using square wave voltammetric methods. The detection limit for N-AC was equal to 0.009μM. The catalytic reaction rate constant, kh, was calculated (7.01 × 102 M−1 s−1) using the chronoamperometry method. Finally, Ni(II)/ZrO2/NPs/CPE was also examined as an ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor …
Enhanced Active Extracellular Polysaccharide Production From Ganoderma Formosanum Using Computational Modeling,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Enhanced Active Extracellular Polysaccharide Production From Ganoderma Formosanum Using Computational Modeling, K.-D. Hsu, S.-P. Wu, S.-P. Lin, C.-C. Lum, K.-C. Cheng
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) is one of the major bioactive ingredients contributing to the health benefits of Ganoderma spp. In this study, response surface methodology was applied to determine the optimal culture conditions for EPS production of Ganoderma formosanum. The optimum medium composition was found to be at initial pH 5.3, 49.2 g/L of glucose, and 4.9 g/L of yeast extract by implementing a three-factor–three-level Box–Behnken design. Under this condition, the predicted yield of EPS was up to 830.2 mg/L, which was 1.4-fold higher than the one from basic medium (604.5 mg/L). Furthermore, validating the experimental value of EPS production depicted …
Quality Assessment Of Trace Cd And Pb Contaminants In Thai Herbal Medicines Using Ultrasound-Assisted Digestion Prior To Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Quality Assessment Of Trace Cd And Pb Contaminants In Thai Herbal Medicines Using Ultrasound-Assisted Digestion Prior To Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, W. Siriangkhawut, P. Sittichan, K. Ponhong, P. Chantiratikul
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
A simple, efficient, and reliable ultrasound-assisted digestion (UAD) procedure was used for sample preparation prior to quantitative determination of trace Cd and Pb contaminants in herbal medicines using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The parameters influencing UAD such as the solvent system, sample mass, presonication time, sonication time, and digestion temperature were evaluated. The efficiency of the proposed UAD procedure was evaluated by comparing with conventional acid digestion (CAD) procedure. Under the optimum conditions, linear calibration graphs in a range of 2–250 μg/L for Cd, and 50–1000 μg/L for Pb were obtained with detection limits of 0.56 μg/L and 10.7 μg/L …
Phosphorylation And Antiaging Activity Of Polysaccharide From Trichosanthes Peel,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Phosphorylation And Antiaging Activity Of Polysaccharide From Trichosanthes Peel, M. Zhang, N. Su, Q. Huang, Q. Zhang, Y. Wang, J. Li, M. Ye
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Polysaccharides from Trichosanthes peel (TPP) were obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction. TPP-1 was separated from the TPP by Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. Phosphorylation of TPP-1 was carried out and phosphorylated TPP-1 was named as PTTP-1. The results of infrared spectra, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra showed that the main structure of PTPP-1 was similar to that of TPP-1 and -H2PO3 groups which were conjugated to C-6 of →4)-α-D-Manp-(1→, C-4 of →6)-α-D-Galp-(1→, C-2 and C-3 of →1)-α-L-Araf, C-2 of →1)-α-L-Araf-(3→, and C-6 and C-3 of →1)-α-D-Glcp. In vivo antiaging activity results proved that TTP-1 and PTTP-1 …
Dunaliella Salina Alga Extract Inhibits The Production Of Interleukin-6, Nitric Oxide, And Reactive Oxygen Species By Regulating Nuclear Factor-Κb/Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer And Activator Of Transcription In Virus-Infected Raw264.7 Cells,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Dunaliella Salina Alga Extract Inhibits The Production Of Interleukin-6, Nitric Oxide, And Reactive Oxygen Species By Regulating Nuclear Factor-Κb/Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer And Activator Of Transcription In Virus-Infected Raw264.7 Cells, H.-W. Lin, C.-W. Liu, D.-J. Yang, C.-C. Chen, S.-Y. Chen, J.-K. Tseng, T.-J. Chang, Y.-Y. Chang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Recent investigations have demonstrated that carotenoid extract of Dunaliella salina alga (Alga) contains abundant β-carotene and has good anti-inflammatory activities. Murine macrophage (RAW264.7 cells) was used to establish as an in vitro model of pseudorabies virus-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) response. In this study, antioxidant activities of Alga were measured based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assays, reducing power, and virus-induced ROS formation in RAW264.7 cells. Anti-inflammatory activities of Alga were assessed by its ability to inhibit the production of interleukin-6 and nitric oxide (NO) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, then the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator …
Determination Of Underivatized Amino Acids To Evaluate Quality Of Beer By Capillary Electrophoresis With Online Sweeping Technique,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Determination Of Underivatized Amino Acids To Evaluate Quality Of Beer By Capillary Electrophoresis With Online Sweeping Technique, T. Luo, J. Ke, Y. Xie, Y. Dong
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) with ultraviolet detection was applied to determine underivatized amino acids in beer, based on the coordination interaction of copper ions and amino acids. An online sweeping technique was combined with CE to improve detection sensitivity. Using the United Nations Food Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization model of essential amino acid pattern and flavor of amino acids, the quality and taste in three kinds of beer were evaluated. It was found that Beer2 had higher quality than the other two kinds and the content of phenylalanine, proline, serine, and isoleucine was relatively large in all three kinds of beers …
The Impact Of Gallic Acid On The Methotrexate-Induced Kidney Damage In Rats,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
The Impact Of Gallic Acid On The Methotrexate-Induced Kidney Damage In Rats, H. Asci, O. Ozmen, H.Y. Ellidag, B. Aydin, E. Bas, N. Yilmaz
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Prolonged use of an antineoplastic agent methotrexate (MTX), can cause numerous side effects such as nephrotoxicity. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of MTX on kidneys and demonstrate the protective effects of gallic acid (GA). Twenty-four, male, rats distributed into three groups. Each groups consisted eight rats and only saline was administered to the control group. The MTX group received a single dose (20 mg/kg) MTX intraperitoneally. The MTX + GA group received same dose MTX and 100 mg/kg GA orally during the 7 days. Renal functions, oxidative stress markers, histopathological and immunohistochemical changes were evaluated …
Identification Of Cow Milk In Goat Milk By Nonlinear Chemical Fingerprint Technique,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Identification Of Cow Milk In Goat Milk By Nonlinear Chemical Fingerprint Technique, Y.-J. Ma, W.-B. Dong, C. Fan, E.-D. Wang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The objective of this paper was to develop a nonlinear chemical fingerprint technique for identifying and detecting adulteration of goat milk with cow milk. In this study, by taking the Belousov-Zhabotinsky oscillatory chemical reaction using acetone and substrates in goat milk or cow milk as main dissipative substances, when the same dosage of goat milk and cow milk was introduced to the “H+ + Mn2+ + BrO3− + acetone” oscillating system respectively, nonlinear chemical fingerprints were obtained for goat milk and cow milk from the same origin. The results showed that inductive time value and the content of cow milk …
Anti-Oxidant Activity And Major Chemical Component Analyses Of Twenty-Six Commercially Available Essential Oils,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Anti-Oxidant Activity And Major Chemical Component Analyses Of Twenty-Six Commercially Available Essential Oils, H.-F. Wang, K.-H. Yih, C.-H. Yang, K.-F. Huang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
This study analyzed 26 commercially available essential oils and their major chemical components to determine their antioxidant activity levels by measuring their total phenolic content (TPC), reducing power (RP), β-carotene bleaching (BCB) activity, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging (DFRS) ability. The clove bud and thyme borneol essential oils had the highest RP, BCB activity levels, and TPC values among the 26 commercial essential oils. Furthermore, of the 26 essential oils, the clove bud and ylang ylang complete essential oils had the highest TEAC values, and the clove bud and jasmine absolute essential oils had the …
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid-Derived Dna Adducts Are Common Toxicological Biomarkers Of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid N-Oxides,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid-Derived Dna Adducts Are Common Toxicological Biomarkers Of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid N-Oxides, X. He, Q. Xia, K. Woodling, G. Lin, P.P. Fu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
There are 660 pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and PA N-oxides present in the plants, with approximately half being possible carcinogens. We previously reported that a set of four PA-derived DNA adducts is formed in the liver of rats administered a series of hepatocarcinogenic PAs and a PA N-oxide. Based on our findings, we hypothesized that this set of DNA adducts is a common biological biomarker of PA-induced liver tumor formation. In this study, we determined that rat liver microsomal metabolism of five hepatocarcinogenic PAs (lasiocarpine, retrorsine, riddelliine, monocrotaline, and heliotrine) and their corresponding PA N-oxides produced the same set of DNA …
Effects Of Electrolysis Time And Electric Potential On Chlorine Generation Of Electrolyzed Deep Ocean Water,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Effects Of Electrolysis Time And Electric Potential On Chlorine Generation Of Electrolyzed Deep Ocean Water, G.-S.W. Hsu, Y.-F. Lu, S.-Y. Hsu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Electrolyzed water is a sustainable disinfectant, which can comply with food safety regulations and is environmentally friendly. A two-factor central composite design was adopted for studying the effects of electrolysis time and electric potential on the chlorine generation efficiency of electrolyzed deep ocean water (DOW). DOW was electrolyzed in a glass electrolyzing cell equipped with platinum–plated titanium anode and cathode. The results showed that chlorine concentration reached maximal level in the batch process. Prolonged electrolysis reduced chlorine concentration in the electrolyte and was detrimental to electrolysis efficiency, especially under high electric potential conditions. Therefore, the optimal choice of electrolysis time …
Extraction And Quantification Of Polyphenols From Kinnow (Citrus Reticulate L.) Peel Using Ultrasound And Maceration Techniques,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Extraction And Quantification Of Polyphenols From Kinnow (Citrus Reticulate L.) Peel Using Ultrasound And Maceration Techniques, M.N. Safdar, T. Kausar, S. Jabbar, A. Mumtaz, K. Ahad, A.A. Saddozai
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
An investigation was carried out to extract polyphenols from the peel of kinnow (Citrus reticulate L.) by maceration and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) techniques. The antioxidant potential of these polyphenols was evaluated using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and superoxide radical scavenging assays; and their antimicrobial activity was assessed against bacterial strains Staphyloccoccus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Salmonella typhimurium. The highest extraction yield was obtained through the solvent ethanol at 80% concentration level, whereas UAE was a more efficient technique and yielded comparatively higher polyphenol contents than maceration. Maximum polyphenols were extracted with 80% methanol [32.48 mg gallic acid …
