The Role Of Ap-1 And Related Inhibitors In Cortisol Secretion And Inflammation,
2013
Brigham Young University
The Role Of Ap-1 And Related Inhibitors In Cortisol Secretion And Inflammation, D. Craig Seager, Dr. Allan Judd
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) increases the secretion of cortisol from bovine adrenal zona fasciculata (ZF) and human adrenal tumor H295R cells. However, the biochemical mechanisms involved in IL- 6-stimulated cortisol secretion are not well understood. In previous studies, it has been determined that IL-6 increases the phosphorylation of Janus kinases (JAK) and signal transducer and activators of transcription (STATs). In many tissues, the JAK-STAT pathway and the activator protein-1 (AP-1) pathways interact. AP-1 is composed of homodimers and heterodimers of the proteins c-Fos, c-Jun, JunB, and JunD. Therefore, in this study we determined the effects of IL-6 on the cellular content of …
Long-Term Preservation Of Breadfruit, Cassava, And Taro By Solar-Drying In The Pacific Islands Area,
2013
Brigham Young University
Long-Term Preservation Of Breadfruit, Cassava, And Taro By Solar-Drying In The Pacific Islands Area, Jonathan Pratt Rowe
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Cassava, taro, and breadfruit are critical food sources indigenous to the Pacific islands. Because they serve as the main source of energy for 500 million people, their availability is vital to the survival of these people. In addition to the energy provided, these plants also provide essential vitamins and minerals. Generally, cassava, taro, and breadfruit are grown with relative ease and abundance. Their physical and chemical properties, however, are not conducive to storage, and as a result, much is wasted.
Theory Of Planned Behavior To Predict Multivitamin/Mineral Use,
2013
Eastern Michigan University
Theory Of Planned Behavior To Predict Multivitamin/Mineral Use, Heather Petraszko
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
This health behavior research study utilizes the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to explore female collegiate lightweight rowers' (FCLR) decision to use multivitamin/mineral supplements (MVS). This study aimed to determine the relationship between FCLR salient beliefs, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control (PBC) towards MVS, intention to use MVS, and use of MVS. Subjects were recruited from sixteen collegiate lightweight women's rowing programs within the United States and Canada and asked to complete an online survey. Results confirmed that the subjects' attitudes and PBC, but not subjective norms, were associated with intention to use MVS. In agreement with TPB …
A Comparison Of The Impact Of A Heart-Healthy Diet Versus Paleolithic Nutrition On Hyperlipidemia In Adults,
2013
Eastern Michigan University
A Comparison Of The Impact Of A Heart-Healthy Diet Versus Paleolithic Nutrition On Hyperlipidemia In Adults, Robert Pastore
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Paleolithic nutrition can optimize serum lipids in adults with hyperlipidemia who have been on a heart-healthy diet based on the current recommendations by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (the Academy) or the American Heart Association (AHA). Twenty subjects (10 male and 10 female) age 40 to 62 were selected based on the criteria of a diagnosis of hypercholesterolemia. Subjects were not taking any cholesterol lowering medication and had followed a calorie-controlled diet, based on either the dietary principles of the Academy or the AHA, for at least four months followed by a Paleolithic diet for four months. Multivariate analysis …
Supplement Shortfall,
2013
Andrews University
Natural Genetic Variation Affecting Calcium Homeostasis,
2013
Purdue University
Natural Genetic Variation Affecting Calcium Homeostasis, Rebecca Anna Replogle
Open Access Dissertations
Calcium (Ca) is essential for multiple functions within the body including skeletal health. The level of Ca in the serum is tightly regulated. During periods of habitual low Ca intake, the body senses a decrease in serum Ca and increases renal conversion of 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) to 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D). 1,25(OH)2D acts through the vitamin D receptor (VDR) to increase intestinal Ca absorption, renal Ca reabsorption and skeletal Ca resorption. Efficient intestinal Ca absorption, especially during periods of low Ca intake, is critical for protecting bone mass. Ca absorption and its primary regulator, 1,25(OH)2D, are affected by both …
Brain Bioavailability Of Polyphenols: Implications For Delivery Of Brain Health Benefits,
2013
Purdue University
Brain Bioavailability Of Polyphenols: Implications For Delivery Of Brain Health Benefits, Tzu-Ying Chen
Open Access Dissertations
Consumption of fruits and vegetables has been associated with neuroprotection and cognitive benefits throughout the life span. These associations have sparked interest in plant-derived polyphenols as biologically active agents with potential for targeting brain benefits. However, little is known regarding the ability of the polyphenols or their metabolites from polyphenol-rich products to cross the blood-brain-barrier, and be available for biological action. Furthermore, additional insight is needed on factors affecting the absorption and brain distribution of polyphenol metabolites in vivo. To fill gap in current knowledge, this thesis will focus on the effects of diabetogenic diet and diabetic state which have …
Metabolic Characterization Of A Sirt5 Deficient Mouse Model,
2013
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne
Metabolic Characterization Of A Sirt5 Deficient Mouse Model, Jiujiu Yu, Sushabhan Sadhukhan, Lilia G. Noriega, Norman Moullan, Bin He, Robert S. Weiss, Hening Lin, Kristina Schoonjans, Johan Auwerx
Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications
Sirt5, localized in the mitochondria, is a member of sirtuin family of NAD1-dependent deacetylases. Sirt5 was shown to deacetylate and activate carbamoyl phosphate synthase 1. Most recently, Sirt5 was reported to be the predominant protein desuccinylase and demalonylase in the mitochondria because the ablation of Sirt5 enhanced the global succinylation and malonylation of mitochondrial proteins, including many metabolic enzymes. In order to determine the physiological role of Sirt5 in metabolic homeostasis, we generated a germline Sirt5 deficient (Sirt52/2) mouse model and performed a thorough metabolic characterization of this mouse line. Although a global protein hypersuccinylation and elevated serum ammonia during …
Tissue And Intracellular Distribution Kinetics Of Vitamin K,
2013
Brigham Young University
Tissue And Intracellular Distribution Kinetics Of Vitamin K, David Hunt, Dr. Robert Davidson
Journal of Undergraduate Research
In June of 2003 I began studying the metabolism kinetics of vitamin K in the Sprague-Dawley rat under the tutelage of Dr. Robert Davidson. This work has since developed into the body of my proposed Master’s thesis. This letter is intended to communicate the progress of this research.
Preventing Malnutrition Within Ecuador,
2013
Brigham Young University
Preventing Malnutrition Within Ecuador, Tiffany Covington, Dr. Alison Campbell
Journal of Undergraduate Research
La Rinconada is a unique indigenous village tucked away in the northern mountainous regions of Imbabura, Ecuador where the children of local subsistence farmers suffer from nutritional deficiencies. Studies completed by The Benson Institute show that before the year 2000, 50 percent of the villagers did not consume vegetables. Similar studies also show that meat consumption was often saved and therefore not consumed except for special occasions. Macro and micro-nutrient deficiencies within the children are evident through stunted growth patterns, hair discoloration, loss of eyesight, and premature death.
Food Insecurity Among Children In Massachusetts,
2013
Boston University
Food Insecurity Among Children In Massachusetts, Stephanie Ettinger De Cuba, Deborah A. Frank, Maya Pilgrim, Maria Buitrago, Anna Voremberg, Harris Rollinger, Denise A. Hines
New England Journal of Public Policy
This article focuses on the prevalence among Massachusetts children and families of food insecurity, inadequate access to enough nutritious food for an active and healthy life. It summarizes research findings on the association of food insecurity with less optimal children’s health and development from the prenatal period through adolescence. Food insecurity also correlates with other material hardships, such as housing and energy insecurity. Data show families’ participation in public nutrition and other assistance program is associated with decreased prevalence of food insecurity and with mitigation of its impact on children’s health and well-being. The article concludes with recommendations for policy …
Agriculture And The Food System: A Short History And Country Case Study In Mongolia,
2013
SIT Graduate Institute
Agriculture And The Food System: A Short History And Country Case Study In Mongolia, Marissa L. Markowitz
Capstone Collection
This paper includes a brief history of the human food system. It includes an exploration of the formation of the food system, the development of the modernized food and agriculture system, and challenges arisen throughout. Additionally, a specific case study into Mongolia and the unique geography of its food system is highlighted. The purpose of providing the case study is to consider challenges of a food system in transition amidst development in one country. Recommendations for Mongolia anent sustainable development are provided.
Predicting Regional Circumferences From Regional Body Composition Data,
2013
Brigham Young University
Predicting Regional Circumferences From Regional Body Composition Data, Toria Mcmullin, Dr. Robert T. Davidson
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Due to the current trend obesity rates and the increased public awareness of the connection between body composition and health, individuals are becoming more and more interested in assessing and changing their own body composition. The current methods used to assess body composition include the following: dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), computerized tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA), Near-Infrared Interactance (NIR), BodPod measurements, skinfold and circumference anthropometric measurements, and hydrodensitometry. Multicomponent models most accurately predict body composition. However, such models—including hydrodensitometry and DEXA—are either too difficult or too costly for practical, widespread consideration. Other methods are …
The Effect Of Isoflavone And Selenium Diets On Body Composition (Biochemical Responses To Phytoestrogen And Selenium Diets In Noble Rats Relating To Reduced Prostate Cancer Risk),
2013
Brigham Young University
The Effect Of Isoflavone And Selenium Diets On Body Composition (Biochemical Responses To Phytoestrogen And Selenium Diets In Noble Rats Relating To Reduced Prostate Cancer Risk), Jessica Tolman, Dr. Merrill J. Christensen
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The intent of the following research was to fulfill the thesis requirements for the BYU Honors Program, the following report is complied from excerpts from my Honors Thesis. The results were presented at the 8th International Symposium on Selenium in Biology and Medicine. At the beginning of this project I focused my interests on the effect of isoflavone and selenium on body composition. I later used these findings and the effect of isoflavone and selenium on hormone serum levels to determine the effect of isoflavone and selenium on prostate cancer risk.
The Antimicrobial Effects Of Honey Against H. Pylori,
2013
Brigham Young University
The Antimicrobial Effects Of Honey Against H. Pylori, Walker Berkley, Dr. Frost Steele
Journal of Undergraduate Research
In 2005 Dr. Marshall, along with co-discoverer Dr, J Robin Warren, shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their linking the bacteria H. pylori to gastric ulcers and instituting regiments of antibiotic treatments that culminated in the first long term cure for this dehabilitating stomach condition.
The Association Between Expectancies For Success And In-Season Dietary Practices Among A Group Of Female High School Softball Players,
2013
Brigham Young University
The Association Between Expectancies For Success And In-Season Dietary Practices Among A Group Of Female High School Softball Players, Elizabeth M. Crowley, Dr. Lora Beth Brown
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Coaches and trainers need to be aware of the dietary practices of their athletes and strive to encourage their players to engage in healthy and proper nutrition. The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) assess the dietary and nutrition practices of a group of female high school basketball players, and 2) to determine if expectancies for achievement and success are associated with better eating practices. Understanding the latter, may be useful in helping high school coaches devise ways to motivate players to improve their eating habits.
Bone Ashing To Measure The Effects Of Vitamin K In Bone Mineral Density In Rats,
2013
Brigham Young University
Bone Ashing To Measure The Effects Of Vitamin K In Bone Mineral Density In Rats, Michael Draney, Dr. Robert Davidson
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Millions of people throughout the world suffer from osteoporosis. It is a degenerative disease that is characterized by increased bone fragility and decreased bone mineral and bone density.
Dxa Scan Analysis Of The Reducing Effect Of Vitamin K And Omega-3 On Bone Mineral Loss In Ovariectomized (Ovx) Sprague-Dawley Rats,
2013
Brigham Young University
Dxa Scan Analysis Of The Reducing Effect Of Vitamin K And Omega-3 On Bone Mineral Loss In Ovariectomized (Ovx) Sprague-Dawley Rats, Stephen Roberts, Dr. Robert Davidson
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Vitamin K, long established as important for blood clotting, has received more recent attention regarding a role in bone metabolism and remodeling.1 Vitamin K could potentially be an effective treatment in reducing the deleterious effect of osteoporosis.
The Effect On Femur Bone Tensile Strength And Calcium Levels In Osteoporosis Induced Rats By Vitamin K Supplementation,
2013
Brigham Young University
The Effect On Femur Bone Tensile Strength And Calcium Levels In Osteoporosis Induced Rats By Vitamin K Supplementation, Ryan Probst, Dr. Robert T. Davidson
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Osteoporosis is a growing problem in the world today. With the aging population of the United State’s Baby Boomer generation, healthcare research is shifting dramatically to combat the rising rates of diseases associated with our aging population majority. Compiled with this majority of elderly people is the fact that Americans are living longer. We must face the challenges associated with the aging human body. Osteoporosis is an age-related disease. This study has added to the research available on osteoporosis and has provided enhanced methods to treat osteoporosis, a major problem especially in postmenopausal women. Several Asian studies report an increase …
Review Of Report On The “Status Of Nearshore Finfish Stocks In South-Western Western Australia: Australian Herring And Tailor”,
2013
Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australia
Review Of Report On The “Status Of Nearshore Finfish Stocks In South-Western Western Australia: Australian Herring And Tailor”, Department Of Fisheries
Fisheries Occasional Publications
No abstract provided.
