Heavy Metals Implications To Sediment Microbiome And Coral Response To Arsenic Dosing,
2024
Nova Southeastern University
Heavy Metals Implications To Sediment Microbiome And Coral Response To Arsenic Dosing, Dimitrios G. Giarikos, Amy Hirons, Jose V. Lopez, Abigail Renegar, Jason Gershman
SECLER Data
No abstract provided.
Fleq And Gac/Rsm-Mediated Regulation Of Biofilm Formation And Swarming Motility In Pseudomonas Fluorescens,
2024
Dartmouth College
Fleq And Gac/Rsm-Mediated Regulation Of Biofilm Formation And Swarming Motility In Pseudomonas Fluorescens, Alexander Benito Pastora
Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations
Pseudomonas fluorescens is a gram-negative Gammaproteobacterium that survives and persists in diverse environments. This survivability is dependent on the bacterium’s ability to form a biofilm. Within Pseudomonas fluorescens, biofilm formation is a complex and dynamic process involving multiple protein- and polysaccharide-based components which each individually serve a specific purpose. Of these components, the repeats-in-toxin (RTX) adhesins LapA and MapA are critical for biofilm formation. Specifically, LapA is important for initial establishment of a biofilm and MapA is important in forming a fully mature biofilm. Deployment of the RTX adhesins during biofilm formation is a highly coordinated process involving multiple …
Protein Nanoparticles As Vaccine Platforms For Human And
Zoonotic Viruses,
2024
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Protein Nanoparticles As Vaccine Platforms For Human And Zoonotic Viruses, Kush Kumar Pandey, Bikash R. Sahoo, Asit K. Pattnaik
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Vaccines are one of the most effective medical interventions, playing a pivotal role in treating infectious diseases. Although traditional vaccines comprise killed, inactivated, or liveattenuated pathogens that have resulted in protective immune responses, the negative consequences of their administration have been well appreciated. Modern vaccines have evolved to contain purified antigenic subunits, epitopes, or antigen-encoding mRNAs, rendering them relatively safe. However, reduced humoral and cellular responses pose major challenges to these subunit vaccines. Protein nanoparticle (PNP)-based vaccines have garnered substantial interest in recent years for their ability to present a repetitive array of antigens for improving immunogenicity and enhancing protective …
Establishment Of Bacteroides In The Gut And Its Role In The Cystic Fibrosis Gut-Lung Axis,
2024
Dartmouth College
Establishment Of Bacteroides In The Gut And Its Role In The Cystic Fibrosis Gut-Lung Axis, Rebecca A. Valls
Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations
In the quest to understand the complex interplay between the gut microbiota and cystic fibrosis (CF), a disease characterized by chronic upper respiratory complications and an exacerbated proinflammatory response, our lab engaged in a collaborative study with Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center (DHMC) to characterize the gut microbiota of pediatric CF patients. Initial analyses established a connection between gut microbial composition and respiratory health, particularly highlighting a scarcity of Bacteroides species compared to healthy controls. In following investigations, we utilized random forest models to understand how stool microbiota may influence clinical outcomes of these pediatric CF patients, including: age, upper respiratory infections, …
Hell's Tails: Localizing The Tail Proteins Of The Hyperthermophile-Infecting Virus Ssv1,
2024
Portland State University
Hell's Tails: Localizing The Tail Proteins Of The Hyperthermophile-Infecting Virus Ssv1, Jane Arterberry
University Honors Theses
The tail of Saccharolobus spindle-shaped virus 1 (SSV1) has long been thought to be composed solely of viral protein 4 (VP4), but recent SSV1 structural studies have implicated the presence of additional structural proteins C166 and B78 in SSV1's unique tail. The exact locations of these proteins have not been confirmed. Structural proteins VP4 (C-terminus) and B78 are hypothesized to contribute to an adapter region bridging the viral capsid to the tail, whereas C166 is thought to comprise the majority of an internal extended structure, respectively. SSV1 structural proteins lack cysteine residues providing targets to determine their locations in the …
The Influence Of A Ubiquitous Filter Feeder On Coastal Microbial Communities,
2024
Portland State University
The Influence Of A Ubiquitous Filter Feeder On Coastal Microbial Communities, Melissa Steinman
Dissertations and Theses
Doliolids are a unique study system for investigating the intricate relationship between pelagic tunicates and the marine microbial community. This study identified the eukaryotic and prokaryotic microbial taxa in wild-caught doliolids in the Northern California Current system. Doliolids were collected during bloom events identified at three different shelf locations with variable upwelling intensity. This study found that doliolids host a microbiome unique from that of the seawater surrounding them and that feeding by doliolids includes a range of prokaryotic microbial functional groups. This is the first study to identify that doliolids are a source of mortality for pelagic archaea, and …
Tetr Family Regulator, Farr, Influences Rot-Mediated Control Of Virulence Factor Expression In Staphylococcus Aureus,
2024
University of South Florida
Tetr Family Regulator, Farr, Influences Rot-Mediated Control Of Virulence Factor Expression In Staphylococcus Aureus, Julia C. Schumacher
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Point-mutation variants of the TetR family regulator, FarR, have emerged across Staphylococcus aureus sequence types as conferring antibiotic and fatty acid resistance, particularly in Hospital-Associated Methicillin Resistant S. aureus (HA-MRSA) strains. FarR also exhibits an additional largely uncharacterized relationship to virulence factor production, seemingly through the global repressor of toxins—Rot, which functions to regulate S. aureus’ ability to colonize and persist in the host via a complex cascade of signaling. While Rot protein is post-transcriptionally regulated by the highly characterized Agr system, there is little known about its transcriptional regulation. Herein, we explored these dynamics by initially characterizing virulence phenotypes …
Dietary Probiotic Supplement Attenuates Methamphetamine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference In Female Sprague-Dawley Rats,
2024
Western Michigan University
Dietary Probiotic Supplement Attenuates Methamphetamine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference In Female Sprague-Dawley Rats, Kristen Powell
Masters Theses
Substance use disorders (SUD) represent a global public health crisis with limited effective treatment options. Recent findings implicate the gut microbiome and gut/brain axis in the pathophysiology of SUDs. Several preclinical studies have established that psychostimulants alter gut microbiome composition, but no published studies have assessed behavioral effects of dietary probiotic supplements on drug-induced behavioral changes. This study utilized rodent conditioned place preference (CPP) as a behavioral index of conditioned drug reward to determine if a dietary probiotic supplement alters the behavioral effects of (+)-methamphetamine (METH). Fifty-four adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to receive either a standard rodent …
Editorial: The Gut-Skin Axis: Interaction Of Gut Microbiome And Skin Diseases,
2024
Foshan University
Editorial: The Gut-Skin Axis: Interaction Of Gut Microbiome And Skin Diseases, Jianmin Chai, Feilong Deng, Ying Li, Xiaoyuan Wei, Jiangchao Zhao
Animal Science Faculty Publications and Presentations
Editorial on the Research Topic: The gut-skin axis: interaction of gut microbiome and skin diseases
Recombinant Bile Salt Hydrolase Enhances The Inhibition Efficiency Of Taurodeoxycholic Acid Against Clostridium Perfringens Virulence,
2024
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Recombinant Bile Salt Hydrolase Enhances The Inhibition Efficiency Of Taurodeoxycholic Acid Against Clostridium Perfringens Virulence, Tahrir Alenezi, Bilal Alrubaye, Ying Fu, Janashrit Shrestha, Samar Algehani, Hong Wang, Rohana Liyanage, Xiaolun Sun
Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations
Clostridium perfringens is the main pathogen of chicken necrotic enteritis (NE) causing huge economic losses in the poultry industry. Although dietary secondary bile acid deoxycholic acid (DCA) reduced chicken NE, the accumulation of conjugated tauro-DCA (TDCA) raised concerns regarding DCA efficacy. In this study, we aimed to deconjugate TDCA by bile salt hydrolase (BSH) to increase DCA efficacy against the NE pathogen C. perfringens. Assays were conducted to evaluate the inhibition of C. perfringens growth, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production, and virulence gene expression by TDCA and DCA. BSH activity and sequence alignment were conducted to select the …
How Will Climate Change-Induced Increases In Wildfire Frequency Affect Soil Bacterial Communities?,
2024
Western Michigan University
How Will Climate Change-Induced Increases In Wildfire Frequency Affect Soil Bacterial Communities?, Bahar Saadaie Saadaie Jahromi
Masters Theses
In the face of global climate change, wildfires are expected to become more common, significantly impacting soil bacterial communities. This research investigates how increased fire frequency (shorter fire return intervals) affects these communities and whether impacts depend on the aboveground tree species. Soil samples were collected in 2022 from under four tree species, Populus grandidentata, Acer rubrum, Quercus rubra, and Pinus strobus, across plots that experienced fire in 1998, 1980, 1948, and 1911, with additional samples from 2017 burn plot that did not yet have trees growing. Soil moisture, temperature, pH, total carbon and nitrogen contents, and the C:N ratio …
Hydroponic Nutrient Solution Temperature Impacts Tulane Virus Persistence Over Time,
2024
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Hydroponic Nutrient Solution Temperature Impacts Tulane Virus Persistence Over Time, Gayatri R. Dhulappanavar, Kristen E. Gibson
Food Science Faculty Publications and Presentations
Controlled environment agriculture (CEA), or indoor agriculture, encompasses non-traditional farming methods that occur inside climate-controlled structures (e.g., greenhouses, warehouses, high tunnels) allowing for year-round production of fresh produce such as leaf lettuce. However, recent outbreaks and recalls associated with hydroponically grown lettuce contaminated with human pathogens have raised concerns. Few studies exist on the food safety risks during hydroponic cultivation of leaf lettuce; thus, it is important to identify contributing risk factors and potential mitigation strategies to prevent foodborne transmission via hydroponically grown produce. In this study, the concentration of infectious Tulane virus (TV), a human norovirus surrogate, in hydroponic …
The Anticancer Activity Of A Novel 8-Hydroxyquinoline Derivatives Against 5-Fluorouracil Resistant Colorectal Cancer Cells,
2024
United Arab Emirates University
The Anticancer Activity Of A Novel 8-Hydroxyquinoline Derivatives Against 5-Fluorouracil Resistant Colorectal Cancer Cells, Mazoun Talal Al Azzani
Theses
Cancer is a global health crisis for which 20 million new cases were diagnosed in 2022 alone, with 9.3 million cancer-related deaths. Nearly 900,000 deaths were due to colorectal cancer (CRC), which is the third leading cause of cancer related mortality. In the United Arab Emirates, 550 new cases of CRC were reported in 2022. A major clinical challenge with CRC treatment is the development of resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5FU)-based chemotherapy regimens, which are the standard treatment for CRC. In the present study, the anticancer activity of two novel 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) derivatives AS45 and AS47 was examined against 5FU-sensitive (HCT116) …
The Interplay Of Gut Microbiota And Their Metabolites As Potential Regulators Of Resilience Or Susceptibility To Traumatic Stress In Male And Female Rats,
2024
Touro College and University System
The Interplay Of Gut Microbiota And Their Metabolites As Potential Regulators Of Resilience Or Susceptibility To Traumatic Stress In Male And Female Rats, Arax Tanelian
NYMC Student Theses and Dissertations
Exposure to traumatic stress is a major risk factor for the development of mood disorders in a subpopulation of individuals, while others remain resilient. Notably, women are twice as likely as men to develop affective disorders in the aftermath of trauma. The mechanisms and contributing factors that influence sex-related disparities in mood disorders and variations in resilience remain unclear. We hypothesized that sex-specific inter-individual differences in microbial composition, functionality, and metabolites would contribute to host resilience or susceptibility to stress-induced psychopathologies. In this study, we used single prolonged stress (SPS), an animal model of Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), to …
A Potential Of Watercress Nasturtium Officinale Bioactive Compounds In Inhibiting Infectious Myonecrosis Virus (Imnv) By Targeting Rna-Dependent Rna Polymerase (Rdrp) Virus From Several Countries: In Silico Approach,
2024
Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
A Potential Of Watercress Nasturtium Officinale Bioactive Compounds In Inhibiting Infectious Myonecrosis Virus (Imnv) By Targeting Rna-Dependent Rna Polymerase (Rdrp) Virus From Several Countries: In Silico Approach, Qurrota A’Yunin, Fatchiyah Fatchiyah, Maftuch Maftuch, Feri Eko Hermanto, Muhammad Hermawan Widyananda, Narendra Santika Hartana, Muhaimin Rifa’I, Yoga Dwi Jatmiko
Karbala International Journal of Modern Science
Infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV) disease causes mass mortality and decreased shrimp production. The RdRp region projects to the interior, where it may function in transcription. The focus of this study was to determine the effect of amino acid polymorphisms from several countries on the structure of RdRp and identify the potential of watercress in inhibiting IMNV by targeting the RdRp protein of IMNV through an in silico approach. The results showed that the structure of the IMNV RdRp protein from Indonesia was similar to Mexico, and the protein structure from India_QDN was identical to India_QIL. Ligand binding affinity values showed …
Impact Of Toll-Like Receptor 10 Mutations On Tuberculosis Infections,
2024
University of San Francisco
Impact Of Toll-Like Receptor 10 Mutations On Tuberculosis Infections, Adriana Nicole Rafael, Sangman Kim
Master's Theses
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), is a leading global health crisis causing millions of cases and deaths each year. Though it affects individuals of any race, ethnicity, or cultural group, research shows the disease disproportionately affects individuals with Asian ancestry. Immunity to M. tb starts with its recognition by pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which are key players in immune responses. TLR-10, an understudied toll-like receptor due to its inability to be studied through mouse models, is thought to play a key role in the clearance of inflammatory diseases. SNP I775V, …
Antibiotic-Induced Changes In Efflux Transporter Expression: A Key Factor In Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Biofilm Resistance,
2024
Touro University College of Pharmacy
Antibiotic-Induced Changes In Efflux Transporter Expression: A Key Factor In Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Biofilm Resistance, Zara Imtiaz, Avinash Chatoo, Will Wang, Weiqi Li, Paramita Basu
Touro College of Pharmacy (New York) Publications and Research
Listed by WHO as an antibiotic-resistant priority pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P.A.) is a serious threat in nosocomial infections. Its high antibiotic resistance is attributed to major mechanisms that can be categorized into intrinsic, acquired, and adaptive resistance. This study tests the ability of three commonly used antibiotics to inhibit new biofilm formation and eradicate mature biofilm growth, as well as investigate changes in the expression levels of selected genes coding for multidrug efflux pumps in P.A. planktonic cells and biofilms before and after treatment with antibiotics to provide a conceptual estimate of the activity of the efflux transporters that work to …
Delivering Crispr To The Hiv-1 Reservoirs,
2024
Thomas Jefferson University
Delivering Crispr To The Hiv-1 Reservoirs, Theodore Gurrola, Samuel Effah, Ilker Sariyer, Will Dampier, Michael Nonnemacher, Brian Wigdahl
Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is well known as one of the most complex and difficult viral infections to cure. The difficulty in developing curative strategies arises in large part from the development of latent viral reservoirs (LVRs) within anatomical and cellular compartments of a host. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/ CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system shows remarkable potential for the inactivation and/or elimination of integrated proviral DNA within host cells, however, delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9 system to infected cells is still a challenge. In this review, the main factors impacting delivery, the challenges for delivery …
Biogeographic Patterns In Phyllosphere Bacterial Communities On Southern Magnolia Trees In A Small Town,
2024
University of Mississippi
Biogeographic Patterns In Phyllosphere Bacterial Communities On Southern Magnolia Trees In A Small Town, Elizabeth M. Eckard, Venkat K. Kota, Kurre T. Luber
Honors Theses
The phyllosphere, consisting of aerial plant surfaces colonized by microorganisms, remains a relatively understudied ecosystem in terms of bacterial biogeography, particularly at intermediate spatial scales. This study characterized the bacterial community on the leaves of 89 Magnolia grandiflora trees throughout a small town, encompassing an area of approximately 60 km2. Sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene revealed the dominant bacterial phyla to be Alphaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Acidobacteria, consistent with other studies of the phyllosphere. Unlike other studies over smaller spatial scales, there was no significant relationship between phyllosphere community similarity and distance between trees (i.e., trees further …
Characterization Of A Novel Metalloid Reductase Outer Membrane Porin Rara From Sulfurospirillum Barnesii Ses-3,
2024
Duquesne University
Characterization Of A Novel Metalloid Reductase Outer Membrane Porin Rara From Sulfurospirillum Barnesii Ses-3, Narthana Jeganathar Kanmanii
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sulfurospirillum barnesii SES-3 is a gram-negative epsilon proteobacterium that grows anaerobically by coupling the oxidation of lactate to the reduction of arsenate. Previous work on metal and metalloid metabolism in S. barnesii had identified a redox active protein, designated RarA that when provided an artificial electron donor (i.e., reduced methyl viologen, FMN, or NADH), could reduce a variety of substrates, including arsenate, selenate, selenite, nitrite, and even phosphate. The enzyme’s inferred amino acid sequence showed weak similarity (30%) to outer membrane porins with homologs found in only certain species of Sulfurospirillum. Further, the enzyme did not contain cysteine residues …
