Characterization Of Intracellular Interactions Between Dengue Virus And Host Proteins,
2012
Wayne State University
Characterization Of Intracellular Interactions Between Dengue Virus And Host Proteins, Dumrong Mairiang
Wayne State University Dissertations
Dengue virus is the causative agent of dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. About two-fifths of world population live in areas where dengue is prevalent, leading to high levels of morbidity and mortality in many areas. Currently there are no vaccines or effective treatments. The virus is transmitted from one person to another by the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. The genome of dengue virus encodes only ten proteins implying that the virus needs to interact with and utilize several host proteins for replication. In this project, I used high-throughput yeast two-hybrid screening to identify mosquito and …
Virus Capsids As Nanoscale Delivery Vessels Of Photoactive Compounds For Site-Specific Photodynamic Therapy,
2012
University at Albany, State University of New York
Virus Capsids As Nanoscale Delivery Vessels Of Photoactive Compounds For Site-Specific Photodynamic Therapy, Brian Alexander Cohen
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The research presented in this work details the use of a viral capsid as an addressable delivery vessel of photoactive compounds for use in photodynamic therapy. Photodynamic therapy is a treatment that involves the interaction of light with a photosensitizing molecule to create singlet oxygen, a reactive oxygen species. Overproduction of singlet oxygen in cells can cause oxidative damage leading to cytotoxicity and eventually cell death. Challenges with the current generation of FDA-approved photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy primarily stem from their lack of tissue specificity. This work describes the packaging of photoactive cationic porphyrins inside the MS2 bacteriophage capsid, followed …
Intra And Interhost Dynamics Shaping Arbovirus Adaptation And Evolution,
2012
University at Albany, State University of New York
Intra And Interhost Dynamics Shaping Arbovirus Adaptation And Evolution, Alexander T. Ciota
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), which are predominately mosquito-borne and almost exclusively RNA viruses, are maintained in nature in complex transmission cycles involving blood sucking invertebrates and vertebrate hosts. Although over 120 arboviruses are human pathogens responsible for causing a significant and expanding global health burden, a detailed understanding of the complex interactions between these pathogens and their hosts, particularly invertebrate hosts, is lacking. Defining these interactions is necessary if we are to understand the selective pressures and, therefore, evolutionary, adaptive, and epidemiological potential of arboviruses. This requires experimental infection and evolution studies, particularly in vivo, with natural hosts. The results presented …
Dynamics Of Envelope Evolution In Clade C Shiv-Infected
Pig-Tailed Macaques During Disease Progression
Analyzed By Ultra-Deep Pyrosequencing,
2012
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Dynamics Of Envelope Evolution In Clade C Shiv-Infected Pig-Tailed Macaques During Disease Progression Analyzed By Ultra-Deep Pyrosequencing, For Yue Tso, Damien C. Tully, Sandra Gonzalez, Christopher Quince, On Ho, Patricia Polacino, Ruth M. Ruprecht, Shiu-Lok Hu, Charles Wood
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Understanding the evolution of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope during disease progression can provide tremendous insights for vaccine development, and simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) infection of nonhuman primate provides an ideal platform for such studies. A newly developed clade C SHIV, SHIV-1157ipd3N4, which was able to infect rhesus macaques, closely resembled primary HIV-1 in transmission and pathogenesis, was used to infect several pig-tailed macaques. One of the infected animals subsequently progressed to AIDS, whereas one remained a nonprogressor. The viral envelope evolution in the infected animals during disease progression was analyzed by a bioinformatics approach using ultra-deep …
Coxsackievirus B3 Infection Leads To The Generation Of Cardiac Myosin Heavy Chain-Α-Reactive Cd4 T Cells In A/J Mice,
2012
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Coxsackievirus B3 Infection Leads To The Generation Of Cardiac Myosin Heavy Chain-Α-Reactive Cd4 T Cells In A/J Mice, Arunakumar Gangaplara, Chandirasegaran Massilamany, Deborah M. Brown, Gustavo A. Delhon, Asit K. Pattnaik, Nora Chapman, Noel Rose, David J. Steffen, Jay Reddy
Jay Reddy Publications
Enteroviruses like coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) are common suspects in myocarditis/dilated cardiomyopathy patients. Autoimmunity has been proposed as an underlying mechanism, but direct evidence of its role is lacking. To delineate autoimmune response in CVB3 myocarditis, we used IAk dextramers for cardiac myosin heavy chain (Myhc)-α 334–352. We have demonstrated that myocarditis-susceptible A/J mice infected with CVB3 generate Myhc-α-reactive CD4 T cells and such a repertoire was absent in naïve mice as measured by proliferative response to Myhc-α 334–352 and IAk dextramer staining. We also detected Myhc-α 334–352 dextramer+ cells in the hearts of CVB3-infected mice. The autoreactive …
Protection Of The Female Reproductive Tract In The Prevention Of Hiv,
2012
University of Central Florida
Protection Of The Female Reproductive Tract In The Prevention Of Hiv, Camila Diaz
HIM 1990-2015
Worldwide, more than half of all HIV-infected individuals are women. Since mucosal surfaces are the primary gateway for HIV entry, maintaining the integrity of the female reproductive tract (FRT) is essential for preventing infection. The FRT employs many immune mechanisms that serve as the first line of defense against HIV transmission. Among these are vaginal fluid secretions rich in antimicrobial peptides, and commensal bacteria that colonize the vagina and prevent infections. We sought to study vaginal fluid as an innate immune component of the FRT in the prevention of HIV infection. Additionally, we investigated the anti-HIV microbicide candidate RC-101 as …
Physiological Relevance Of A Trna-Dependent Mechanism For Membrane Modification In Enterococcus Faecium,
2012
University of Central Florida
Physiological Relevance Of A Trna-Dependent Mechanism For Membrane Modification In Enterococcus Faecium, Jesse Harrison
HIM 1990-2015
Enterococci were once thought to be harmless, commensal organisms that colonize the gastrointestinal tract of humans and other mammals. In the last 30 years, however, concern has grown in the clinical setting over two particular species, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, which are frequently found to be the etiologic agents of nosocomial infections. Aminoacyl-phosphatidylglycerol synthases (aaPGSs) are integral membrane proteins that add amino acids to phosphatidylglycerol (PG) in the cellular envelope of bacteria. Addition of amino acids to PG confers resistance to various therapeutic antimicrobial agents, and contributes to evasion of the host immune response in a number of clinically …
Why Do We Collect?,
2012
University of South Carolina - Columbia
Why Do We Collect?, Allison Marsh
Section 2: Imaging the Microscopic
No abstract provided.
Spotlight On Usc: A.C. Moore Herbarium,
2012
University of South Carolina - Columbia
Spotlight On Usc: A.C. Moore Herbarium, Allison Marsh
Section 2: Imaging the Microscopic
No abstract provided.
Imaging And Aesthetics,
2012
University of South Carolina - Columbia
Imaging And Aesthetics, Allison Marsh
Section 2: Imaging the Microscopic
No abstract provided.
Listen,
2012
University of South Carolina - Columbia
Spotlight On Usc: Mechanical Engineering,
2012
University of South Carolina - Columbia
Spotlight On Usc: Mechanical Engineering, Allison Marsh
Section 3: Imaging the Fast Moving
No abstract provided.
Photographic Evidence,
2012
University of South Carolina - Columbia
Photographic Evidence, Allison Marsh
Section 3: Imaging the Fast Moving
No abstract provided.
Influencing Art,
2012
University of South Carolina - Columbia
Influencing Art, Allison Marsh
Section 3: Imaging the Fast Moving
No abstract provided.
Control And Passive Treatment Of Runoff From Horse Muck Storage Structures Using Rain Gardens,
2012
University of Kentucky
Control And Passive Treatment Of Runoff From Horse Muck Storage Structures Using Rain Gardens, Hillary K. Otte
Theses and Dissertations--Forestry and Natural Resources
Runoff from livestock operations may contain a variety of pathogens and high levels of nutrients and other harmful contaminants, and is of particular concern in central Kentucky as watersheds are threatened by waste generated from a high concentration of equine activity. Rain gardens are a type of stormwater management tool used to capture and passively treat runoff. This project aimed to incorporate rain gardens into the horse muck storage structures at a thoroughbred facility in the Canr Run watershed in Lexington, Kentucky. Water quality data from soil water within two rain garden muck pads and two control pads, and grab …
Identification Of Factors That Promote The Growth Of Dormant Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis,
2012
Minnesota State University, Mankato
Identification Of Factors That Promote The Growth Of Dormant Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis, Thu Minh Cao
All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects
Johne's disease, which is caused by the acid-fast bacterium Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Mpt), is a chronic, inflammatory intestinal disease that primarily affects ruminants. This disease has a significant effect on the economics of dairy farming. Mpt has a remarkable ability to survive in host tissues for 2-6 years without producing any signs of infection. However, the reliability of diagnostic techniques is limited only to those animals with clinical disease. This may be due to the entry of the organism into a dormant state, which has been reported for other mycobacteria. Reversion to the actively growing state (resuscitation) would improve …
Extending The Shelf-Life Of Tomato Using By-Product From Cheese Indistry.,
2012
Technological University Dublin
Extending The Shelf-Life Of Tomato Using By-Product From Cheese Indistry., Lubna Ahmed, Ana Belen Martin-Diana, Daniel Rico, Catherine Barry-Ryan
Articles
The effects of three whey permeates were investigated as potential natural washing treatment for fresh-cut tomato and compared with chlorine (120 ppm). Whey permeate treated samples resulted in equivalent or better than chlorine for all these attributes. Whey permeates were equally effective as chlorine to control the micro-organisms of fresh-cut tomato during storage. The microbial counts at day 10 were significantly reduced (~1.0 log CFU/g) in all the treated samples compared to the control (water treated) samples. Moreover whey permeate treated fresh-cut tomatoes showed lower water activity (2 %) and POD activities (21%) than chlorinated samples after 10 days of …
Editorial: Predicative Modelling Of Food Quality And Safety Special Issue,
2012
University College Dublin
Editorial: Predicative Modelling Of Food Quality And Safety Special Issue, Vasilis Valdramidis, Jesus Maria Frias
Articles
No abstract provided.
Development And Validation Of A Novel Reporter Assay For Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Late Gene Expression,
2012
Technological University Dublin
Development And Validation Of A Novel Reporter Assay For Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Late Gene Expression, Beatrice Orru, Ciaran Cunniffe, Fergus Ryan, Stefan Schwartz
Articles
To facilitate the investigations of HPV-16 late gene expression HPV-16 reporter plasmids were generated using previously described sub-genomic HPV-16 plasmids, named pBEL and pBELM, that, similar to the full viral genome, produce primarily HPV-16 early mRNAs and very little, if any, late mRNAs in cervical cancer cells. The HPV-16 late L1 gene was replaced by the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene, or green fluorescent protein (GFP), preceded by the poliovirus internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Results show that the reporter genes mimic the expression of L1 from these plasmids. For example, overexpression of adenovirus E4orf4 protein (E4orf4), polypyrimidine tract binding …
Capturing Motion,
2012
University of South Carolina - Columbia
Capturing Motion, Allison Marsh
Section 3: Imaging the Fast Moving
No abstract provided.
