Phou Localization In Escherichia Coli,
2013
Brigham Young University
Phou Localization In Escherichia Coli, Austin Callison, Dr. William R. Mccleary
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Just as simpler systems are studied to better understand more complex systems, E. coli has long been a standard for biological experiments aimed at a more complete comprehension of the mechanisms that propitiate cell life. One of these vital mechanisms in E. coli is the uptake of phosphate (Pi) in varying levels of environmental phosphorous. Pi is a key element involved in cell membranes, DNA, RNA, and metabolism in E. coli. This uptake is accomplished by the cooperation of the PstSCAB2, PhoU, PhoR and PhoB proteins in phosphate poor environments1. PhoU acts as a negative regulator of the Pho operon …
Development Of Humanized Mice As A Model For The Study Of Neuro-Aids,
2013
Brigham Young University
Development Of Humanized Mice As A Model For The Study Of Neuro-Aids, German Cuadra, Dr. Bradford Berges
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Our main goal of this project was to document the existence of human macrophages in the brain of humanized mice. After the accomplishment of this goal, we planned to infect humanized mice with HIV and find out if these human macrophages support infection in mouse brain tissue. We hypothesize that humanized mice will have human macrophages engrafted in the brain and that these cells will become infected with HIV via normal pathways after introduction of virus via other routes, as in humans. By identifying these cells in humanized mice, we plan to develop a mechanism to study the relationship between …
A Nuclear Variant Of Gdf5 May Present Novel Insights On Arthritis Formation,
2013
Brigham Young University
A Nuclear Variant Of Gdf5 May Present Novel Insights On Arthritis Formation, Michael Baldwin, Dr. Laura Bridgewater
Journal of Undergraduate Research
More than 40 million Americans suffer from the pains of arthritis. Arthritis is characterized by joint inflammation and cartilage deterioration (3). For many years growth differentiation factor 5 (Gdf5) has been associated with cartilage formation and maintenance (4, 1). GDF5 has been traditionally regarded as a secreted growth factor; however, a new variant of Gdf5 was recently discovered in the nucleus. Nuclear Gdf5 (nGdf5) may present a new mechanism by which Gdf5 regulates cartilage development and preservation.
Determining The Effect Of Toll-Like Receptor-7 On Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Development,
2013
Brigham Young University
Determining The Effect Of Toll-Like Receptor-7 On Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Development, Douglas Baumann, Dr. Brian Poole
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Lupus) is an autoimmune disease that afflicts over 250,000 citizens of the United States. Although much remains to be learned about Lupus, the information gathered so far has proven to be extremely valuable in increasing survival rates and improving the quality of life of Lupus patients. As we continue to put time and energy into Lupus research, the result will be that we will be able to combat the disease more effectively. The first step in combating Lupus is to gain knowledge about the pathogenesis and mechanisms of the disease. By further developing our knowledge, we will …
Respon Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat Dan Bakteri Penambat Nitrogen Di Pembibitan Awal (Pre Nursery),
2013
Jurusan Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran
Respon Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat Dan Bakteri Penambat Nitrogen Di Pembibitan Awal (Pre Nursery), Intan Ratna Dewi Anjarsari, Mochamad Arief Soleh, Erni Suminar
Jurnal Kultivasi
The objective of this experiment was to study response of oil palm seedlings in prenursery to Phosfat solubilizing bacteria and nitogen fixaxing bacteria. This experiment was conducted at experimental field, Jatinangor, KabupatenSumedang from April until October 2012. Experimental field located at altitude 753 m above sea level with rainfall C type according to the classification of Schmidt and Fergusson. Experimental design was the simple pattern of Randomized Design Group (RDG), consisting of twelve treatment and repeated three times. The treatment were Without inoculation; Azotobacter 20 mL/plant; BPF 20 mL/plant; 10 mL/plant BPF + 10 ml/plant Azotobacter; 10mL/plant BPF + 15 …
Pertumbuhan Bibit Batang Bawah Karet (Hevea Brasiliensis (Willd.) Mull.-Arg.) Klon Pr 261 Yang Diberi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (Fma) Dan Pupuk Fosfat,
2013
Departemen Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran
Pertumbuhan Bibit Batang Bawah Karet (Hevea Brasiliensis (Willd.) Mull.-Arg.) Klon Pr 261 Yang Diberi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (Fma) Dan Pupuk Fosfat, Cucu Suherman, Ari Wahyudi
Jurnal Kultivasi
This Research aims to determine the effect of interaction between the dosage AMF and dosage of P fertilizer on growth of rootstock seedling of rubber Clone PR 261. The experiments started in April until August 2009 at Cikumpay Plantation, PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VIII, Purwakarta, West Java, with altitude ± 70 m above sea level. Randomize Block Design (RBD) with factorial pattern used in this experiment, consisted of two treatment factors and repeated three times. The first factor was the dosage of AMF, consisted of four dosages level, without AMF, 10 g/seedling, 15 g/seedling and 20 g/seedling. The second factor was …
Life Support: Long Term Storage Of Solid Waste In An Enclosed Membrane System,
2013
California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
Life Support: Long Term Storage Of Solid Waste In An Enclosed Membrane System, Emmy O. Trieu, Michael Flynn, Rocco Mancinelli
STAR Program Research Presentations
In deep space missions, maintaining life support is of the utmost priority. In such a closed system, human waste must be stored and treated. Simulated feces (ersatz) will be inoculated with microbes representing normal fecal flora, mixed with urine brine and shredded refuse of products typically used in space missions. Composting methods often use alternating layers of waste with scraps of carboniferous materials (finely shredded refuse). By preparing membrane bags with a homogenized ersatz and carboniferous refuse mixture and membrane bags with alternating layers of ersatz and carboniferous refuse, it may be possible to monitor anaerobic thermophillic digestion of the …
Testing Compounds As Sole Carbon Sources Of Strains Isolated From The Hot Lake Phototrophic Mat,
2013
PNNL
Testing Compounds As Sole Carbon Sources Of Strains Isolated From The Hot Lake Phototrophic Mat, Lyzbeth Becerra, Stephen Lindemann
STAR Program Research Presentations
Hot Lake is a meromictic, epsomitic lake. It has a phototrophic microbial mat that reassembles every year. The mat community is subjected to large fluctuations of salinity and solar irradiance. PNNL is interested in studying how these communities respond to the fluctuating environment conditions. To date, 70 isolates have been obtained from Hot Lake with the intention of characterizing their physiology to gain a better understanding of how they are naturally functioning in the Hot Lake mat community. I tested eight of these isolates in media designed to mimic the chemistry of Hot Lake with a selection of sugars, amino …
Characterization Of Bacillus Bacterial Strains; Optimum Growth Temperature, Proteolytic And Lipolytic Activity,
2013
Cal Poly
Characterization Of Bacillus Bacterial Strains; Optimum Growth Temperature, Proteolytic And Lipolytic Activity, Jamie Anne Boring
STAR Program Research Presentations
Characterization of Bacillus bacterial strains is an important step in identifying and removing biofilms contaminating processing equipment. These biofilms lead to large amounts of spores in the final product. Strains that produce spoilage enzymes cause off-flavors, structural defects and reduced shelf life of milk products. Using four treatments, we determined the best growth protocol for each strain to use in future experiments. Treatment 1: 80 o C heat shock and 32 o C 24hr incubation, Treatment 2: 80o C/ 55 o C, Treatment 3: 100 o C/ 32 o C, Treatment 4: 100 o C/ 55 o C. Our …
Defining The Requirements For Early Gene Expression In Bacteriophage Hk639,
2013
Western Kentucky University
Defining The Requirements For Early Gene Expression In Bacteriophage Hk639, Amanda L. Seaton
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Lambdoid phages suppress transcription termination to fully express their genes. Antitermination of early gene expression in most lambdoid phages is mediated by an interaction between the N protein and a number of host-encoded factors. Bacteriophage HK022 does not rely on a protein for antitermination. To promote full expression of early phage genes, the transcripts of the HK022 put sites interact directly with RNA polymerase to convert it to a termination resistant form. Bacteriophage HK639 also uses RNA-mediated antitermination. However, it only possesses a single put-like element in its left operon. Because most lambdoid phages, including HK022, have antiterminator elements in …
Single Step Synthesis Of Antibiotic Kanamycin Embedded Gold Nanoparticles For Efficient Antibacterial Activity,
2013
Western Kentucky University
Single Step Synthesis Of Antibiotic Kanamycin Embedded Gold Nanoparticles For Efficient Antibacterial Activity, Shravan Gavva
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Nanotechnology has become the most advanced type of drug delivery system within the last decade. This advancement shifted the focus on small carriers to increase the efficiency of the drugs. Among these, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were found to have profound biomedical applications. In current research, kanamycin embedded GNPs were prepared in a single step, single phase, and bio-friendly (green synthesis) procedure. The synthesized Kanamycin-GNPs (Kan-GNPs) were spherical in shape and had a size range of 15 ± 3 nm. The chosen kanamycin is an aminoglycosidic antibiotic that is isolated from Streptomyces kanamyceticus. These special antibiotic GNPs are further characterized using …
Evidence For Sigma Factor Competition In The Regulation Of Alginate Production By Pseudomonas Aeruginosa,
2013
Marshall University
Evidence For Sigma Factor Competition In The Regulation Of Alginate Production By Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Yeshi Yin, T. Ryan Withers, Xin Wang, Hongwei D. Yu
Biochemistry and Microbiology
Alginate overproduction, or mucoidy, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa lung infection in cystic fibrosis (CF). Mucoid strains with mucA mutations predominantly populate in chronically-infected patients. However, the mucoid strains can revert to nonmucoidy in vitro through suppressor mutations. We screened a mariner transposon library using CF149, a non-mucoid clinical isolate with a misssense mutation in algU(AlgUA61V). The wild type AlgU is a stress-related sigma factor that activates transcription of alginate biosynthesis. Three mucoid mutants were identified with transposon insertions that caused 1) an overexpression of AlgUA61V, 2) an overexpression of …
Illuminating The Dark Side--Vitamin D Status In Different Localities Of Karachi,
2013
Aga Khan University
Illuminating The Dark Side--Vitamin D Status In Different Localities Of Karachi, Romaina Iqbal, Lena Jafri, Ali Haroon, Aysha Habib Khan
Department of Medicine
This study was conducted to determine the association between place of residence (grouped into neighbourhoods), and 25-hydroxy D (25[OH]D) levels of individuals of Karachi. Addresses of 4788 individuals tested for 25[OH]D at the clinical laboratory of the Aga Khan University (AKU), Karachi, from January 2007 to June 2008 were reviewed. The neighbourhoods were categorized into ten, based on locality attributes. A high overall prevalence (74%) of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) was observed. There was a significant difference (p-value < 0.01) between mean log 25[OH]D levels amongst neighbourhoods grouped according to distinct housing structure attributes and localities. A high frequency of VDD in all the studied localities of an urban city warrant dietary vitamin D supplementation and food fortification.
Mesoaciditoga Lauensis Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov., A Moderate Thermoacidophilic Thermotogales From A Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent,
2013
Portland State University
Mesoaciditoga Lauensis Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov., A Moderate Thermoacidophilic Thermotogales From A Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent, Anna-Louise Reysenbach, Yitai Liu, Annie R. Lindgren, Issac D. Wagner, Christine Demko Sislak, Anchelique Mets, Stefan Schouten
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
A novel moderately thermophilic, heterotrophic bacterium was isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent deposit from the Mariner field along the Eastern Lau Spreading Center, Southwestern Pacific. Cells were short motile rods (about 0.4 μm-0.8 μm) that occurred singly or in pairs and were surrounded by a sheath-like membrane or ‘toga’. The cells grew between 45 and 65°C (optimum 57-60°C), pH 4.1-6.0 (optimum pH 5.5-5.7) and optimally at 3% (w/v) NaCl. The isolate grew on a range of carbon and proteinaceous substrates and reduced sulfur. The G + C content of the DNA was about 45 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the …
The Effects Of Growth Hormone And Thyroxine Treatment On The Insulin Signaling Of Female Ames Dwarf Mouse Skeletal Muscle Tissue,
2013
University of Central Florida
The Effects Of Growth Hormone And Thyroxine Treatment On The Insulin Signaling Of Female Ames Dwarf Mouse Skeletal Muscle Tissue, Andrew Do
HIM 1990-2015
Ames dwarf (df/df) mice are deficient in anterior pituitary hormones: growth hormone (GH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and prolactin (PRL) due to a spontaneous, homozygous mutation of prop1[superscript df] gene. These dwarf mice exhibit characteristics such as delayed growth and development coupled with delayed aging, increased lifespan, overall increased insulin sensitivity, as well as resistance to certain diseases and cancers. The mutant mice possess low blood glucose, low serum insulin, and lower body temperature. Their enhanced longevity (about 40-60% longer lifespan than normal mice) is associated with their GH deficiency and disruption in the somatotropic axis (GH/IGF-1 hormonal pathway) as …
Recurrent Modification Of A Conserved Cis-Regulatory Element Underlies Fruit Fly Pigmentation Diversity,
2013
University of Dayton
Recurrent Modification Of A Conserved Cis-Regulatory Element Underlies Fruit Fly Pigmentation Diversity, William A. Rogers, Joseph R. Salomone, David J. Tacy, Eric M. Camino, Kristen A. Davis, Mark Rebeiz, Thomas M. Williams
Biology Faculty Publications
The development of morphological traits occurs through the collective action of networks of genes connected at the level of gene expression. As any node in a network may be a target of evolutionary change, the recurrent targeting of the same node would indicate that the path of evolution is biased for the relevant trait and network. Although examples of parallel evolution have implicated recurrent modification of the same gene and cis-regulatory element (CRE), little is known about the mutational and molecular paths of parallel CRE evolution. InDrosophila melanogaster fruit flies, the Bric-à-brac (Bab) transcription factors control the development …
Molecular Detection Of Tick-Borne Pathogens Associated With Ixodid Tick Species Infesting Migratory Songbirds And Ruminants,
2013
University of Southern Mississippi
Molecular Detection Of Tick-Borne Pathogens Associated With Ixodid Tick Species Infesting Migratory Songbirds And Ruminants, Nabanita Mukherjee
Master's Theses
Ticks are hematophagous arthropods and capable of inoculating various infectious agents to their vertebrate hosts. Ticks attached to birds and ruminants are capable of carrying tick-transmitted microorganisms. In our study, the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens was examined in ticks infesting migratory songbirds and Pakistani ruminants. During spring migration seasons, ticks were removed from northward-migrating songbirds in Louisiana and identified as Amblyomma Jongirostre, Amblyomma nodosum, Amb/yomma ca/caratum, Amblyomma maculatum, and Haemaphysalis species, all are considered as Neotropical ticks. Ticks removed from ruminants were identified as Hya/omma anatolicum, Hyalomma dromedarii, Rhipicephalus microplus, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus. A total of 112 and 72 bacterial …
Characterizing The Persistence Of Sewage Enterococci In Mississippi Coastal Waters,
2013
University of Southern Mississippi
Characterizing The Persistence Of Sewage Enterococci In Mississippi Coastal Waters, Kimberly Anne-Marie Lewis
Master's Theses
Enterococci are microbiological indicators of marine recreation water quality.
Their reliability as fecal indicators is questioned as they are shown to persist in the environment. Multiple laboratory studies on their persistence have been done but few under natural environmental conditions. The purpose of this study was to investigate how long sewage enterococci and enterococcal DNA persist in beach water and to determine whether there is a difference in the genetic diversity and hardiness of sewage vs. environmental isolates. To study persistence, sewage was diluted with beach water, placed in microcosms, and deployed at a beach site in Longbeach and Pass …
Illuminating The Dark Side-Vitamin D Status In Different Localities Of Karachi,
2013
Aga Khan University
Illuminating The Dark Side-Vitamin D Status In Different Localities Of Karachi, Romaina Iqbal, Lena Jafri, Ali Haroon, Aysha Habib Khan
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
This study was conducted to determine the association between place of residence (grouped into neighbourhoods), and 25-hydroxy D (25[OH]D) levels of individuals of Karachi. Addresses of 4788 individuals tested for 25[OH]D at the clinical laboratory of the Aga Khan University (AKU), Karachi, from January 2007 to June 2008 were reviewed. The neighbourhoods were categorized into ten, based on locality attributes. A high overall prevalence (74%) of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) was observed. There was a significant difference (p-value < 0.01) between mean log 25[OH]D levels amongst neighbourhoods grouped according to distinct housing structure attributes and localities. A high frequency of VDD in all the studied localities of an urban city warrant dietary vitamin D supplementation and food fortification.
Population Genetics And Drug Resistance Markers: An Essential For Malaria Surveillance In Pakistan,
2013
Aga Khan University
Population Genetics And Drug Resistance Markers: An Essential For Malaria Surveillance In Pakistan, Afsheen Raza, Mohammad Asim Beg
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Plasmodium (P.) vivax is the prevalent malarial species accounting for 70% of malaria cases in Pakistan. However, baseline epidemiological data on P. vivax population structure and drug resistance are lacking from Pakistan. For population structure studies, molecular genetic markers, circumsporozoite protein (csp) and merozoite surface protein-1 (msp-1) are considered useful as these play an important role in P. vivax survival under immune and environmental pressure. Furthermore, these genes have also been identified as suitable candidates for vaccine development. While efforts for effective vaccine are underway, anti-malarial agents remain the mainstay for control. Evidence of resistance against commonly used anti-malarial agents, …
