Food Science Commons^™

Assessment Of Grain Safety In Developing Nations, Jose R. Mendoza

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Grains are the most widely consumed foods worldwide, with maize (Zea mays) being frequently consumed in developing countries where it feeds approximately 900 million people under the poverty line of 2 USD per day. While grain handling practices are acceptable in most developed nations, many developing nations still face challenges such as inadequate field management, drying, and storage. Faulty grain handling along with unavoidably humid climates result in recurrent fungal growth and spoilage, which compromises both the end-quality and safety of the harvest. This becomes particularly problematic where there is little awareness about health risks associated with poor …

The Gut Bacterium Extibacter Muris Produces Secondary Bile Acids And Influences Liver Physiology In Gnotobiotic Mice, Theresa Streidl, Isabel Karkossa, Rafael R. Segura Munoz, Claudia Eberl, Alex Zaufel, Johannes Plagge, Robert Schmaltz, Kristin Schubert, Marijana Basic, Kai Markus Schneider, Mamdouh Afify, Christian Trautwein, Rene Tolba, Barbel Stecher, Heidi L. Doden, Jason M. Ridlon, Josef Ecker, Tarek Moustafa, Martin Von Bergen, Amanda Ramer-Tait, Thomas Clavel

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Extibacter muris is a newly described mouse gut bacterium which metabolizes cholic acid (CA) to deoxycholic acid (DCA) via 7α-dehydroxylation. Although bile acids influence metabolic and inflammatory responses, few in vivo models exist for studying their metabolism and impact on the host. Mice were colonized from birth with the simplified community Oligo-MM¹² with or without E. muris. As the metabolism of bile acids is known to affect lipid homeostasis, mice were fed either a low- or high-fat diet for eight weeks before sampling and analyses targeting the gut and liver. Multiple Oligo-MM¹² strains were capable of deconjugating …

Color-Induced Aroma Illusion: Color Cues Can Modulate Consumer Perception, Acceptance, And Emotional Responses Toward Cooked Rice, Shady Afrin Jeesan, Han-Seok Seo

Food Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Since rice is often cooked in many countries with different types of ingredients or seasonings, the surface colors of traditional rice meal items vary across cultural backgrounds. This study aimed to determine whether consumer perception, acceptance, willingness to eat, and emotional responses toward cooked rice samples could differ with their surface color cues. Milled rice was cooked with one of three food colorants: yellow, orange, and green, with milled (white) and un-milled (brown) rice cooked without colorants used as respective test and filler samples. Using a check-all-that-apply method, 98 rice consumers checked all aroma attributes they perceived by sniffing each …

Optimizing Immersive Technology Condition For Measuring Consumer Perception And Acceptance Of Food Products, Shady Afrin Jeesan

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Rapid advancement of immersive technologies is paving the way toward a new era in sensory and consumer science by enabling consumers to experience tasting of food samples in different environments, thus generating more realistic perception. However, little attention has been paid to developing a standardized and optimized methodology for conducting such sensory testing in an immersive environment. A variety of factors related to sensory testing in an immersive environment may significantly modulate consumer perception and acceptance of foods. Therefore, this thesis study aimed to optimize protocols related to sensory testing using immersive technology. In this thesis study, participants were asked …

Antioxidant Properties And Anti-Cancer Effects Of Polyphenols In Sweetpotato Leaves, Josue Bolanos

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Although the root is widely consumed, sweetpotato leaves (SPL) are often discarded and are only consumed in a few countries. In the United States, SPL consumption is limited to private gardens, particularly in the Southeastern United States. Not only are SPL a good source of nutrients such as vitamins and minerals, but they also contain polyphenol compounds including the caffeoylquinic acid derivatives and carotenoids such as lutein. Several studies have shown the polyphenol contents and antioxidant capacities of SPL, which vary based on year and variety, while few studies have shown anti-colon cancer effects of SPL. Therefore, this study investigated …

An Impedimetric Aptasensing System For The Rapid Detection Of Salmonella Typhimurium, America Sotero

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Salmonella Typhimurium is a foodborne pathogen associated with raw and undercooked eggs, poultry, beef, fruits, and vegetables. In the United States, Salmonella is responsible for approximately 1.2 million illnesses, 23,000 hospitalizations, and 450 deaths annually. For many years, conventional detection methods such as culture-dependent and PCR-based methods have been the “golden standards” for the detection of this pathogen due to their high sensitivity and reliability. However, they still have some disadvantages such as long enrichment steps and high costs that need to be overcome. The development of a rapid and reliable method for the detection of S. Typhimurium is needed …

Development Of Novel Pectinase And Xylanase Juice Clarification Enzymes Via A Combined Biorefinery And Immobilization Approach, Shady Hassan

Doctoral

Hydrolytic enzymes, such as pectinase and xylanase, maybe harnessed for numerous industrial applications in food industry. Therefore, economic factors such as achievement of optimum yieldsandoverall production costs, in addition to biocatalyst instability,are the main obstacles tothe industrial production and exploitation of a enzymes. For example, microbially-derived enzymes are typically produced in fermenters using expensive growth media, which may account for 30 to 40% of the production cost, and such expense may be compounded further by downstream processing operations.To counter such disadvantages, the major trend in industrial utilization of enzymes in cost-sensitive processes has been to immobilize such biocatalysts on a …

Journal Of Education, Humanities And Sciences, Volume 9 No. 2, 2020: 107–113 © Dar Es Salaam University College Of Education (Duce), 2020 Fatty Acids Composition Of Adansonia Digitata (Baobab) Seed Oil From Tanzania, James T. Zacharia

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Samples of baobab fruits from which oils were extracted were collected from Sandawi and Chamwino villages in Dodoma region, Tanzania. The oil was extracted from the kernel powders using n-hexane and the extracts were derivatized to fatty acid methyl esters, and then subjected to GC and GC-MS analyses for fatty acids content. The physiochemical properties of the oil indicated that baobab seed oil is suitable for soap-making and other cosmetics. The combined GC and GC-MS results showed the existence of eight fatty acids, namely: palmitic acid (22.02%), palmitoleic acid (1.87%), tariric acid (7.08%), elaidic acid (41.29%), oleic acid (35.72%), linoleic …

Regression-Derived Ileal Endogenous Amino Acid Losses In Broiler Chickens And Cannulated Pigs Fed Corn Fiber, Wheat Bran, And Pectin, Sunday A. Adedokun, Olayiwola Adeola

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

The objective of these studies was to determine the effect corn fiber (CF), wheat bran (WB) and pectin (PEC) on basal ileal endogenous amino acid (EAA) losses in broiler chickens (Exp. 1) and cannulated pigs (Exp. 2) using the regression method. Semi-purified diets containing 100 g/kg of CF, WB, or PEC (broiler chickens) and CF or PEC (pigs) were fed to replicate cages consisting of eight birds per cage of 21-d-old broiler chickens and six replicates of pigs consisting of one pig per pen. Ileal endogenous His, Glu, and Pro losses were higher (p < 0.05) for CF and WB compared with birds fed diets containing PEC. Contrasts between CF and WB showed higher (p < 0.05) ileal endogenous nitrogen, total amino acid, His, Ile, Met, Glu, Pro, and Tyr losses in birds fed the CF diets (Exp. 1). Contrasts of EAA losses between birds fed the WB and PEC diets showed higher (p < 0.05) losses for His, Glu, and Pro. In the cannulated pigs, CF resulted in higher (p < 0.05) ileal endogenous His, Leu, and Tyr losses. In summary, CF induced higher ileal EAA losses in broiler chickens and cannulated pigs.

An Agent-Based Simulator For The Gastrointestinal Pathway Of Listeria Monocytogenes, Ashrafur Rahman, Ali Asgary, Daniel Munther, Aamir Fazil, Ben A. Smith, Jianhong Wu

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

We developed an agent-based gastric simulator for a human host to illustrate the within host survival mechanisms of Listeria monocytogenes. The simulator incorporates the gastric physiology and digestion processes that are critical for pathogen survival in the stomach. Mathematical formulations for the pH dynamics, stomach emptying time, and survival probability in the presence of gastric acid are integrated in the simulator to evaluate the portion of ingested bacteria that survives in the stomach and reaches the small intestine. The parameters are estimated using in vitro data relevant to the human stomach and L. monocytogenes. The simulator predicts that 5%–29% of …

Point-Of-Decision Prompts Increase Dietary Fiber Content Of Consumers’ Food Choices In An Online Grocery Shopping Simulation, Kristina Arslain, Christopher Gustafson, Devin J. Rose

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Only 5% of Americans consume the recommended amount of dietary fiber. In an online simulated shopping experiment, we examined whether a fiber-focused point-of-decision prompt (PDP) would influence consumers to choose food products that were higher in this important nutrient. We hypothesized that participants exposed to the dietary fiber PDP would choose products with more dietary fiber/serving than those who were not exposed to the PDP. The experiment was completed by 753 participants. Participants were randomly assigned to a condition in which they were not exposed to a PDP (the no-PDP condition), a personalized PDP, or PDP without personalization. Choices in …

Dynamic Between Biomass, Ph And Acid Lactic By Microorganisms In Fermentation Of Fresh Milk, Emmanuel Rodriguez, Aurelio Castillo, Paul A. Valle, Yolocuauhtli Salazar

Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research

No abstract provided.

Bovine Liver Supplement Labeling Practices And Compliance With U.S. Regulations, Anthony J. Silva, Olive J. Dahm, Rosalee S. Hellberg

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

Bovine liver supplements are sought after by consumers due to their nutrient-dense profile and high protein content. However, there is a lack of information regarding bovine liver supplement labeling practices. The objective of this study was to assess labeling practices and compliance with U.S. regulatory standards among commercially sold bovine liver supplements. The product labels for 49 bovine liver supplements were examined for required information, including a statement of identity; net quantity of contents; “Supplement Facts” label; ingredient statement; and name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or distributor with domestic address or telephone number. Any claims made on …

Economic Contribution Of Agriculture And Food To Arkansas' Gross Domestic Product 1997-2019, Leah English, Jennie Popp, Wayne Miller

AAES Research Reports and Research Bulletins

Agricultural production, processing, and retail industries are major contributors to Arkansas’ GDP. Agriculture contributes to the state economy through direct agricultural production, value-added processing, and agricultural retail activities. The Agriculture and Food Sector, which is comprised of agricultural production, processing, and retail industries, promotes economic strength through various interactions with other industries. The use of non-agricultural goods and services as inputs into the agricultural sector promotes diversified growth in Arkansas’ economy and thus plays a vital role in maintaining economic stability throughout the state. This report 1) compares the relative size of the Agriculture and Food Sector in Arkansas with …

Monitorimi I Salmonelles Tek Mishi I Pulës Nga Importi, Teutë Bekteshi

Theses and Dissertations

Mishi i pulës është një nga ushqimet kryesore në Republikën e Kosovës. Mikroorganizmat patogjen (Salmonella) shumë lehtë mund të kontaminojnë dhe ri kontaminojnë mishin e pulës nëse nuk zbatohen të gjitha masat e sigurisë gjatë gjithë zinxhirit ushqimor. Në këtë studim është përzgjedhur për tu hulumtuar një mikroorganizma që ka patogjenitet të lartë (Salmonella), nëse ky bakter gjenden në ushqim atëherë shkalla e rrezikshmërisë është e lartë sepse patogjeniteti, për rrjedhojë dëmtojnë konsumatorin dhe prodhuesin, importuesin duke humbur besimin e konsumatorit. Mostrat janë marrë në periudha të ndryshme kohore dhe fatkeqësisht në njërën nga monstrat në …

Pikat Kritike Të Kontrollit Gjatë Procesit Të Prodhimit Tek Djath Të Fortë, Agnesa Hyseni

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Nutraceutikët Dhe Ushqimet Funksionale, Elsaida Ibrahimi

Theses and Dissertations

Fraza "Le të jetë ushqimi ilaç dhe ilaçi të jetë ushqim", e krijuar nga Hipokrati mbi 2500 vjet më parë, po merr shumë interes sot ndërsa shkencëtarët dhe konsumatorët i kuptojnë përfitimet e shumta shëndetësore të disa ushqimeve. Këto ushqime përmbajnë përbërës që ndihmojnë në funksionin specifik të trupit dhe përmirësojnë shëndetin dhe mirëqenien tonë. Konsumatorët janë gjithnjë e më të interesuar për përfitimet shëndetësore të ushqimeve dhe kanë filluar të shikojnë përtej përfitimeve themelore të ushqimit. Interesimi i tyre drejtohet tek komponimet që gjenden në shumë ushqime të cilat parandalojnë sëmundjet dhe përmirësojnë shëndetin. Ushqimet funksionale dhe nutraceutikët japin …

Assessing The Quantification Of Soy Protein In Incurred Matrices Using Targeted Lc-Ms/Ms, Jenna Krager

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Soy-derived ingredients are commonly added as auxiliary components to a diverse range of food products. The versatile end-applications of commercially processed soy ingredients is concerning for the safety of allergic consumers. Immunological detection of soy proteins in food matrices has some drawbacks, including loss of epitope binding and matrix masking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess naturally incurred matrices with an existing liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) workflow to determine the recovery of total soy protein.

The existing LC-MS/MS workflow was time intensive. The peptide responses of five soy protein targets were compared between two dilution methods …

Identification And Characterization Of Edible Cricket Peptides On Hypertensive And Glycemic In Vitro Inhibition And Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity On Raw 264.7 Macrophage Cells, Felicia Hall, Lavanya Reddivari, Andrea M. Liceaga

Department of Food Science Faculty Publications

Recent studies continue to demonstrate the potential of edible insects as a protein base to obtain bioactive peptides applicable for functional food development. This study aimed at identifying antihypertensive, anti-glycemic, and anti-inflammatory peptides derived from the in vitro gastrointestinal digests of cricket protein hydrolysates. After sequential fractionation, the protein digest subfraction containing the lowest molecular weight (<0.5 kDa), hydrophobic (C18) and cationic peptides (IEX) was found responsible for the most bioactivity. The cationic peptide fraction significantly reduced (p < 0.05) α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity in vitro, and also inhibited the expression of NF-κB in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. A total of 28 peptides were identified with mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) and de novo sequencing from the potent fraction. Three novel peptides YKPRP, PHGAP, and VGPPQ were chosen for the molecular docking studies. PHGAP and VGPPQ exhibited a higher degree of non-covalent interactions with the enzyme active site residues and binding energies comparable to captopril. Results from this study demonstrate the bioactive potential of edible cricket peptides, especially as ACE inhibitors.

Chemical Effects Of Cold Atmospheric Plasma On Food Nutrients, Juan Manuel Pérez Andrés

Doctoral

A range of nonthermal techniques have demonstrated process efficacy in ensuring food product safety, extension of shelf-life and in general a retention of key quality attributes. However, various physical, chemical and biochemical effects of nonthermal techniques on both macro and micronutrients are evident, leading to both desirable and undesirable changes in food products. It is important to outline the effects of non-thermal techniques on food chemistry and the associated degradation mechanisms with the treatment of foods. Oxidation is one of the key mechanisms responsible for undesirable effects induced by non-thermal techniques. Degradation of key macromolecules largely depends on the processing …