Animal Sciences Commons^™

Water Sources And Livelihood Choices Among Pastoralist Households In Monduli District, Tanzania, Fredrick Alleni Mfinanga, Jacqueline Temba, Monica F. Timbuka

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper investigates the association between types of water sources for livestock and livelihood choices of pastoralist households in semi-arid areas of Monduli District, Tanzania. Specifically, it aims to examine the influence of the types of water sources for livestock on livelihood diversification of pastoralist households. Using a mixed research methods approach, the data were collected from 367 households through three methods: surveys, interviews, and focus group discussions. The quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies and counts, and inferential statistics, Chi-square tests and correlation, while the qualitative data were analysed using content analysis. The findings revealed …

Tiger Shark (Galeocerdo Cuvier) Jaw, Nicholas D. Burchett, Jade Mells, David W. Kerstetter

All Scans: Kerstetter Fisheries and Avian Ecology 3D Scan Series

No abstract provided.

Blue Shark (Prionace Glauca) Jaw, Nicholas D. Burchett, David W. Kerstetter

All Scans: Kerstetter Fisheries and Avian Ecology 3D Scan Series

No abstract provided.

Spatiotemporal Patterns Of Occupancy By Pygmy Rabbits (Sylvilagus Idahoensis), Kevin A. Royal, Brock R. Mcmillan, Kimberly A. Hersey, Steven L. Petersen, Randy T. Larsen

Student Works

The pygmy rabbit (Sylvilagus idahoensis) is a species of conservation concern that has declined due to fragmentation and loss of essential habitat, primarily sagebrush-steppe. Pygmy rabbits are currently under review for listing under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA) and consequently require a clearer understanding of current distribution and patterns of occurrence in big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) habitats. From 2024 to 2025, we surveyed for pygmy rabbits using remote cameras at several historically occupied sites in Utah, USA, to understand patterns of activity and occupancy. We also compared current estimates of occupancy to historical data collected approximately 20 years ago. …

The Wildlife Intelligence For Aviation Safety (Wild-Ai), Bao Khoa Tran

Student Research Symposium (SRS)

Wildlife strikes pose a significant safety risk and economic burden to the aviation industry. Over 291,000 strikes have been reported in the U.S. since 1990, causing an estimated $248 million in annual losses. The Wild-AI (Wildlife Intelligence for Aviation Safety) project leverages cutting-edge technologies, including large language models (LLMs), machine learning (ML), explainable AI (XAI), and Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAV) imagery, to enhance wildlife hazard management at airports. Wild-AI transforms traditional Wildlife Hazard Assessments (WHAs) by integrating advanced data analytics and UAV monitoring. By utilizing historical wildlife-strike data and ML algorithms, we will identify key predictors of damaging strikes, such …

Habitat And Conditions Of Poisoning Of Toxic Plants In North America, Michael H. Ralphs

Poisonous Plant Research (PPR)

This paper presents a list of important poisonous plants in North America that are toxic to both livestock and humans. The aim of this paper is to present information to help reduce the risk of poisoning. The paper emphasizes the particular plant communities in which these plants grow. Some of these plants are endemic, growing on specific soils or specific ecological sites. Others are distributed more broadly throughout a vegetation type. A few of the plants are widespread, ranging over several broad ecosystems. In diagnosing poisoning, it is important to know what plants are expected to grow in the communities …

Species Sorting And Spatial Effects In Hyporheic Invertebrate Functional Groups, Benjamin T. Hutchins, Zoey B. Chanin, Kathryn E. Perez, Peter H. Diaz, Benjamin F. Schwartz

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences Faculty Publications

Invertebrate communities in the hyporheic zone are structured by metacommunity processes including environmental filtering and spatial effects (e.g., dispersal). We investigated how these processes differentially influence two functional groups: groundwater-obligate invertebrates (stygobionts) and benthic insects. We predicted that environmental filtering would dominate for insects, while spatial effects would prevail for stygobionts. We collected 76 samples from 28 hyporheic sites along 109 km of the Rio Grande, Texas, USA, enumerating 54,508 individuals across 80 taxa. Concordance analysis and RDA revealed two communities: one dominated by insects, and another by crustaceans and soft-bodied organisms, including all stygobionts. In linear models, insect richness …

Improvements To Fisheries Compensation Processes And Valuation Methodologies In Western Australia, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Fisheries Published Reports

This report has been prepared by the Compensation Working Group (WG) to provide advice to the Minister for Fisheries on improving Western Australia’s (WA) fisheries compensation processes under two key legislative frameworks:

• Fisheries adjustment schemes, under the Fisheries Adjustment Scheme Act 1987
• (FAS Act), and 
• Statutory compensation under Fishing and Related Industries Compensation (Marine Reserves) Act 1997 (FRICMA).

This work has been undertaken as a precursor to the larger scale adjustment and compensation processes that will be required as part of the implementation of several marine parks throughout the Kimberley and South Coast of WA.

Fisheries Occasional Publication No. 150 - Response To 2024 External Review Of Integrated Stock Assessments For Key Wa Demersal Indicator Stocks, Rubie Evans-Powell, S. A. Hesp, Ainslie Denham, Emily A. Fisher, Rachel Marks, Fabian I. Trinnie, Brett Crisafulli

Fisheries Occasional Publications

In Western Australia (WA), stock assessments for key demersal species, including snapper and red emperor, have traditionally used bespoke integrated models developed in-house by the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (DPIRD). In line with other Australian jurisdictions, DPIRD is transitioning to Stock Synthesis (SS) as its primary platform for integrated stock assessments of WA finfish. To support this transition, DPIRD commissioned an independent expert review of recent integrated models applied to three demersal stocks. This publication responds to recommendations from Professor André Punt (University of Washington and CSIRO) in his 2024 review, which examined assessments for Pilbara red …

Beta-Casomorphin7 Detection In Milk From Dairy Species And Beta-Casein Protein Characterization In Cattle From Selected Provinces In The Philippines, Angelo M. Tapia, Maria Cynthia R. Oliveros, Queennie Hope D. Umipon, Hazel Marie E. Nicolas, Naoya Ogawa, Yasuyuki Kitaura

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

This study was conducted to detect β-casomorphin7 (BCM7) in dairy animals and to characterize the β-casein (CSN2) genotype among dairy cattle breeds in the Philippines. A total of 59 dairy animals, composed of 35 cattle (12 Holstein Sahiwal [HS16 Jersey × Holstein Friesian [JHF], and 7 Siquijor Native Cattle [SNC]), 15 buffaloes (Bulgarian Murrah and Brazilian Murrah), and 9 goats (Saanen and Anglo-Nubian) were collected with milk samples. Milk protein was extracted and subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) analysis after stimulated gastrointestinal digestion. BCM7 was detected in cattle with an average concentration of 0.322 + 0.080, whereas …

Beta-Casomorphin7 Detection In Milk From Dairy Species And Beta-Casein Protein Characterization In Cattle From Selected Provinces In The Philippines, Angelo M. Tapia, Cynthia R. Oliveros Maria, Queennie Hope D. Umipon, Hazel Marie E. Nicolas, Naoya Ogawa, Yasuyuki Kitaura

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

This study was conducted to detect β-casomorphin7 (BCM7) in dairy animals and to characterize the β-casein (CSN2) genotype among dairy cattle breeds in the Philippines. A total of 59 dairy animals, composed of 35 cattle (12 Holstein Sahiwal [HS16 Jersey × Holstein Friesian [JHF], and 7 Siquijor Native Cattle [SNC]), 15 buffaloes (Bulgarian Murrah and Brazilian Murrah), and 9 goats (Saanen and Anglo-Nubian) were collected with milk samples. Milk protein was extracted and subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) analysis after stimulated gastrointestinal digestion. BCM7 was detected in cattle with an average concentration of 0.322 + 0.080, whereas …

Trophic Structure And Mercury Bioaccumulation In Walleye And Yellow Perch In The Upper And Lower Red Lake Basins, Marissa Pribyl

Biology Graduate Theses

Mercury is a persistent global contaminant that biomagnifies through aquatic food webs, with dietary and environmental factors serving as the primary drivers of accumulation in fishes. Trophic structure and methylmercury dynamics in Walleye (ogaa; Sander vitreus) and Yellow Perch (asaawens; Perca flavescens) were investigated in the Upper and Lower Red Lake basins in Red Lake, Minnesota, during 2024-2025. Diets of Walleye and Yellow Perch were assessed through stomach dissections, and tissue samples from both species were analyzed for total mercury concentrations. Additional analyses included shiners (gigoozens; Notropis spp., Hudsonius spp.) along with a variety of freshwater fish and …

Evaluation Of The Posterior Segment Of The Dromedary Camel’S Eye Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (Sd-Oct), Amine Berghiche, Djallal Eddine Rahmoun, Nassiba Reghaissia, Allaoua Chaouki Bentazir, Mohamed Kamal Merai Abdel Maksoud

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The dromedary camel possesses unique ocular adaptations enabling survival in harsh desert environments. This study aimed to characterize the posterior segment of the dromedary camel’s eye using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and fundus photography. Fourteen healthy adult camels were sedated and imaged. High-resolution OCT images enabled clear visualization and measurement of the retina, choroid, and sclera. The retina exhibited well-defined layers, including the retinal pigment epithelium, photoreceptor layer, plexiform layers, and nerve fiber layer. Mean thicknesses of the retina, choroid, and sclera were 267 ± 2.54 μm, 299 ± 3.15 μm, and 155 ± 2.74 μm in the right …

Atlantic Sharpnose (Rhizoprionodon Terraenovae) Chondocranium, Morgan Indyk, Sarah Hendricks, David W. Kerstetter

All Scans: Kerstetter Fisheries and Avian Ecology 3D Scan Series

No abstract provided.

A Revision Of The Psammophilic Genus Liobuthus Birula, 1898 (Scorpiones: Buthidae), With A Description Of Four New Species From Central Asia, Victor Fet, František Kovařík, Graeme Lowe, Matthew R. Graham

Euscorpius

The rare Central Asian psammophilic scorpion genus, Liobuthus Birula, 1898 (Scorpiones: Buthidae), is revised. Five species are delineated according to results from three species delimitation approaches using mitochondrial DNA. Results are supported by diagnostic morphology, including an assessment of the distinctive neobothriotaxy. The type species, L. kessleri Birula, 1898, is confirmed for Iran (northeast), Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan (south). Four new species are described: L. atamuradovi sp. n. (Turkmenistan),  L. danovi sp. n. (Kazakhstan, northern Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), L. shukurovi sp. n. (southwestern Tajikistan), and L. vachoni sp. n. (southern Kazakhstan), The unique additive neobothriotaxy (on both pedipalp femur and patella) …

Exploring Molecular And Morphological Diversity Of Ostracoda: A Combined Approach Based On Coi Sequences And Morphological Characters, Serdar Di̇nç, Serap Mutun, Okan Külköylüoğlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Ostracods are diminutive aquatic invertebrates with a broad geographical distribution  across a diverse range of aquatic habitats, including lentic and lotic freshwater  environments as well as marine waters. Due to their sensitivity to environmental  changes, ostracods are valuable tools in biodiversity monitoring, providing a link to  past, present, and future ecological conditions. Despite the significance of classical  taxonomic studies in species identification, molecular approaches remain  underutilized in ostracod research, representing an area of potential growth for  advancing our understanding of this diverse group. Thus, molecular studies in  ostracods have the potential to greatly enhance our understanding of morphology,  ecological variation …

Spatial And Temporal Variability Of Mayfly Communities (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) In Mountainous And Semimountainous Rivers Of The Western Aegean Basin, Biljana Rimcheska, Yanka Vidinova

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Mayflies are among the most abundant benthic invertebrates inhabiting natural lotic  freshwater systems. Their assemblages vary with environmental, geographical, and  hydrological conditions along altitudinal gradients and under different types of  watershed disturbance. The main objective of this study was to analyze the  composition and β-diversity of mayflies across three river watersheds and to assess  how these assemblages differ among them. We collected biological and  environmental data from 38 sampling sites distributed across the three river  watersheds. We hypothesized that mayfly assemblages would vary with  environmental gradients on both spatial and temporal scales; specifically, we  expected pristine streams to exhibit higher …

Towards The Assessment Of E-Flows: A Fish-Based Approach For The Tiber River Basin (Central Italy), Antonella Carosi, Francesca Lorenzoni, Fatemeh Zarei, Rachele Brustenga, Lucio Di Matteo, Daniela Valigi, Corrado Cencetti, Carlo Cardellini, Stefano Casadei, David Cappelletti, Massimo Lorenzoni

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Estimating ecological flows (EFs) in rivers is crucial for meeting the Water Framework  Directive (WFD) 2000/60/EC goals. To develop an EF model, it is  essential to use biological indicators to reliably record the impacts of human-induced  alterations on aquatic ecosystems. The adaptability of fish to annual flow variability  makes them a significant biological quality element (BQE). Consequently, using fish  as bioindicators is a powerful tool for assessing the impact of changes in the  hydrological regime on the natural communities within a river system. The new index  of the ecological status of fish communities (NISECI) is a methodology developed in  Italy …

Chlorella Vulgaris Measurements Using Full-Spectrum Goniometer For Optically Complex Inland Water Monitoring, Pinar Gürbüzer, Uğur Murat Leloğlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Rising environmental stressors, including climate change, nutrient loading, pollution,  and anthropogenic impacts, have made the continuous monitoring of lake water  quality increasingly essential. While in situ methods offer high precision, satellite-based remote sensing is essential for capturing large-scale, long-term changes and  accessing remote or extreme environments. To complement these approaches, we  developed a cost-effective in situ optical measurement system specifically designed  for optically complex inland waters. T he instrument enables detailed optical  characterization across scattering angles from 0° to 160° and wavelengths between  423 and 728 nm, covering both visible and near-infrared regions. Initial validation was  performed using monocultures of …

Could Gene Editing Increase Chicken Resistance To Avian Influenza?, Alta Crane

Research on Capitol Hill

Avian Influenza is a viral infection that causes outbreaks of "bird flu," greatly affecting avian health. Influenza A virus (IAV) relies on various host factors for efficient replication. Previous studies in human cells have identified four genes as critical host factors required for IAV infection. To investigate whether similar host– virus interactions exist in avian species, we utilized gene editing systems to generate knockout fibroblast cell lines targeting those four genes and then applied these techniques to germ cells.