Body Condition Score And Plane Of Nutrition Prepartum Affect Adipose Tissue Transcriptome Regulators Of Metabolism And Inflammation In Grazing Dairy Cows During The Transition Period,
2016
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Body Condition Score And Plane Of Nutrition Prepartum Affect Adipose Tissue Transcriptome Regulators Of Metabolism And Inflammation In Grazing Dairy Cows During The Transition Period, M. Vailati-Riboni, M. Kanwal, O. Bulgari, S. Meier, N. V. Priest, C. R. Burke, J. K. Kay, S. Mcdougall, M. D. Mitchell, C. G. Walker, M. Crookenden, A. Heiser, J. R. Roche, J. J. Loor
Physiology Collection
Recent studies demonstrating a higher incidence of metabolic disorders after calving have challenged the management practice of increasing dietary energy density during the last ~3 wk prepartum. Despite our knowledge at the whole-animal level, the tissue-level mechanisms that are altered in response to feeding management prepartum remain unclear. Our hypothesis was that prepartum body condition score (BCS), in combination with feeding management, plays a central role in the peripartum changes associated with energy balance and inflammatory state. Twenty-eight mid-lactation grazing dairy cows of mixed age and breed were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups in a 2 × …
Dairy Digest 2016,
2016
South Dakota State University
Dairy Digest 2016, South Dakota State University Dairy Club
Dairy Digest
No abstract provided.
An Investigation Of The Use Of Natural Agents To Control Mycobacteria,
2016
Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Ireland.
An Investigation Of The Use Of Natural Agents To Control Mycobacteria, Olga Lesniak
Theses
Economic losses that are caused by Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP) infections represent a major obstacle for farmers and also for the dairy industry. In order to control the population of MAP, alternative control agents must be investigated. One of the studies described in this thesis focused on using a bacteriophage therapy based approach to assess its efficacy on simulated industrial environments and food models. Another study described in this thesis investigated the antimicrobial effects of parsley and garlic on a range of mycobacteria species. Both studies used conventional microbiological methods such as plaque assays, AlamarBlue assay (MABA) and growth curves, …
Development And Validation Of Gas Chromatographic Methods For Free Fatty Acid Determination In Dairy Products,
2016
Department of Physical Science, Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Ireland.
Development And Validation Of Gas Chromatographic Methods For Free Fatty Acid Determination In Dairy Products, David Mannion
Theses
Quantification of free fatty acids (FFA) in dairy products by gas chromatography flame ion'^ation detection is an important requirement for qua'ity, research, nutritional, authenticity and legislative purposes. Common procedures are typically variants of either the fatty acid methyl esterification (FAME) or direct on-column injection methods developed more than two decades ago. This study involved the development of an alternative novel derivatization method using butylation, incorporating automation, reducing solvent usage that is applicable for a wide range of dairy products. The accuracy, precision, linearity, limits of detection and limits of quantification of all three methods were assessed for the quantification of …
Manufacture, Concentration, And Functionality Of Micellar Casein Concentrate,
2016
South Dakota State University
Manufacture, Concentration, And Functionality Of Micellar Casein Concentrate, Dustin Grossbier
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This research has been structured into 3 major parts. The first part evaluates a centrifugal evaporator to concentrate micellar casein concentrate (MCC). The second part evaluates a wiped film evaporator (WFE) to concentrate MCC. The third part evaluates heat stability of the high concentration MCC produced by WFE. In part 1, the primary objective was to achieve >25% total solids (TS) without a loss of water removal rate associated with high solids materials. This is of importance, industrially, as this could reduce processing costs or eliminate drying all together. The major finding was that it did not offer any benefits …
Three Overlooked Issues: Water Quality, Forage Quality, And Forage Blends Impacting The Feed Efficiency Of Dairy Cows,
2016
South Dakota State University
Three Overlooked Issues: Water Quality, Forage Quality, And Forage Blends Impacting The Feed Efficiency Of Dairy Cows, Ishwary Prasad Acharya
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The overall objectives of the six studies were to increase the feed efficiency in lactating dairy cows. The first study evaluated the efficacy of different water sources and treatment systems on ruminal parameters using an in vitro gas production system. Outcomes of the study suggested that the source and nutrient quality of water can affect rate of ruminal fermentation. Thus, use of real farm water being offered to the cow to conduct in vitro gas production measurements may accurately predict the ruminal fermentation, digestibility and total gas production. The second study evaluated two recently developed leafy-floury corn silage hybrids against …
An Evaluation Of Feeding A Blend Of Essential Oils And Cobalt Lactate To Lactating Dairy Cows,
2016
South Dakota State University
An Evaluation Of Feeding A Blend Of Essential Oils And Cobalt Lactate To Lactating Dairy Cows, Olivia Jayne Kuester
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this study was to determine if the inclusion of a blend of essential oils and cobalt lactate (EOC) in the diet of lactating dairy cows could result in improved nutrient utilization and lactational performance in addition to assessing the application of EOC to control feed mycotoxins and spoilage. The trial was conducted in two experimental periods (Phase 1 (P1) and Phase 2 (P2)) on a commercial dairy in southwest Minnesota equipped with two robotic milking units. Phases 1 and 2 were cross over design trials with two pens. Cows were housed in two freestall pens (57 ± …
Improving Feed Efficiency Through Forage Strategies For Increasing Dairy Profitability And Sustainability,
2016
South Dakota State University
Improving Feed Efficiency Through Forage Strategies For Increasing Dairy Profitability And Sustainability, Jon Patrick Pretz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Three studies were conducted to determine production parameters and study specific hypothesis in regard to improving feed efficiency through various forage utilization strategies with or without the inclusion of various supplemented products. The first study evaluated the supplementation of a cobalt-lactate product and its effects on fiber digestibility and milk production parameters when fed to cows consuming a 70% forage diet. Treatments included: 1) CONTROL diet containing 12.5 mg/cow/d of cobalt (carbonate carbonate) and 2) TEST diet being the same basal diet but including an additional 50 mg/cow/d of cobalt via a 1% Co-lactate product (Co-Max®). In a feeding trial …
Effects Of Bran Treatment On Rheology And Sensory Quality Of Whole Wheat Flat Bread,
2016
South Dakota State University
Effects Of Bran Treatment On Rheology And Sensory Quality Of Whole Wheat Flat Bread, Jigyasha Mishra
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research was to study the differences in the quality of 100% whole wheat flour (WWF) when the bran fraction was subjected to mild solvent treatment before reconstitution with the endosperm. The bran treatments included water washing and washing with ethanol solutions (50% and 100%). WWF prepared with untreated bran served as the control. Effects of these treatments on particle size, chemical composition, color, dough rheology, product formulation, and sensory characteristics of 100% whole wheat flour were studied. Grains of five HRSW cultivars (Advance, Prevail, Select, Brick and Forefront) were milled using a Quadrumat Senior mill. Gluten …
Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization, And Metabolic Profile Of Dairy Heifers Fed Diets High In Distillers Grains With Different Forage To Concentrate Ratios,
2016
South Dakota State University
Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization, And Metabolic Profile Of Dairy Heifers Fed Diets High In Distillers Grains With Different Forage To Concentrate Ratios, Angela Kristia Manthey
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of limit-feeding heifers distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) with varying forage to concentrate ratios. The effects on growth, feed efficiency, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, metabolic profile and onset of puberty, as well as post trial performance were investigated. First, a 16-wk feeding trial was conducted using 48 Holstein heifers to evaluate effects of dietary treatment on dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), growth performance, rumen fermentation, and nutrient digestibility. Treatments were 1) 30% DDGS, with the diet fed at 2.65% of body weight (BW) (30DG), 2) 40% DDGS, with the …
An Evaluation Of Rumen Modifiers For Lactational Performance And Nutrient Digestibility By Cows,
2016
South Dakota State University
An Evaluation Of Rumen Modifiers For Lactational Performance And Nutrient Digestibility By Cows, Prakash Poudel
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Three studies were conducted to evaluate a commercial blend of essential oils, active dried yeast product and cobalt lactate on production performance, rumen fermentation and nutrient digestibility by cows by using in vivo and in vitro methods. The first study evaluated the lactational performance and nutrient digestibility of lactating Holstein dairy cows fed two commercial supplements: 1) a propriety blend of essential oils and Cobalt lactate (EOC) (Stay Strong, Ralco, Inc., Marshall, MN) and 2) active dried yeast (ADY) (Omnigen AF, Prince Agri Products, Inc., Quincy, IL). The 12-week experiment demonstrated no differences in milk production, milk composition, and feed …
Role Of Exopolymeric Substances In Biofilm Formation On Dairy Separation Membranes,
2016
South Dakota State University
Role Of Exopolymeric Substances In Biofilm Formation On Dairy Separation Membranes, Nuria Garcia-Fernandez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In the concentration of cheese whey by membrane filtration processes, fouling is a major limiting factor that leads to flux decline and affects product quality. The growth of biofilms on membranes contributes to biofouling. Biofilms are very difficult to eliminate, and will serve as the seed for additional biofilm development and product contamination. The biofilm matrix is composed mainly of microbial exopolymeric substances (EPS), and therefore EPS is thought to help bacteria to adhere and form biofilms by acting as a cementing agent. The first research project under this study was conducted with the aim of elucidating the role of …
Study Of The Effect Of Feeding Highly Digestible Corn Based Calf Starter On The Growth Performance Of Calves,
2016
South Dakota State University
Study Of The Effect Of Feeding Highly Digestible Corn Based Calf Starter On The Growth Performance Of Calves, Shruti Srivastava
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
New corn hybrids have been developed by Masters Choice (MC) that vary in energy density and starch digestibility. These MC hybrids have lower starch densities due to an altered starch structure, which allows for greater ruminal and intestinal starch digestion. The altered starch structure of these new hybrids results in reduced feed manufacturing costs (i.e., grinding). Thirty (30) 1 to 3 d old (40.6 ± 1.72 kg) Holstein heifer calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 calf starters to measure growth performance of Holstein heifer calves through 8 weeks of age. Treatments were: 1) Hard starch (HS) corn calf …
Inactivation Of Thermodynamic Sporeformers And Spores In Skim Milk By Continuous Ultrasonication And Hydrodynamic Cavitation In Combination With Thermal Treatments,
2016
South Dakota State University
Inactivation Of Thermodynamic Sporeformers And Spores In Skim Milk By Continuous Ultrasonication And Hydrodynamic Cavitation In Combination With Thermal Treatments, Dikshi Bawa
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Studies were conducted to determine the effectiveness of ultrasonication and hydrodynamic cavitation, in a continuous mode, alone and in combination with thermal treatments, on heat resistant aerobic sporeformers and spores in skim milk, and skim milk concentrate. The first study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of a continuous ultrasonication process to reduce thermoduric Bacillus coagulans cells in skim milk. A 25% reduction was obtained by lab pasteurization alone, whereas ultrasonication alone resulted in an inactivation of 92% after 12 passes (80 sec exposure time per pass). Ultrasonication when combined with pasteurization resulted in further increased inactivation to 99.98%. It …
Impact Of New Processing Technologies On The Physical And Functional Properties Of Skim Milk And Skim Milk Concentrate,
2016
South Dakota State University
Impact Of New Processing Technologies On The Physical And Functional Properties Of Skim Milk And Skim Milk Concentrate, Harsh Dahiya
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
United States is one of the largest producer of cow’s milk in the world and a substantial portion of this milk is converted into dried milk products, a category that is becoming increasingly important to the dairy industry. The processing treatments on skim milk and skim milk concentrate affect the functionality of resultant powders made from them, therefore processing treatments are crucial to modify physical and functional properties of skim milk, skim milk concentrates and the powders made from them. The objective of this research was to explore impact of new processing technologies hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) and carbon dioxide (CO2) …
Evaluation Of Essential Oils (Stay Strong) For Dairy Calves,
2016
South Dakota State University
Evaluation Of Essential Oils (Stay Strong) For Dairy Calves, Kelly Ann Froehlich
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Stay Strong (SS, Ralco Inc., Marshall, MN) is a blend of essential oils (EO) and prebiotic fiber technologies designed to promote immunity and stimulate appetite, helping to diminish health challenges and stresses experienced by newborn calves. Current feeding inclusion rates are unknown to achieve optimal performance in the first 8 weeks of life. The study objectives were to determine the optimal feeding inclusion rate of SS when added to milk replacer (MR) to achieve optimal performance when compared to a yeast cell wall (YCW). One hundred Holstein calves were blocked by birth date and randomly assigned to 1 of 5 …
Effect Of Direct-Fed Microbials And Enzyme Supplementation In Prepartum Holstein Cows On Colostrum And Calf Immunity,
2016
University of New Hampshire, Durham
Effect Of Direct-Fed Microbials And Enzyme Supplementation In Prepartum Holstein Cows On Colostrum And Calf Immunity, Erin M. Shangraw
Honors Theses and Capstones
In cows, colostrum is composed of several antibodies and nutrients to provide immunity and energy to the calf. Feeding calves high quality colostrum has been shown to improve calf health, leading to reduced mortality in calves and greater milk production in cows. The addition of direct-fed microbials (DFM) to cow diets has been theorized to improve feed efficiency and milk production, with studies showing mixed results. However, few experiments have studied the effect of feeding DFM on colostrum quality. In this experiment two treatments were given, 1) DFM and 2) DFM and enzymes (DFME). Colostrum was …
Incorporating Machine Vision In Precision Dairy Farming Technologies,
2016
University of Kentucky
Incorporating Machine Vision In Precision Dairy Farming Technologies, Anthony N. Shelley
Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering
The inclusion of precision dairy farming technologies in dairy operations is an area of increasing research and industry direction. Machine vision based systems are suitable for the dairy environment as they do not inhibit workflow, are capable of continuous operation, and can be fully automated. The research of this dissertation developed and tested 3 machine vision based precision dairy farming technologies tailored to the latest generation of RGB+D cameras. The first system focused on testing various imaging approaches for the potential use of machine vision for automated dairy cow feed intake monitoring. The second system focused on monitoring the gradual …
Monitoring Yogurt Culture Fermentation And Predicting Fermentation Endpoint With Fluorescence Spectroscopy,
2016
University of Kentucky
Monitoring Yogurt Culture Fermentation And Predicting Fermentation Endpoint With Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Timothey P. Mains, Frederick Alan Payne, Michael P. Sama
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications
Determination of the endpoint of yogurt culture fermentation is a process parameter that could benefit from automation. The feasibility of using a fluorescence sensor technology based on 280 nm excitation and 350 nm emission to predict the endpoint of yogurt culture fermentation was investigated and compared with the endpoint prediction from a near-infrared (880 nm) light backscatter sensor. Yogurt cultures with three levels of milk solids (8%, 10%, and 12%) and three temperatures (40°C, 43°C, and 46°C) were tested with three replications in a 3 x 3 factorial design (n = 27). Prediction models were developed for each optical measurement …
Culturally Speaking: Of Rotary Phones And Dairy Foods,
2015
California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
Culturally Speaking: Of Rotary Phones And Dairy Foods, Phillip Tong
Dairy Science
No abstract provided.
