Agriculture Commons^™

Selecting Strawberry Cultivars For Winter Greenhouse Production, Ellen T. Paparozzi, Stacy A. Adams, George E. Meyer, M. Elizabeth Conley, Vicki L. Schlegel, Erin E. Blankenship, Paul E. Read

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Costs of transportation and food safety concerns have spawned an increase in public support of locally grown vegetables and fruit. With this in mind, a two-phase investigation was planned with the goal of combining low start up costs for sustainable greenhouse production with selection of strawberry cultivars that would provide the greatest number and largest size of berries. Additionally, berries from each cultivar will be analyzed for their beneficial nutraceutical properties to determine if there is a difference among cultivars.

Fine Mapping The Soybean Aphid Resistance Gene Rag1 In Soybean, Ki-Seung Kim, Stephanie Bellendir, Karen A. Hudson, Curtis B. Hill, Glen L. Hartman, D. L. Hyten, Matthew E. Hudson, Brian W. Diers

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) is an important soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] pest in North America. The dominant aphid resistance gene Rag1 was previously mapped from the cultivar ‘Dowling’ to a 12 cM marker interval on soybean chromosome 7 (formerly linkage group M). The development of additional genetic markers mapping closer to Rag1 was needed to accurately position the gene to improve the effectiveness of markerassisted selection (MAS) and to eventually clone it. The objectives of this study were to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near Rag1 and to position these SNPs relative to Rag1. …

A High Density Integrated Genetic Linkage Map Of Soybean And The Development Of A 1536 Universal Soy Linkage Panel For Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping, D. L. Hyten, Ik-Young Choi, Qijian Song, James E. Specht, Thomas E. Carter Jr., Randy C. Shoemaker, Eun-Young Hwang, Lakshmi K. Matukumalli, P. B. Cregan

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the marker of choice for many researchers due to their abundance and the high-throughput methods available for their multiplex analysis. Only recently have SNP markers been available to researchers in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] with the release of the third version of the consensus genetic linkage map that added 1141 SNP markers to the map. Our objectives were to add 2500 additional SNP markers to the soybean integrated map and select a set of 1536 SNPs to create a universal linkage panel for high-throughput soybean quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping. The GoldenGate assay …

Crop Registration: The Pathway To Public Access Of Plant Genetic Materials To Build Crops For The Future, D. D. Ellis, K. A. Garland-Campbell, J. A. Grotenhuis, M. M. Jenderek, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Starting in 1926 and continuing for 80+ yr, 11,241 crop genetic materials have been registered as of 31 Dec. 2008. The crop registration process is an important pathway to publically describe and document new and useful genetic materials and to incorporate these into the public domain via the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS). Crop Registration materials are now searchable via the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) and demand for registered materials remains strong with more than 9150 registered accessions distributed in the past 26 yr by the NPGS. Guidelines continue to evolve to accommodate global factors effecting germplasm exchange such …

Efficacy Of Singular And Stacked Brown Midrib 6 And 12 In The Modification Of Lignocellulose And Grain Chemistry, Scott E. Sattler, Deanna L. Funnell-Harris, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

In sorghum, brown midrib (bmr) 6 and 12 impair the last two steps of monolignol synthesis. bmr genes were introduced into grain sorghum to improve the digestibility of lignocellulosic tissues for grazing or bioenergy uses following grain harvest. Near-isogenic grain sorghum hybrids (AWheatland X RTx430) were developed containing bmr6, bmr12, and the bmr6 bmr12 double mutant (stacked), and their impacts were assessed in a two-year field study. The bmr genes did not significantly impact grain or lignocellulosic tissue yield. Lignocellulosic tissue from bmr6, bmr12, and stacked hybrids had reduced lignin content and increased in …

Heterosis In Sweet Sorghum And Selection Of A New Sweet Sorghum Hybrid For Use In Syrup Production In Appalachia, T. W. Pfeiffer, M. J. Bitzer, J. J. Toy, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Although heterosis is well established in grain and forage sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], reports of heterosis in sweet sorghum are limited to results from grain sorghum × sweet sorghum hybrids. Recent development of cytoplasmic male-sterile sweet sorghum lines allows creation of sweet sorghum hybrids for research and industry. Male sterility may also affect allocation of photosynthate to plant parts, creating the potential to increase sugar content in stems by eliminating seed as a sink. The objectives of this study were to compare performance of A₃ cytoplasmic male-sterile lines and A₃ cytoplasmic male-sterile hybrids to fertile B …

Influences Of Wind And Sandblasting On The Endangered Blowout Penstemon, James Stubbendieck, Cheryl D. Dunn, Heidi L. Hillhouse, L. M. Landholt

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Blowout penstemon Penstemon haydenii is a federally endangered species growing only in areas with active wind erosion in sand dunes of the central United States. This early seral species declines as the blowout habitat stabilizes, allowing later seral species to increase. Blowout penstemon populations and plant size declined in the 1990s when precipitation was higher than normal, resulting in reduced sand movement. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to determine whether blowing sand influenced vigor and persistence of blowout penstemon seedlings. Treatments were wind, sandblasting, wind with sandblasting, and a control. The wind treatment was a constant 14 km h^{–1 …}

Fine Mapping Of The Scn Resistance Locus Rhg1-B From Pi 88788, Myungsik Kim, David L. Hyten, Andrew F. Bent, Brian W. Diers

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is the most economically damaging soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] pest in the USA and genetic resistance is a key component for its control. Although SCN resistance is quantitative, the rhg1 locus on chromosome 18 (formerly known as Linkage Group G) confers a high level of resistance. The objective of this study was to fi ne-map the rhg1-b allele that is derived from plant introduction (PI) 88788. F₂ and F₃ plants and F_3:4 lines from crosses between SCN resistant and susceptible genotypes were tested with genetic markers to …

High-Throughput Snp Discovery And Assay Development In Common Bean, David L. Hyten, Qijian Song, Edward W. Fickus, Charles V. Quigley, Jong-Sung Lim, Ik-Young Choi, Eun-Young Hwang, Marcial Pastor-Corrales, Perry B. Cregan

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Background: Next generation sequencing has significantly increased the speed at which single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can be discovered and subsequently used as molecular markers for research. Unfortunately, for species such as common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) which do not have a whole genome sequence available, the use of next generation sequencing for SNP discovery is much more difficult and costly. To this end we developed a method which couples sequences obtained from the Roche 454-FLX system (454) with the Illumina Genome Analyzer (GA) for high-throughput SNP discovery. Results: Using a multi-tier reduced representation library we discovered a total of …

Inoculation With Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Or Crop Rotation With Mycorrhizal Plants Improves The Growth Of Maize In Limed Acid Sulfate Soil, Hasao Higo, Katsunori Isobe, Dong-Jin Kang, Kazuhiro Ujie, Rhae A. Drijber, Ryuichi Ishii

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) improve the uptake of immobile mineral nutrients such as phosphate, thereby improving plant growth. In acid sulfate soil (ASS), AMF spore density is generally low which impacts root colonization and phosphate uptake. Thus, inoculation may help increase AMF colonization of crops grown in ASS. AMF spore density decreases after cultivation of a non-host crop or bare fallow. In addition, preceding crops affect the growth and yield of subsequent crops. The production of AMF inocula requires AMF-compatible plants. The objective of the present study is to elucidate the effect of preceding crops on the persistence of inoculated …

Fine Mapping Of The Soybean Aphid-Resistance Gene Rag2 In Soybean Pi 200538, Ki-Seung Kim, Curtis B. Hill, Glen L. Hartman, D. L. Hyten, Matthew E. Hudson, Brian W. Diers

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The discovery of biotype diversity of soybean aphid (SA: Aphis glycines Matsumura) in North America emphasizes the necessity to identify new aphid-resistance genes. The soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] plant introduction (PI) 200538 is a promising source of SA resistance because it shows a high level of resistance to a SA biotype that can overcome the SA-resistance gene Rag1 from ‘Dowling’. The SA-resistance gene Rag2 was previously mapped from PI 200538 to a 10-cM marker interval on soybean chromosome 13 [formerly linkage group (LG) F]. The objective of this study was to fine map Rag2. This fine mapping …

Evaluation And Enhancement Of Seed Lot Quality In Eastern Gamagrass [Tripsacum Dactyloides (L.) L.], Cynthia Hensley Finneseth

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Eastern gamagrass [Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L.] is a warm-season, perennial grass which is native to large areas across North America. Cultivars, selections and ecotypes suitable for erosion control, wildlife planting, ornamental, forage and biofuel applications are commercially available. Plantings are commonly established from seed; however, seed quality and dormancy are barriers to establishment. The objective here was to investigate parameters that contribute to inconsistent performance of this seed kind to subsequently improve seed lot quality.

Forty-two seed lots were used, with seed fill and germination potential ranging from 78- 100% and 11-91%, respectively. Actual germination and dormant seed ranged …

Growth And Yield Of Cultivated Grape With Native Perennial Grasses Nodding Needlegrass Or California Barley As Cover Crops, Michael J. Costello

Wine and Viticulture

Two California native perennial grasses, nodding needlegrass [Nassella cernua (Stebbins & R.M. Love) Barkworth] and California barley [Hordeum brachyantherum Nevski ssp. californicum (Covas & Stebbins) Bothmer, N. Jacobsen & Seberg], were compared with a conventional grass cover crop, ‘Blando’ brome (Bromus hordeaceus L.), as well as resident (weedy) vegetation and a clean cultivated control for effects on growth and yield of cultivated grape (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Barbera). Statistical analyses did not reveal yield differences between treatments with floor vegetation (the native grasses, ‘Blando’ brome, and resident vegetation) and clean cultivation, the cover crop treatments (the native grasses and ‘Blando …

Abundance Of Ssr Motifs And Development Of Candidate Polymorphic Ssr Markers (Barcsoyssr_1.0) In Soybean, Qijian Song, Gaofeng Jia, Youlin Zhu, David Grant, Rex T. Nelson, Eun-Young Hwang, D. L. Hyten, P. B. Cregan

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Simple sequence repeat (SSR) genetic markers, also referred to as microsatellites, function in map-based cloning and for marker-assisted selection in plant breeding. The objectives of this study were to determine the abundance of SSRs in the soybean genome and to develop and test soybean SSR markers to create a database of locus-specific markers with a high likelihood of polymorphism. A total of 210,990 SSRs with di-, tri-, and tetranucleotide repeats of five or more were identified in the soybean whole genome sequence (WGS) which included 61,458 SSRs consisting of repeat units of di- (≥10), tri- (≥8), and tetranucleotide (≥7). Among …

Three Essays On The Role Of Amenities As An Economic Development Strategy, Junpyo Hong

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

It is well known that an amenity is a key driving engine to regional economic growth. However, the site-specific nature of an amenity can characterize them as public goods. Due to this characteristic, local governments have difficulty optimally supplying amenities. This dissertation tries to find relationships between an amenity and economic growth. Three empirical papers comprise the original research in this dissertation. The findings of the meta-analysis in the first essay suggest little methodological diversity exists among researchers linking amenities to economic growth., I do find that employment growth is more likely related to man-made amenities even in research on …

Strawberry Plug Plant Production, Dan Drost, Brent Black, Daniel Rowley

All Current Publications

This publication provides information on growing strawberries including planting dates and harvesting methods.

Visible Near-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging For The Identification And Discrimination Of Brown Blotch Disease On Mushroom (Agaricus Bisporus) Caps, Edurne Gaston, Jesus Maria Frias, Patrick J. Cullen, Colm O’Donnell, Aoife Gowen

Articles

Brown blotch, caused by pathogenic Pseudomonas tolaasii (P. tolaasii), is the most problematic bacterial disease in Agaricus bisporus mushrooms. Although it does not cause any health problems, it reduces the consumer appeal of mushrooms in the market place, generating important economical losses worldwide. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a non-destructive technique that combines imaging and spectroscopy to obtain information from a sample. The objective of this study was to investigate the use of HSI for brown blotch identification and discrimination from mechanical damage on mushrooms. Hyperspectral images of mushrooms subjected to i) no treatment, ii) mechanical damage or iii) …

Toxin-Nutrient Interactions Influence Diet Selection, Usu Extension

All Current Publications

Given a choice herbivores prefer foods that are high in nutrients and low in toxins. Nevertheless, plants high in toxins are common on rangelands.

Toxins Reduce Palatability, Usu Extension

All Current Publications

Several years ago we had two research projects we assumed were unrelated. One focused on why goats avoid the current season’s growth of blackbrush and the other on how livestock learn to avoid foods high in toxins.

Training Livestock To Leave Streams And Use Uplands, Usu Extension

All Current Publications

Cattle can damage streams and surrounding vegetation—riparian areas—by breaking down banks decreasing water quality, and reducing wildlife living in the stream and on the land.