Effect Of Mini-Plug Container Depth On Root And Shoot Growth Of Four Forest Tree Species During Early Developmental Stages,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Effect Of Mini-Plug Container Depth On Root And Shoot Growth Of Four Forest Tree Species During Early Developmental Stages, Panagiota Kostopoulou, Kalliopi Radoglou, Olympia Dini-Papanastasi, Christina Adamidou
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The container type used in nursery culture is among the most important determinants of containerised seedling quality. The objective of the present study was to analyse root and shoot growth, root growth potential, and photochemical efficiency of seedlings of Picea abies, Robinia pseudoacacia, Pinus brutia, and Pinus nigra cultivated for 5 weeks in mini-plugs of 2 different cavity depths (37 and 60 mm). The results showed that precultivation of P. nigra and, to a lesser extent, of R. pseudoacacia in deeper mini-plug containers improved seedling morphological attributes and quality, but shallow containers produced better quality seedlings of P. abies. In …
Isolation And Characterization Of Native Bacillus Thuringiensis Isolates From Syrian Soil And Testing Of Their Insecticidal Activities Against Some Insect Pests, Hassan Ammouneh, Muhand Harba, Emad Idris, Hayat Makee
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Bacillus thuringiensis was detected in 12.5% of soil samples collected from different regions in Syria and 25 B. thuringiensis isolates were found to be highly toxic to larvae of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, Phthorimaea operculella Zeller, and Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera), but not to the larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera). Light microscopy investigation showed the presence of bipyramidal and cuboidal parasporal bodies produced by these isolates. The existence of different cry genes in the tested isolates was studied using a PCR strategy with a set of general primers recognizing some of the cry genes reported in the relevant literature. Primers corresponding …
Agroecological Land Use Potential Of Amik Plain, Turkey,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Agroecological Land Use Potential Of Amik Plain, Turkey, Şeref Kiliç
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The loss of agricultural land due to the development of other land uses has increasingly become an issue of local, regional, and national concern in Turkey. This study was aimed at evaluating land use potential and suitability of 174 land mapping units of 72,544 ha in Amik Plain (Hatay, Turkey) for 21 different land use types. For this purpose, land suitability evaluation was carried out using soil and land data and a PC-compatible ILSEN software package program developed by the SENOL land evaluation system. Our study showed that out of 39 potential groups, 26 combined land uses and land covers …
Field Evaluation Of Effective Microorganisms (Em) Application For Growth, Nodulation, And Nutrition Of Mung Bean,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Field Evaluation Of Effective Microorganisms (Em) Application For Growth, Nodulation, And Nutrition Of Mung Bean, Arshad Javaid, Rukhsana Bajwa
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Effective microorganisms (EM) is a commercial biofertilizer that contains a mixture of co-existing beneficial microorganisms collected from natural environments. Predominantly it consists of species of photosynthetic and lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and actinomycetes. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of EM application on growth, nodulation, yield, and nutrient uptake in mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] var. NIAB Mung 98 under field conditions. Field soil was amended with farmyard manure at 20 t ha^{-1}, Trifolium alexandrinum green manure at 20 t ha^{-1}, and recommended (NPK) and half (½ NPK) doses of chemical fertilizers. EM was applied in …
Global Perspectives On First Generation Liquid Biofuel Production,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Global Perspectives On First Generation Liquid Biofuel Production, Rok Fink, Saso Medved
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Transport today is mostly sustained by liquid fossil fuels, despite the fact that the invention of the combustion engine started with biofuels. However, known environmental impacts and the instability of the fossil-fuel market have revived the status of biofuels. Some concerns have appeared regarding how emerging global climate changes will affect biofuels' feedstock production, since agriculture is strongly dependent on climate variables. Therefore, numerical models were introduced to calculate how temperature and precipitation could affect crop production for biodiesel and bioethanol production. Furthermore, 4 scenarios projected by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change were put into the calculations. The results …
Investigation Of The Reduction Of Mouldboard Ploughshare Wear Through Hot Stamping And Hardfacing Processes,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Investigation Of The Reduction Of Mouldboard Ploughshare Wear Through Hot Stamping And Hardfacing Processes, Aysel Yazici
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The effects of the hot stamping process and different hardfacing techniques, such as shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) and gas metal arc welding (GMAW), on the abrasive wear of ploughshares were investigated under field operational conditions. The abrasive wear losses were determined by measuring the weight and dimension changes before and after tillage. The wear losses of hot-stamped and hardfaced ploughshares were less significant than those of the conventionally heat-treated ploughshare specimens used under field conditions. Conventional heat treatment and hardfacing by the SMAW process decreased the wear weight losses by 46.31% and the dimensional losses by 86.77% in comparison …
Heritability For Some Agronomic Characters Of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) And Their Linked Microsatellites Identification,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Heritability For Some Agronomic Characters Of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) And Their Linked Microsatellites Identification, Reza Amiri Fahliani, Mahmood Khodambashi, Sadollah Houshmand, Ahmad Arzani, Karim Sorkheh
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The objectives of this study were to estimate the narrow sense heritability of the examined characters and to find their linked simple sequence repeats (SSRs) using bulked segregant analysis (BSA) in rice (Oryza sativa L). F_{2:3} families of the cross between 'Mousa-Tarom' and '304' were used in an augmented design with 6 replications. Narrow sense heritability of panicle length and the culm number were low (0.84). The SSR primers RM16589 and RM17166 on chromosome 4 showed linkage with the gene(s) controlling culm length, plant height, leaf width, culm number, grain width, and grain shape. On chromosome 11, the SSR primer …
Quantitative Trait Loci (Qtl) Analysis For Antioxidant And Agronomically Important Traits In Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum),
2011
TÜBİTAK
Quantitative Trait Loci (Qtl) Analysis For Antioxidant And Agronomically Important Traits In Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum), Bi̇lal Ökmen, Hasan Özgür Şiğva, Nergi̇z Gürbüz, Mehmet Ülger, Anne Frary, Sami̇ Doğanlar
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Tomato is one of the most widely produced and consumed vegetable crops worldwide. Plant breeders have usually focused on improvement of horticulturally important traits such as yield, fruit size, shape and colour. With increased attention on human health, however, plant breeders also consider the improvement of health-related traits of fruits and vegetables such as antioxidant characters. In the present study, genes controlling both health-related and horticulturally important traits were mapped in the tomato genome using 152 Lycopersicon hirsutum BC_2F_2 individuals. For this aim, all plants were phenotypically and genotypically characterised and a total of 75 QTLs were identified for all …
Critical Period Of Weed Control In Chickpea Under Non-Irrigated Conditions,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Critical Period Of Weed Control In Chickpea Under Non-Irrigated Conditions, Işik Tepe, Murat Erman, Reyyan Yergi̇n, Beki̇r Bükün
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The present study was conducted during the growing seasons of 2005, 2006, and 2007 to determine the critical period of weed control (CPWC) in chickpea (cv. Aziziye 94). In order to evaluate the beginning of CPWC, weeds were allowed to compete at weekly intervals for 1 to 8 weeks after emergence (WAE) and, at the end of CPWC, plots were kept weed-free at weekly intervals for 1 to 8 WAE by periodic hand hoeing. The beginning and the end of CPWC were based on 5% acceptable yield loss (AYL) levels, which were determined by fitting logistic and Gompertz equations to …
Estimation Of Single Leaf Chlorophyll Content In Sugar Beet Using Machine Vision,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Estimation Of Single Leaf Chlorophyll Content In Sugar Beet Using Machine Vision, Parviz Ahmadi Moghaddam, Mohammadali Haddad Derafshi, Vine Shirzad
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Estimating crop nitrogen status accurately during side-dressing operations is essential for effective management of site-specific nitrogen applications. Variable rate technology (VRT) is one of the major operations in precision agriculture to reduce environmental risks and increase fertilizer use efficiency. In the present study, color image analysis was performed to estimate sugar beet leaf chlorophyll status. The experiment was carried out in a phytotron and nitrogen was applied at 6 levels to the sugar beet grown in pots. Chlorophyll level of the leaves was measured by a SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter. To estimate chlorophyll status, a neural-network model was developed based on …
Exploration Of Genotype Specific Fingerprinting Of Nigella Sativa L. Using Rapd Markers,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Exploration Of Genotype Specific Fingerprinting Of Nigella Sativa L. Using Rapd Markers, Muhammad Sajjad Iqbal, Shahid Nadeem, Shahid Mehboob, Abdul Ghafoor, Muhammad Ibrahim Rajoka, Afsari Sharif Qureshi, Bushra Niaz
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Nigella sativa L. has industrial, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical uses but has not been adequately characterized in Pakistan. This investigation was carried out to explore genotype specific fingerprinting of 32 N. sativa L. genotypes based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers. From 58 random primers used, 15 primers generated 249 reproducible and scorable amplification products across all the genotypes, out of which 164 (66%) fragments were polymorphic revealing a high level of polymorphism among these genotypes. The proportion of common bands was low (34%). The size of the amplification products on agarose gels ranged between 0.5 and 10.0 kb. In 13 …
Antioxidant Properties Of Methanolic Extract From Inula Graveolens L.,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Antioxidant Properties Of Methanolic Extract From Inula Graveolens L., Adnan J. M. Al-Fartosy
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The aim of this study was to assess the possible antioxidant activities of 80% methanolic extract from the Inula graveolens L. plant. It was found that the methanolic extract has the highest content of phenolic (1.63%, calculated as gallic acid) and flavonoid (0.52%, calculated as quercetin) equivalents per 100 g of dry mass. The methanolic extract possesses strong antioxidant activity (64.28%) as well as strong reducing power (increasing as the extract concentration increases) and ferrous ion chelating (96%) abilities. Moreover, the methanolic extract shows the highest free radical-scavenging activities for superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical, reaching 93.43% and 91.38%, respectively.
Micrometeorological Observations Above A Japanese Red Pine Forest Within The Growing Season,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Micrometeorological Observations Above A Japanese Red Pine Forest Within The Growing Season, Pedram Attarod, Masatoshi Aoki, Vilma Bayramzadeh, Mohammad Taghi Ahmadi
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Knowledge of vegetation-atmosphere interactions has great importance in ecological research, and to recognize these effective interactions, the collection and interpretation of micrometeorological data are essential. The main goal of this study was to understand the trends of evapotranspiration (ET) and other micrometeorological parameters within the growing season above a Japanese red pine forest in Japan. To measure ET, the Bowen ratio-energy balance approach was employed. These measurements were used with the Penman-Monteith reference evapotranspiration (ET_0) in order to create crop coefficients (K_c) by the ratio of ET:ET_0. Mean daily ET on the dry and rainy days was found to be …
Assessment Of Yield And Water Use Efficiency Of Drip-Irrigated Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) As Affected By Deficit Irrigation, Fuad Hussein, Mussaddak Janat, Abdallah Yakoub
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
A field experiment was conducted for 2 consecutive years to evaluate the response of cotton crop to deficit irrigation under drip irrigation conditions. Water use efficiency (WUE), seed cotton yield, and fiber quality parameters were assessed at various irrigation levels. The experiment was set up to apply water at 4 different application rates: 50%, 65%, 80%, and 100% of the soil water depletion. These were abbreviated as DI50, DI65, DI80, and FI, respectively. The total amounts of irrigation water applied were 408 and 773 mm and the average seed cotton yields were 2909 and 5090 kg ha^{-1} for the DI50 …
Bioactivities Of Jimsonweed Extract, Datura Stramonium L. (Solanaceae), Against Tribolium Castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), Habib Abbasipour, Mohammad Mahmoudvand, Fahimeh Rastegar, Mohammad Hossein Hosseinpour
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
In this research, the efficacy of plant extract from Datura stramonium L. (Solanaceae) was tested against the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), for its toxic and antifeedant activity. The dried and powdered plant was extracted with 150 mL of absolute ethanol (99%, Merck) using a rotary evaporator extractor at 45 °C. Experiments were designed to measure the nutritional indices, such as relative growth rate (RGR), relative consumption rate (RCR), efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI), and feeding deterrence index (FDI). Treatments were evaluated by flour disk bioassay in the dark at 27 ± 1 °C and …
Fertilization Enhances Growth, Yield, And Xanthophyll Contents Of Marigold,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Fertilization Enhances Growth, Yield, And Xanthophyll Contents Of Marigold, Iftikhar Ahmad, Muhammad Asif, Atyab Amjad, Sagheer Ahmad
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The effects of various NPK levels on growth, flowering, and xanthophyll contents of African marigold (Tagetes erecta, 'Double Eagle') and French marigold (Tagetes patula, 'Yellow') were investigated. Plant height, number of branches plant^{-1}, leaf area (cm^2), total chlorophyll contents (mg g^{-1}), number of flowers plant^{-1}, flower diameter, flower quality, fresh and dry weight of a flower, total flower weight plant^{-1}, blooming period, and days to flowering were maximum with 15:10:10 g m^{-2} NPK application. However, leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents reached the highest values with 15:20:10, 5:20:10, and 10:20:10 g m^{-2} NPK application, respectively. Xanthophyll contents were higher in …
Estimating The Soil Water Retention Curve From Soil Particle Size Distribution Using The Arya And Paris Model For Iranian Soils, Leila Rezaee, Mahmoud Shabanpour, Naser Davatgar
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The direct measurement of the soil water retention curve (SWRC) in a laboratory is time-consuming, difficult, and costly. Thus, many attempts have been made to predict the water retention curve indirectly from the physical and chemical properties of soil. The particle size distribution curve is one of the indirect methods used to predict the water retention curve. The Arya and Paris (AP) model predicts the soil water retention curve from soil particle size distribution (PSD) data. The AP model estimates pore radius from the radius of spherical particles by using a scaling parameter (\alpha). The objective of this study was …
Mutational Analysis Of The Major Soybean Uref Paralogue
Involved In Urease Activation,
2011
University of Missouri
Mutational Analysis Of The Major Soybean Uref Paralogue Involved In Urease Activation, Joe C. Polacco, D. L. Hyten, Mônica Medeiros-Silva, David A. Sleper, Kristin D. Bilyeu
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
The soybean genome duplicated ~14 and 45 million years ago and has many paralogous genes, including those in urease activation (emplacement of Ni and CO2 in the active site). Activation requires the UreD and UreF proteins, each encoded by two paralogues. UreG, a third essential activation protein, is encoded by the single-copy Eu3, and eu3 mutants lack activity of both urease isozymes. eu2 has the same urease-negative phenotype, consistent with Eu2 being a single-copy gene, possibly encoding a Ni carrier. Unexpectedly, two eu2 alleles co-segregated with missense mutations in the chromosome 2 UreF paralogue (Ch02UreF), suggesting …
Moving Micronutrients From The Soil To The Seeds: Genes And Physiological Processes From A Biofortification Perspective,
2011
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Moving Micronutrients From The Soil To The Seeds: Genes And Physiological Processes From A Biofortification Perspective, Brian M. Waters, Renuka P. Sankaran
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
The micronutrients iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) are essential for plants and the humans and animals that consume plants. Increasing the micronutrient density of staple crops, or biofortification, will greatly improve human nutrition on a global scale. This review discusses the processes and genes needed to translocate micronutrients through the plant to the developing seeds, and potential strategies for developing biofortified crops.
Registration Of Seven Winter Wheat Germplasm Lines Carrying The Wsm1 Gene For Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus Resistance,
2011
Washington State University
Registration Of Seven Winter Wheat Germplasm Lines Carrying The Wsm1 Gene For Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus Resistance, Jasdeep S. Mutti, P. Stephen Baenziger, Robert A. Graybosch, Roy French, Kulvinder S. Gill
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Seven winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm lines carrying the Wsm1 gene conferring resistance to Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV)—Alliance-Wsm1 (Reg. No. GP-858, PI 653710), Arrowsmith-Wsm1 (Reg. No. GP-859, PI 653711), Goodstreak-Wsm1 (Reg. No. GP-860, PI 653712), Harry-Wsm1 (Reg. No. GP-861, PI 653713), Millennium-Wsm1 (Reg. No. GP-862, PI 653714), Wahoo-Wsm1 (Reg. No. GP-863, PI 653715), and Wesley-Wsm1 (Reg. No. GP-864, PI 653716)—were codeveloped by Washington State University, Pullman, WA; the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE; and the USDA-ARS. These seven different winter wheat cultivars were selected to provide more sources of effective …
