Development And Evaluation Of Soysnp50k, A High-Density Genotyping Array For Soybean,
2013
Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture
Development And Evaluation Of Soysnp50k, A High-Density Genotyping Array For Soybean, Qijian Song, D. L. Hyten, Gaofeng Jia, Charles V. Quigley, Edward W. Fickus, Randall L. Nelson, P. B. Cregan
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
The objective of this research was to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and to develop an Illumina Infinium BeadChip that contained over 50,000 SNPs from soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.). A total of 498,921,777 reads 35–45 bp in length were obtained from DNA sequence analysis of reduced representation libraries from several soybean accessions which included six cultivated and two wild soybean (G. soja Sieb. et Zucc.) genotypes. These reads were mapped to the soybean whole genome sequence and 209,903 SNPs were identified. After applying several filters, a total of 146,161 of the 209,903 SNPs were determined to be …
The Plant Science Decadal Vision: Response To The Martin
Commentary,
2013
Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, NY
The Plant Science Decadal Vision: Response To The Martin Commentary, David Stern, Sally Ann Mackenzie
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
The plant science community is being called upon as never before to carry out research that addresses challenges in food, climate, and health, to educate a populace inundated with science misinformation, and to excite and recruit a new generation of scientists from among that populace, all while investments in basic research are stagnant or even declining in many countries. The Decadal Vision (Plant Science Research Summit, 2013) represents a response from that community, one that launches a meaningful and ongoing dialogue about how best to accomplish these goals. In that spirit, we welcome this thoughtful commentary by Cathie Martin (Martin, …
Chloroplast Division Protein Arc3 Regulates Chloroplast
Ftsz-Ring Assembly And Positioning In Arabidopsis Through
Interaction With Ftsz2,
2013
Michigan State University
Chloroplast Division Protein Arc3 Regulates Chloroplast Ftsz-Ring Assembly And Positioning In Arabidopsis Through Interaction With Ftsz2, Min Zhang, Aaron J. Schmitz, Deena K. Kadirjan-Kalbach, Allan D. Terbush, Katherine W. Osteryoung
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Chloroplast division is initiated by assembly of a mid-chloroplast FtsZ (Z) ring comprising two cytoskeletal proteins, FtsZ1 and FtsZ2. The division-site regulators ACCUMULATION AND REPLICATION OF CHLOROPLASTS3 (ARC3), MinD1, and MinE1 restrict division to the mid-plastid, but their roles are poorly understood. Using genetic analyses in Arabidopsis thaliana, we show that ARC3 mediates division-site placement by inhibiting Z-ring assembly, and MinD1 and MinE1 function through ARC3. ftsZ1 null mutants exhibited some mid-plastid FtsZ2 rings and constrictions, whereas neither constrictions nor FtsZ1 rings were observed in mutants lacking FtsZ2, suggesting FtsZ2 is the primary determinant of Z-ring assembly in vivo. arc3 …
Resource Allocation For Maximizing Prediction
Accuracy And Genetic Gain Of Genomic Selection
In Plant Breeding: A Simulation Experiment,
2013
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Resource Allocation For Maximizing Prediction Accuracy And Genetic Gain Of Genomic Selection In Plant Breeding: A Simulation Experiment, Aaron Lorenz
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Allocating resources between population size and replication affects both genetic gain through phenotypic selection and quantitative trait loci detection power and effect estimation accuracy for marker-assisted selection (MAS). It is well known that because alleles are replicated across individuals in quantitative trait loci mapping and MAS, more resources should be allocated to increasing population size compared with phenotypic selection. Genomic selection is a form of MAS using all marker information simultaneously to predict individual genetic values for complex traits and has widely been found superior to MAS. No studies have explicitly investigated how resource allocation decisions affect success of genomic …
Evaluation Of Public Sweet Sorghum A-Lines For Use In Hybrid
Production,
2013
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Evaluation Of Public Sweet Sorghum A-Lines For Use In Hybrid Production, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, Scott E. Sattler, William F. Anderson
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
A fundamental need for commercialization of sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] as a bioenergy crop is an adequate seed supply, which will require development of hybrid varieties using dwarf seed-parent lines. A set of six public sweet sorghum A-lines (Dwarf Kansas Sourless, KS9, N36, N38, N39, and N4692) were crossed with a set of six public sweet sorghum cultivars (Brawley, Kansas Collier, Dale, Sugar Drip, Waconia, and Wray). Grain, fiber, and sugar yields were determined, and conversion formulas were applied to estimate ethanol yields. Hybrids were grown in fields at Ithaca, NE, USA, in 1983– 1984 fertilized with …
Yield Gap Analysis—Rationale, Methods And Applications—Introduction To The Special Issue,
2013
Wageningen University
Yield Gap Analysis—Rationale, Methods And Applications—Introduction To The Special Issue, M.K. Van Ittersum, Kenneth Cassman
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Yield gap analysis is an increasingly popular concept. It is a powerful method to reveal and understand the biophysical opportunities to meet the projected increase in demand for agricultural products towards 2050, and to support decision making on research, policies, development and investment that is needed. This Special Issue presents the state-of-the-art about concepts, methods and applications of yield gap analysis. The methodological papers emphasize the need for agronomically sound and relevant analyses, from local to global scales. The fourteen papers provide examples of applications to different crops, climate zones and production conditions, at various spatial extents and with different …
Agricultural Innovation To Protect
The Environment,
2013
James Cook University
Agricultural Innovation To Protect The Environment, Jeffrey Sayer, Kenneth Cassman
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
In a world of 9.5 billion people, global demand for food, fiber, and biofuels has to be met with minimal possible increases in land, water, fossil fuels, and the minerals used to produce fertilizers (1–4). The problem is debated at three levels: first, that agriculture will not be able to produce enough because it will come up against both biophysical and environmental limits that restrict yields (3, 5, 6); second, that the need to expand and intensify agriculture will destroy the broader environmental values of forests, wetlands, marine systems, and their associated biodiversity (7–9); and third, that there are institutional …
New Technologies Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions
From Nitrogenous Fertilizer In China,
2013
China Agricultural University
New Technologies Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Nitrogenous Fertilizer In China, Wei-Feng Feng, Zheng-Xia Dou, Pan He, Xiao-Tang Ju, David Powlson, Dave Chadwick, David Norse, Yue-Lai Lu, Ying Zhang, Liang Wu, Xin-Ping Chen, Kenneth Cassman, Fu-Suo Zhang
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizer has played a key role in enhancing food production and keeping half of the world’s population adequately fed. However, decades of N fertilizer overuse in many parts of the world have contributed to soil, water, and air pollution; reducing excessive N losses and emissions is a central environmental challenge in the 21st century. China’s participation is essential to global efforts in reducing N-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions because China is the largest producer and consumer of fertilizer N. To evaluate the impact of China’s use of N fertilizer, we quantify the carbon footprint of China’s N …
Influence Of Two Herbicides On Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera Glycines) Reproduction On Henbit (Lamium Amplexicaule) Roots,
2013
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Influence Of Two Herbicides On Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera Glycines) Reproduction On Henbit (Lamium Amplexicaule) Roots, Rodrigo Werle, Mark L. Bernards, Loren J. Giesler, John L. Lindquist
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is the most yield-limiting pathogen of soybean in the United States. Henbit is a prevalent winter annual weed species in no-till fields and is reported to be an alternative host of SCN. A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate how the development of SCN on henbit roots was affected by herbicide mode of action and time of herbicide application. Henbit plants were grown in watertight pots placed in a water bath bench that kept soil temperature constant (27 6 1 C) during the study. Ten d after transplanting, pots were inoculated with approximately 1,000 SCN eggs. …
Maternal Environment Effects On Phenolic Defenses In Abutilon Theophrasti Seeds,
2013
New Mexico State University
Maternal Environment Effects On Phenolic Defenses In Abutilon Theophrasti Seeds, Brian J. Schutte, Sam E. Wortman, John L. Lindquist, Adam S. Davis
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
A class of phenolic compounds, ortho-dihydroxyphenols (hereafter “o-DHP”), has been implicated with seed survival. Based on expectations of the growth-differentiation balance hypothesis, we predicted that seed o-DHP concentration exhibits a curvilinear response to increasing resource availability in the maternal environment, with maximum o-DHP occurring at moderate resource levels. To test this hypothesis, Abutilon theophrasti seeds were produced under field conditions at two locations. Each location included twelve maternal environments established through factorial combinations of soil compost (+/−), species assemblage (A. theophrasti with and without maize), and soil nitrogen fertilizer (0, 0.5× or 1× local …
Seed Burial Physical Environment Explains Departures From Regional Hydrothermal Model Of Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia Trifida) Seedling Emergence In U.S. Midwest,
2013
USDA Agricultural Research Service, Urbana, Illinois
Seed Burial Physical Environment Explains Departures From Regional Hydrothermal Model Of Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia Trifida) Seedling Emergence In U.S. Midwest, Adam S. Davis, Sharon Clay, John Cardina, Anita Dille, Frank Forcella, John Lindquist, Christy Sprague
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Robust predictions of weed seedling emergence from the soil seedbank are needed to aid weed management. A common seed accession (Illinois) of giant ragweed was buried in replicate experimental gardens over 18 site years in Illinois, Michigan, Kansas, Nebraska, Ohio, and South Dakota to examine the importance of site and climate variability by year on seedling emergence. In a nonlinear mixed-effects modeling approach, we used a flexible sigmoidal function (Weibull) to model giant ragweed cumulative seedling emergence in relation to hydrothermal time accumulated in each site-year. An iterative search method across a range of base temperature (Tb) …
Seroprevalence Of Brucellosis In Livestock Within Three Endemic Regions Of The Country Of Georgia,
2013
Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Tbilisi, Georgia
Seroprevalence Of Brucellosis In Livestock Within Three Endemic Regions Of The Country Of Georgia, Eliso Mamisashvili, Ian T. Kracalik, Tinatin Onashvili, Lela Kerdzevadze, Ketevan Goginashvili, Tamar Tigilauri, Marina Donduashvili, Marina Nikolaishvili, Irma Beradze, Marina Zakareishvili, Maka Kokhreidze, Makvala Gelashvili, Nino Vepkhvadze, S. Elizabeth Rácz, Philip H. Elzer, Mikeljon P. Nikolich, Jason K. Blackburn
Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications
Brucellosis is the one of most common livestock zoonoses in Georgia, resulting in significant economic losses. Livestock were sampled in three regions of Georgia (Kakheti, Kvemo Kartli, Imereti). Districts that historically reported high numbers of brucellosis related morbidity were selected for serological, bacteriological and molecular surveys. Surveying efforts yielded samples from 10,819 large and small ruminants. In total, 735 serological tests were positive on Rose Bengal and 33 bacterial isolates were recovered and identified as Brucella melitensis or Brucella abortus by microbiology and AMOS-PCR. A Bayesian framework was implemented to estimate the true prevalence of the disease given an imperfect …
Genetic Dissection Of Yield And Its Component Traits Using High-Density Composite Map Of Wheat
Chromosome 3a: Bridging Gaps Between Qtls And Underlying Genes,
2013
Washington State University
Genetic Dissection Of Yield And Its Component Traits Using High-Density Composite Map Of Wheat Chromosome 3a: Bridging Gaps Between Qtls And Underlying Genes, Sachin Rustgi, Mustafa N. Shafqat, Neeraj Kumar, P. Stephen Baenziger, M. Liakat Ali, Ismail M. Dweikat, B. Todd Campbell, Kulvinder Singh Gill
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Earlier we identified wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) chromosome 3A as a major determinant of grain yield and its component traits. In the present study, a high-density genetic linkage map of 81 chromosome 3A-specific markers was developed to increase the precision of previously identified yield component QTLs, and to map QTLs for biomass-related traits. Many of the previously identified QTLs for yield and its component traits were confirmed and were localized to narrower intervals. Four novel QTLs one each for shoot biomass (Xcfa2262-Xbcd366), total biomass (wPt2740-Xcfa2076), kernels/spike (KPS) (Xwmc664-Xbarc67), and Pseudocercosporella induced lodging ( …
Waterhemp (Amaranthus Tuberculatus) In Soybean In Kentucky Conditions,
2013
University of Kentucky
Waterhemp (Amaranthus Tuberculatus) In Soybean In Kentucky Conditions, Blake P. Patton
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
Waterhemp was a sporadic weed in Kentucky soybean production since the 1970’s. Waterhemp’s presence was not significant until the 1990’s after a widespread adoption of imazaquin and imazethapyr herbicides in the late 1980’s by Kentucky farmers which resulted in ALS-resistant waterhemp in some Kentucky areas. The introduction of glyphosate resistant soybeans in 1996 resulted in glyphosate-containing products being widely used by Kentucky farmers. Waterhemp populations resistant to glyphosate have occurred in Kentucky in the past few years. The majority of Kentucky soybeans are produced in some type of conservation tillage system, primarily to conserve soil and water, which is advantageous …
Nitrate Reduction Coupled To Iron(Ii) And Manganese(Ii) Oxidation In An Agricultural Soil,
2013
University of Kentucky
Nitrate Reduction Coupled To Iron(Ii) And Manganese(Ii) Oxidation In An Agricultural Soil, Stephanie Pyzola
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
New evidence shows iron(II) oxidation is strongly coupled to nitrate reduction under anaerobic conditions in freshwater sediments and agricultural soils. However, the contribution of iron(II) oxidation to nitrate reduction is unknown. Furthermore, oxidation of manganese(II) by nitrate has been largely overlooked. This study investigated nitrate-dependent iron(II) and manganese(II) oxidation in an agricultural soil (Sadler silt loam) using stirred-batch kinetic techniques with native soil organic carbon (SOC) as the electron donor and included addition of amendments (hydrogen gas and wheat residue). In the presence of native SOC, nitrate-dependent Fe(II) and Mn(II) oxidation occurred at early stages of the reaction while organic …
Calendula Officinalis Growth And Production Of Secondary Compounds In Greenhouse And Soil-Based Herbal Organic Production Systems,
2013
University of Kentucky
Calendula Officinalis Growth And Production Of Secondary Compounds In Greenhouse And Soil-Based Herbal Organic Production Systems, Victoria M. Anderson
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
Calendula officinalis is a useful model crop because calendula flowers are used both ornamentally and medicinally. Organic production systems have many challenges; among these is the synchrony of nitrogen mineralization with the requirements of the crop. Organic greenhouse substrates have significantly different initial nitrogen levels which influence the performance of calendula, the highest initial N and plant performance was found in the organic compost peat substrate (OCP). The addition of supplemental nitrogen improved performance, but only OCP performed as well as the conventionally fertilized peat-based substrate. The nitrogen mineralization patterns in a soil-based greenhouse pot experiment showed that highly processed …
Ecophysiological Responses Of Tall Fescue Genotypes To Endophyte Infection And Climate Change,
2013
University of Kentucky
Ecophysiological Responses Of Tall Fescue Genotypes To Endophyte Infection And Climate Change, Marie Bourguignon
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
Tall fescue is a widely used forage grass in the eastern USA and can form a symbiosis with a fungal endophyte, which can be beneficial for the plant but can cause livestock health issues. Little is known regarding the symbiotic response to predicted climate change. To address this knowledge gap, I analyzed tall fescue variety trial data collected throughout the U.S., exploring relationships between climate variables and yield for two different fescue cultivars that were either endophyte-free or infected. This study showed no endophyte or cultivar effect on fescue yield, but identified temperature, precipitation and location as significant predictors of …
Mass Selection With An Optical Sorter For Head Scab Resistance In Soft Red Winter Wheat,
2013
University of Kentucky
Mass Selection With An Optical Sorter For Head Scab Resistance In Soft Red Winter Wheat, Hussein M. Khaeim
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
Fusarium head blight (FHB) or head scab, caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe [telomorph: Gibberella zeae Schwein.(Petch)], is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. Numerous strategies for scab resistance breeding are in use, including phenotypic selection for low severity and marker-assisted selection for resistance QTL. The most destructive consequences of scab are evidenced through a reduction in grain quality, and the presence of mycotoxins, the most common of which is deoxynivalenol (DON). Thus, there is great interest among breeders in selecting for resistance to both of these traits. To this end, a study was …
Control Of Erwinia Tracheiphila In Cucumis Melo,
2013
University of Kentucky
Control Of Erwinia Tracheiphila In Cucumis Melo, John R. Caudle
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
Currently there is no control of bacterial wilt disease, Erwinia tracheiphila, in susceptible cucurbit crops, once infection of the plant occurs. Conventional and organic production systems rely on insecticide applications to kill the vectors, striped and spotted cucumber beetles, Acalymma vittatum and Diabrotica undecimpunctata, respectively, prior to transmission of the pathogen which indirectly controls the disease to some extent. Physical barriers such as row covers are used to exclude the vectors from plants prior to flowering; however, pollination requirements expose plants to potential infection. Experimental field plots were developed to test various enhanced organic production systems in an …
Nitrogen–Climate Interactions In Us Agriculture,
2013
Michigan State University
Nitrogen–Climate Interactions In Us Agriculture, G. Philip Robertson, Tom W. Bruulsema, Ron J. Gehl, David Kanter, Denise L. Mauzerall, C. Alan Rotz, Candiss O. Williams
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Agriculture in the United States (US) cycles large quantities of nitrogen (N) to produce food, fuel, and fiber and is a major source of excess reactive nitrogen (Nr) in the environment. Nitrogen lost from cropping systems and animal operations moves to waterways, groundwater, and the atmosphere. Changes in climate and climate variability may further affect the ability of agricultural systems to conserve N. The N that escapes affects climate directly through the emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), and indirectly through the loss of nitrate (NO3-), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and ammonia to downstream and …
