Agriculture Commons^™

Cherry Tree Growth Models For Orchard Management Improvement, Mirjana Ljubojevic, Vladislav Ognjanov, Goran Barac, Jovana Dulic, Maja Miodragovic, Mirjana Sekulic, Natasa Jovanovic Ljeskovic

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Twelve cultivars and selections of sweet and sour cherries were surveyed and characterized agromorphologically. A total of 33 characters, mainly defined by the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute and the International Union for the Protection of New Cultivars of Plants, were used to describe the tree, branches, leaves, blooming, and fruits. This allowed unequivocally clear separation between six distinct growth forms-compact, dwarf, upright (pillar), columnar, weeping, and standard form-as well as evaluation of their interaction with four rootstocks of different vigor. Natural tree habit diversity within distinct growth forms has the potential to reduce pruning and training requirements in cherry, …

Changes In Berry Quality Of Northern Highbush Blueberry(Vaccinium Corymbosum L.) During The Harvest Season, Zala Zorenc, Robert Veberic, Franci Stampar, Darinka Koron, Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

As blueberries ripen successively and are commercially harvested over a period of several weeks, their composition may be altered during the harvest. The aim of this study was to compare blueberry fruit composition during the entire harvest season. Fully ripe fruits of two northern highbush blueberry cultivars (Bluecrop and Jersey) were harvested weekly at two different locations. Additionally, the Earliblue cultivar was monitored at a single location. Most of the examined characteristics changed during the harvest season and were cultivar-dependent, with smaller differences observed between sampling locations. Fruit weight of all cultivars decreased with the time of harvest. Levels of …

Storage Behavior And Cryopreservation Studies In Indian Rough Lemon (Citrus Jambhiri): A Promising Rootstock For Long-Term Conservation, Mony Radhika Rohini, Surendra Kumar Malik, Ravish Choudhary, Sukhdeep Kaur, Ajit Uchoi, Rekha Chaudhury

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The study of the seed storage behavior and cryopreservation of embryonic axes was attempted in Citrus jambhiri genotypes using air desiccation-freezing, vitrification, and encapsulation-dehydration methods. Seeds of this species revealed nonorthodox seed storage behavior with moderate seed longevity and sensitivity to desiccation and freezing. Successful cryopreservation was achieved with all three methods using embryonic axes; however, the recovery growth percentage significantly differed among these methods. Cryopreservation was efficient for the embryonic axes desiccated to 13%-15% moisture content. Freezing of embryonic axes at this moisture content in liquid nitrogen showed a good recovery rate of 40%-50%. In the vitrification method, embryonic …

Determination Of Antioxidant, Total Phenolic, Total Carotenoid, Lycopene, Ascorbic Acid, And Sugar Contents Of Citrus Species And Mandarin Hybrids, İhsan Canan, Müttali̇p Gündoğdu, Ubeyi̇t Seday, Celi̇le Ayli̇n Oluk, Zafer Karaşahi̇n, Evren Çağlar Eroğlu, Ebru Yazici, Mustafa Ünlü

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study aimed to determine the antioxidant capacity; the total phenolic, total carotenoid, sugar, and ascorbic acid contents; and some pomological characteristics of Citrus species (Citrus reticulata, Citrus sinensis, and Citrus paradisi) and mandarin (Citrus reticulata) and their new hybrids developed for yield at the Alata Horticultural Research Institute in Mersin, Turkey. With respect to antioxidant capacities, the highest value (45.28 µmol TE/100 g) was determined in Cocktail (Citrus paradisi) cultivar fruits among all examined cultivars and hybrids. We found that 7-19 (Clementine x Kara) mandarin hybrids had the highest total phenolic content (386.81 mg gallic acid equivalent/g) and the …

Nondestructive Determination Of Spruce Lumber Wood Density Using Drilling Resistance (Resistograph) Method, Bi̇lgi̇n İçel, Gürcan Güler

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The use of Resistograph for the purpose of nondestructive evaluation of certain properties of standing trees and wooden materials has increased in recent years. The resistance to penetration of a fine drill bit is measured and recorded by the device. A number of properties of the wood can be assessed by the amplitude values obtained from the Resistograph. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of the IML-Resistograph F 500 as a nondestructive tool for estimating spruce wood density using the amplitude data generated and the application of statistical modeling. Wood density data were determined using a …

An Augmented Gravity Model: Factors That Affect The U.S. Sugar Imports From Western Hemisphere Countries, Katherine Ramirez Hernandez

LSU Master's Theses

This study analyzes the main factors that affect sugar imports to the United States from western hemisphere producing countries. Important variables such as Free Trade Agreements, production capacity levels and the quota imposed by the United States to the imported sugar will be analyzed under the scope of the gravity model. The estimation of the model is carried out using an OLS analysis. The variables used to create a reliable single-commodity gravity model are: sugar production indicators, distances between the involved countries, population, import quotas, and a set of dummy variables such as FTA (Free Trade Agreements) and border, that …

Using Precision Agriculture Field Data To Evaluate Combine Harvesting Efficiency, Justin H. Carroll, Don Johnson, Jeff Miller, Kristofor Brye

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Soybeans must be harvested during a limited time period using expensive combines and associated equipment. Maximizing combine field efficiency, the ratio of the actual harvesting capacity to theoretical harvesting capacity, is an important objective of machinery managers. Spatial and temporal yield data from a 2012 CaseIH 8120 Axial-Flow combine equipped with a 9 meter MacDon D-65 Draper header and the Case-IH Advanced Farming System (AFS) yield monitoring system were used to examine field efficiency when harvesting soybean in three Arkansas Delta irrigated soybean fields during the 2015 season. Time efficiencies (TE) in the three fields ranged from 72.9% to 85.8% …

Automated Solid-Substrate Cultivation Of The Anaerobic Bacterium Clostridium Thermocellum, Mathew J. Ruwaya

Theses and Dissertations--Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering

The organism Clostridium thermocellum grows on cellulosic substrates and produces ethanol, acetate, lactate, formic acid, and CO₂. The organic acids produced alter the growth environment in which the bacteria grows and ultimately inhibit bacterial growth. One method which has been used successfully to maintain the system at acceptable growth conditions is to intermittently flush out the spent media and metabolic products and replace with new fermentation media. Our goal was to design and build an automated system that will automatically flush the spent media from the growing culture and resupply new media without manual intervention. An automated control …

Institutional Versus Intermediated Buyers: Barriers And Requirements Of Buying Local Food Products, Jennifer Marie Moldovan

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Expenditures on locally grown food products are only a small portion of the total food expenditures in the United States. In order to find a way to increase this percentage, this study aims to identify various types of buyers currently participating in the purchase of locally grown food products. Buyers were divided into two groups: institutions and intermediated. A comparison of for both classifications of buyers was done to find the difference in their perceived barriers and requirements for purchasing local food. Determining these differences could help in future policymaking decisions in local food industries. This will also help farmers …

Transatlantic Trade And Investment Partnership: Implications To Global Wine Market, Natalia Antosova

LSU Master's Theses

Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership was first introduced in 2013, with the goal of liberalization of the trade and investments, better coordination of trade by specific regulations, enhancing intellectual property protection and lifting government’s impediments to trade. This Thesis is concerned on potential implications of the TTIP on the wine industry in the European Union and particular consequences related to EU wine producers. The literature review of this paper is developed with the purpose to bring general knowledge in the matter of the TTIP. In addition, linkages of the TTIP with the political economy are provided in the latter part …

An Assessment Of The Economic Feasibility Of Establishing A Biofuel Industry In The State Of Louisiana, Alessandro Holzapfel

LSU Master's Theses

As national interests continue to encourage the development of advanced cellulosic biofuels, through legislation, research support and other means, a wide range of alternative agricultural crops are being evaluated in various regions of the country as potential feedstock material for biofuel processing facilities. Previous research has shown that both energy cane and sweet sorghum can be successfully grown in Louisiana. This study evaluated the economic feasibility of utilizing energy cane and sweet sorghum as biofuel feedstock crops. Economic analysis focused on two primary factors: estimation of feedstock cost and optimal location of processing facilities. Five cropping sequences were evaluated in …

Western Australian Biosecurity Strategy 2016 - 2025 Summary, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Biosecurity published reports

This document is a summary of the Western Australian biosecurity strategy 2016 - 2025.

Vision

The vision of WA’s Biosecurity Strategy is ‘working together to minimise the risks to the state’s economic development, environmental assets and social amenity from terrestrial and aquatic pests and diseases’.

Purpose

The purpose of the Strategy is to set the overall direction for the management of emerging and ongoing biosecurity issues within WA from 2016 to 2025.

Scope

The Strategy covers animal and plant pests, diseases and weeds, and zoonotic diseases that can be transmitted between animals and humans. These have the potential to negatively …

Grain Sorghum Leaf Reflectance And Nitrogen Status, Akwasi A. Abunyewa, Richard B. Ferguson, Charles S. Wortmann, Stephen C. Mason

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Nitrogen deficiency is a common but readily managed constraint to grain yield. A quick and nondestructive detection of crop N status using remote sensing could be a means to increased N use efficiency. Research was conducted in a greenhouse in 2006 at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln to establish the relationship of spectral reflectance with N status in leaves of grain sorghum, to develop indices for interpretation of the results and to predict chlorophyll content. Nitrogen stress decreased chlorophyll meter reading and leaf N content, but increased leaf and canopy reflectance. The SPAD values were significantly increased by both water and …

Genome-Wide Association Mapping Of Qualitatively Inherited Traits In A Germplasm Collection, Nonoy B. Bandillo, Aaron J. Lorenz, George L. Graef, Diego Jarquin, David L. Hyten, Randall L. Nelson, James E. Specht

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Genome-wide association (GWA) has been used as a tool for dissecting the genetic architecture of quantitatively inherited traits. We demonstrate here that GWA can also be highly useful for detecting many major genes governing categorically defined phenotype variants that exist for qualitatively inherited traits in a germplasm collection. Genome-wide association mapping was applied to categorical phenotypic data available for 10 descriptive traits in a collection of ~13,000 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] accessions that had been genotyped with a 50,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip. A GWA on a panel of accessions of this magnitude can offer substantial statistical …

Dioxygenase-Encoding Atdao1 Gene Controls Iaa Oxidation And Homeostasis In Arabidopsis, Silvana Porco, Aleš Pěnčík, Afaf Rashed, Ute Voβ, Rubén Casanova-Sáez, Anthony Bishop, Agata Golebiowska, Rahul Bhosale, Ranjan Swarup, Kamal Swarup, Pavlína Penáková, Ondrej Novák, Paul E. Staswick, Peter Hedden, Andrew L. Phillips, Kris Vissenberg, Malcolm J. Bennett, Karin Ljung

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Auxin represents a key signal in plants, regulating almost every aspect of their growth and development. Major breakthroughs have been made dissecting the molecular basis of auxin transport, perception, and response. In contrast, how plants control the metabolism and homeostasis of the major form of auxin in plants, indole-3- acetic acid (IAA), remains unclear. In this paper, we initially describe the function of the Arabidopsis thaliana gene DIOXYGENASE FOR AUXIN OXIDATION 1 (AtDAO1). Transcriptional and translational reporter lines revealed that AtDAO1 encodes a highly root-expressed, cytoplasmically localized IAA oxidase. Stable isotope-labeled IAA feeding studies of loss and …

A Population Of Deletion Mutants And An Integrated Mapping And Exome-Seq Pipeline For Gene Discovery In Maize, Shangang Jia, Aixia Li, Kyla Morton, Penny Avoles-Kianian, Shahryar F. Kianian, Chi Zhang, David Holding

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

To better understand maize endosperm filling and maturation, we used gamma irradiation of the B73 maize reference line to generate mutants with opaque endosperm and reduced kernel fill phenotypes, and created a population of 1788 lines including 47 Mo17 × F2s showing stable, segregating and viable kernel phenotypes. For molecular characterization of the mutants, we developed a novel functional genomics platform that combined Bulked Segregant RNA and Exome sequencing (BSREx-seq) to map causative mutations and identify candidate genes within mapping intervals. To exemplify the utility of the mutants and provide proof-ofconcept for the bioinformatics platform, we present detailed characterization of …

Comprehensive Comparative Genomic And Transcriptomic Analyses Of The Legume Genes Controlling The Nodulation Process, Zhenzhen Qiao, Lise Pingault, Mehrnoush Nourbakhsh-Rey, Marc Libault

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Nitrogen is one of the most essential plant nutrients and one of the major factors limiting crop productivity. Having the goal to perform a more sustainable agriculture, there is a need to maximize biological nitrogen fixation, a feature of legumes. To enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling the interaction between legumes and rhizobia, the symbiotic partner fixing and assimilating the atmospheric nitrogen for the plant, researchers took advantage of genetic and genomic resources developed across different legume models (e.g., Medicago truncatula, Lotus japonicus, Glycine max, and Phaseolus vulgaris) to identify key regulatory protein coding genes of the nodulation …

Comparison Of An Ultra-Low Volume (Ulv) Sprayer Against A Conventional Sprayer, For Foliar Fertiliser And Fungicide Applications In Turfgrass, Jason Connor Ferguson, Roch E. Gaussoin, John A. Eastin, Matthew D. Sousek, Greg R. Kruger

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Two field studies (I and II) at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln: John Seaton Anderson Turfgrass Research Facility near Mead, NE, USA, were conducted to determine if a new ultra-low volume (ULV) sprayer can apply foliar nutrient, growth regulator, and fungicide treatments, in a manner similar to that of a conventional sprayer. Treatments were applied over creeping bentgrass ‘L-93’ (Agrostis stolonifera L.) managed as a fairway at 561 l · ha⁻¹ and 47 l · ha⁻¹ with the conventional and ULV sprayer, respectfully. Data were collected for chlorophyll content with a chlorophyll meter, and for the normalised difference …

Estimated Costs Of Producing Hops In Nebraska, David P. Lambe, Stacy A. Adams

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Hop production opportunities exist in Nebraska given heightened interest by craft brewers for unique and locally produced hop. Farmers are additionally exploring opportunities to diversify for improved on-farm income. Strategic planning, market considerations, and having a clear plan of implementation are critical, as well as, predicting infrastructural and production costs one would expect towards planning for profitability in this specialty crop. This publication provides information on how to determine productivity, infrastructural investment, and operational costs associated with the initial development of the hop production operation.

Assessing The Use Of Food Waste Biochar As A Biodynamic Plant Fertilizer, Rachel Mazac

Departmental Honors Projects

Biochar is a charcoal-like substance produced from plant material such as food waste. Converting food waste into a useful product would mitigate environmental damage through reduced landfill inputs, reduced greenhouse gas production, and increased benefits to soils. I asked (1) if biochar improved plant growth and (2) if the effects of biochar varied among different samples of mixed food waste (batches) and between different biochar preparation times (treatments). Four independent batches of biochar were prepared with assorted, uncooked food waste collected from a university dining facility. Each batch was dried then placed in a covered ceramic pot at 260℃ for …