Other Economics Commons^™

Empirical Analysis Of Institutional Quality And Financial Development On Income Inequality In Central America, Odette Mansour

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper investigates the effect of Institutional Quality and financial development in middle income in Central American Countries. The study incorporates information about how inequality in middle income has increased alarmingly and how we should consider improving the institution's quality. The outcomes show a positive relationship between Institutional Quality and financial development regarding middle-income society in Central American Countries, specifically: Panama, Costa Rica, El Salvador, and Honduras, which is why we suggested reforming institutional in Central American countries, letting international institutions such as the World Bank, United Nations, and IMF use their financial and political influences to promote strategies aimed …

Empirical Analysis Of Nba Ticket Prices Correlation To Nba All-Stars, Michael Mcneil

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper investigates the possibility of a correlation between NBA ticket prices and if NBA All-Stars increase this cost. The model will incorporate the points, rebounds, assists, and minutes an NBA team has, the number of audience members, and how many All-Stars are at the game.

Empirical Analysis Of Nfl Ticket Price Determinants, Kenny Page

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This research paper examines the determinants of revenue for National Football League (NFL) franchises with respect to ticket prices. Using a dataset of ticket prices and various factors such as team performance, stadium capacity, market size, and team revenue, we analyze the relationship between ticket prices and a franchise’s revenue. The results align with past studies in this area of research as they indicate that past team performance and average attendance have the strongest effect on ticket prices. Additionally, the results reveal that stadium capacity and market size most significantly affect team revenue. We find that ticket prices are less …

An Empirical Analysis Of The Effects Of Government Influence On Deforestation In Latin America, Francine Roberge

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper investigates government influence and factors that may increase the rate of deforestation in Latin American countries. An empirical analysis will be conducted to measure the change in deforestation rates based on several potential influences. The analysis will look specifically at countries in Latin America that have a high level of deforestation including Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Columbia, Paraguay, Peru, and Venezuela from 1996 until 2011. Variables studied include accessibility, suitability for agriculture production, corruption perception, government effectiveness, political stability, GDP per capita, foreign direct investment, and trade openness. The results show that as more forest cover is lost, and …

Granger Causality Test For Agricultural Production To Economic Growth In Thailand, Joshua Soares

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This study will dive into looking at the relationship of GDP growth and agricultural production in Thailand. In order to complete this study, we will use a Unit Root test, a Johanson Cointegration Test, a Granger Causality test, and finally an Impulse response function. The results will be able to show us whether or not there is a causal relationship between agricultural production and GDP growth. The results of the tests showed us that our only variable that had any significance was Thailand’s Net Trade.

A Granger Causality Test On The Misery Index Effects On Domestic Violence, Talia Vicente

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper investigates the possibility of an increase in domestic violence because of high inflation and unemployment rates in the United States. Inflation and unemployment are two factors that add together to contribute to the Misery Index. This index was created in 1970 by Arthur Okan, who used the index as a measure of economic distress felt by everyday people, due to the risk of, or actual, joblessness combined with an increasing cost of living. The data is collected from 1950’s to 2019 on factors such as unemployment, inflation, poverty, education, and GDP per capita. The results show that an …

How International Trade And Government Integrity Affect The Structural Transformation Of Lao Pdr And Cambodia, Yixin Wan

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper explores the how international trade and government integrity affect the structural transformation of Lao PDR and Cambodia. This empirical study is conducted by using the methodology based on Chenery-Syrquin model with several control groups that have impacted on structural transformation in Lao PDR and Cambodia. Moreover, the obtained data is from 1993 to 2021 to find out how these two countries transform from being agriculture dominant economy to being more industry-and services-oriented economy. This study has confirmed non-linear effects of both income and population on the sectoral shares and found that trade has facilitated structural transformation in Lao …

Exploring The Relationship Between Exchange Rate Pass-Through And Cpi Inflation In Mainland China And India, Edward Zhou

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

By examining the link between exchange rate transmission and cpi inflation across countries, we investigate whether there is a considerable link between the two. In this paper, we examine data for two representative Asian countries, mainland China and India, to determine whether there is a relationship between the two. The study finds no significant link between exchange rate and cpi inflation for China by comparing 40 years of data for these two countries, but for India, there is a particularly clear link. The difference between the two is mainly due to the different exchange rate control systems implemented by the …

The Effects Of Cultural Values On Economic Growth: An Empirical Investigation, Jake Barlow

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This study explores the relationship between cultural attitudes and national GDP growth, across several countries. Data from the World Values Survey from the 2010 through 2014 and 2005-2009 wave have been utilized to determine cultural attitudes, and data from the World Bank and USAID has been utilized for building the economic growth model. The purpose of this study is to inform policy makers regarding the effects of different cultural factors and their interactions on economic growth outcomes. The main contribution of this study is the positive impact that attitudes towards the environment have on economic growth outcomes.

An Empirical Analysis Of Foreign Trade And Institutional Quality On Economic Growth In Asian Countries, Ruixi Huang

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This investigation explores the connections between foreign commerce, institutional quality, and economic growth in 11 Asian nations, utilizing panel data spanning 2000 to 2021. The countries are classified into Central Asia and Southeast Asia groups. Economic growth serves as the dependent variable, while trade openness, FDI, institutional quality, human capital, and terms of trade act as independent variables. The outcomes reveal that only total life expectancy at birth significantly influences Central Asian countries' economic growth. Furthermore, trade openness, FDI net inflows, and governance indicators considerably affect Southeast Asian nations. The results also indicate that institutional quality's impact on economic growth …

An Empirical Exploration Of U.S Healthcare Discrimination And Obesity Prevalence, Arinzechukwu Maduka

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper offers an empirical exploration of the discriminatory nature of the US healthcare system using obesity prevalence as a primary lens. The study involves an analysis of time series data sets to examine the impact of an array of both economic and lifestyle factors on obesity rates across a statewide level. In addition to discussing the current realm of literature surrounding obesity, this paper expounds upon existing empirical models. Results show that inequality and race are significant influencers of anti-black discrimination that is ever present within society.

An Empirical Analysis Of Prime Performing Age Of Nba Players; When Do They Reach Their Prime?, Tony Salameh

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This empirical research paper investigates the prime performing age of NBA players from the perspective of General Managers. The study aims to identify the age range in which players are most effective on the court and to determine if there is a significant relationship between age and player performance. Player performance statistics data was collected from ESPN and analyzed to help determine at what age players reach their prime productivity levels for a team. The findings suggest that the prime performing age of NBA players is between 27 and 31 years old, with a slight decline in performance after the …

Empirical Analysis Of Nba 2011 Cba Changes And Their Effects On Competitive Balance, Derek Smith

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper investigates the effects of the 2011 collective bargaining agreement on the competitive balance in the National Basketball Association. It illustrates how the different rules and regulations affected various factors within the sport, and in turn how these alterations affected the competitive balance of the NBA. The goal is to exemplify the importance of NBA factors in the competitive balance of the sport and prevent incorrect manipulation of the industry. The results showed that the 2011 CBA did little to none in terms of improving the level of competitive balance within the NBA. All of the factors that were …

Performance Expectancy And Use Of Social Media For Marketing By Staff Of Selected Publishing Firms In South-West, Nigeria, Osarobu E. Igudia Dr, Solomon Tosin Ogunsina Mr

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Social media are platforms through which people of the different networks create, share and exchange information, ideas and also market products such as books in a virtual community. They are instruments for communication that do not just pass information but interact with customers. Since many benefits are derivable from the use of social media for marketing, it becomes imperative to investigate how book marketers use social media to achieve the objectives of their organisations. This study adopted a descriptive research design of correlational type. The population of the study was 212 marketing and sales staff of selected publishing firms. The …

Unchallenged Myth: Abolish The Family And Structure, Julian Barocas

Richard T. Schellhase Essay Prize in Ethics

There are aspects of society we are taught not to question: government, education, capitalism. These are portrayed as immutable truths that, if presented with a gap in their logical system, are dependent on sidestepping them, referring to the aforementioned immutability, and relying on the status quo to keep their position as societal structures. Sophie Lewis’s most recent case for phasing out the nuclear family structure, Abolish the Family: A Manifesto for Care, demonstrates how the family is another one of these seemingly universal concepts. The unacknowledged reality of the family is historically one a tool of control rather than …

The Economics Of Mass Incarceration: How Imprisonment Due To Drug Offenses Impacts The Economy Of Texas, Leah N. Letterhos

Senior Theses

I begin by addressing drug use and how it impacts individuals’ economic outcomes, through psychological substance abuse disorders, income, and employment, where I discuss how each factor is impacted by drug use. Next, I undergo the same process for how incarceration and how it affects economic outcomes of individuals, through the debt cycle, the drain of household resources, limited/lack of pay while in prison, and difficulty in finding employment after release from prison. I follow this by connecting incarceration to drug use by writing about the background on the United States’ incarceration rates and link to drug enforcement and systemic …

Deciding For Others: Local Public Good Contributions With Intermediaries, Andrej Angelovski, Praveen Kujal, Christos Mavridis

ESI Working Papers

Given the prevalence of local public goods, whose broader use is often limited by distance and borders, we propose a potential solution to the free-riding problem by having each participant/beneficiary delegate the public good contribution decision to a non-local intermediary who neither puts in own endowment into the public good nor benefits from it. Intermediaries make decisions under two compensation mechanisms where the incentives for the intermediary are either non-aligned (fixed) or aligned (variable) with those of the beneficiary. We find that the use of intermediaries, regardless of whether their compensation is aligned or not with that of the beneficiary, …

Atherosclerosis In Indigenous Tsimane: A Contemporary Perspective, Randall C. Thompson, Gregory S. Thomas, Angela D. Neuneubel, Ashna Mahadev, Benjamin Trumble, Edmond Seabright, Daniel K. Cummings, Jonathan Stieglitz, Michael Gurven, Hillard Kaplan

ESI Publications

The Horus and other research teams have found that atherosclerosis is not uncommon in ancient people through the study of their mummified remains (Murphy et al., 2003; Allam et al., 2009, 2011; Thompson et al., 2013, 2014). However, some have postulated that traditional hunter-gatherers are in some ways healthier than modern people and that they had very little atherosclerotic disease (O’Keefe et al., 2010). The aim of this study was to evaluate the burden of atherosclerosis in a population alive today but living a traditional lifestyle similar to that experienced by past populations. This led to the Tsimane Health and …

The Policy Of Plastic Waste Reduction: A Case Of Kanagawa Zero Plastic Waste Declaration, Yoshiyuki Nobusawa

Japanese Society and Culture

Marine plastics and microplastics become the global problem. In Japan the mandatory charge for a plastic bag was introduced as the plastic measure. Kanagawa Prefecture, located in Japan's metropolitan area, has implemented advanced plastic measures. Therefore, this paper considers Kanagawa zero plastic waste declaration and the efforts of local governments concurring with the approved. Therefore, this paper considers Kanagawa zero plastic waste declaration and the efforts of the local government approving．Kanagawa is divided into four areas: urban areas, coastal areas, inland, and mountainous region. This paper analyzes the method for zero plastic waste.

Brain Volume, Energy Balance, And Cardiovascular Health In Two Nonindustrial South American Populations, Hillard Kaplan, Paul L. Hooper, Margaret Gatz, Wendy J. Mack, E. Meng Law, Helena C. Chui, M. Linda Sutherland, James D. Sutherland, Christopher J. Rowan, L. Samuel Wann, Adel H. Allam, Randall C. Thompson, David E. Michalik, Guido Lombardi, Michael I. Miyamoto, Daniel Eid Rodriguez, Juan Copajira Adrian, Raul Quispe Gutierrez, Bret A. Beheim, Daniel K. Cummings, Edmond Seabright, Sarah Alami, Angela R. Garcia, Kenneth Buetow, Gregory S. Thomas, Caleb E. Finch, Jonathan Stieglitz, Benjamin C. Trumble, Michael D. Gurven, Andrei Irimia

ESI Publications

Little is known about brain aging or dementia in nonindustrialized environments that are similar to how humans lived throughout evolutionary history. This paper examines brain volume (BV) in middle and old age among two indigenous South American populations, the Tsimane and Moseten, whose lifestyles and environments diverge from those in high-income nations. With a sample of 1,165 individuals aged 40 to 94, we analyze population differences in cross-sectional rates of decline in BV with age. We also assess the relationships of BV with energy biomarkers and arterial disease and compare them against findings in industrialized contexts. The analyses test three …

Choice Flexibility And Long-Run Cooperation, Gabriele Camera, Jaehong Kim, David Rojo Arjona

ESI Working Papers

Cooperation does not empirically scale when strangers confront indefinitely repeated social dilemmas—despite its incentive-compatibility. Here, we investigate if an intervention can mitigate this problem: expanding the action set with partial cooperation choices. Although standard theory predicts no effect, adding interior choices to a rigid binary-choice game often boosted cooperation and efficiency in the laboratory. Under some conditions, groups of strangers achieved outcomes close to those observed in pairs of partners—where adding interior choices, instead, was inconsequential. This suggests that choice rigidities can hinder long-run cooperation.

Connecting Higher Education To Workplace Activities And Earnings, Hung Chau, Sarah H. Bana, Baptiste Bouvier, Morgan R. Frank

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

Higher education is a source of skill acquisition for many middle- and high-skilled jobs. But what specific skills do universities impart on students to prepare them for desirable careers? In this study, we analyze a large novel corpora of over one million syllabi from over eight hundred bachelors’ granting US educational institutions to connect material taught in higher education to the detailed work activities in the US economy as reported by the US Department of Labor. First, we show how differences in taught skills both within and between college majors correspond to earnings differences of recent graduates. Further, we use …

Cross-Quality Impacts Of Ncaa Division I Baseball And Softball, Laura Beaudin

Economics Faculty Journal Articles

Fifty years after Title IX, inequalities still exist between men's and women's sports. Most sport studies still fail to examine women's sports. This study explores the cross-quality impacts of Division I baseball and softball teams. The softball team win percentage is positively related to softball and baseball game attendance. However, models produce mixed results for the impact of the quality of the baseball team. Therefore, improving the strength of the softball team could increase softball and baseball game attendance, while improving the strength of the baseball team might only increase attendance at baseball games.

Public Distrust, Political Participation, And The Role Of Student Government, Christine Trinh

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

The turn of the 21st century presented a government led by public distrust. More and more people are growing skeptical of the government due to its previous actions, as well as overall longstanding disdain and misinformation, passed on through generations. Like many other fields, political participation is expected to be heavily influenced by rising public distrust in the government. However, there is hope in mitigating public distrust to increase political participation. Previous studies have proven civic engagement, specifically in student government at the collegiate level, leads to creating higher public trust and a wealth of political understanding and knowledge. We …

Failed Secular Revolutions: Religious Belief, Competition, And Extremism, Jean-Paul Carvalho, Jared Rubin, Michael Sacks

ESI Working Papers

All advanced economies have undergone secular revolutions in which religious belief and institutions have been subordinated to secular forms of authority. There are, however, numerous examples of failed secular transitions. To understand these failures, we present a religious club model with endogenous entry and cultural transmission of religious beliefs. A spike in the demand for religious belief, due for example to a negative economic shock, induces a new and more extreme organization to enter the religious market and exploit the dissatisfaction of highly religious types with the religious incumbent. The eect is larger where institutional secularization is more advanced, for …

Introducing New Forms Of Digital Money: Evidence From The Laboratory, Gabriele Camera

ESI Publications

Central banks may soon issue currencies that are entirely digital (CBDCs) and possibly interest bearing. A strategic analytical framework is used to investigate this innovation in the laboratory, contrasting a traditional “plain” tokens baseline to treatments with “sophisticated” interest-bearing tokens. In the experiment, this theoretically beneficial innovation precluded the emergence of a stable monetary system, reducing trade and welfare. Similar problems emerged when sophisticated tokens complemented or replaced plain tokens. This evidence underscores the advantages of combining theoretical with experimental investigation to provide insights for payments systems innovation and policy design.

Session 7: Would Ai Stocks Estimate Be As Surprised To Usda Stock Reports As Private Market Analysts?, Asif Mahmud Chowdhury, Matthew Elliott

SDSU Data Science Symposium

Would AI Stocks Estimate Be as Surprised to USDA Stock Reports as Private Market Analysts?

Keywords: Machine Learning, Random Forest, Agricultural Commodities Market, Informational Impact, Efficient Market Hypothesis.

The USDA survey-based Quarterly Grain Stocks reports are the primary source of information regarding the relative supply of U.S. corn, soybeans, and wheat for the last fifty years. Previous research has examined the accuracy of the USDA stock reports and their relevancy to the market, given alternative sources of estimates (e.g., Isengildina-Massa et al., 2021). For example, private industry analysts also estimate expected quarterly grain stock reports before USDA releases their reports. …

Competing Social Influence In Contested Diffusion: Luther, Erasmus And The Spread Of The Protestant Reformation, Sascha O. Becker, Steven Pfaff, Yuan Hsiao, Jared Rubin

ESI Working Papers

The spread of radical institutional change does not often result from one-sided pro-innovation influence; countervailing influence networks in support of the status quo can suppress adoption. We develop a model of multiple and competing network diffusion. To apply the contested-diffusion model to real data, we look at the contest between Martin Luther and Desiderius Erasmus, the two most influential intellectuals of early 16th-century Central Europe. Whereas Luther championed a radical reform of the Western Church that broke with Rome, Erasmus opposed him, stressing the unity of the Church. In the early phase of the Reformation, these two figures utilized influence …

An Experimental Test Of Algorithmic Dismissals, Brice Corgnet

ESI Working Papers

We design a laboratory experiment in which a human or an algorithm decides which of two workers to dismiss. The algorithm automatically dismisses the least productive worker whereas human bosses have full discretion over their decisions. Using performance metrics and questionnaires, we find that fired workers react more negatively to human than to algorithmic decisions in a broad range of tasks. We show that spitefulness exacerbated this negative reaction. Our findings suggest algorithms could help tame negative reactions to dismissals.

How Nonmarket Externalities Affect The U.S. Business Dynamism: An Economic Approach To Drug Epidemic, Chukwudi Ikwueze

Pennsylvania Economic Review

Businesses thrive best in an environment devoid of constraints, including those resulting from third-party activities with longstanding economic underpinnings. While existing research has extensively explored how costs and benefits emanating from businesses affect third parties, in the form of market externality, little attention has been given to understanding how costs and benefits arising from third-party activities influence businesses. To fill this gap, this paper aims to introduce the concept of nonmarket externality, which represents the influence of third-party activities on businesses, and use it to examine whether third-party activities associated with the drug epidemic influence the U.S. business dynamism. The …