Environmental Health and Protection Commons^™

The Role Of Market Transfers In The Accommodation Of New Uses: A Case Study Of The Truckee-Carson Basin, A. Dan Tarlock

Moving the West's Water to New Uses: Winners and Losers (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

31 pages (includes 1 map).

Evaluating Judicial Capacity To Determine Public Welfare Values In Water Transfers, Charles T. Dumars

Moving the West's Water to New Uses: Winners and Losers (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

31 pages (includes illustrations).

Contains references.

The Role Of The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission In Protecting Non-Consumptive Water Uses, Peter J. Kirsch, J. Barton Seitz

Moving the West's Water to New Uses: Winners and Losers (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

55 pages.

Sources Of Water I: Agriculture – The Deep Pool?, Bonnie G. Colby

Moving the West's Water to New Uses: Winners and Losers (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

34 pages (includes illustration).

Contains 2 pages of references.

Urban Water Conservation: The Last Water Hole Or Mostly A Mirage?, Gary C. Woodward

Moving the West's Water to New Uses: Winners and Losers (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

28 pages.

Contains references.

Agenda: Moving The West's Water To New Uses: Winners And Losers, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Moving the West's Water to New Uses: Winners and Losers (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

Conference organizers and/or faculty included University of Colorado Law School professors Lawrence J. MacDonnell and Mark Squillace.

Moving the West's Water to New Uses: Winners and Losers will be the theme for this year's water conference, June 6-8 at the Law School in Boulder. The conference will consider the changing demands for water in the West and the need to reallocate a portion of the existing uses of water to new uses.

The first day will provide the background by looking at the most likely sources of water to meet these demands, including agriculture, federal water projects, interstate transfers, and …

Changing Demand For Water In The West, Kenneth D. Frederick

Moving the West's Water to New Uses: Winners and Losers (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

19 pages.

Contains references.

Sources Of Water Iii: Interstate Transfers, Clyde O. Martz

Moving the West's Water to New Uses: Winners and Losers (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

35 pages.

Contains references.

Update On Market Strategies For The Protection Of Western Instream Flows And Wetlands, Robert Wigington

Moving the West's Water to New Uses: Winners and Losers (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

49 pages.

Contains references.

Shifting The Uses Of Water In The West: An Overview, Lawrence J. Macdonnell

Moving the West's Water to New Uses: Winners and Losers (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

31 pages.

Contains references.

Sources Of Water Ii: Federal Water Projects, Bruce C. Driver

Moving the West's Water to New Uses: Winners and Losers (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

46 pages.

Contains references.

Hawaiians Fight For The Rainforest, Paul Faulstich

Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research

On March 25, 141 were arrested as part of the largest demonstration yet against the drilling of geothermal wells in the Wao Kele O Puna Rainforest on the Big Island of Hawaii. The geothermal project, undertaken by True Geothermal Company and endorsed by Hawaii's governor and other high-powered, short-sighted people, has already invaded the largest intact tropical lowland rainforest in the United States. The demonstration drew over 1500 protesters,

Enhancement And Monitoring Of The Procambarus Clarkii Population In Lake Mead, Mikell Beth Hager

Publications (WR)

Procambarus clarkii are found in extremely low numbers throughout Lake Mead, AZ-NV. The crayfish are an important dietary component for game fish. Enhancement of the crayfish population would broaden the fishery forage base. Crayfish were stocked and monitored in a study cove on Saddle Island to determine if the Procambarus clarkii population could be enhanced. A trapping survey of the area after the following reproductive season yielded low numbers of crayfish. A comparison of pre-stocking and post-stocking catch per trap day (CPTD) values revealed no significant increase in the population. Procambarus clarkii growth is limited by environmental factors in Lake …

A “Drastic” Evaluation Of The Ground-Water Pollution Potential Of Karst Terrain: Lost River Ground-Water Basin, Warren County, Kentucky, David Baize

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Karst terrains, such as the Lost River Karst Ground-Water Basin, are extremely vulnerable to ground-water contamination. Seven physical factors: depth to water, recharge, aquifer media, soil media, topography, impact of the vadose zone, and hydraulic conductivity, are evaluated using the DRASTIC system to determine the ground-water pollution potential of the study area. A numerical value is calculated for each of the seven factors, and a map layer for each factor is produced. These layers are then “added” together to produce a DRASTIC ground-water pollution potential map. The effectiveness of each factor in evaluating the pollution potential of karst terrain is …

Warfarin Resistance Of Rattus Tiomanicus In Oil Palms In Malaysia And The Associated Increase Of Rattus Diardii, B. J. Wood, G. F. Chung

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Rattus tiomanicus is a serious pest of oil palm plantations in Peninsular Malaysia, feeding on the ripening fruit. R. diardii is a rat of human habitations and has been only an occasional field species, presumably because it cannot compete with better adapted species. A widely used control for R. tiomanicus of proven effectiveness uses maize-based baits containing warfarin at 0.05% in 2 cm³ (14.5 g) wax-bound cubes. These are applied in campaigns at one per palm, replaced on 4 daily rounds, until acceptance has declined to 20%. This "standard method" is applied at about 6-month intervals, and …

Politics And Economics Of Maintaining Pesticide Registrations, Kathleen A. Fagerstone, Roger W. Bullard, Craig A. Ramey

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) was amended in 1988 to require the reregistration of all pesticides registered before 1984 within 9 years. The FIFRA 88 required that all pesticide active ingredients must meet current registration standards, suspended the previous fee structure, and imposed a one-time registration fee and annual maintenance fees. New data generated because of FIFRA 88 must conform to EPA's Good Laboratory Practice Standards and animal studies must follow guidelines of the Animal Welfare Act. FIFRA 88 has significantly increased data requirements, data costs, and other pesticide registration and reregistration costs for most pesticides. The …

The Evolution Of Vertebrate Pest Management--The Species Versus Systems Approach, Scott E. Hygnstrom

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Wildlife management has evolved through a series of stages, with early efforts directed toward individual species. Since the late 1800s, however, more wildlife applications have incorporated a systems approach, where communities are managed to promote the quality, quantity, and fitness of most associated species. Vertebrate pest management has followed a similar course of development, although it has lagged behind in addressing the concept of systems management. I propose that a systems approach to vertebrate pest management should include the consideration of all potential problem species of an area or situation and should integrate damage prevention and control strategies that minimize …

A Review Of Falconry As A Bird-Hazing Technique, William A. Erickson, Rex E. Marsh, Terrell P. Salmon

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

The use of trained falcons and hawks for dispersing pest birds has been mainly limited to airports in Europe and, to a lesser extent, in North America to prevent bird/aircraft strikes. The peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) and the goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) are the raptors used most often. These trained birds can effectively disperse gulls (Larus spp. ) and a variety of other pest bird species, although other bird-scaring methods are often equally or more effective and economical. Because of the scarcity of trained raptors and handlers, their use is limited to special situations such as …

Field Trial Of A Cpt-Avicide Aerial Spray, Jon F. Heisterberg, John L. Cummings, George M. Linz, Edward Knittle, Thomas W. Seamans, Paul P. Woronecki

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

A 2.2 ha-cedar and mixed deciduous tree woodlot in Crawford, Mississippi, harboring 330,000 blackbirds (Icterinae) and European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) was aerially sprayed by helicopter the night of 1 March 1989 with 1050 1 of a CPT-avicide formulation at a rate of 49 kg CPT/ha. Most mortality occurred within 36 h of treatment. Mortality in the roost was 3% of the pretreatment population. No reliable technique to estimate out-of-roost mortality was identified. Pilot misapplication and probable CPT volatilization of the spray formulation contributed to the low mortality. Only 1 of 37 radiotagged blackbirds using the roost the night …

How Animal Control Improves Animal Welfare, Walter E. Howard

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

The balance of nature requires a balanced predator-prey relationship. In agriculture or urban areas the natural predator-prey balance is disrupted because the habitats have been altered and, for the protection of livestock (and for humans in case of grizzly bears, lions, and wolves), the large carnivores have usually been displaced. Consequently, in these altered environments to prevent crop depredations, to keep other vertebrate species in balance with their environment, and to protect some endangered species, people must manage the wildlife. This often means that for the welfare of animals people have to become predators to assist nature. Fortunately, from an …

Controlling Vertebrate Animal Damage In Southern Pines, Jeffrey J. Jackson

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Certain mammals and birds may damage or destroy southern pines, causing economic losses in intensively cultured areas such as seed orchards and nurseries. Mammal pests may eat seeds; tunnel, dislodging seedlings, or chew on roots; or girdle, debark, or sever stems or branches. Bird pests may eat seeds or excavate holes in the tree trunks. The first important step is to identify the pest(s) from the damage left behind. Thereafter, various control options-from using traps and repellents to altering habitat-are available.

Its A Fact! Its A Phact!, Harlan R. Shuhler

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

To reduce the costs of providing development assistance in agriculture to the people in the Developing Countries, an international "Post-Harvest Agriculture Computer Teleconference" has been available now for more than 15 months. Suitably supplemented with electronic computer communications networks and their E-mail, these tools allow relatively inexpensive assistance. This combination offers many advantages to the organizations offering assistance and those needing help.

Roaming, Stray, And Feral Domestic Cats And Dogs As Wildlife Problems, Bessel D. Van't Woudt

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

From several centers of domestication, cats and dogs have become the near-ubiquitous companion of man. Their dependence on man is such that when abandoned in a rural environment most succumb to malnutrition in combination with predation, diseases, parasites, and exposure. Where not subject to predation and where native or introduced prey is adequate, some survive to form feral populations. This applies on oceanic islands, in Australia and New Zealand. Elsewhere, as far as is known today, requirements for survival are met with in parts of the U.S. and Europe only, in remote wilderness areas in the case of dogs, and …

Closing Remarks For The Fourteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference, John E. Borrecco

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

This concludes the 14th Vertebrate Pest Conference. Before my closing remarks, let us acknowledge the excellent job done by our session chairpersons and speakers.

For your information, we had 345 people registered at the conference, representing 37 states and 11 other countries.

I first attended the Vertebrate Pest Conference some 14 years ago at the 7th Conference. At that time I was impressed with the breadth of subjects presented, the international scope, the professional exchange of information, and the opportunity to meet noted experts in vertebrate pest control. Since that meeting, I have always looked forward to the next conference …

Predator Control For The Protection Of Endangered Species In California, Peter H. Butchko

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

In recent years, wildlife agencies in California have concluded that predators are limiting factors to the recovery of several endangered species, namely the San Joaquin kit fox (Vulpes macrotis mutica), California least tern (Sterna antillarum browni). and desert tortoise (Xerobates agassizii). As a result, separate control programs for the protection of these species have been undertaken by U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Animal Damage Control (ADC) in cooperation with State and Federal agencies. Aspects of control activities of avian and/or mammalian predators of each project are discussed.

Efficacy Of Compound 1080 Livestock Protection Collars For Killing Coyotes That Attack Sheep, Guy Connolly, Richard J. Burns

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Efficacy of Compound 1080 LP Collars was studied under pen and field conditions. Coyotes poisoned themselves by attacking collared sheep and biting the collars. In 54 pen tests where 1 or 2 captive coyotes had opportunity to attack 1 collared lamb, 41 lambs were attacked and 26 collars were punctured. Of 25 different coyotes offered lambs with collars containing 5 or 10 mg sodium fluoroacetate (FAC)/ml, 23 coyotes attacked and 21 died after collars were punctured in their first (n = 17), second (n = 3), or fifth (n = 1) test. For 11 captive coyotes that punctured rubber collars, …

Lyme Disease, With Emphasis On The Western U.S., And Its Relationship To Wildlife (Abstract Only), Robert S. Lane

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

In the western United States, Lyme disease has been reported primarily from the three Pacific states, especially California, and sporadically or not at all from various mountain states. In California, surveillance for Lyme disease was initiated in 1983, but it was not made a reportable disease in this state until 1989. Nevertheless, approximately 400 human cases were reported by California State Health authorities between 1983 and 1987. In 1982, I began studying the ecology and epidemiology of Lyme disease in the far-western United States in collaboration with Dr. Willy Burgdorfer of the Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, Montana, and others. The …

Survey Of Rodent And Rabbit Damage To Alfalfa Hay In Nevada, Steven R. Lewis, John M. O'Brien

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

A survey of alfalfa hay producers was conducted to characterize vertebrate pest problems in Nevada alfalfa hay and help attract research funding. Damage to alfalfa hay by pocket gophers (Thomomvs spp), ground squirrels (Spermophilus spp), black-tailed jackrabbits (Lepus californicus) and meadow voles (Microtus montanus) was assessed. Presence of vertebrate pests along with a ranking of cost-related problems they pose to alfalfa hay operations was determined. Pocket gophers were the most costly pest followed by ground squirrels, jackrabbits, and meadow voles. The number one problem caused by vertebrate pests was identified to be a decrease …

Bird Control On Containment Pond Sites, Lee R. Martin, Sam Hagar

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Bird deaths resulting from toxic materials in containment ponds are causing authorities to insist that action be taken to eliminate this hazard to avian wildlife. Bird control at containment pond sites is achieved by two well-known but poorly understood aversion techniques: hazing systems (sound/visual) and stretch wire. The limiting condition of either approach is that resident birds rapidly habituate while some migrating species are totally unaffected. Consequently, one must be able to accept degrees of control with an understanding of the behavior of the species involved. Birdproofing is achieved by covering an entire pond with bird net. This presentation discusses …

Wild Hog Management Program At Great Smoky Mountains National Park, John D. Peine, Jane Allen Farmer

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Over the last 30 years the wild hog population control program at Great Smoky Mountains National Park has experienced steady growth. The evolution has been relatively slow, and it was not until the latter part of the 1980s that sufficient funds were available to make a serious attempt at control measures. Over the years, the research program has focused on the biology of the wild hog; its reproductive rate; feeding and movement patterns; and its impact on the fauna, flora, and soils of the park. In addition, a major project was conducted to evaluate attractants and baits to increase the …