Computer Sciences Commons^™

Applications Of Neural Networks In Parkinson’S Disease Diagnosis, Saladin Minhaaj

Theses

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex and debilitating neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and management of PD. This thesis explores the application of neural networks in PD diagnosis, leveraging their ability to learn patterns from large datasets and make accurate predictions.

Thesis provides an overview of PD, including its symptoms, diagnosis, and current challenges in diagnosis. We then delve into the fundamentals of neural networks, including supervised learning, mathematical interpretations, and parametric models. This research focuses on the development of neural network models that can accurately diagnose PD …

The Impact Of Student Engagement Activities On Future Climate Change Adaptation: The Case Of Student Simulation Models, Bassel Mostafa Elkalaf

Future Journal of Social Science

This paper explores the critical role of student engagement in addressing the growing challenges of climate change, with a focus on the Model United Nations (MUN) as a case study. As climate-related security threats increase globally, educational platforms that prepare youth for effective leadership in climate politics are more essential than ever. MUN, a widely practiced student activity simulating global policy-making, provides a valuable opportunity for students to deepen their understanding of the interconnectedness between climate change, peace, and security. By participating in MUN simulations, students engage in debates, develop innovative solutions, and practice diplomatic skills, all while exploring the …

Why Linear Faults Have Fewer Earthquakes: A Geometric Explanation, Julio C. Urenda, Aaron Velasco, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Earthquakes usually occur in the vicinity of fault lines. Until recently, geophysical analysis implied that the fault shape should not strongly affect the frequency of its earthquakes. However, recent statistical analysis has shown that faults whose shape is close to linear experience much fewer earthquakes than faults of more complex shape. Based on this empirical fact, researchers have adjusted the corresponding geophysical models, so the updated models do explain this newly discovered phenomenon. The experience of geophysics shows that the updated model will probably need to be updated again when new data appears. It is therefore desirable to come up …

Fair Economic Division: How To Modify Shapley Value To Take Into Account That Different People Have Different Productivity, Christian Servin, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Purpose: When several participants, working together, gained some amount of money, what is the fair way to distribute this amount between them? This is the problem that the future Nobelist Lloyd Shapley was working on when he proposed what is now called the Shapley value -- a division uniquely determined by natural fairness assumptions. However, this solutions is not universal: it assumes that all participants are equal -- in particular, that they have equal productivity. In practice, people have different productivity levels, and these productivity levels can differ a lot: e.g., some software engineers are several times more productive than …

How Shapley Value And Its Generalizations Can Help In The Analysis Of Complex Engineering Systems And What Next, Niklas Winnewisser, Michael Beer, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

For a complex engineering system -- such as a city's street network -- it is important to predict how its functionality is decreased when some of these components break down, and, if repairs are needed and repairs budget is limited, which subset of the set of components should be repaired first to maximize the resulting functionality. For systems with a large number of components, the number of possible subsets is astronomical, we cannot try to simulate all these subsets. So, the natural idea is to approximate the actual dependence of functionality on the subset by a simple expression -- linear …

What Is Optimal Granularity When Estimating Reliability Of A Complex Engineering Systems, Niklas Winnewisser, Michael Beer, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

For complex engineering systems, the usual way to estimate their reliability is to run simulations. If the resulting estimate does not satisfy the desired reliability level, we must replace some components with more reliable and again run simulations. This can take several iterations, so the required computation time often becomes unrealistically long. It is known that it is possible to speed up computations if components belong to a few types, and components of each type are identical. So, a natural idea to deal with the general case is to use the general granularity idea, i.e., to group components with similar …

Universal Shape Replication Via Self-Assembly With Signal-Passing Tiles, Andrew Alseth, Daniel Hader, Matthew J. Patitz

Computer Science and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this paper, we investigate shape-assembling power of a tile-based model of self-assembly called the Signal-Passing Tile Assembly Model (STAM). In this model, the glues that bind tiles together can be turned on and off by the binding actions of other glues via “signals”. Specifically, the problem we investigate is “shape replication” wherein, given a set of input assemblies of arbitrary shape, a system must construct an arbitrary number of assemblies with the same shapes and, with the exception of size-bounded junk assemblies that result from the process, no others. We provide the first fully universal shape replication result, namely …

Grosafe: In-Classroom Technology-Enabled Solution To Build Societal Resilience Against Child Grooming, Christina Thorpe, Fiona Jennings

Conference Papers

GroSafe is an innovative initiative developed by TU Dublin in partnership with the ISPCC to address the critical issue of child grooming. By leveraging cutting-edge digital technologies, GroSafe focuses on educating children, caregivers, and educators to recognise, report, and prevent grooming behaviours. It integrates a 3D educational gaming environment with adaptive learning tools, enabling safe and effective engagement for children, including those with diverse learning needs. Designed to align with Ireland’s SPHE curriculum, GroSafe empowers schools and communities to tackle grooming through early intervention and resilience building.

Using Llms To Establish Implicit User Sentiment Of Software Desirability, Sherri Weitl-Harms, John D. Hastings, Jonah Lum

Research & Publications

This study explores the use of LLMs for providing quantitative zero-shot sentiment analysis of implicit software desirability, addressing a critical challenge in product evaluation where traditional review scores, though convenient, fail to capture the richness of qualitative user feedback. Innovations include establishing a method that 1) works with qualitative user experience data without the need for explicit review scores, 2) focuses on implicit user satisfaction, and 3) provides scaled numerical sentiment analysis, offering a more nuanced understanding of user sentiment, instead of simply classifying sentiment as positive, neutral, or negative.

Data is collected using the Microsoft Product Desirability Toolkit (PDT), …

Classroom To Console, Ashton Headley

ART 108: Introduction to Games Studies

In an era where technology is continuously growing and intertwined into daily life, the field of education has seen drastic changes and innovation. Including changes we see today, with the ability to connect to class online, procter tests, submit assignments etc. And amongst these innovations, educational games have surfaced as a resource for helping learners across various age groups. By merging entertainment/gamification with educational content, these games offer an interactive and entertaining approach to acquiring knowledge and learning essential or non-essential skills. Whether it is implemented in classrooms, workplaces, or home settings, educational games are transforming the educational environment effectively …

Ethics And Environmental Impact Of Video Games, Anushka Chokshi

ART 108: Introduction to Games Studies

As video games grow in popularity, concerns regarding their ethical and environmental implications are brought up. While once, topics like their impact on child development or harm to Earth might have been considered minor or irrelevant, these concerns are now voiced in numerous articles across the internet, amplifying the urgency to develop games in an ethical context before matters are blown out of proportion. For the purposes of exploring both past and present views, this work draws from older and newer sources surrounding many topics on the idea of game development in the video game industry. Essentially, video game development …

Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach Based On Correlation Coefficient For Multi-Polar Interval-Valued Neutrosophic Soft Set, Hamza Naveed, Saalam Ali

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

The correlation coefficient between two factors is crucial in statistical computation, indicating the extent and evolution of the appropriate link. The precision of applicability evaluations frequently relies on the thoroughness and caliber of data obtained from a certain dataset. Statistical research sometimes entails data marked by intrinsic trade-offs and uncertainty. This study seeks to present m-polar interval-valued neutrosophic soft sets (mPIVNSSs) through the integration of m-polar fuzzy sets with interval-valued neutrosophic soft sets. The suggested mPIVNSS structure is a significantly generalized version of m-polar neutrosophic soft sets and serves as a substantial extension of interval-valued neutrosophic soft sets. In this …

Neutrosophic Cox Proportional Hazards Model For Robust Variable Selection In Survival Analysis, Ibrahim Yasser, Aya A. Abd El-Khalek, A. A. Salama, Doaa A. Abdo

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

This paper introduces a novel approach for variable selection in survival analysis by integrating neutrosophic logic into the Cox Proportional Hazards (Cox PH) model to address the limitations of recent studies related to high dimensionality. Neutrosophic logic, is a mathematical framework that allows for uncertainty, indeterminacy, and inconsistency, and particularly well suited for handling the complexity and often-ambiguous nature of biological data. By incorporating neutrosophic sets into the Cox PH model, we aim to enhance model robustness, improve variable selection, and address the curse of dimensionality. We compare the performance of the neutrosophic-enhanced Cox PH model with traditional variable selection …

On Neutrosophic Pδs-Irresolute Functions In Neutrosophic Topological Spaces, Bishnupada Debnath, Anjan Mukherjee

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

In general topology the notion of pds-irresolute and aδs-irresolute functions were introduced by Beceren and Noiri. In the present paper, these concepts of pδs-irresolute (briefly, Npδs-irresolute) and aδs-irresolute (briefly, Naδs-irresolute) functions are explored for the first time in neutrosophic topological spaces (NTS) as generalized version. We proved that every Naδs-irresolute function is Npδs-irresolute function but not conversely. Some characterizations, counter examples, and fundamental features are also presented. By neutrosophic pre-open, neutrosophic δ-open, and neutrosophic δ-semi-open sets, some new fundamental properties of such functions are provided. Furthermore, under Npδs-irresolute functions, the behavior of neutrosophic semi-connected, neutrosophic pre-connected, neutrosophic pre-T2, neutrosophic δ-semi-T2, …

Analysis Of Bck/Bci-Algebras Based On Bipolar Complex Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Ideals, Zeeshan Ali

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

In this article, we design an informative and reliable technique of bipolar complex intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets with numerous operational laws by merging the model of soft sets, complex fuzzy sets, and bipolar intuitionistic fuzzy sets to handle imprecise data. In addition, an ideal in a BCK-algebra is derived based on bipolar complex intuitionistic fuzzy soft set theory are proposed which can capture the information of hesitancy, vagueness, and non-membership information within the circumstance of BCK-algebra. Moreover, we design union, intersection, AND, and OR based on bipolar complex intuitionistic fuzzy soft ideal and simplify it with the help of numerous …

Comparative Analysis Of Multi-Criteria Techniques In Neutrosophic Environment And Their Applications To Economic Condition Assessment, Asmaa Elsayed, Mai Mohamed

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

In economic decision-making, the challenge of evaluating multiple, often conflicting criteria necessitates advanced Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) techniques. Traditional methods can struggle with the inherent uncertainty, ambiguity, and imprecision of real-world data. This paper addresses these challenges by investigating the effectiveness of various MCDM techniques within neutrosophic environments, with a particular focus on the Criteria-wise Alternatives Ranking and Correlation Analysis for Composite Scoring (CARCACS) method. Neutrosophic sets, which incorporate truth, falsity, and indeterminacy, provide a robust framework for addressing the vagueness and inconsistencies found in economic indicators such as GDP growth, employment levels, inflation rates, trade balances, investment activity, and government …

Toward An Insider Threat Education Platform: A Theoretical Literature Review, Haywood Gelman, John D. Hastings, David Kenley, Eleanor Loiacono

Research & Publications

Insider threats (InTs) within organizations are small in number but have a disproportionate ability to damage systems, information, and infrastructure. Existing InT research studies the problem from psychological, technical, and educational perspectives. Proposed theories include research on psychological indicators, machine learning, user behavioral log analysis, and educational methods to teach employees recognition and mitigation techniques. Because InTs are a human problem, training methods that address InT detection from a behavioral perspective are critical. While numerous technological and psychological theories exist on detection, prevention, and mitigation, few training methods prioritize psychological indicators. This literature review studied peer-reviewed, InT research organized by …

Safeguarding Virtual Healthcare: A Novel Attacker-Centric Model For Data Security And Privacy, Suvineetha Herath, Haywood Gelman, John Hastings, Yong Wang

Research & Publications

The rapid growth of remote healthcare delivery has introduced significant security and privacy risks to protected health information (PHI). Analysis of a comprehensive healthcare security breach dataset covering 2009-2023 reveals their significant prevalence and impact. This study investigates the root causes of such security incidents and introduces the Attacker-Centric Approach (ACA), a novel threat model tailored to protect PHI. ACA addresses limitations in existing threat models and regulatory frameworks by adopting a holistic attacker-focused perspective, examining threats from the viewpoint of cyber adversaries, their motivations, tactics, and potential attack vectors. Leveraging established risk management frameworks, ACA provides a multi-layered approach …

(R2101) Analysis Of Map/Ph/1 Queueing Inventory System With Two Commodity, Working Vacation, (S, S) Replenishment Policy, Essential And Optional Repair, G. Ayyappan, N. Arulmozhi

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

We examine a queueing inventory model with single server which can offer two types of inventory items: main item (commodity I) and complementary item (commodity II). We assume both commodities have a finite capacity Si, i = 1, 2. Customers reach the system by following the Markovian arrival process (MAP). The service times are considered to be phase-type (PH) distribution. We have considered no customer in the system, even inventory level is positive; the server will start the working vacation, and any customer that arrives during working vacation, the server provides slow service. If an item is not available, the …

Microsegmented Cloud Network Architecture Using Open-Source Tools For A Zero Trust Foundation, Sunil Arora, John Hastings

Research & Publications

This paper presents a multi-cloud networking architecture built on zero trust principles and micro-segmentation to provide secure connectivity with authentication, authorization, and encryption in transit. The proposed design includes the multi-cloud network to support a wide range of applications and workload use cases, compute resources including containers, virtual machines, and cloud-native services, including IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service), PaaS (Platform as a service). Furthermore, open-source tools provide flexibility, agility, and independence from locking to one vendor technology. The paper provides a secure architecture with micro-segmentation and follows zero trust principles to solve multi-fold security and operational challenges.

Is Energy Local? Counterintuitive Non-Locality Of Energy In General Relativity Can Be Naturally Explained On The Newtonian Level, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

From the physics viewpoint, energy is the ability to perform work. To estimate how much work we can perform, physicists developed several formalisms. For example, for the fields, once we know the Lagrangian, we can find the energy density and, by integrating it, estimate the overall energy of the field. Usually, this adequately describe how much work this field can perform. However, there is an exception -- gravitational field in General Relativity. The known formalism to compute its energy density leads to 0 -- and by integrating this 0, we get a counterintuitive conclusion that the overall energy of the …

Logarithmic Number System Is Optimal For Ai Computations: Theoretical Explanation Of Empirical Success, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich, Christoph Lauter, Kristalys Ruiz-Rohena

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Everyone knows the success story of machine-learning AI. However, the current AI tools are not perfect. We know how to make them better: every time we increase the amount of computations by the order of magnitude, we get a drastic improvement in the performance of the resulting machine learning tools. Training modern AI system requires a tremendous amount of computations -- that already take a lot of time. So, to increase the number of computations, we need to make each computation step faster. One way to do that is to use low-precision arithmetic operations, e.g., with 1 byte per real …

Real-Time Motion Augmentation And Synthesis For Animating The Hands And Eyes Of Virtual Humans And Avatars, Ryan Canales

All Dissertations

Virtual Reality (VR) enables users to interact within virtual worlds via an embodied virtual representation of themselves called an “avatar”. Because avatars are essential for immersive experiences, it is important to consider how altering or augmenting avatar motion affects virtual experiences. This dissertation aims to improve virtual experiences by addressing some of the many challenges in animating avatars and virtual humans.

In our first study, we addressed the lack of tactile feedback during virtual grasping by using visual feedback techniques. We augmented the avatar’s hand motion to remain outside virtual objects (“outer hand”) even when the user’s hand penetrated them. …

Q-Learning In Starclash, Hanani Pankaj

2024 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

Developers create video games using Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents to provide a challenging opponent in a single-player game. However, studies show that when Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents are used, they outperform the AI agents. This project sought to test how RL agents would perform in StarClash, a video game without RL agents, using Q-Learning. This was done by creating two Q-Learning agents: a Simple agent and an Advanced (more complex) agent. These two agents were tested against each other and a Random AI agent. As expected, the Advanced agent did better than the Simple agent but only performed slightly better, …

Pixel: Ai Chatbot For Clear And Effective Senior Design Assistance, Asmin Pothula

2024 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

This research explores the development of an AI-driven chatbot named Pixel, specifically designed to assist Computer Science and Engineering Senior Design students by providing immediate, clear, and accurate responses to project-related queries. While my Senior Design project focuses on developing a "Senior Design Project Management Tool," my honors capstone project centers on developing Pixel and integrating it into both the project management tool and the CSE Senior Design Knowledge Base. Pixel leverages this knowledge base to offer guidance on tasks such as using lab equipment, performing technical procedures, and troubleshooting common issues, ensuring that students have swift access to relevant …

A Machine Learning Approach To Multifactorial Modeling Of Episodic Memory Performance, Evan Fletcher, Marianne Chanti-Ketterl, Emily Hokett, Yi Lor, Umesh Venkatesan, Paola Gilsanz, Rachel Whitmer, Ruijia Chen, Kristen George, Zvinka Zlatar

Moss-Magee Rehabilitation Papers

BACKGROUND: Neurocognitive health is influenced by multiple modifiable and non-modifiable lifestyle factors. Machine learning tools offer a promising approach to better understand complex models of cognitive function. We used extreme gradient boosting (XG Boost), an algorithm of decision-tree modeling, to analyze the association between 15 late-life lifestyle and demographic factors with episodic memory performance. METHOD: Our dataset consisted of 2247 participants from the KHANDLE and STAR cohorts. Participants included 841 men and 1406 women, an ethnoracial diversity of 413 Asian, 987 Black, 349 Latinx, and 496 White adults with age range 54-90 (mean = 74). XG Boost models of continuous …

The Evolving Role Of Copyright Law In The Age Of Ai-Generated Works, James Hutson

Faculty Scholarship

Objective: to identify the prospects and directions of copyright law development associated with the increasing use of generative artificial intelligence.

Methods: the study is based on the formal-legal, comparative, historical methods, doctrinal analysis, legal forecasting and modeling.

Results:the article states that the emergence of generative artificial intelligence makes one rethink the processes occurring in the field of creative activity and the traditional copyright system, which becomes inadequate to modern realities. The author substantiates the necessity of legal reassessment of copyright and emphasizes the urgent need for updated means of copyright protection. Unlike previous digital tools, which expanded …

Learning To Represent Temporal Dynamics And Generative Factors For Intelligent Visual Navigation, Sahand Khoshdel

All Theses

Visual navigation systems are crucial in various applications, including autonomous driving, unmanned aerial systems (UAS), and industrial automation. For these systems to operate efficiently in dynamic environments, they must not only interpret complex surroundings but also anticipate changes over time. Temporal prediction—forecasting environmental changes like moving obstacles or shifting lighting conditions—enables navigation systems to act proactively, enhancing both safety and performance. This dissertation investigates representation learning methods both as a backbone feature extractor for RL agents as well as a proxy for systems oriented for Explainable AI (XAI). Two main projects are presented as case studies to achieve the aforementioned …

Shifting Perspectives With Procedural Modeling Techniques And Vertex Animated Textures For Real-Time Interactive Morphing, Stephanie Schulze

All Theses

As humans experience reality, they intake external stimuli using sensory receptors to process information, forming a perception. Perceptions are subjective and shape each individual’s reality. Naturally then, by changing one’s perceptions, their experience of reality is altered, for better or worse. To emphasize the idea that perception is malleable and encourage a mindset of questioning alternative ways to look at a situation, an interactive experience in Unreal Engine is developed where a dull cityscape morphs and transforms into a surreal oversized nature scene. Procedural modeling techniques are used to create a variety of morphing assets, while Vertex Animated Textures are …

Intellectual Property Liability For Businesses In The Age Of Ai: What New Liabilities Businesses Using Ai Could Face And The Possible Methods Of Self-Protection, Elizabeth Anne Henderson

Michigan Business & Entrepreneurial Law Review

The invention of Artificial Intelligence (“AI”) has triggered a wave of copyright and trademark litigation that will likely shape the intellectual property laws governing AI for the foreseeable future. Lawsuits against AI giants like Meta and OpenAI stand to declare popular uses of AI as actionable infringement as well as possibly reshape how copyright and trademark law view concepts, such as fair use and derivative works in the age of technology. Meanwhile, businesses are pushing forward rapidly with adopting AI and implementing its use in everyday functions. For many of these businesses, AI is a highly desirable but poorly understood …