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Articles 1 - 30 of 1053
Full-Text Articles in Computer Sciences
Accessibility Fairness Practices In Ai Applications For People With Disabilities, Megan Gross
Accessibility Fairness Practices In Ai Applications For People With Disabilities, Megan Gross
Master's Theses
Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) improve the lives of people every day with tools like the auto-captioning of videos, improved screen-reader capabilities, and advanced mobility control through speech. However, are all groups of people benefiting from AI or are some being overlooked and left out? Although AI tools made for people with disabilities (PWDs) have improved their lives, AI for the general population generally ignores the experiences of PWDs, making them unable to interact with and benefit from technology. This research evaluates ChatGPT and Gemini in Gmail for usability fairness and analyzes how current regulations and development processes fail to …
Match Made In Ml: Developing Compatibility Relationships In Evidential Reasoning Approaches With Machine Learning, Ella Jolie Thomas
Match Made In Ml: Developing Compatibility Relationships In Evidential Reasoning Approaches With Machine Learning, Ella Jolie Thomas
Master's Theses
The presented expectation maximization informed evidential reasoning model extends the ability of the evidential reasoning calculus to support decision making by integrating an adaptive model learning capability. Compatibility relationships in Evidential Reasoning models are traditionally built by human domain experts. This process is labor-intensive, especially for large and complex models. Additionally, when new data becomes available, compatibility relationships must be reconstructed. Using machine learning and the expectation maximization algorithm, it is demonstrated that compatibility relationships can be constructed that learn relationships between domain knowledge that is used to make decisions. Using drug development as a domain of application, a traditional …
Is Nostalgia The Hidden Mechanic Of Mmorpgs?, Zoee Sowders
Is Nostalgia The Hidden Mechanic Of Mmorpgs?, Zoee Sowders
ART 108: Introduction to Games Studies
Since the advent of online gaming, MMORPG video games have allowed players to socialize and collaborate within the bounds of a virtual world. For many, these online worlds were an escape from their daily lives, a place where they could meet people with similar interests and embark on adventures impossible in real life.1 While many of the early MMORPG games faded into obscurity after the genre lost its shiny new sparkle, there are still a handful today that maintain player counts in the millions even after nearly two decades of operation. Specifically, World of Warcraft, Runescape, and Final Fantasy XIV …
Investigating Ui Based And Ai Based Interactions In Vr Environments For Human Anatomy Education, Siddharth Sondhi
Investigating Ui Based And Ai Based Interactions In Vr Environments For Human Anatomy Education, Siddharth Sondhi
Master's Projects
Traditional approaches to learning and simulation often struggle to convey the complexity of three dimensional structures. In anatomy education, methods such as textbooks, lectures, and cadaver based learning are used, but can make it difficult to understand the complex structure of organs within the human body. Virtual Reality (VR) offers a promising alternative by providing immersive and interactive 3D environments that allow users to explore and manipulate anatomical structures more intuitively. These environments can be further enhanced by integrating large language models (LLMs) as intelligent agents capable of guiding users through natural language interaction. This project presents a Unity-based VR …
Javatutor: An Integrated Llm Framework For Structured Programming Tutoring And Problem-Solving In Java, Amey Makarand Dhongade
Javatutor: An Integrated Llm Framework For Structured Programming Tutoring And Problem-Solving In Java, Amey Makarand Dhongade
Master's Projects
Large Language Models (LLMs) are being adopted more actively to assist in pro- gramming tasks, but much of the available AI code assistants devices are encouraging the rapid generation of solutions, as opposed to assisting students in developing an understanding. As a result, they can give the students correct code without teaching on how to judge a problem and how to build solutions or how to debug their programs themselves. This study describes JavaTutor, an LLM-based tutoring system that is used to assist learners in the learning process in a three-step process of understand- ing, generating a solution, and refining …
Multimodal Emotion Detection System, Shubhankar Sameer Munshi
Multimodal Emotion Detection System, Shubhankar Sameer Munshi
Master's Projects
Trying to understand emotion from speech is a problem that is present in human computer interaction. Nevertheless, there are still some shortcomings in current SER methods. Text-based systems may miss vital vocal cues, such as sarcasm, tone changes, and delivery. On the other hand, purely audio-based systems are prone to noise and unstable acoustic features. The combination of linguistic and acoustic features in multimodal approaches partially solves this problem, but many existing approaches use inflexible multimodal fusion techniques that cannot adjust their behaviors according to the quality of input signals. In this work, we propose a multimodal approach based on …
Emotional Patterns In Conversational Social Media Using Graph-Based Context, Sai Sanjay Yerunkar
Emotional Patterns In Conversational Social Media Using Graph-Based Context, Sai Sanjay Yerunkar
Master's Projects
Most social media datasets for emotion detection have not been constructed to account for conversational structure‚ so we investigate whether it carries signal for emotion prediction. Using Sentiment140 and GoEmotions Reddit threads‚ we construct their thread-based conversation graphs and compute the aggregated features of neighbors as well as the transformer and TF-IDF representations of comments. Connected comments are 4.5× more similar in emotions than expected by chance. Pairwise emotional similarity decays exponentially with geodesic distance (e.g.‚ after 2 hops). Pairs separated by a 30s timestamp difference have the highest emotional similarity. These results suggest that emotion is structured locally and …
Adaptive Real-Time Fraud Detection Using Online Learning And Explicit Concept-Drift Detection, Purva Govind Tugaonkar
Adaptive Real-Time Fraud Detection Using Online Learning And Explicit Concept-Drift Detection, Purva Govind Tugaonkar
Master's Projects
Real-time credit card fraud detection faces challenges such as extreme class imbalance, delayed feedback, and concept drift in transaction streams. This project implements and evaluates an adaptive streaming fraud detection framework based on three methodologies: (1) online learning with incremental updates, (2) explicit conceptdrift detection using statistical monitoring, and (3) separate models for immediate and delayed supervision, combined with cost-sensitive learning and anomaly detection. The system processes the credit card fraud dataset in a batched streaming fashion, uses multiple online learners and ensembles. Experiments show that online, driftaware models maintain high recall on frauds while controlling false positives under imbalanced …
Stepwise Sudoku Reasoning Training Using Transformers, Lok Man Chu
Stepwise Sudoku Reasoning Training Using Transformers, Lok Man Chu
Master's Projects
Sudoku is a constraint satisfaction problem that serves as a testbed for studying reasoning and stepwise deduction. While many solvers can produce correct solutions, they often fail to generate human interpretable sequences of logically consistent steps. This study investigates whether a transformer trained on stepwise deduction traces can learn to solve Sudoku puzzles through sequential, logically deducible moves. Results show that solve accuracy improves significantly with more training data, reaching approximately 78% at 1500k samples. Stepwise analysis indicates that the model effectively learns simple strategies, achieving near-perfect performance. However, performance on more complex strategies remains limited. Overall, while the model …
Modeling Sealed Deck Construction In Collectible Card Games Using Learning-To-Rank Approach, Michael Dinh Nguyen
Modeling Sealed Deck Construction In Collectible Card Games Using Learning-To-Rank Approach, Michael Dinh Nguyen
Master's Projects
Artificial intelligence has demonstrated strong performance in complex decision-making domains such as chess and Go, motivating research into its application for games with even richer rules and combinatorial complexity. In collectible card games like Magic: The Gathering, deck construction from a constrained card pool is a critical and challenging task that requires evaluating card strength, synergy, and resource balance. This project explores whether machine learning, specifically learning-to-rank (LTR), can effectively model these human decision processes to construct competitive decks in a sealed format. The results found here can also be applicable to other areas of note, such as sports drafting …
Multi-Agent Path Planning And Optimization Using Q-Learning, Chirag Rudresh
Multi-Agent Path Planning And Optimization Using Q-Learning, Chirag Rudresh
Master's Projects
Robot navigation in a multi-agent setting requires a balance between safety and efficiency, especially in dense environments. In these two-dimensional spaces, the scope for geometric errors is much less and could lead to collisions or immobility. This project proposes to address the navigation task using a two-phase path planning pipeline that combines reinforcement learning and convex optimization in a scalable and robust manner. The first phase consists of generating diverse collision-free paths using a Q-learning agent that is trained on a visibility graph representation of the environment. The discretization of the environment using waypoint-based graphs allows the agent to train …
Multi-Agent Path Planning And Optimization Using Q-Learning, Chirag Rudrish
Multi-Agent Path Planning And Optimization Using Q-Learning, Chirag Rudrish
Master's Projects
Robot navigation in a multi-agent setting requires a balance between safety and efficiency, especially in dense environments. In these two-dimensional spaces, the scope for geometric errors is much less and could lead to collisions or immobility. This project proposes to address the navigation task using a two-phase path planning pipeline that combines reinforcement learning and convex optimization in a scalable and robust manner. The first phase consists of generating diverse collision-free paths using a Q-learning agent that is trained on a visibility graph representation of the environment. The discretization of the environment using waypoint-based graphs allows the agent to train …
Cost-Aware Predictive Routing For Vision-Language Models, Sahil Sait Naveed
Cost-Aware Predictive Routing For Vision-Language Models, Sahil Sait Naveed
Master's Projects
Vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly used for multimodal tasks, but their inference costs vary widely across model tiers. This work presents a predictive routing framework that assigns each query to the most cost-effective VLM by using multimodal embeddings, clustering, and per-cluster model error estimates. Evaluated on six commercial VLMs, the selected router reduces average cost by about 49 percent relative to the quality-first setting on both validation and test. This comes with accuracy losses of 0.4 percentage points on validation and 0.9 on held-out test data. It also outperforms K-NN and ZeroRouter routing baselines while providing lowercost operating points than …
Safe-R2r: A Safety-Aware And Budget-Optimized Retrieval Controller For Rag Systems, Mandar Sunil Gondane
Safe-R2r: A Safety-Aware And Budget-Optimized Retrieval Controller For Rag Systems, Mandar Sunil Gondane
Master's Projects
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves factual grounding in large language models by incorporating external evidence during inference. However, most RAG systems rely on fixed retrieval strategies that ignore query difficulty, computational cost, and prediction uncertainty. This project introduces SAFE-R2R (Safety-Aware and Budget-Optimized Reason-to-Retrieve), a retrieval controller that treats retrieval as a query-dependent decision problem. SAFE-R2R organizes retrieval into a multi-rung ladder ranging from no retrieval to deeper retrieval with reranking. At each rung, the system generates an answer, computes reliability signals, and combines them into a risk score used within a conformal calibration framework to decide whether to accept the answer …
Roadside Asset Extraction From Mobile Lidar Point Cloud, Yushin Ahn, Riadh Munjy, Stephen Choi
Roadside Asset Extraction From Mobile Lidar Point Cloud, Yushin Ahn, Riadh Munjy, Stephen Choi
Mineta Transportation Institute
Mobile LiDAR systems are powerful tools that help us map roads and their surroundings in 3D with great speed and precision. The data provided by these systems support urban planning efforts, digital mapping, transportation infrastructure maintenance, and more. This report presents a comprehensive workflow for roadside asset extraction using Mobile Terrestrial Laser Scanning (MTLS) data, focusing on road lane detection, cross-section slope analysis, and point cloud classification. Roadside asset extraction is the identification and classification of roadside features like signs and poles. The dataset, acquired using a high-resolution mobile LiDAR system, contains over 5.7 billion points (pieces of data) across …
Does The Transit Industry Understand The Risks Of Cybersecurity And Are The Risks Being Appropriately Prioritized?, Scott F. Belcher, Terri Belcher, James Grimes, Lusa Holmstrom, Andy Souders
Does The Transit Industry Understand The Risks Of Cybersecurity And Are The Risks Being Appropriately Prioritized?, Scott F. Belcher, Terri Belcher, James Grimes, Lusa Holmstrom, Andy Souders
Mineta Transportation Institute
The intent of this study is to assess the readiness, resourcing, and capabilities of public transit agencies to detect, identify, be protected from, respond to, and recover from cybersecurity vulnerabilities and threats. This study is an update of the 2020 Mineta Transportation Institute (MTI) study, “Is the Transit Industry Prepared for the Cyber Revolution? Policy Recommendations to Enhance Surface Transit Cyber Preparedness.” In the previous study, the authors found that the transit industry was ill-prepared for cybersecurity attacks. Unfortunately, after four years and the development of new, and often free, resources, the situation has not markedly improved. In fact, this …
Artificial Intelligence In Modern Game Development, Karan Raval
Artificial Intelligence In Modern Game Development, Karan Raval
ART 108: Introduction to Games Studies
Artificial intelligence has transformed the landscape of game development in ways early pioneers could only imagine. In my project I explore four major phases of AI evolution: classical AI methods, the rise of machine learning, the advent of transformer architectures, and a spirited debate about whether transformers truly think. To illustrate these shifts I use examples like MYCIN, which helped doctors decide treatments, and Deep Blue, which beat a world chess champion. You’ve probably lost track of time exploring an open world that adapts to your choices, right? That sense of immersion is powered by AI behind the scenes. From …
Assessing Perceived Safety Of Non Motorized Travel With Virtual Reality, Vahid Balali, Sahand Fathi
Assessing Perceived Safety Of Non Motorized Travel With Virtual Reality, Vahid Balali, Sahand Fathi
Mineta Transportation Institute
Cycling is increasingly advocated as a healthier and more sustainable mode of transportation, as reflected in both scholarly literature and policy initiatives. Nonetheless, the escalation in bicyclist crash fatalities underscores deficiencies in extant roadway designs that inadequately safeguard these vulnerable users. A persistent challenge in the examination of bicyclist safety, behavior, and comfort is the paucity of comprehensive cycling data. To enhance understanding of cyclists' behavioral and physiological responses safely and efficiently, this investigation utilizes a bicycle simulator within an immersive virtual environment (IVE). Off-the-shelf sensors are employed to evaluate cyclists' performance metrics (speed and lane position) and physiological responses …
Perspectives On Gaming Throughout The Years, Noh Fekre
Perspectives On Gaming Throughout The Years, Noh Fekre
ART 108: Introduction to Games Studies
Video games are a lot younger of an art form compared to other mediums like books or movies which means how they fit into our culture isn’t really set in stone yet. They have existed for a while but got their first big boom through arcades and home consoles. I want to look at how video games present themselves differently to other mediums and how that might have affected their perception amongst the general populace while also looking at how that perception has changed over time due to how games have changed themselves.
When The Audience Takes The Controller: How Streaming Is Changing The Way We Play Games, Lea Wilhelmer
When The Audience Takes The Controller: How Streaming Is Changing The Way We Play Games, Lea Wilhelmer
ART 108: Introduction to Games Studies
For decades, video games have been understood as solitary experiences. A player would sit alone or with a small group, controller in hand, navigating digital worlds where every action, decision, and outcome was shaped by their own input. At its core, gaming was personal. The lines between the audience and player were clearly drawn. The player was the one actively involved in the game, while everyone else was an observer, watching from the sidelines. This traditional model has seen significant transformation in the last decade, as the rise of streaming platforms like Twitch, YouTube Gaming, and other similar services radically …
Redefining Fun: How Realism And Effort Engage Players In Video Games, Marsel Abdullin
Redefining Fun: How Realism And Effort Engage Players In Video Games, Marsel Abdullin
ART 108: Introduction to Games Studies
In the current era of video game development, the gaming industry frequently pursues instant gratification, creating a landscape for immediate and empowering rewards. Current trends clearly show that experiences allow players to become superhuman or extraordinary beings with very little difficulty, satisfying a common desire for escapism and power. This suggests that “fun” is commonly associated with ease, speed, and constant positive feedback. However, my counter-argument is the emergence of games such as Kingdom Come: Deliverance and Red Dead Redemption 2. These games operate with a different game design and philosophy. In fact, they embrace slowness, hardship, and the detailed …
The Evolution Of Video Game Collectibles And Marketplaces, Leland Lee
The Evolution Of Video Game Collectibles And Marketplaces, Leland Lee
ART 108: Introduction to Games Studies
Digital Collectibles such as weapon skins, avatar skins, emotes, and in-game art were created as a playful surprise for the video game experience. Many years later, it has produced a multibillion-dollar economy in the gaming industry and is also responsible for the high demand for intriguing in-game collectibles. Although these cosmetic features were initially meant for looks, they have evolved into something of actual value that has completely changed the landscape of games and how they are played. As a result, this has created an intricate environment where players are able to buy, trade, and sell in-game collectibles in both …
Nothing Is Off Limits, But Not Everything Is Done Right: Exploring Ineffability, Alejandro Maciel
Nothing Is Off Limits, But Not Everything Is Done Right: Exploring Ineffability, Alejandro Maciel
ART 108: Introduction to Games Studies
Games are capable of addressing absolutely anything. No topic is too big, too controversial, or too emotional. but not everything is done well; the problem isn't the subject, it's always the delivery. When the developers approach heavy topics without care, they risk doing harm. bwhen they do their research and consult communities and write with purpose, the result can be transformative. Representation, when handled with attention, isn't political correctness; it's simply good storytelling. it's how games become more than entertainment. They become tools for empathy, education, and more valuable connections
The Cost Of Creative Freedom: Comparing Aaa And Indie Game Development, Andrei Morgunov
The Cost Of Creative Freedom: Comparing Aaa And Indie Game Development, Andrei Morgunov
ART 108: Introduction to Games Studies
The independent development model provides developers with creative freedom and personal fulfillment because it enables them to learn through hands-on experience while creating distinctive experiences and developing diverse skills. It provides them with both long-term ownership of their work and the chance to achieve remarkable success through their own efforts while allowing them to maintain direct communication with players who appreciate their creative output. The choice between AAA and indie depends on individual career goals, but developers who view games as more than just products of entertainment can find greater meaning in the indie path, Long-term triple-A developers who want …
Smart Highway Construction Site Monitoring Using Artificial Intelligence, Mehran Mazari, Yahaira Nava-Gonzalez, Ly Jacky N. Nhiayi, Mohamad H. Saleh
Smart Highway Construction Site Monitoring Using Artificial Intelligence, Mehran Mazari, Yahaira Nava-Gonzalez, Ly Jacky N. Nhiayi, Mohamad H. Saleh
Mineta Transportation Institute
Construction is a large sector of the economy and plays a significant role in creating economic growth and national development,and construction of transportation infrastructure is critical. This project developed a method to detect, classify, monitor, and track objects during the construction, maintenance, and rehabilitation of transportation infrastructure by using artificial intelligence and a deep learning approach. This study evaluated the performance of AI and deep learning algorithms to compare their performance in detecting and classifying the equipment in various construction scenes. Our goal was to find the optimized balance between the model capabilities in object detection and memory processing requirements. …
Multimodal Deception Detection Via Audio-Text Fusion With Deep Learning And Asr, Xiangyi Li
Multimodal Deception Detection Via Audio-Text Fusion With Deep Learning And Asr, Xiangyi Li
Master's Projects
Emotion detection plays a crucial role in human-computer interaction, enabling machines to recognize and respond appropriately to human emotional states. This project explores a two-stage approach to emotion detection using multimodal data, first predicting dimensional values (Arousal, Valence, Dominance) from textual and audio inputs, then mapping these representations to discrete emotion categories. We compare this approach with direct categorical classification using transformer-based language models like BERT, RoBERTa, and DeBERTa for text processing, alongside various audio feature extraction methods, including MFCCs and spectrograms. Using the IEMOCAP dataset, we evaluate both approaches across text-only, audio-only, and multimodal configurations. Our findings reveal that …
Classroom To Console, Ashton Headley
Classroom To Console, Ashton Headley
ART 108: Introduction to Games Studies
In an era where technology is continuously growing and intertwined into daily life, the field of education has seen drastic changes and innovation. Including changes we see today, with the ability to connect to class online, procter tests, submit assignments etc. And amongst these innovations, educational games have surfaced as a resource for helping learners across various age groups. By merging entertainment/gamification with educational content, these games offer an interactive and entertaining approach to acquiring knowledge and learning essential or non-essential skills. Whether it is implemented in classrooms, workplaces, or home settings, educational games are transforming the educational environment effectively …
Ethics And Environmental Impact Of Video Games, Anushka Chokshi
Ethics And Environmental Impact Of Video Games, Anushka Chokshi
ART 108: Introduction to Games Studies
As video games grow in popularity, concerns regarding their ethical and environmental implications are brought up. While once, topics like their impact on child development or harm to Earth might have been considered minor or irrelevant, these concerns are now voiced in numerous articles across the internet, amplifying the urgency to develop games in an ethical context before matters are blown out of proportion. For the purposes of exploring both past and present views, this work draws from older and newer sources surrounding many topics on the idea of game development in the video game industry. Essentially, video game development …
Gamified Learning: Applying Game Design Thinking In Education, Qiaoxin Deng
Gamified Learning: Applying Game Design Thinking In Education, Qiaoxin Deng
ART 108: Introduction to Games Studies
Gamification is an Education Strategy It has gained popularity in recent years. Gamification is a means to foster student engagement and improve their learning journeys. It's about applying game design elements in non-game contexts. This is primarily used in educational settings. Gamification of learning makes it more engaging and fun by introducing rewards, challenges, and competition. By adding rewards, challenges, and competition, gamification makes learning more interesting and interactive (2020).In this essay, I will be discussing the concept of gamification. Its advantages and disadvantages will be explored. It will also give examples, including Duolingo and Quizlet, to illustrate how it …
The Evolution And Preservation Of Video Games: An Artistic And Cultural Journey, Dhru Fuletra
The Evolution And Preservation Of Video Games: An Artistic And Cultural Journey, Dhru Fuletra
ART 108: Introduction to Games Studies
From the first time I held a game controller, video games have been a fundamental part of my life. They started as simple, pixel-filled adventures on early consoles and have grown into the vast, immersive worlds we explore on today’s advanced systems. For me, they’ve always been more than just a way to pass the time; they’ve been gateways to alternate realities where creativity, interaction, and storytelling seamlessly come together. Over the years, video games have transformed from casual hobbies into intricate cultural phenomena and, importantly, into a recognized art form. In this essay, I contend that video games are …