Computer Sciences Commons^™

Strategies Used In Ehealth Systems Adoption, Joshua Adams

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Failure to adopt an interoperable eHealth system limits the accurate communication exchange of pertinent health-care-related data for diagnosis and treatment. Patient data are located in disparate health information systems, and the adoption of an interoperable eHealth system is complex and requires strategic planning by senior health care IT leaders. Grounded in DeLone and McLean’s information system success model, the purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore strategies used by some senior information technology (IT) health care leaders in the successful adoption of an eHealth system. The participants were 8 senior health care IT leaders in the eastern United …

Strategies To Implement Big Data Analytics In Telecommunications Organizations, Delton Aneato

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Information Technology (IT) leaders who do not invest in big data projects may struggle to gain a competitive advantage and business insights to improve performance. Grounded in the Kotter’s change and Six Sigma models, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies IT leaders used to implement big data analytics successfully. The participants comprised 4 IT leaders from 2 telecommunication organizations in the United States of America, who effectively used strategies to promote and maximize competitive advantage using big data analytics. Data were collected from semistructured interviews, company documents, and project-related documents and were analyzed using …

The Challenges Of Adopting Cloud Computing In Nigerian Government Organizations, Ayodele Adegbenga Bakare

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Several technical challenges prevent the adoption of cloud computing by government organizations in Nigeria. Information technology (IT) leaders in the Nigerian government are concerned about this problem because the lack of cloud computing adoption may prevent the Nigerian government from taking advantage of cloud-based information systems to improve its service delivery to citizens and businesses. Grounded in the technology acceptance model, the purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine if IT administrators’ perception of data security and perception of fault tolerance can predict their intentions to adopt cloud computing. Data were collected from 79 IT administrators in government …

Exploring Strategies To Transition To Big Data Technologies From Dw Technologies, Mbah Johnas Fortem

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

As a result of innovation and technological improvements, organizations are now capable of capturing and storing massive amounts of data from various sources and domains. This increase in the volume of data resulted in traditional tools used for processing, storing, and analyzing large amounts of data becoming increasingly inefficient. Grounded in the extended technology acceptance model, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore the strategies data managers use to transition from traditional data warehousing technologies to big data technologies. The participants included data managers from 6 organizations (medium and large size) based in Munich, Germany, who …

Innovation And Market Leadership In A Technology Industry, Wilson Zehr

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

According to the Abernathy-Utterback (A-U) model, firms focus on technological product innovation early in the product lifecycle and then shift to process innovation as markets mature. However, there is no consensus on the forms that non-technological innovation can take. In addition, the A-U model, which guides innovators, does not include forms of non-technological innovation that are generally accepted by experts. In this study, a hybrid e-Delphi technique with an AHP decision model was used to evaluate the forms of innovation used to establish market leadership over the historical lifecycle of the personal computer industry in the United States. In Phase …

Strategies For It Product Managers To Manage Microservice Systems In Enterprises, Walter Zrzavy

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Many information technology (IT) product managers have experienced significant challenges in adopting microservice architecture (MSA) systems successfully in their organizations. Inefficiencies resulting from MSA system adoption are of concern to IT product managers as these inefficiencies increase the cost of maintenance and increase the time to deliver software updates to the business. Grounded in the technology-organization-environment theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore the strategies used by IT product managers for the domain-driven design and development and operations practices to reduce the inefficiencies during the MSA system adoption. The participants were 18 IT product managers …

Strategies To Digitize Business Processes, Mohamed Abdelmoneim

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Information technology leaders with limited digitization strategies are less profitable than competitors in the same industry. Without digital strategies, information technology leaders suffer from manual business processes, which results in losing business opportunities. Grounded in general systems theory, the purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the strategies that 10 IT leaders used to transform business processes digitally at four different organizations in Ireland. Data were collected using semistructured face-to-face interviews. The second data source was organizational digitization documents. The 3 themes that emerged from thematic analysis were (a) strong digital leadership competencies, (b) digitally aligned with the …

Critical Success Factors For E-Government Web Services, Mark Alpern

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Some municipal government leaders are unable to effectively implement e-government web services, which results in poor client satisfaction. Grounded in the critical success factor theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore critical success factors managers use to build quality e-government web services. The participants included 3 managers in different municipalities within Ontario, Canada, who successfully implemented e-government web services. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and the review of organizational documents. Thematic analysis was conducted using Yin's 5-step data analysis method, and 5 themes emerged: client-centric government, change management, management support, client engagement, and external …

Effective Data Analytics And Security Strategies In Internal Audit Organizations, Desiree Auchey

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The digitization of the corporate and regulatory environment presents an opportunity for internal audit organizations to change their audit techniques and increase their value to corporations. Audit functions have not kept pace with these advancements, as evidenced by the massive frauds in recent years, and current audit methodology does not robustly incorporate analytics and security of data. Grounded in agency theory, the purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore successful strategies business leaders use to implement data analytics and security for internal auditing and fraudulent activity. The participants comprised 3 audit leaders in Pennsylvania, who effectively used data …

Towards A General Solution For Layout Of Visual Goal Models With Actors: Supplemental Material, Yilin Lucy Wang, Alicia M. Grubb

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

Supplemental material for the paper:

"Towards a General Solution for Layout of Visual Goal Models with Actors"

This paper presents early results and lays a foundation for discussion within our GORE community.

Enhancing Learning With Primitive-Decomposed Cognitive Representations, Jamie C. Macbeth

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

This paper proposes work that applies insights from meaning representation systems for in-depth natural language understanding to representations for self-supervised learning systems, which show promise in developing complex, deeply-nested symbolic structures through self-motivated exploration of their environments. The core of the representation system transforms language inputs into language-free structures that are complex combinations of conceptual primitives, forming a substrate for human-like understanding and common-sense reasoning. We focus on decomposing representations of expectation, intention, planning, and decision-making which are essential to a self-motivated learner. These meaning representations may enhance learning by enabling a rich array of mappings between new experiences and …

A Preliminary Investigation Of The Utility Of Goal Model Construction, Naomi Cebula, Lily Diao, Alicia M. Grubb

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

Goal models have long been used in the literature to model and reason about stakeholders’ intentions. Prior work proposed several studies aimed at investigating what utility stakeholders derive from constructing and analyzing goal models. We designed and conducted an initial empirical study that explores the construction stage of goal modeling, asking whether stakeholders benefit from manually drawing their own model. We recruited eight qualified participants and asked each to create a goal model for a decision they were considering while talking out loud. Half of the participants in this study used BloomingLeaf, while the remaining participants drew goal models by …

Automatically Categorizing Software Technologies, Mathieu Nassif, Christoph Treude, Martin P. Robillard

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Informal language and the absence of a standard taxonomy for software technologies make it difficult to reliably analyze technology trends on discussion forums and other on-line venues. We propose an automated approach called Witt for the categorization of software technologies (an expanded version of the hypernym discovery problem). Witt takes as input a phrase describing a software technology or concept and returns a general category that describes it (e.g., integrated development environment), along with attributes that further qualify it (commercial, php, etc.). By extension, the approach enables the dynamic creation of lists of all technologies of a given type (e.g., …

Strategies Used To Mitigate Social Engineering Attacks, Lindiwe T. Hove

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Cybercriminal activity performed widely through social engineering attacks is estimated to be one of the substantial challenges the world will face over the next 20 years. Cybercriminal activity is important to chief information security officers (CISOs) because these attacks represent the largest transfer of economic wealth in history and pose risks to the incentives for organizational innovation and investment and eventually become more profitable than the global trade of all major illegal drugs combined. Grounded in the balanced control theory, the purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies CISOs use to mitigate social engineering attacks within their …

Remote Communication In Wilderness Search And Rescue: Implications For The Design Of Emergency Distributed-Collaboration Tools For Network-Sparse Environments, Brennan Jones, Anthony Tang, Carman Neustaedter

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Wilderness search and rescue (WSAR) requires careful communication between workers in different locations. To understand the contexts from which WSAR workers communicate and the challenges they face, we interviewed WSAR workers and observed a mock-WSAR scenario. Our findings illustrate that WSAR workers face challenges in maintaining a shared mental model. This is primarily done through distributed communication using two-way radios and cell phones for text and photo messaging; yet both implicit and explicit communication suffer. WSAR workers send messages for various reasons and share different types of information with varying levels of urgency. This warrants the use of multiple communication …

Pgas: Privacy-Preserving Graph Encryption For Accurate Constrained Shortest Distance Queries, Can Zhang, Liehuang Zhu, Kashif Sharif, Chuan Zhang, Ximeng Liu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The constrained shortest distance (CSD) query is used to determine the shortest distance between two vertices of a graph while ensuring that the total cost remains lower than a given threshold. The virtually unlimited storage and processing capabilities of cloud computing have enabled the graph owners to outsource their graph data to cloud servers. However, it may introduce privacy challenges that are difficult to address. In recent years, some relevant schemes that support the shortest distance query on the encrypted graph have been proposed. Unfortunately, some of them have unacceptable query accuracy, and some of them leak sensitive information that …

A Novel Intrusion Detection System Against Spoofing Attacks In Connected Electric Vehicles, Dimitrios Kosmanos, Apostolos Pappas, Leandros Maglaras, Sotiris Moschoyinnais, Francisco J. Aparicio-Navarro, Antonios Argyriou, Helge Janicke

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The Electric Vehicles (EVs) market has seen rapid growth recently despite the anxiety about driving range. Recent proposals have explored charging EVs on the move, using dynamic wireless charging that enables power exchange between the vehicle and the grid while the vehicle is moving. Specifically, part of the literature focuses on the intelligent routing of EVs in need of charging. Inter-Vehicle communications (IVC) play an integral role in intelligent routing of EVs around a static charging station or dynamic charging on the road network. However, IVC is vulnerable to a variety of cyber attacks such as spoofing. In this paper, …

Structure-Priority Image Restoration Through Genetic Algorithm Optimization, Zhaoxia Wang, Haibo Pen, Ting Yang, Quan Wang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

With the significant increase in the use of image information, image restoration has been gaining much attention by researchers. Restoring the structural information as well as the textural information of a damaged image to produce visually plausible restorations is a challenging task. Genetic algorithm (GA) and its variants have been applied in many fields due to their global optimization capabilities. However, the applications of GA to the image restoration domain still remain an emerging discipline. It is still challenging and difficult to restore a damaged image by leveraging GA optimization. To address this problem, this paper proposes a novel GA-based …

Teacher-Student Networks With Multiple Decoders For Solving Math Word Problem, Jipeng Zhang, Roy Ka-Wei Lee, Ee-Peng Lim, Wei Qin, Lei Wang, Jie Shao, Qianru Sun

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Math word problem (MWP) is challenging due to the limitation in training data where only one “standard” solution is available. MWP models often simply fit this solution rather than truly understand or solve the problem. The generalization of models (to diverse word scenarios) is thus limited. To address this problem, this paper proposes a novel approach, TSN-MD, by leveraging the teacher network to integrate the knowledge of equivalent solution expressions and then to regularize the learning behavior of the student network. In addition, we introduce the multiple-decoder student network to generate multiple candidate solution expressions by which the final answer …

Emoco: Visual Analysis Of Emotion Coherence In Presentation Videos, Haipeng Zeng, Xingbo Wang, Aoyu Wu, Yong Wang, Quan Li, Alex Endert, Huamin Qu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Emotions play a key role in human communication and public presentations. Human emotions are usually expressed through multiple modalities. Therefore, exploring multimodal emotions and their coherence is of great value for understanding emotional expressions in presentations and improving presentation skills. However, manually watching and studying presentation videos is often tedious and time-consuming. There is a lack of tool support to help conduct an efficient and in-depth multi-level analysis. Thus, in this paper, we introduce EmoCo, an interactive visual analytics system to facilitate efficient analysis of emotion coherence across facial, text, and audio modalities in presentation videos. Our visualization system features …

Towards Automated Infographic Design: Deep Learning-Based Auto-Extraction Of Extensible Timeline, Zhutian Chen, Yun Wang, Qianwen Wang, Yong Wang, Huamin Qu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Designers need to consider not only perceptual effectiveness but also visual styles when creating an infographic. This process can be difficult and time consuming for professional designers, not to mention non-expert users, leading to the demand for automated infographics design. As a first step, we focus on timeline infographics, which have been widely used for centuries. We contribute an end-to-end approach that automatically extracts an extensible timeline template from a bitmap image. Our approach adopts a deconstruction and reconstruction paradigm. At the deconstruction stage, we propose a multi-task deep neural network that simultaneously parses two kinds of information from a …

Entity-Sensitive Attention And Fusion Network For Entity-Level Multimodal Sentiment Classification, Jianfei Yu, Jing Jiang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Entity-level (aka target-dependent) sentiment analysis of social media posts has recently attracted increasing attention, and its goal is to predict the sentiment orientations over individual target entities mentioned in users' posts. Most existing approaches to this task primarily rely on the textual content, but fail to consider the other important data sources (e.g., images, videos, and user profiles), which can potentially enhance these text-based approaches. Motivated by the observation, we study entity-level multimodal sentiment classification in this article, and aim to explore the usefulness of images for entity-level sentiment detection in social media posts. Specifically, we propose an Entity-Sensitive Attention …

Synthesizing Aspect-Driven Recommendation Explanations From Reviews, Trung-Hoang Le, Hady W. Lauw

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Explanations help to make sense of recommendations, increasing the likelihood of adoption. However, existing approaches to explainable recommendations tend to rely on rigid, standardized templates, customized only via fill-in-the-blank aspect sentiments. For more flexible, literate, and varied explanations covering various aspects of interest, we synthesize an explanation by selecting snippets from reviews, while optimizing for representativeness and coherence. To fit target users' aspect preferences, we contextualize the opinions based on a compatible explainable recommendation model. Experiments on datasets of several product categories showcase the efficacies of our method as compared to baselines based on templates, review summarization, selection, and text …

Lightweight Sharable And Traceable Secure Mobile Health System, Yang Yang, Ximeng Liu, Robert H. Deng, Yingjiu Li

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Mobile health (mHealth) has emerged as a new patient centric model which allows real-time collection of patient data via wearable sensors, aggregation and encryption of these data at mobile devices, and then uploading the encrypted data to the cloud for storage and access by healthcare staff and researchers. However, efficient and scalable sharing of encrypted data has been a very challenging problem. In this paper, we propose a Lightweight Sharable and Traceable (LiST) secure mobile health system in which patient data are encrypted end-to-end from a patient’s mobile device to data users. LiST enables efficient keyword search and finegrained access …

Trade-Off Assessments Between Reading Cost And Accuracy Measures For Digital Camera Monitoring Of Recreational Boating Effort, Ebenezer Afrifa-Yamoah, Stephen M. Taylor, Ute Mueller

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Digital camera monitoring is increasingly being used to monitor recreational fisheries. The manual interpretation of video imagery can be costly and time consuming. In an a posteriori analysis, we investigated trade-offs between the reading cost and accuracy measures of estimates of boat retrievals obtained at various sampling proportions for low, moderate and high traffic boat ramps in Western Australia. Simple random sampling, systematic sampling and stratified sampling designs with proportional and weighted allocation were evaluated to assess trade-offs in terms of bias, accuracy, precision, coverage rate and cost in estimating the annual total number of powerboat retrievals in 10,000 jackknife …

User Perception Of The U.S. Open Government Data Success Factors, Joy Alatta

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This quantitative correlational study used the information systems success model to examine the relationship between the U.S. federal departments' open data users' perception of the system quality, perception of information quality, perception of service quality, and the intent to use open data from U.S. federal departments. A pre-existing information system success model survey instrument was used to collect data from 122 open data users. The result of the standard multiple linear regression was statistically significant to predict the intent to use the U.S. open government data F(3,99) = 6479.916, p <0.01 and accounted for 99% of the variance in the intent to use the U.S. open government data (R²= .995), adjusted R²= .995. The interdependent nature of information quality, system quality, and service quality may have contributed to the value of the R². Cronbach's alpha for this study is α=.99, and the value could be attributed to the fact that users of open data are not necessarily technical oriented, and were not able to distinguish the differences between the meanings of the variables. The result of this study confirmed that there is a relationship between the user's perception of the system quality, perception of information quality, perception of service quality, and the intent to use open data from U.S. federal departments. The findings from this study might contribute to positive social change by enabling the solving of problems in the healthcare, education, energy sector, research community, digitization, and preservation of e-government activities. Using study, the results of this study, IT software engineers in the US federal departments, may be able to improve the gathering of user specifications and requirements in information system design.

Strategies For Information Technology Employee Retention, Stephen Horton

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Information technology (IT) employee retention is essential to IT departments tasked with supporting the goals and objectives of the organization. IT employees manage, support, and direct IT to drive business, pursue innovation, and create a competitive edge. The purpose of this qualitative exploratory multiple case study was to identify strategies that IT managers use to retain IT employees in order to support the goals and objectives of the IT organization. The population for this study consisted of 5 IT managers in the transportation industry. The IT managers selected for this study had subordinates and delegation duties and worked for employers …

Information Systems Strategies For Small And Medium Size Enterprise Sustainability, Oluseyi Solomon Awotayo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Small and medium size business owners who do not use information systems effectively degrade business models, reduce customer value, and diminish the prospects for business stability, profitability, and growth. Grounded in the resource based view framework, the purpose of this qualitative multiple-case study was to explore the information systems strategies small business owners used to sustain their business beyond 5 years. A purposeful sample of 5 owners of 5 different small and medium sized businesses in the state of Texas participated in the study. Data were collected via semistructured, face-to-face interviews, company documents, and member checking. Data were analyzed using …

Analysis Of Driving Forces That Ensures The Sustainability Of Voter Accreditation Technology, Lawrence Oluwagbenga Bayode

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Nigeria’s electoral body, the independent national electoral commission (INEC), deployed a novel information technology (IT) based voter accreditation technology in 2015. Benefits realized included transparency and curtailed electoral malpractices. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the relationship(s) between some variables categorized into technological, organizational, and economic factors, and Sustainability of voter accreditation technology (SVAT). The theoretical framework for the study was the e-voting system adoption model in combination with constructs from three other theories. A total of 138 IT experts participated and were asked (via SurveyMonkey) of the relationships between the following factors and SVAT: ease …

Exploring Strategies For Enforcing Cybersecurity Policies, Bayo Olushola Omoyiola

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Some cybersecurity leaders have not enforced cybersecurity policies in their organizations. The lack of employee cybersecurity policy compliance is a significant threat in organizations because it leads to security risks and breaches. Grounded in the theory of planned behavior, the purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the strategies cybersecurity leaders utilize to enforce cybersecurity policies. The participants were cybersecurity leaders from 3 large organizations in southwest and northcentral Nigeria responsible for enforcing cybersecurity policies. The data collection included semi-structured interviews of participating cybersecurity leaders (n = 12) and analysis of cybersecurity policy documents (n = 20). Thematic …