Computer Sciences Commons^™

Multi-Dimensional Numerical Integration On Parallel Architectures, Ioannis Sakiotis, Marc Paterno, Balsa Terzic, Mohammad Zubair, Desh Ranjan

College of Sciences Posters

Multi-dimensional numerical integration is a challenging computational problem that is encountered in many scientific computing applications. Despite extensive research and the development of efficient techniques such as adaptive and Monte Carlo methods, many complex high-dimensional integrands can be too computationally intense even for state-of-the-art numerical libraries such as CUBA, QUADPACK, NAG, and MSL. However, adaptive integration has few dependencies and is very well suited for parallel architectures where processors can operate on different partitions of the integration-space. While existing parallel methods exist, most are simple extensions of their sequential versions. This results in moderate speedup and in many cases failure …

End-To-End Physics Event Generator, Yasir Alanazi, N. Sato, Tianbo Liu, W. Melnitchouk, Michelle P. Kuchera, Evan Pritchard, Michael Robertson, Ryan Strauss, Luisa Velasco, Yaohang Li

College of Sciences Posters

We apply generative adversarial network (GAN) technology to build an event generator that simulates particle production in electron-proton scattering that is free of theoretical assumptions about underlying particle dynamics. The difficulty of efficiently training a GAN event simulator lies in learning the complicated pat- terns of the distributions of the particles physical properties. We develop a GAN that selects a set of transformed features from particle momenta that can be generated easily by the generator, and uses these to produce a set of augmented features that improve the sensitivity of the discriminator. The new Feature-Augmented and Transformed GAN (FAT-GAN) is …

Why, In Deep Learning, Non-Smooth Activation Function Works Better Than Smooth Ones, Daniel Cruz, Richard Godoy, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Since in the physical world, most dependencies are smooth (differentiable), traditionally, smooth functions were used to approximate these dependencies. In particular, neural networks used smooth activation functions such as the sigmoid function. However, the successes of deep learning showed that in many cases, non-smooth activation functions like max(0,z) work much better. In this paper, we explain why in many cases, non-smooth approximating functions often work better -- even when the approximated dependence is smooth.

Why Semi-Supervised Learning Makes Sense: A Pedagogical Note, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

The main idea behind semi-supervised learning is that when we do not enough human-generated labels, we train a machine learning system based on what we have, and we add the resulting labels (called pseudo-labels) to the training sample. Interesting, this idea works well, but why is somewhat a mystery: we did not add any new information so why is this working? There exist explanations for this empirical phenomenon, but most these explanations are based on complicated math. In this paper, we provide a simple intuitive explanation.

Why ∞ Is A Reasonable Symbol For Infinity, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

The fact that ∞ is actively used as a symbol for infinity shows that this symbol is probably reasonable in this role, but why? In this paper, we provide a possible explanation for why this is indeed a reasonable symbol for infinity.

Buffer Overflow And Sql Injection In C++, Noah Warren Kapley

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Buffer overflows and SQL Injection have plagued programmers for many years. A successful buffer overflow, innocuous or not, damages a computer’s permanent memory. Safer buffer overflow programs are presented in this thesis for the C programs characterizing string concatenation, string copy, and format get string, a C program which takes input and output from a keyboard, in most cases. Safer string concatenation and string copy programs presented in this thesis require the programmer to specify the amount of storage space necessary for the program’s execution. This safety mechanism is designed to help programmers avoid over specifying the amount of storage …

An Inside Vs. Outside Classification System For Wi-Fi Iot Devices, Paul Gralla

Dartmouth College Undergraduate Theses

We are entering an era in which Smart Devices are increasingly integrated into our daily lives. Everyday objects are gaining computational power to interact with their environments and communicate with each other and the world via the Internet. While the integration of such devices offers many potential benefits to their users, it also gives rise to a unique set of challenges. One of those challenges is to detect whether a device belongs to one’s own ecosystem, or to a neighbor – or represents an unexpected adversary. An important part of determining whether a device is friend or adversary is to …

The Rock 2021, School Of Engineering And Computer Science

The Rock

No abstract provided.

Understanding God And His Redemptive Work In Computer Science, Mike Wallinga

Faculty Tenure Papers

Computer science as a discipline and computer scientists as a group tend to exhibit a technical, skills-focused disposition. Curriculum standards demand students acquire a long list of mathematical and programming abilities. Students both expect and are excited by the opportunity to learn the ins and outs of cutting-edge technology. Furthermore, programming a computer is an exercise in exactness and specificity. Is the semicolon in the right place? Are all of the parentheses matched? Does this Boolean logic or loop control statement contain an off-by-one error? Failing to state all of the required commands fully and exactly will result in a …

Lev Landau's Marital Advice Explained, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Nobelist physicist Lev Landau was known for applying mathematical and physical reasoning to human relations. His advices may have been somewhat controversial, but they were usually well motivated. However, there was one advice for which no explanation remains -- that a person should not marry his/her first and second true loves, and only start thinking about marriage starting with the third true love. In this paper, we provide a possible Landau-style motivation for this advice.

Limit Theorems As Blessing Of Dimensionality: Neural-Oriented Overview, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

As a system becomes more complex, at first, its description and analysis becomes more complicated. However, a further increase in the system's complexity often makes this analysis simpler. A classical example is Central Limit Theorem: when we have a few independent sources of uncertainty, the resulting uncertainty is very difficult to describe, but as the number of such sources increases, the resulting distribution get close to an easy-to-analyze normal one -- and indeed, normal distributions are ubiquitous. We show that such limit theorems often make analysis of complex systems easier -- i.e., lead to blessing of dimensionality phenomenon -- for …

What Is 1/0 From The Practical Viewpoint: A Pedagogical Note, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

What is 1/0? Students are first taught -- in elementary school -- that it is undefined, then -- in calculus -- then it is infinity. In both cases, the answer is usually provided based on abstract reasoning. But what about the practical meaning? In this paper, we show that, depending on the specific practical problem, we can have different answers to this question: in some practical problems, the correct answer is that 1/0 is undefined, in others, the correct answer is that 1/0 =0 -- and there are probably other practical problems where we can have different answers. Bottom line: …

Technological Tethereds: Potential Impact Of Untrustworthy Artificial Intelligence In Criminal Justice Risk Assessment Instruments, Sonia M. Gipson Rankin

Faculty Scholarship

Issues of racial inequality and violence are front and center in today’s society, as are issues surrounding artificial intelligence (AI). This Article, written by a law professor who is also a computer scientist, takes a deep dive into understanding how and why hacked and rogue AI creates unlawful and unfair outcomes, particularly for persons of color.

Black Americans are disproportionally featured in criminal justice, and their stories are obfuscated. The seemingly endless back-to-back murders of George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, and Ahmaud Arbery, and heartbreakingly countless others have finally shaken the United States from its slumbering journey towards intentional criminal justice …

Selfish Gene Theory Explains Oedipus Complex, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Sigmund Freud famously placed what he called Oedipus complex at the center of his explanation of psychological and psychiatric problems. Freund's analysis was based on anecdotal evidence and intuition, not on solid experiments -- as a result, for a long time, many psychologists dismissed the universality of Freud's findings. However, lately, experiments seem to confirm that indeed men, on average, select wives who resemble their mothers, and women select husbands who resemble their mothers. In this paper, we provide a possible biological explanation for this observational phenomenon.

Learned Dual-View Reflection Removal, Simon Niklaus, Xuaner Cecilia Zhang, Jonathan T. Barron, Neal Wadhwa, Rahul Garg, Feng Liu, Tianfan Xue

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Traditional reflection removal algorithms either use a single image as input, which suffers from intrinsic ambiguities, or use multiple images from a moving camera, which is inconvenient for users. We instead propose a learning-based dereflection algorithm that uses stereo images as input. This is an effective trade-off between the two extremes: the parallax between two views provides cues to remove reflections, and two views are easy to capture due to the adoption of stereo cameras in smartphones. Our model consists of a learning-based reflection-invariant flow model for dual-view registration, and a learned synthesis model for combining aligned image pairs. Because …

Fact-Checking Of Claims From The English Wikipedia Using Evidence In The Wild, Aalok Sathe

Honors Theses

Automated fact checking is a task in the domain of Natural Language Processing that deals with the verification of claims using evidence. Fact checking is becoming increasingly important as large amounts of human-generated information accumulate online. In the recent past, our society has witnessed large-scale spread of disinformation via the internet that has time and again led to noticeable disruptions in the fabric of society. Fact-checking would help mitigate the spread of disinformation by allowing large magnitudes of content to be automatically evaluated for disinformation. In this work, we construe and tackle multiple subtasks of fact checking using labeled data …

Making The Easy Accessibility Package, Aaron G. Trudeau

Honors Projects

The Easy Accessibility Package is a code package for Unity (a game engine bundled with game development software) that is meant to help video game developers quickly and easily make their games accessible to disabled gamers. The two main features I include in the project were remappable controls (changing which button performs which in-game action) and screen reader support (reading on screen text or game status aloud), both of which are vital to making games accessible.

The repository for the project at the time of submission can be found here: https://github.com/trudeaua21/EasyAccessibilityPackage/tree/v0.1-alpha

The up-to-date repository for the project can be found …

Multi-Robot Coordination With Environmental Disturbances, Adem Coskun

Theses and Dissertations

Multi-robot systems are increasingly deployed in environments where they interact with humans. From the perspective of a robot, such interaction could be considered a disturbance that causes a well-planned trajectory to fail. This dissertation addresses the problem of multi-robot coordination in scenarios where the robots may experience unexpected delays in their movements.

Prior work by Čáp, Gregoire, and Frazzoli introduced a control law, called RMTRACK, which enables robots in such scenarios to execute pre-planned paths in spite of disturbances that affect the execution speed of each robot while guaranteeing that each robot can reach its goal without collisions and without …

The Role Of Privacy Within The Realm Of Healthcare Wearables' Acceptance And Use, Thomas Jernejcic

Masters Theses & Doctoral Dissertations

The flexibility and vitality of the Internet along with technological innovation have fueled an industry focused on the design of portable devices capable of supporting personal activities and wellbeing. These compute devices, known as wearables, are unique from other computers in that they are portable, specific in function, and worn or carried by the user. While there are definite benefits attributable to wearables, there are also notable risks, especially in the realm of security where personal information and/or activities are often accessible to third parties. In addition, protecting one’s private information is regularly an afterthought and thus lacking in maturity. …

Sistemi I Menaxhimit Të Laboratorit Mjekësor, Gramos Feka

Theses and Dissertations

Jeta po bëhet shumë e vështirë për të bërë takime mjekësore personalisht dhe për të mbajtur një kujdes të duhur shëndetësor. Ideja kryesore e kësaj pune është të sigurojë lehtësi dhe rehati për pacientët gjatë caktimit së terminit dhe gjithashtu zgjidh problemet me të cilat pacientët duhet të përballen gjatë caktimit të terminit. Ai u mundëson ofruesve të kujdesit shëndetësor të përmirësojnë efektivitetin operacional, të ulin kostot, të zvogëlojnë gabimet mjekësore, të zvogëlojnë konsumin e kohës dhe të përmirësojnë ofrimin e cilësisë së kujdesit. Ky sistem ndihmon në zvogëlimin e problemeve që ndodhin kur përdorni sistemin manual dhe ndihmon pacientët …

Sfidat E Kujdesit Shëndetësorë Dhe Roli I Teknologjisë Informative Në Të, Maltisa Dërmaku

Theses and Dissertations

Teknologjia informative ka ndryshuar jetët tona në shumë aspekte. Jemi të vetëdijshëm së pa të do ktheheshim mbrapa në kohë me ngecje në shumë procese.

Jo vetëm bizneset, por individët, studentët, pacientët dhe secili prej nesh përdorë aplikacionet për ta bërë jetën më të lehtë dhe më të përshtatshme të cilat janë larg nesh vetem një klikim të një butoni.

Teknologjia e informacionit po na ndihmon të përparojmë me shpejtësi të madhe.

Ky punim kryesisht fokusohet në rolin e teknologjisë informative në industrinë e shëndetësisë. Më saktësisht, në zhvillimin e sistemeve shëndetësore për ruajtjen e të dhënave, ku paraqitet e …

Krahasimi Në Mes Të Amazon Web Services Dhe Microsoft Azure, Albert Gojani

Theses and Dissertations

Shërbimet e teknologjisë Cloud në shekullin të cilin jetojmë e kanë lehtësuar shumë mënyrën se si shumë biznese ose individ operojnë në fushën e IT-së. Realizimi i një mjedisi klasik në një kompani është shumë i kushtueshëm duke marrë parasysh se ju duhet të siguroni pajisje të ndryshme të IT-së, server, disqe për ruajtjen e të dhënave në bazë të kapaciteteve të nevojshme, fuqi procesuese, trajnim të stafit, punësim i ndonjë eksperti i cili po ashtu ka kosto etj. Të gjitha këto të cilat u cekën më lartë ofrohen nga disa kompani që janë liderë në tregun e teknologjisë Cloud …

Sistemi Për Menaxhimin E Shitjeve Së Librave Në Internet, Ahmat Mehmeti

Theses and Dissertations

Objektivi kryesor i projektit është krijimi i një dyqani online librash që lejon përdoruesit të kërkojnë dhe blejnë një libër në internet bazuar në titullin, autorin dhe subjektin. Në procesin e përmirësimit të standardit të jetesës së njerëzve, kërkesat e njerëzve për cilësinë dhe efikasitetin e jetës janë më të larta. Një shqetësim rreth librarisë tradicionale është shfaqur gradualisht kur libraria online gradualisht ka filluar të përdoret në publik. Libraria në internet është një revolucion i industrisë së librit. Koha, adresa dhe hapësira e funksionimit të librarive tradicionale është e kufizuar, kështu që llojet e librave dhe gjetja e tyre …

Përmirësimi I Metodës Së Mësimit Përmes Përsëritjeve Së Kohëpaskohshme - Memoapp, Edin Mehmeti

Theses and Dissertations

Të mësosh diçka të re dhe të mos e harrosh atë është një aftësi që çdokush e dëshiron. Ka të atillë që e kanë këtë aftësi dhe arrijnë të mbajnë në mend për një kohë të gjatë atë që kanë mësuar, por ka edhe të atillë që pas një kohe të shkurtër harrojnë atë që sapo kanë mësuar. Me anë të përsëritjeve të kohëpaskohshme, të rilexojnë pas një kohe të caktuar atë që kanë mësuar, këta të fundit mund të përmirësojnë metodën e tyre të mësimit dhe në këtë mënyrë gjërat e reja të sapomësuara mund t’i mbajnë në mend …

Dallimi Mes Databazave Relacionale (Sql) Dhe Jorelacionale (Nosql), Vesa Kelmendi

Theses and Dissertations

Databazat relacionale mund të konsiderohen tipike tradicionale për rolin dhe përdorueshmërinë që zotërojnë aktualisht. Pavarësisht që janë përdorur dhe vazhdojnë të përdoren për zgjidhje të problemeve të ndryshme, përdorimi i tyre po zbehet dhe mbulohet nga përdorimi i databazave jorelacionale, NoSQL, të cilat kanë fleksibilitet dhe kapacitet më të madh për t’u përgjigjur në kërkesat gjithnjë në rritje të teknologjisë, biznesit, apo fushave tjera.

Aktualisht, shohim tendencë të qartë të përdorimit të databazave në kohë reale (real-time databases) të cilat kanë mundësuar zgjidhjen e problemeve me të dhënat të cilat ndryshojnë në mënyrë dinamike. Këto të dhëna përpunohen dhe transmetohen …

Privacyprimer: Towards Privacy-Preserving Episodic Memory Support For Older Adults, Thivya Kandappu, Vigneshwaran Subbaraju, Qianli Xu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Built-in pervasive cameras have become an integral part of mobile/wearable devices and enabled a wide range of ubiquitous applications with their ability to be "always-on". In particular, life-logging has been identified as a means to enhance the quality of life of older adults by allowing them to reminisce about their own life experiences. However, the sensitive images captured by the cameras threaten individuals' right to have private social lives and raise concerns about privacy and security in the physical world. This threat gets worse when image recognition technologies can link images to people, scenes, and objects, hence, implicitly and unexpectedly …

Multi-Domain Dialogue State Tracking With Recursive Inference, Lizi Liao, Tongyao Zhu, Le Hong Long, Tat-Seng Chua

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Multi-domain dialogue state tracking (DST) is a critical component for monitoring user goals during the course of an interaction. Existing approaches have relied on dialogue history indiscriminately or updated on the most recent turns incrementally. However, in spite of modeling it based on fixed ontology or open vocabulary, the former setting violates the interactive and progressing nature of dialogue, while the later easily gets affected by the error accumulation conundrum. Here, we propose a Recursive Inference mechanism (ReInf) to resolve DST in multi-domain scenarios that call for more robust and accurate tracking capability. Specifically, our agent reversely reviews the dialogue …

Cybersecurity Risk Assessment Using Graph Theoretical Anomaly Detection And Machine Learning, Goksel Kucukkaya

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The cyber domain is a great business enabler providing many types of enterprises new opportunities such as scaling up services, obtaining customer insights, identifying end-user profiles, sharing data, and expanding to new communities. However, the cyber domain also comes with its own set of risks. Cybersecurity risk assessment helps enterprises explore these new opportunities and, at the same time, proportionately manage the risks by establishing cyber situational awareness and identifying potential consequences. Anomaly detection is a mechanism to enable situational awareness in the cyber domain. However, anomaly detection also requires one of the most extensive sets of data and features …

Predictions Of Knee Joint Contact Forces Using Only Kinematic Inputs With A Recurrent Neural Network, Kaileigh Elisabeth Estler

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

BACKGROUND: Knee joint contact (bone on bone) forces are commonly estimated using surrogate measures such as external knee adduction moments (with limited success) or musculoskeletal modeling (more successful). Despite its capabilities, modeling is not optimal for clinicians or persons with limited experience and knowledge. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design a novel prediction method for knee joint contact forces that is equal or more accurate than modeling, yet simplistic in terms of required inputs. METHODS: This study included all six subjects’ (71.3±6.5kg, 1.7±0.1m) data from the opensource “Grand Challenge” datasets (simtk.org) and two subjects from the "CAMS" …

Learning And Simulation Algorithms For Constraint Physical Systems, Shuqi Yang

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

This thesis explores two computational approaches to learn and simulate complex physical systems exhibiting constraint characteristics. The target applications encompass both solids and fluids. On the solid side, we proposed a new family of data-driven simulators to predict the behaviors of an unknown physical system by learning its underpinning constraints. We devised a neural projection operator facilitated by an embedded recursive neural network to interactively enforce the learned underpinning constraints and to predict its various physical behaviors. Our method can automatically uncover a broad range of constraints from observation point data, such as length, angle, bending, collision, boundary effects, and …