Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Parameter Optimization Using A Hierarchical System Of Learning Automata, Brian T. Mitchell

Dissertations

Many problems in adaptive control, pattern recognition, filtering, identification, and artificial intelligence can be viewed as parameter optimization problems. The learning automation approach to these problems has two distinct advantages over the classic hill climbing methods: (1) the parameter space need not be metric and (2) a global rather than local optimum can be found. Unfortunately, these advantages do not come without corresponding difficulties, namely the problem of high dimensionality. A hierarchical system of learning automata has been used to reduce this problem somewhat, but inefficiencies still remain since the current hierarchical system was balanced and static hierarchical learning automaton …

Sedimentation Rate Of Salt Determined By Micrometeorite Analysis, James Matthew Barnett

Masters Theses

The sedimentation rate of the A-l Evaporite of Michigan was determined by analysis of micrometeorites found as inclusions in the halite deposit. The samples were obtained from the Dow Chemical Company salt well number eight. The residue from the dissolved salt was magnetically separated and later analyzed by Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE), X-ray diffraction , and microprobe techniques. The amount of extraterrestrial material was determined from the quantity of nickel present.

A sedimentation rate of .01 to .4 centimeters per year was calculated for the salt based on a constant influx rate of meteoritic material of 1 x 10 …

The Geology And Geochemistry Of The Summit Creek Molybdenum Prospect, Custer County, Idaho, Thomas Murray Hanna

Masters Theses

The Summit Creek stock, a molybdenum prospect located in the Pioneer Mountains of central Idaho, is a 46.7 m.y. old medium grained, slightly porphyritic quartz monzonite, which has intruded the late Ordovician Phi Kappa formation. Trend surface analysis shows that the stock is the product of one intrusive event. Pervasive mineral alteration usually associated with such porphyry (stockwork) molybdenum deposits is not present in this pluton, and the alteration that is present is confined to local faults and fractures.

Geochemical and petrographic evidence suggest that the pluton is a felsic differentiate from a melt which originated at a depth of …

Electrical Resistivity Survey Near The "Kl" Avenue Landfill, Kalamazoo County, Michigan, David W. Hall

Masters Theses

The KL Avenue Landfill near Kalamazoo, Michigan has recently become an area of ground water contamination. As of April, 1979, the landfill was closed due to contaminated wells to the west. This area was chosen to study because preliminary electrical resistivity surveys indicated that the approximate areal extent and depth of the contamination may be located without the additional cost of drilling wells. It is the intent of this study to use the Schlumberger Vertical Electrical Sounding method to construct a hydrogeologic model for this area.

This study is a rather critical test of the Schlumberger VES method in a …

The Geology Of Burnt Ridge Quadrangle And Vicinity Ravalli County, Montana, Randall Reichert

Masters Theses

Peltitic schist, quartzofeldspathic gneiss, and calc-silicate rocks of the Precambrian Belt Supergroup hav ebeen intruded by granatic plutons of the northeastern Idaho batholith within the vicinity of the southern Bitterroot Range, Montana. These units were mylonitized along the eastern margin of the intrusive complex, with shear surfaces presently dipping approximately 20° to the east. Rhyolitic ash flows and associated mafic to felsic dikes developed on and within the granitic-metamorphic terrance during Tertiary time. Numerous northeast- trending and northwest-trending faults and joints are present throughout the mapped region.

The following events play a major role in the geologic history: 1) amphibolite- …

A Learning Strategy For A Class Of Probabilistic Automata, Lyle Amos Reibling

Masters Theses

A learning strategy is developed for a class of probabilistic automata. Given an input sequence to the probabilistic automaton* and the output sequence arising from the probabilistic transition function of the automaton* the learning strategy will conjecture the probabilistic automata which cover the input - output sequence observed and will infer the probabilistic transition structure of the conjectured automata.

Kinetics And Mechanism Of Acylation Of Amines With 2-Naphthoyl Azide, Abraham L. Faburada

Dissertations

The reaction of 2-naphthoyl azide with primary and secondary amines in protic and aprotic solvents follows second-order kinetics. The effect of increasing solvent polarity is shown to increase the rate of reaction. For amines of similar basicity, the rate of reaction decreases with increasing steric hindrance on the amine. The changes in free energy and entropy of activation for n-butylamine and cyclohexylamine are in accord with steric requirements of amines. For amines of similar steric hindrance, the rate of reaction increases with increasing amine basicity. The mechanism of addition-elimination involving the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate is consistent with the …

Geology Newsletter- 1982, Department Of Geology

Geological and Environmental Sciences News

Vol. 1 No. 7

• Dear Alumni and Friends
• Capital Fund Drive
• Geology/ Earth Science Club News
• Faculty News
• Alumni News

Pennsylvanian Deltaic Sedimentation In Grand Ledge, Michigan, Jeffrey R. Martin

Masters Theses

Pennsylvanian outcrops along the Michigan Basin's southern/margin are composed of fluvial-deltaic and marine shelf sediments. Constructive deltaic facies include point-bar sandstones displaying erosional bases, channel lag, and upward decreasing grain size and sedimentary structures. Cross-stratification data indicate a unimodal, highly variant, northward-trending, paleocurrent pattern that deviates from regional paleoslope. Point-bar sandstones record delta plain deposition by meandering distributary channels. Channel margin facies include Lingula-bearing, interdistributary bay shales; overlain gradationally by laminated, flaser-bedded and rooted marsh shales and siltstones; and subbituminous swamp coal. Bay-fill facies are interrupted by lens-shaped, quartz-poor, fine-grained, crevasse-- splay sandstones.

Delta destructive facies--quartz -rich bioturbated sandstone-- suggest …

A Study Of Flow Languages, Vector Machines, Petri Nets And Convex Languages, Shyam Kishore Bajpai

Masters Theses

In this work, relations have been established among vector machines and augmented vector machines, vector machines and Petri nets, and augmented vector machines and generalized Petri nets. At each stage, number of examples are given to illustrate the theory of Petri nets, vector machines and augmented vector machines.

A Computer Assisted Instruction Package For Computer Graphics, Robert Normand Dutilly

Masters Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to:

(1) Present the concepts and significance of Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI).

(2) Demonstrate the usefulness of CAI by the implementation of a system to instruct in the fundamentals of Computer Graphics.

(3) Describe methods used for implementing a large CAI package on a microcomputer.

(4) Development of software tools to assist in the creation of CAI programs.

The paper will also cover the historical perspectives on the growth of CAI, its impact on the educational field and the proper construction of CAI materials. The system is written in the UCSD Pascal computer programming …

The Origin Of Carbonate Cements In Bahama Escarpment Limestones, Katharine D. Fulker

Masters Theses

Limestones recovered from Bahama Escarpment dives (DSRV Alvin, 1978) were expected to contain shallow marine, freshwater, and deep marine cementation since the limestones had been fractured, bored, and cemented at depth. Magnesium and trace element concentrations, carbon-oxygen composition, cathodoluminescence, and petrographic study indicated the presence of all three cement types.

Lithification may have proceeded by allochem deposition, major shallow marine cementation, sparse freshwater cementation leaving porosity, fracturing, and final deep marine cementation leaving minor porosity. According to this interpretation, the pore space remained open for an unlikely 75-115 million years. In an alternative interpretation, pore space is occluded after freshwater …

Kinetics Of Ternary Complex Formation Reactions Of The Nickel(Ii) Complexes Of Ethylenediaminediacetate And Triethylenetetramine With Bidentate Donors, Lawrence H. Kolopajlo

Dissertations

The stopped-flow technique was used to measure rate constants for ternary complex formation involving both NiEDDA and Ni(trien)('2+), and bidentate donors. The reactions of both NiEDDA and Ni(trien)('2+) with bipy, phen, en, and sar were studied. In addition the reaction of NiEDDA and gly was studied. The reactions were of the first-order with respect to either nickel complex, and with respect to enH('+), bipy, and phen. The reactions involving phen and bipy were independent of pH and were reversible. The formation rate constants for the systems containing diamine reactants are as follows:

(DIAGRAM, TABLE OR GRAPHIC OMITTED...PLEASE SEE DAI)

For …

Determination Of Organophosphorus Compounds By Hplc With Post-Column Photochemical Degradation Followed By The Formation Of Reduced Heieropolymolybdate, Stephen R. Priebe

Dissertations

A novel method for the determination of organophosphorus (OP) compounds by HPLC with post-column photochemical and chemical derivatization reactions has been developed. The OP compounds eluted from the column were photochemically degraded to orthophosphate by the use of a 450 W xenon lamp in conjunction with an auxiliary photodegradation reagent. The photodegradation reaction was studied extensively by means of batch irradiations with triethylphosphate as a model compound. The effects of the initial concentrations of triethylphosphate and ammonium peroxydisulfate, and of varying the pH of the reaction medium were determined. A survey of potential interferences was performed. Copper(II) ion was found …

Random Factors And Isofactors In Graphs And Digraphs, John Frederick Fink

Dissertations

A factor is a spanning sub(di)graph of a (di)graph. Factors that are generated by an algorithm that incorporates an element of randomness are often called random factors. An isofactor is essentially a factor G that is either empty or for which there exists a connected regular (di)graph H having a nontrivial G-factorization. Several topics, each concerning random factors or isofactors, are investigated in this dissertation. An historical introduction to these topics is given in Chapter I.

In Chapter II we define an antipath and say that a digraph is randomly antitraceable if every nonspanning antipath can be extended (at its …

The Effects Of Precipitation On The Quality Of Ground Water And Leachate Seeps At A Stabilizing Landfill, Nicholas C. Pogoncheff

Masters Theses

A monitoring program was established at a landfill in Kalamazoo County, southwestern Michigan to determine the effects of precipitation on selected parameters in landfill lechate as surface seeps and ground water. Approximately 280 ground-water and surface-water samples were collected from monitoring wells and leachate seeps during more than 11 precipitation events throughout the summer and fall of 1981 and analyzed for specific conductance, pH, chloride, and iron.

Results of the study indicate that infiltration through the refuse due to precipitation is a major factor in controlling the levels of selected leachate characteristics and that with high infiltration rates concentrations will …

Recipe Design And Management In A Nutritional Data Base System, Robert G. Trenary

Masters Theses

The Nutritional Data Base System (NDBS) is an interactive information system which provides the user the ability to create and process menus, recipes and food items. Three primary program modules are thus indicated along with modules to translate user requests and process file and directory information. A discussion of standard data base concepts and an application of these concepts to the processing of recipes in the NDBS system is presented. Future possible expansions are suggested and other similar information systems are discussed.

A Computer System For Understanding English Text In A Kindergarten Story, Janice Anne Freyburger

Masters Theses

A computer system for natural language understanding is presented in this thesis. The system attempts to understand English in a limited domain, a kindergarten-level story about three frogs and a puppy. The system is designed with two modes of operations: the text of the story is processed and its information incorporated into a knowledge database; and as a test of the system's understanding, the system answers questions from the user about the text. If any parts of the test or questions cannot be processed, the user is asked for clarification. The functions of this system are described and analyzed. A …

The Online Subject/Title Catalog Of Western Michigan University, James N. Sleep

Masters Theses

An online subject searchable catalog has been developed to allow public access to the OCLC-MARC subscription tapes of the Western Michigan University Libraries. The system has been implemented on the Western Michigan University Academic Computer Center DECsystem-10 computer and is currently running with access to nearly one hundred thousand citations. During the design of the Online Subject/Title Catalog, statistical analysis of the source data was performed. Paper products based on the OCLC-MARC subscription tapes, such as KWOC indexes, were also developed. A novel feature of this project was the use of SN0B0L4 as the main computer language used.

Nitrate Levels In The Groundwater Of Kalamazoo County, Michigan, William Robert Norman

Masters Theses

Nitrate levels from 1,978 wells were compiled and analyzed to identify areas having levels above the Federal and State Drinking Water Standards of 10 ppm, identify possible sources of nitrate in each area and determine factors that produce high concentrations of nitrate in groundwater.

Eighteen areas in which nitrate concentrations exceeded 10 ppm were identified. County-wide, 465 (23 percent) of the wells for which data were available produced water with nitrate concentrations above drinking water standards.

Septic tank effluent is thought to be the most common source of nitrate in the problem areas. Agricultural practices are also likely nitrate contrbutors; …

Micellarly Catalyzed Reaction Of Substituted Benzohydroxamic Acids, Nop Utrapiromsuk

Dissertations

The rate constants for hydrolysis of ten derivatives of benzohydroxamic acid, namely, p-H, p-CH(,3), m-CH(,3), p-CH(,3)CH(,2), p-OCH(,3), p-NO(,2), p-Cl, and m-Cl, in 0.160 and 0.158 M HCl at 67.9-68.2(DEGREES)C without and with sodium 1-dodecanesulfonate were determined. There is a good linear correlation between log k(,w) and the Hammett substituent constants, (sigma), for all para and meta derivatives where k(,w) is the rate constant in the bulk aqeous phase. In the presence of micelles all the compounds, except the meta-nitro derivative, followed the standard pseudophase model of micellar catalysis. However, correlations of log k(,m) or log K/N, where k(,m) is the …

The Features And Significance Of Layering And Shearing Within The Zone Of Mylonitization, Northeastern Idaho Batholith, Jon Michael Hermann

Masters Theses

The northeastern border zone of the Idaho batholith contains a north-south trending zone of myionitized gneiss, schist, and granite-granodiorite. The schist and gneiss contain plagioclase augen surrounded by crushed and recrystallized biotite, quartz, feldspar, + muscovite, + hornblende. The granite grades upward from porphyritic rock into augen-bearing mylonitic rocks interlayered with schist and gneiss.

Ground-Water Flow Along The Total Shoreline Of Austin Lake And Its Environmental Contribution To Pollution Of The Lake, William Thomas Williams

Dissertations

The vertical direction of ground-water flow in Austin Lake was determined by placing minipiezometers along the entire shoreline at fifty randomly selected sites. Ground-water samples were taken at each site and the specific conductivity of the water samples was determined along with the chloride and phosphate content. The data were analyzed to determine if there were any relationships among water movement, chemical content, and the presence or absence of an onshore septic tank. The minipiezometer data show that the primary direction of water movement through the sediment-water interface is downward but may become reversed at localized regions as conditions vary. …

Geology Newsletter- 1981, Department Of Geology

Geological and Environmental Sciences News

Vol. 1 No. 6

• Dear Alumni and Friends
• Faculty News
• Alumni News
• Geology Club News

Petrology Of Fluvial And Shoreline Sands In A Modern Arc-Trench Gap, Guatemala, James Robert Bartel

Masters Theses

Petrographic studies of modern sands, derived from areas with known source rocks, climate, relief, environments of deposition, and tectonic setting, are essential for compiling compositional models for ancient sandstones. The Pacific coastal plain of Guatemala is terminated 25-60 km inland by the steep slopes of a row of active Quaternary volcanic and granitic rocks.

Sands being deposited on the coastal plain by the Rio Nahulate, which drains the older volcanic and granitic terrane, show significant compositional differences with those supplied by the Rio Samala, which drains an area dominated by active volcanism: Q₉F₃₅L₅₆ vs. Q …

An Analysis Of Nitrate Concentrations In The Ground-Water Of Antwerp Township, Van Buren County, Michigan, John Emil Klanke

Masters Theses

Private wells were tested for nitrate during the spring of 1979 throughout sections of Antwerp Township, Van Buren County, southwestern Michigan (sections 1-5, 7-22, 24-26, 28-31, 33-36). Water samples were collected from 159 private wells and analyzed for nitrate. Nitrate concentrations ranged from less than 1 mg/1 NO₃-N to 14.6 mg/1 NO₃-N. Seven wells were found to have nitrate concentrations equaling or exceeding the National Interim Primary Drinking Water Standard of 10 mg/1 NO₃-N. Nitrate concentrations were related to age of septic system, well depth below static water level, land use, and soil type. …

Structural Analysis Of Precambrian Metasedimentary Rocks Of The Swede Gulch Formation, Nahant, South Dakota, Richard G. Cookman

Masters Theses

Precambrian X tectonites deformed between thermal domes in the northern Black Hills 1.7 B.Y.B.P. display variably trending isoclinal folds cross-cut by southeast trending slip-folds developed in discrete shear zones. Eugeosynclinal sedimentary rocks consisting of shale, quartzarenite , sublitharenite, and graywacke were metamorphosed to phyllite, quartzite, and metagraywacke during two syntectonic phases and one post-tectonic phase. The earliest syntectonic metamorphism was associated with development of isoclinal folds and may have produced amphibolite or greenschist facies. It was succeeded by retrograde metamorphism of greenschist facies syntectonic with and post-tectonic to development of southeast trending folds.

Mica, chlorite, iron oxides, and graphite are …

Detector Geometry For Cascade Photon Experiments, Roger Minoru Munechika

Masters Theses

An observation of cascading optical photons can be used to determine an absolute excitation cross section for the intermediate state without the need of standard lamp calibration. In order to reduce the data an angular correlation function and an angular distribution function must be known. These functions depend on the alignment of the upper excited state and the polarization of the light emitted in the lower part of the cascade. However, at certain angles of observation the values of the required functions are known regardless of the alignment or polarization. A computer search is done to find these angles for …

The Petrology And Geochemistry Of Keweenawan Diabase Dikes In Ontonagon, Gogebic, Iron And Dickinson Counties, Michigan, James J. Hahnenberg

Masters Theses

Petrographic and chemical studies of Keeweenawan-age diabase dikes in Michigan's Upper Peninsula show two major groupings, Porcupine Mountain dikes and Lower Keweenawan dikes consist of two major rock types, fine-grained smaller dikes and the coarse-grained central portions of larger dikes. Major minerals are subophitic plagioclase and pyroxene. The rocks, as compared to the "average" basalts, are low in Al₂0₃, high in Ti0₂, K₂0, P₂0₅ and contain moderate amounts of Fe0_t. They are classified as quartz tholeiites. Several parental magma sources that would account for these and other …

The Hydrologic Factors That Control Carbonate Hardness In Kalamazoo County Lakes, Southwestern Michigan, Linda Brittain Fenner

Masters Theses

The range and distribution of carbonate hardness in Kalamazoo County lakes were determined and hydrologic factors thought to control hardness were evaluated. Surface-water samples were collected from thirty- five randomly selected lakes in October, 1980. Carbonate hardness ranged from 16 to 244 mg/1 with 61 percent above 120 mg/1. Ten hydrologic variables were analyzed with respect to lake hardness. Lakes with a surface-water inlet were a ll hard (greater than 180 mg/1) and lakes at least two meters higher than the approximate ground-water table were all relatively soft (less than 100 mg/1). No direct correlations were found between the other …