Periodontics and Periodontology Commons^™

Porphyromonas Gingivalis Gingipains Induce A Pro-Inflammatory Extracellular Microenvironment : The Role Of Par-2 And Fibronectin., Jeffrey S. Marschall

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is characterized by severe tissue destruction of the gingiva and other tooth supporting structures; if left untreated, tooth loss and disintegration of the alveolar bone occurs. This chronic inflammatory state has been linked to other systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer’s disease. Porphyromonas gingivalis is the major pathogenic microbe in periodontitis. The main virulence factors of P. gingivalis are the Arg-aa and Lys-aa gingipains, which are proteolytic enzymes implicated in a plethora of activities that allow P. gingivalis to subvert the human immune system in the oral cavity …

Finasteride Adverse Effects And Post-Finasteride Syndrome; Implications For Dentists, Stana Paunica, Marina Giurgiu, Andrei Vasilache, Ioana Paunica, Ion Motofei, Adriana Vasilache, Horia Traian Dumitriu, Anca Silvia Dumitriu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Finasteride is a 5α-reductase inhibitor widely used in present in the therapeutic approach of androgenic alopecia. Adverse effects consist in variable sign and symptoms, the most common being represented by mental troubles (reduced feeling of life pleasure or emotions, depression), physical impairments (loss of muscle tone and/or mass) and sexual complains (loss of libido and sexual potency). An increasing number of studies identify and describe even a post-finasteride syndrome (persistent adverse affects three months or more after finasteride cessation) or new adverse effects including but not limited at the skin level or oral cavity (marginal periodontium).

We intend to present …

The Effects Of Amixicile, A Pyruvate Ferredoxin Oxidoreductase Inhibitor, On Oral Treponemes, Lucas A. Reed

Theses and Dissertations

Periodontal disease (PD) is a polymicrobial infection characterized by inflammation of the gingiva, alveolar bone resorption, and tooth loss (edentulism). Treponema denticola along with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia are among the “Red Complex” and are main etiological agents in PD. Treponemes are a member of the Spirochaeta phylum and are obligate anaerobes, that express pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR). The enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and reduced ferredoxin. Amixicile is a novel bacteriostatic derivative of nitazoxanide and an inhibitor of PFOR. In light of the fact that Treponemes express PFOR, this study was conducted to investigate the …

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture In Association With Systemic And Local Factors As Potential Predictors Of Implant Failure, Diego A. Camacho Dmd

Theses and Dissertations

Clinicians have described the success rates of dental implants. The use of implants is projected to increase in the future. With a 5-10% failure rate, it is unclear the exact factors that are associated with implant failures. To improve upon these success rates, it is critical to understand parameters associated with implant failure including: periodontitis, peri-implantitis, systemic diseases, site preparation, dental history of the implant site, bone quality, materials, occlusion, and treatment timelines. While bone quality is associated with failure, objective measures to assess bone quality and characteristics are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine whether …

Treatment Of A Periodontic-Endodontic Lesion In A Patient With Aggressive Periodontitis, Mina D. Fahmy, Paul G. Luepke, Mohamed Ibrahim, Arndt Guentsch

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Case Description: This case report describes the successful management of a left mandibular first molar with a combined periodontic-endodontic lesion in a 35-year-old Caucasian woman with aggressive periodontitis using a concerted approach including endodontic treatment, periodontal therapy, and a periodontal regenerative procedure using an enamel matrix derivate. In spite of anticipated poor prognosis, the tooth lesion healed. This case report also discusses the rationale behind different treatment interventions. Practical Implication. Periodontic-endodontic lesions can be successfully treated if dental professionals follow a concerted treatment protocol that integrates endodontic and periodontic specialties. General dentists can be the gatekeepers in managing …

Synthesis And Functional Evaluation Of Peptide Modified Poly (Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles To Inhibit Porphyromonas Gingivalis Biofilm Formation., Paridhi Kalia

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Periodontal disease is an oral inflammatory disorder that afflicts roughly 46% of the adults in the U.S. Currently, treatment of periodontal disease involves the removal of plaque from the gingival pocket (with possible antibiotic treatment) and if necessary, gingival surgery. To our knowledge, no therapeutic approach exists that promotes host-biofilm homeostasis by limiting pathogen recolonization of the oral cavity after prophylaxis or treatment. The interaction of the pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis with commensal streptococci is critical for initiation of periodontitis and represents a target for limiting P. gingivalis colonization of the oral cavity. Previous studies showed that a synthetic peptide …

Effect Of Chemical Pocket Disinfection As An Adjunct To Non-Surgical Maintenance Therapy Of Inflamed Periodontal Pockets, Chad Riggs

Theses & Dissertations

Purpose: Scaling and root planing with adjunctive chemical pocket disinfection (SRP+C) utilizing sodium hypochlorite solution has been used to treat inflamed pockets of periodontal maintenance patients for many years, without evidence of its benefits. The primary objective was to determine if SRP+C is more effective than scaling and root planing alone (SRP) in improving clinical outcomes. The secondary objective was to compare the effect of SRP+C and SRP on pro-inflammatory IL-1β, anti-inflammatory IL-1ra, and anti-inflammatory index (IL-1ra/IL-1β ratio) found in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF).

Materials and Methods: Pockets (≥ 5 mm and BOP) of 31 maintenance patients were included. Test …

Prevention Of Experimental Periodontitis In Rats With A Simvastatin Prodrug, Aaron Bradley

Theses & Dissertations

Introduction: Simvastatin (SIM) is a hypolipidemic drug that has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and bone anabolic properties. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of novel locally-applied SIM conjugated with methoxypolyethylene glycol to form micelles (SIM/SIM-mPEG) in an experimental periodontitis model in rats using micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) and histologic evaluation.

Methods: Experimental periodontitis was induced using silk ligatures around the maxillary right second molar (M2) in 40 Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were divided into five groups using SIM/SIM-mPEG at 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 mg SIM doses, mPEG-alone or no drug (ligature-alone) injected into the palatal M1-M2 gingiva …

Correlation Of Periodontal Pathogens In Concurrent Endodontic-Periodontal Diseases, Amela Lačević, Federico Foschi, Lejla Pojskić, Naris Pojskić, Kasim Bajrović, Jacques Izard

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Objectives: This study investigated the correlation between Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans at dual sites in concurrent endodonticperiodontal diseases.

Material and methods: Samples were collected from endodontium and periodontium in cases of concurrent endodontic-periodontal diseases from thirty participants. The sensitivity and specificity of SYBR Green real-time PCR was used to identify the targeted species. Absolute number of targeted genome copies in tested samples were extrapolated from respective calibration curve.

Results: No statistical difference was found in the number of detected endodontic-periodontal pathogens between the endodontium and periodontium. The Pearson test …

Sustained Release Of Calcium Hydroxide From Poly(Dl-Lactide-Co-Glycolide) Acid Microspheres For Apexification, Bernardino Isaac Cerda-Cristerna, Alejandro Breceda-Leija, Verónica Méndez-González, Daniel Chavarría-Bolaños, Héctor Flores-Reyes, Arturo Garrocho-Rangel, Takashi Komabayashi, Aniket S. Wadajkar, Amaury J. Pozos-Guillén

Dental Medicine Faculty Publications

Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) loaded poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) acid (PLGA) microspheres (MS) might be employed for apexification requiring a sustained release of Ca++. The aim of this study was to formulate and characterize Ca(OH)2-PLGA-MS. The Ca(OH)2-loaded MS were prepared by either oil-in-water (O/W) or water-in-oil/in-water (W/O/W) emulsion solvent evaporation technique. MS produced by the O/W technique exhibited a larger diameter (18.63 ± 7.23 μm) than the MS produced by the W/O/W technique (15.25 ± 7.37 μm) (Mann Whitney U test P < 0.001). The Ca(OH)2 encapsulation efficiency and Ca++ release were calculated from data obtained by absorption techniques. Ca++ release profile was evaluated for 30 days. The percentage of encapsulation efficiency of the O/W-produced MS was higher (24%) than the corresponding percentage of the W/O/W-produced MS (11%). O/W- and W/O/W-produced MS released slower and lower Ca++ than a control Ca(OH)2 paste with polyethylene glycol 400 (ANOVA 1 way, Tukey HSD P < 0.01). O/W-produced MS released higher Ca++ than W/O/W-produced MS (statistically significant differences with t-Student test). We concluded that Ca(OH)2-PLGA-MS were successfully formulated; the technique of formulation influenced on the size, encapsulation efficiency and release profile. The MS were better sustained release system than the Ca(OH)2 paste.

Periodontal Disease: Molecular Visualization Through Computer Modeling And 3d Printing, Catherine Chatowsky

Senior Honors Projects

Periodontal disease is a common infection that damages gingival tissue and creates jawbone destruction that can lead to the loosening or loss of teeth. Hundreds of diverse bacterial species reside in the harsh environment of the oral cavity. The creation of plaque and biofilms serve to allow the bacteria to avoid immune-mediated destruction. This project analyzed periodontal disease pathogens using molecular printing 3D visualization. Two bacterial species (T. denticola and P. gingivalis) were chosen from the public resource: Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics: Protein Data Bank. T. denticola was a bacteria found to have a binding protein (FhbB) …

Chemokine Function In Periodontal Disease And Oral Cavity Cancer, Sinem Esra Sahingur, W. Andrew Yeudall

Periodontics Publications

The chemotactic cytokines, or chemokines, comprise a superfamily of polypeptides with a wide range of activities that include recruitment of immune cells to sites of infection and inflammation, as well as stimulation of cell proliferation. As such, they function as antimicrobial molecules and play a central role in host defenses against pathogen challenge. However, their ability to recruit leukocytes and potentiate or prolong the inflammatory response may have profound implications for the progression of oral diseases such as chronic periodontitis, where tissue destruction may be widespread. Moreover, it is increasingly recognized that chronic inflammation is a key component of tumor …

The Role Of Leukocyte-Platelet Rich Fibrin In Human Alveolar Ridge Preservation: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Thomas F. Glazier, Thomas C. Waldrop, John C. Gunsolley, Robert Sabatini

Theses and Dissertations

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to examine the healing of intact extraction sockets grafted with leukocyte-platelet rich fibrin (L-PRF) as compared to sockets grafted with freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA) and a resorbable collagen barrier membrane (RCM).

METHODS: This prospective randomized, examiner blinded pilot study included 17 subjects randomized to two treatment groups. Serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), 25-hydroxyvitamin-D₃, and platelet counts were determined preoperatively in all subjects. The experimental arm consisted of 8 posterior tooth-bounded intact extraction sites receiving L-PRF plugs. The control group consisted of 9 posterior tooth-bounded intact extraction sites receiving FDBA …

Peracetic Acid: A Practical Agent For Sterilizing Heat-Labile Polymeric Tissue-Engineering Scaffolds, William R. Trahan

Theses and Dissertations

Advanced biomaterials and sophisticated processing technologies aim to fabricate tissue-engineering scaffolds that can predictably interact within a biological environment at a cellular level. Sterilization of such scaffolds is at the core of patient safety and is an important regulatory issue that needs to be addressed prior to clinical translation. In addition, it is crucial that meticulously engineered micro- and nano- structures are preserved after sterilization. Conventional sterilization methods involving heat, steam and radiation are not compatible with engineered polymeric systems because of scaffold degradation and loss of architecture. Using electrospun scaffolds made from polycaprolactone (PCL), a low melting polymer, and …

Characterization Of Leukocyte-Platelet Rich Fibrin, A Novel Biomaterial, Fadi K. Hasan

Theses and Dissertations

Autologous platelet concentrates represent promising innovative tools in the field of regenerative medicine and are successfully used in oral surgery. Several commercial systems exist that generate various forms of platelet concentrates including Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF). The alpha- granules of entrapped platelets release a variety of peptide growth factors that promotes healing. Usually PRP is a suspension that can be injected into the site of injury or used as a gel with the addition of thrombin (PRP-gel). In contrast Choukroun’s L-PRF is a dense fibrin based biomaterial enriched with platelets and growth factors. The physical state of …

Cytokine Gene Expression Profiles During Initiation, Progression And Resolution Of Periodontitis, Jeffrey L. Ebersole, Sreenatha S. Kirakodu, Michael John Novak, Arnold J. Stromberg, Shu Shen, Luis Orraca, Janis Gonzalez-Martinez, Armando Burgos, Octavio A. Gonzalez

Center for Oral Health Research Faculty Publications

AIM: Variations in the expression of cytokines during the progression of periodontitis remain ill-defined. We evaluated the expression of 19 cytokine genes related to T-cell phenotype/function during initiation, progression and resolution of periodontitis, and related these to the expression of soft and bone tissue destruction genes (TDGs).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A ligature-induced periodontitis model was used in rhesus monkeys (M. mulatta) (n = 18). Gingival tissues were taken at baseline pre-ligation, 2 weeks and 1 month (Initiation) and 3 months (progression) post ligation. Ligatures were removed and samples taken 2 months later (resolution). Total RNA was isolated and the Rhesus …

Correlating Periodontal Disease And Cardiovascular Disease: A Comparative Study Of Research Methodology, Alexandra Hensen

Honors Theses

This meta-analysis compares and contrasts three types of population-based research methodology currently used to analyze correlations between Periodontal disease and Cardiovascular disease, the most wide spread diseases in the Western industrialized world. The three studies that were analyzed in this thesis include: "Gender Differences in the Relationship Between Periodontal Disease, Tooth Loss, and Atherosclerosis," published in the Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases (2013), this was a cross-sectional population-based study; "Periodontal Disease and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes" published in Diabetes Care (2005), this was a longitudinal population-based study; and "Identification of a Shared Genetic Susceptibility Locus for Coronary Heart …

Factors Affecting Gingival Recession In The Esthetic Zone: A Human Cadaver Study, Christen Sather

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation of gingival recession to the following parameters in fresh cadavers: gingival thickness, buccal bone loss, buccal bone thickness, shape of bony dehiscence defect, and age. A secondary aim was to evaluate predictors for gingival recession.

Sixteen fresh cadavers were used in this study. Gingival recession, facial gingival thickness, alveolar bone loss, and buccal bone thickness were measured at teeth #6-#11 and #22-#27. Sites with a dehiscence (D) or fenestration (F) were presented, and resultant bony defect shape was noted. The correlation of gingival recession to gingival thickness, buccal bone loss, …

Novel Approach To Assess Periodontal Disease Severity Using Volumetric Analysis, Meera George Maveli

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to evaluate if the absolute change in linear measurements of bone loss on the facial plane of a maxillary central incisor at full and half root length along the vertical axis is directly proportional to volumetric change. The secondary aim was to evaluate if the variation of root volume is influenced by difference in root morphology.

Three dimensional digital models of 70 random patients were obtained from

DICOM CBCT files using volumetric software, InVivoDental (Anatomage, San Jose,

CA). One central incisor of average root length was selected per patient and total length

(L1) and …

Septic Arthritis Of The Shoulder In A Dental Patient - A Case Report And Review, Elana Dolin Dmd, Leigh D. Perlmutter Dmd, Stuart L. Segelnick Dds, Mea A. Weinberg Dmd, Robert Schoor Dds

Individual Scholarship

Septic arthritis of the glenohumoral joint is rare following dental procedures, comprising approximately 3% of all joint infections. Septic arthritis following bacteremia from dental procedures is uncommon and generally occurs in prosthetic joints. Predisposing causes may include immunocompromising diseases such as diabetes, HIV infection, renal failure and intravenous drug abuse. We report a rare case of unilateral glenohumoral joint septic arthritis in a 60-year-old male patient (without a prosthetic joint) secondary to a dental procedure. The insidious nature of the presentation is highlighted. Septic arthritis infections, though rare, require a high level of clinical suspicion. Vague symptoms of shoulder pain …

Comparative Analysis Of Gingival Tissue Antigen Presentation Pathways In Ageing And Periodontitis, Octavio A. Gonzalez, Michael John Novak, Sreenatha S. Kirakodu, Luis Orraca, Kuey-Chu Chen, Arnold J. Stromberg, Janis Gonzalez-Martinez, Jeffrey L. Ebersole

Center for Oral Health Research Faculty Publications

AIM: Gingival tissues of periodontitis lesions contribute to local elevations in mediators, including both specific T cell and antibody immune responses to oral bacterial antigens. Thus, antigen processing and presentation activities must exist in these tissues to link antigen-presenting cells with adaptive immunity. We hypothesized that alterations in the transcriptome of antigen processing and presentation genes occur in ageing gingival tissues and that periodontitis enhances these differences reflecting tissues less capable of immune resistance to oral pathogens.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rhesus monkeys (n = 34) from 3 to 23 years of age were examined. A buccal gingival sample from healthy …

The Status Of The Scholarship Of Teaching And Learning In Dental Education, Sharon K. Lanning, Michelle Mcgregor, Geralyn Crain, Christopher J. Van Ness, Nancy T. Keselyak, John W. Killip

Periodontics Publications

The purpose of this study was to determine the current status of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) within academic dentistry. A twenty-two-item survey was distributed to faculty members of American Dental Education Association (ADEA) member schools asking about their awareness of SoTL practices, perceived barriers to SoTL application, and ways to enhance SoTL activity. Four hundred thirty surveys with equal distribution of assistant, associate, and full professors were received (this may be considered a response rate of 5.4 percent out of roughly 8,000 ADEA faculty members). Almost 70 percent of the respondents indicated that they highly valued SoTL; …

Bioerodible Calcium Sulfate Bone Grafting Substitutes With Tailored Drug Delivery Capabilities, Bryan R. Orellana

Theses and Dissertations--Biomedical Engineering

Bone regeneration or augmentation is often required prior to or concomitant with implant placement. With the limitations of many existing technologies, a biologically compatible synthetic bone grafting substitute that is osteogenic, bioerodible, and provides spacing-making functionality while acting as a drug delivery vehicle for bioactive molecules could provide an alternative to ‘gold standard’ techniques.

In the first part of this work, calcium sulfate (CS) space-making synthetic bone grafts with uniformly embedded poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE) biodegradable hydrogel particles was developed to allow controlled release of bioactive agents. The embedded gel particles’ influence on the physical and chemical characteristics of CS was …

A Prospective Study Of Periodontal Disease And Risk Of Gastric And Duodenal Ulcer In Male Health Professionals, Matthew R. Boylan, Hamed Khalili, Edward S. Huang, Dominique S. Michaud, Jacques Izard, Kaumudi J. Joshipura, Andrew T. Chan

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Periodontal disease is characterized by microbial shifts within the oral cavity and chronic inflammation of the gingival tissue, and can lead to tooth loss. Several studies support an association between periodontal disease and risk of chronic systemic conditions, including vascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, and cancer, including gastric adenocarcinoma. These associations may be mediated by systemic inflammation, the immune response to periodontal infection, or direct invasion by pathogens. Previous studies of periodontal disease and risk of peptic ulcer have been limited by cross-sectional design, diagnoses that were not confirmed by medical record review, and a lack of …

Plasma Antibodies To Oral Bacteria And Risk Of Pancreatic Cancer In A Large European Prospective Cohort Study, Dominique S. Michaud, Jacques Izard, Charlotte S. Wilhelm-Benartzi, Doo-Ho You, Verena A. Grote, Anne Tjønneland, Christina C. Dahm, Kim Overvad, Mazda Jenab, Veronika Fedirko, Marie Christine Boutron-Ruault, Françoise Clavel- Chapelon, Antoine Racine, Rudolf Kaaks, Heiner Boeing, Jana Foerster, Antonia Trichopoulou, Pagona Lagiou, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Carlotta Sacerdote, Sabina Sieri, Domenico Palli, Rosario Tumino, Salvatore Panico, Peter Siersema, Petra Hm Peeters, Eiliv Lund, Aurelio Barricarte, José-María Huerta, Esther Molina-Montes, Miren Dorronsoro, J. Ramón Quirós, Eric J. Duell, Weimin Ye, Malin Sund, Björn Lindkvist, Dorthe Johansen, Kay-Tee Khaw, Nick Wareham, Ruth C. Travis, Paolo Vineis, H. Bas Bueno-De-Mesquita, Elio Riboli

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Objective: Examine the relationship between antibodies to 25 oral bacteria and pancreatic cancer risk in a prospective cohort study.

Design: We measured antibodies to oral bacteria in prediagnosis blood samples from 405 pancreatic cancer cases and 416 matched controls, nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (EPIC). Analyses were conducted using conditional logistic regression and additionally adjusted for smoking status and body mass index.

Results: Individuals with high levels of antibodies against Porphyromonas gingivalis ATTC 53978, a pathogenic periodontal bacteria, had a 2-fold higher risk of pancreatic cancer than individuals lower levels of …

Etiology Of Noncarious Cervical Lesions, Caren M. Barnes

College of Dentistry: Faculty Publications

As the number of older adults in the United States continues to grow, this change in patient demographics will profoundly affect the practice of dental hygiene. Not only are there more older adults, but they are also retaining more of their natural teeth than ever before. The risk of alveolar bone loss; gingival recession, which can lead to exposed cervical and root areas of the teeth; and tooth wear all increase with age. The confluence of these factors raises the risk of noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs).

The prevalence of NCCLs is growing, largely due to the rising numbers of older …

Immediate Versus Delayed Loading Of Two Implants Supporting A Locator Retained Mandibular Overdenture. A Randomized Controlled Study., Sejal R. Thacker

Master's Theses

The aim of this study was to evaluate immediate versus delayed loading of two implants, six months post-surgery, supporting a locator retained mandibular overdenture. The objective was to evaluate implant bone remodelling using radiographic bone level changes (RBL) as the variable, from baseline to six months, between the test and the control groups. The secondary objectives included (1) evaluation of implant survival, (2) nature and frequency of surgical and prosthetic complications, and (3) correlation of implant length and insertion torque on RBL.

Eligible patients were randomized into test (immediate loading) and control group (delayed loading). Five patients were allocated to …

Analysis Of Periapical Biopsies Submitted For Histopathological Evaluation: A Retrospective Study, Abdullah I. Alqaied

Master's Theses

Apical periodontitis is the most common pathological process in the periapical region. Disciplined clinical and radiographic evaluations and appropriate diagnostic tests can detect lesions related to apical periodontitis. Aside from this, lesions mimicking pulp-related pathology but unrelated to pulpal infection and necrosis are occasionally discovered in the periapical region. The objective of this study was two-fold: (1) to determine the prevalence of diverse periapically located pathological entities, and (2) to apply that information to evaluate the rationale for routine submission of surgically obtained tissue for histological examination and diagnosis. Methods: A 5-year retrospective analysis of pathology reports from the UCONN …

Identification Of The Mandibular Nerve With Cbct Using A Nerve Marking Tool Or Not, Myung Soo Choi

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Introduction: In the field of implant dentistry, cone beam computed tomography can give clinicians valuable information regarding anatomic structures, bone quantity and quality. If the mandibular nerve is encroached during surgery, severe morbidity of the patient and medico-legal issues may result. Thus the importance of accurate determination of the position of mandibular canal cannot be overemphasized. Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the difference in the position of the mandibular nerve determined, and marked by a radiology technician utilizing nerve marking tool and compared to the same measurement by a clinician not utilizing a nerve marking tool. …

Pronthocyanidin-Rich Cranberry-Fractioninduced Alteration Of Periodontal Pathogen Lipopolysaccharide Functions, Vreiti Sangha

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

The cranberry (species: Vaccinium macrocarpon, family: Ericaceae) is a polyphenolicrich berry fruit native to North America and exhibits numerous beneficial properties for human health, such as inhibition of human cancer cell line proliferation and prevention of urinary tract colonization by bacterial pathogens. The proanthocyanidin rich cranberry fraction has long been speculated to possess the capacity to reduce the production of inflammatory mediators by LPSstimulated macrophages and gingival fibroblasts and to inhibit host extracellular matrix destructive enzyme production and activity.

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effect of cranberry non dialyzable material (NDM), which was shown to be …