Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Guide Lines Vol. Ii, Issue 3 - May 2020, College Of Health And Human Services

GUIDE Lines

Periodic Newsletter of the Governors State University - University of Illinois, Chicago - Disparities Education Cancer research training and education project (The GUIDE Project).

Mechanisms Of Statin Effects On Muscle And Neuronal Proteostasis, Daniel Yu

University Scholar Projects

Statins are widely prescribed and used chronically, but we know little about the effects on long-term protein homeostasis during stress and aging. Our aim was to quantify the effect of statins on stress-induced protein damage. We administered atorvastatin in a dose-response curve in Caenorhabditis elegans under naïve control conditions and in conditions of hypertonic and heat stress known to induce muscle damage measurable as countable puncta in a polyglutamine aggregation model of damage. We observed that there is significant polyglutamine aggregation variability among worms at baseline and thus further study requires within experiment baseline controls, per worm. Our results are …

Investigating The Redox Sensitivity Of Mitf Splice Variants, Rachel Berryman

Senior Theses

Within pigment-producing cells known as melanocytes, the transcription factor MITF is intimately involved in regulating genes associated with cell cycle maintenance and melanocyte differentiation. Research, however, has provided conflicting results on the relationship between the expression levels of MITF and melanocyte cell fate. To complicate matters, two splice variants of MITF exist, differing by only 18 base pairs. These variants have been observed at variable levels of expression in melanocyte and melanoma cells, raising the question as to their functional purpose. Building upon previous research by the Leachman/Cassidy lab that identified the redox sensitivity of MITF while additionally establishing a …

Healthy Moms Event News Brief, Journal Gazette

Innovation and SimLab

Healthy moms event June 1

Semifinalists of the Healthy Mom and Baby Innovation Competition, created in collaboration with Parkview Health and Matter, will showcase their ideas to reduce infant mortality rates during a June 1 virtual event. Launched in February, the competition challenged innovators to submit product, software or program solutions with the promise and potential of reducing the rates of infant mortality. Entries were submitted by 57 teams from 14 states and six countries. On June 1, one winner and up to four other semifinalist teams will be selected to participate in a threemonth virtual accelerator program, where they …

Effect Of Protein, Fat, And Both Protein And Fat On The Glycemic Response Of A High Glycemic Index Meal, Muhammed Taai

Theses & Dissertations

Research Focus: Elevated blood glucose (BG) levels from a diet high in refined carbohydrates, even in the absence of diabetes, may increase the risk for chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. The purpose of this study was to determine if supplementation of a high glycemic load breakfast with protein, fat, or a combination of the two attenuates the glycemic response in non-diabetic subjects.

Research Methods: Thirteen healthy adults, age 24.7±4y, BMI 25.1±4.5 completed four trials, having fasted 8-12h for this randomized, double-blind crossover study.

Fasting BG was measured, then subjects consumed 2 slices of white …

Covid-19 Journal | Mara'sha Goode, Mara'sha Goode

COVID-19 Student Journal Project

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Journal | Madison Brooks, Madison Brooks

COVID-19 Student Journal Project

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Journal | Brianna Cagle, Brianna Cagle

COVID-19 Student Journal Project

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Journal | Erin Vance, Erin Vance

COVID-19 Student Journal Project

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Journal | Emily Strange, Emily Strange

COVID-19 Student Journal Project

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Journal | Henley Higgins, Henley Higgins

COVID-19 Student Journal Project

No abstract provided.

Prevalance, Risk Factors For Malnutrition And Effectiveness Of Need-Based Intervention On Nutritional Status And Cognitive Development Of Preschool Children In Anganwadi Centers Of Udupi Dist., Ansuya .

Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Exploring The Connections Between Alcohol Abuse And Cognitive Deficits: A Review Of Alcohol’S Effects On Brain Development And Memory Formation, Marykate Decker

PCOM Capstone Projects

Often overlooked and trivialized, Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) affects 15 million Americans over the age of 18. As of 2015, it was reported that only 6.7% of these individuals received treatment necessary to recover. Perhaps even more alarming, the NIH reports alcohol to be the third leading preventable cause of death in the United States annually. As these numbers steadily increase, scientists have become more interested in alcohol addiction and reward pathways, memory deficiencies secondary to alcohol abuse, and the potential development of pathologies like Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome.

Previous studies have shown that excessive drinking damages nerve cells that ultimately affect …

Lifelong Psychopathology Stemming From Childhood Maltreatment: A Review Of Structural And Neurobehavioral Changes, Nicole Borden

PCOM Capstone Projects

This review investigates the link between childhood maltreatment and structural changes in the brain as well as psychopathology later on in life. Childhood maltreatment was compared to the time of onset of psychopathology and the severity of symptoms. The relationship between the type of trauma and socioemotional cognition was also analyzed. Childhood maltreatment is a serious problem that can hinder a child’s ability to develop into a healthy adult. Not only does it induce unhealthy amounts of stress on the child, but it also can negatively affect brain development. Many mental health problems can arise from childhood maltreatment, some minor, …

Sleep Deprivation Induced Tauopathies, Peter V. Rovito

PCOM Capstone Projects

Sleep deprivation is a common occurrence among many adults that can have inherently negative effects. While some of these effects are apparent, such as fatigue, irritability, and depressed mood, some are less apparent. One less apparent effect is the increased neural activity that results from being sleep deprived. Chronic Sleep Deprivation leads to increased neurological activity over a prolonged period of time. Researchers have shown that increased neurological activity results in an increase in extracellular tau protein and increased cerebrospinal fluid levels of amyloid beta. Tau protein in particular has been implicated in neurodegeneration because of its propensity for becoming …

Chronic Cocaine Use And Its Epigenetic Role In Altering Proteins Involved In Memory, Levina T. Truong

PCOM Capstone Projects

Chronic exposure to cocaine results in long-term changes in brain structure and function. Long-term changes are also seen on a microscopic level in terms of alterations in chromatin remodeling and gene expression. These cellular changes result in behavioral changes and can be passed onto the next generation. Heritable changes in gene expression is known as epigenetics and are due to modifications that alter chromatin structure allowing for changes in accessibility of a gene (Browne, Godino, Salery & Nestler, 2020). Despite advances in epigenetic research involving addiction, the mechanisms that underlie the switch from recreational use to addiction is still under …

What’S The Word? Defining Community Pharmacy Interventions, Elizabeth Laughlin, Bsps, Danielle C. Mayer, Pharmd, Bcacp, Sarah Lynch, Pharmd, Bcacp

College of Pharmacy Posters

Primary Objective: Determine whether student pharmacists & licensed pharmacists are consistently able to categorize interventions

Secondary Objective: Evaluate trends in themes for situations that are not easily categorized

Implementing A Health Promotion Physical Activity Program For Middle School Youth In A Rural, Faith-Based Organization, Karmin Maher-Hasse

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Problem: Childhood obesity is more prevalent in rural areas, and these areas have fewer resources to address it. Geographic distance to available resources, health care provider shortages, parental obesity, and poverty contribute to higher prevalence of obesity in rural children compared to urban children.

Rationale: Obesity prevention and treatment often requires long-term healthy lifestyle behavior changes including nutrition counseling and physical activity (PA). It is likely an obese pre-adolescent will have obesity as an adult, and the likelihood increases if obesity continues into adolescence. Pre-adolescence provides a window of opportunity to influence healthier PA habits to prevent overweight (OW) and …

Subcontracting And Sweatshops During Coronavirus – The Wake-Up Call Businesses Need?, Singapore Management University

Perspectives@SMU

Coronavirus continues to impact the already struggling retail sector. Wesfarmers, one of Australia's largest listed companies and the owner of bargain retailers Kmart and Target, recently announced the closure of some 75 Target stores, with another 90 to be converted to the more profitable Kmart outlets. Fears remain for some 1000 Target workers whose jobs are at risk.

Before Covid-19, There Was Sars, Wee Kiat Lim

Perspectives@SMU

COVID-19 was not China’s first catastrophic public health crisis. The last time one struck the country, it transformed the emergency management landscape.

Living And Learning In A Lockdown: 5 Ways To Stay Productive And Entertained At Home, Ishan Singh

Social Space

If nothing else, the COVID-19 pandemic has taught me that staying at home is tougher than it seems. For introverts like myself, hunkering indoors should come naturally—even pre-coronavirus, I didn't get out a whole lot. Yet the experience has turned out to be very different when hanging out at home becomes less of a pastime and more of national responsibility.

The Positivism Paradigm Of Research., Yoon Soo Park, Lars Konge, Anthony R. Artino

Health, Human Function, and Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Research paradigms guide scientific discoveries through their assumptions and principles. Understanding paradigm-specific assumptions helps illuminate the quality of findings that support scientific studies and identify gaps in generating sound evidence. This article focuses on the research paradigm of positivism, examining its definition, history, and assumptions (ontology, epistemology, axiology, methodology, and rigor). Positivism is aligned with the hypothetico-deductive model of science that builds on verifying a priori hypotheses and experimentation by operationalizing variables and measures; results from hypothesis testing are used to inform and advance science. Studies aligned with positivism generally focus on identifying explanatory associations or causal relationships through quantitative …

Drug Courts And The Following Of The Federal Guidelines, Charles James Souza

Master’s Theses and Projects

During the 1980’s, drug offense were running high within the United States. The court system along with the police and other fields were forced to form other methods of dealing with offenders who have a substance abuse problem. In 1989, the first drug court in the United States was formed in the state if Florida. The idea was to create a therapeutic method to help those who are committing non-violent criminal acts due to their addiction. The goal of drug court was to get offenders the treatment they needed so they would not resort to criminal activity. Drug court personal …

A Literature Review And Clinical Commentary On The Development Of Iliotibial Band Syndrome In Runners, Derek Charles, Clay Rodgers

Physical Therapy Faculty Research

Background and Purpose:

Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS) is the second leading cause of pain in runners and there are a number of theories related to its etiology. Multiple theories exist for the etiology of ITBS related symptoms including anterior-posterior friction of the IT band on the lateral femoral condyle during knee flexion and extension activities, compression of a layer of fat near the IT band distal attachment, and inflammation of the IT band bursa. The purpose of this literature review and clinical commentary was to explore the potential factors that contribute to ITBS development in runners.

Description of Topic with …

Multicenter, Observational Cohort Study Evaluating Third-Generation Cephalosporin Therapy For Bloodstream Infections Secondary To Enterobacter, Serratia, And Citrobacter Species, Caroline Derrick, P. Brandon Bookstaver, Zhiqiang K. Lu, Christopher M. Bland

Faculty and Student Publications

Objectives: There is debate on whether the use of third-generation cephalosporins (3GC) increases the risk of clinical failure in bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by chromosomally-mediated AmpC-producing Enterobacterales (CAE). This study evaluates the impact of definitive 3GC therapy versus other antibiotics on clinical outcomes in BSIs due to Enterobacter, Serratia, or Citrobacter species. Methods: This multicenter, retrospective cohort study evaluated adult hospitalized patients with BSIs secondary to Enterobacter, Serratia, or Citrobacter species from 1 January 2006 to 1 September 2014. Definitive 3GC therapy was compared to definitive therapy with other non-3GC antibiotics. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression evaluated the impact of …

Why Illegal Drugs Continue To Be Manufactured And Used When Everyone Agrees That They Are Detrimental To Health?, Zahra Abdullah Alnattar Za

2020 Symposium Posters

Drug abuse is considered to be the leading problem facing the world and is ranked the first in the list of the top 10 major issues affecting the world population. Abuse of narcotics among youth continues to be a major threat to society as it affects not only the health conditions of the users but is also associated with some secondary impacts, which could include increased immorality and insecurity. Many of the narcotics abusers have different reasons for engaging in the vice. Some of the reasons include family issues or exposure to psychological pressure or shock or depression, or they …

College Education Can Induce Stress, Anxiety, And Depression – Are You Sad?, Nathan L. Boyd

2020 Symposium Posters

College students must manage a great deal of stress, including heavy loads of coursework, deadlines, finances, families, working part-time or full-time, and choosing their lifelong careers. The Center for Collegiate Mental Health has reported that stress, anxiety, and depression (SAD) are the leading reasons that students reach out for mental health services. However, stigma has been identified as the primary barrier to treatment. Students should be encouraged to seek the help of medical professionals and develop healthy habits because these serious conditions can negatively affect educational performance, work performance, and quality of life. Secondary research methods will be used to …

U.S. Response To Covid-19 Compared To Other Diseases, Brian E. Barton

2020 Symposium Posters

Emergence of a new infectious disease out of China has caused a global reaction to combat the spread. On December 31, 2019, China reported a cluster of cases of pneumonia in people associated with the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan, Hubei Province. On January 7, 2020, Chinese health authorities confirmed that this cluster was associated with a novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV. Governments around the world responded to the threat by instituting lockdowns, closing businesses, using experimental medications, and even closing boarders. Citizens responded in kind by increasing social distancing and the usage of personal protective devices such as face masks …

Diabetes As It Relates To Stress, Anxiety And Lifestyle Choices, Kayla C. Dedloff

2020 Symposium Posters

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition that impacts 29 million people in the United States. Diabetes is a disease that develops when one's body becomes resistant to insulin, resulting in abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates, and the blood glucose levels are increased. If hyperglycemia is not managed, it will result in complications. Management of stress is significant in diabetic patients because stressing intensifies diabetes. The majority of type 2 diabetes patients are overwhelmed with managing the disease, and when they can’t control their blood glucose, it results in depression and anxiety. There is a link between lifestyle choices and type …

Ohiohealth Benefits & Wellness Practicum, Rebecca Gallagher

Masters Theses/Capstone Projects

OhioHealth incorporates programs and training for their employees in order to keep them healthy and fit, the program is called OhioHealthy. This project seeks to understand corporate wellness and the programs or practices that can be used in order to promote this wellness.