Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Professional Sporting Events Increase Seasonal Influenza Mortality In Us Cities, Alexander Cardazzi, Brad Humphreys, Jane E. Ruseski, Brian P. Soebbing, Nicholas Watanabe

Economics Faculty Working Papers Series

The COVID-19 pandemic shut down sporting events worldwide. Local policy makers and league officials face important decisions about restarting play, especially in professional leagues that draw large numbers of spectators to games. We analyze the impact of professional sporting events on local seasonal influenza mortality to develop evidence that will help inform sports league reopening policy decisions. Results from a difference-in-differences model applied to data from a sample of US cities that gained new professional sports teams over the period 1962-2016 show that the presence of games in these cities increased local influenza mortality by between 4% and 24%, depending …

Inspire : Vol 3, Issue 6, Department Of Medicine

INSPIRE – Department of Medicine Archives

Content

• Message From the Chair
• Medicine at National and International Forums
• Residents Working in COVID Areas
• Featured Faculty: Dr Najmul Islam “…life is not a straight line; there are ups and downs, so be perseverant…”
• What are Academics Around the World Reading This Month?
• Publications

Covid-19: Implications, Reactions And Future Directions, Rahim Dhanani, Mohammad Wasif, Hamdan Ahmed Pasha,, Muntazir Hussain, Shayan Khalid, Abdul Basit Shah Vardag, Khadija Mahmood, Raza Hussain

Section of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery

Humanity has faced several foes over the centuries, a formidable one amongst them is the current pandemic of COVID-19. The symptoms of COVID-19 are more or less related to the nose and throat. Therefore, patients more often present to Ear Nose Throat (ENT) clinics with symptoms including cough, sore throat, fever and shortness of breath. In the management of head and neck pathologies, as the airway is a direct source of infection, the impact of COVID-19 holds special significance. This review has attempted to explain the various aspects of the disease itself, its diagnosis, the use of personal protective equipment …

Non-Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve: A Case Report And Review Of Literature, Muhammad Hassan Danish, Rahim Dhanani, Huzaifa Moiz, Mubasher Ikram

Section of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery

Right recurrent laryngeal nerve can take a "Non-Recurrent" course and can present as a Non Recurrent Laryngeal nerve which is a rare entity. Such anomalies can lead to difficulty in locating the laryngeal nerve during thyroid surgeries and there are higher chances of it being injured. Therefore, surgeons should be mindful of this entity. We report the case of a 53-year-old lady who underwent thyroid surgery and a right Non Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve was identified intra-operatively.

Successful Stereotactic Radiotherapy Of Meningiomas In A Patient With Cowden Syndrome: A Case Report, Christian Fernandez, Md, Corey Savard, Christopher J Farrell, Md, Wenyin Shi

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

Cowden's Syndrome (CS) is a rare disease with increased risk for several carcinomas. Experimental studies and limited case reports have described the negative effects of radiotherapy. A 35-yearold woman presented with newly diagnosed CS and multiple meningiomas. She underwent subtotal resection of a right petroclival meningioma to relieve brainstem compression and received adjuvant fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy 50 Gy in 25 fractions with minimal side effects. Twenty months post-operatively the patient presented with neurological deficits from progression of additional meningiomas. Craniotomy was performed and gross total resection was achieved for all sites of disease. Imaging five months after surgery demonstrated progressive …

The Impact Of Childhood Music Experience On Speech Perception And Processing: A Systematic Review, Erika Lanham

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to conduct a systematic review of the literature that addresses the impact of childhood musical experience on speech perception and processing abilities. Specifically, this review assessed how musical training impacted scores on both objective and behavioral tests of speech perception/processing in children. This analysis contributes to a better understanding of the effects of individual musical experience in childhood on our ability to perceive and process speech in a variety of listening conditions. This analysis also determined the clinical implications of such findings.

Methods: A comprehensive search utilizing the Web of Science database accessible …

Using Screening, Brief Intervention, Referral To Treatment To Address Problematic Alcohol Use At A University Student Health Center, Tajuane H. Dockery

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Problematic drinking is a public health concern on college campuses. College students who do not have their risky drinking behaviors addressed are at greater risk for developing Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). Despite known risks associated with drinking on college campuses, many college health centers miss an opportunity to address these behaviors because they lack a systematic process for identifying students at risk and referring them for treatment. This evidence-based project evaluated the effectiveness of using Screening, Brief Intervention, Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) to identify students with risky drinking behaviors and the impact the screening process had on facilitating a referral …

J Mich Dent Assoc June 2020

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Every month,The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association brings news, information, and features about Michigan dentistry to our state's oral health community and the MDA's 6,200+ members. No publication reaches more Michigan dentists!

In this issue, the reader will find the following original content:

• A cover story with an interview with the MDA’s 2020-21 president Dr. Stephen Meraw.
• “Implementing Teledentistry: The Why and How” discusses the background and guidance on this important – and growing – aspect of telehealth.
• “Key Tips in Communicating Evidence in the Clinical Setting”, another feature in our series of articles focusing on evidence-based dentistry. …

Factors Influencing Self-Management Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease By Community-Dwelling Adults, Wendy S. Bauer, Rachel F. Schiffman

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) struggle with effective self-management, contributing to poor health outcomes and costly health care. More research is needed to understand the factors influencing COPD self-management better in order to improve outcomes and reduce health care costs for those living with this prevalent chronic illness. The purpose of this article is to describe factors influencing community-dwelling adults’ COPD self-management. In-depth interviews were conducted with 28 people living with COPD. Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis approach was used to analyze interview data, and it resulted in the identification of themes providing insight into COPD self-management as …

Tumor Boards During Covid-19 Pandemic, Ahmed Nadeem Abbasi

Department of Radiation Oncology

No abstract provided.

Clinical Audit A Valuable Tool For Quality Improvement Of Care: Radiation Oncologists' Perspective, Sehrish Abrar, Ahmed Nadeem Abbasi, Maria Tariq

Department of Radiation Oncology

No abstract provided.

Male Involvement Interventions And Improved Couples’ Emotional Relationships In Tanzania And Zimbabwe: ‘When We Are Walking Together, I Feel Happy’, Liz Comrie-Thomson, Webster Mavhu, Christina Makungu, Quamrun Nahar, Rasheda Khan, Jessica Davis, Erica Stillo, Saadya Hamdani, Stanley Luchters, Cathy Vaughan

Population Health, East Africa

Male involvement in maternal and child health is recognised as a valuable strategy to improve care-seeking and uptake of optimal home care practices for women and children in low- and middle-income settings. However, the specific mechanisms by which involving men can lead to observed behaviour change are not well substantiated. A qualitative study conducted to explore men’s and women’s experiences of male involvement interventions in Tanzania and Zimbabwe found that, for some women and men, the interventions had fostered more loving partner relationships. Both male and female participants identified these changes as profoundly meaningful and highly valued. Our findings illustrate …

Cohort Profile: The Kaloleni/Rabai Community Health And Demographic Surveillance System, Anthony Ngugi, Rachel Odhiambo, Felix Agoi, Amyn Lakhani, James Orwa, Jerim Obure, David Mang’Ong’O, Stanley Luchters, Catherine Munywoki, Anisa Omar, Marleen Temmerman

Population Health, East Africa

Why was the cohort set up?In many resource-constrained settings, availability of reli-able vital statistics and health information is limited bylack of proper system for civil registration and health infor-mation. This is further limited by the fact that the majorityof population health events, such as births, morbidity andmortality, occur outside the reach of these systems. In par-ticular, obtaining credible data from rural and remote ge-ographies can be even more constrained. The developmentof population-based surveillance systems in resource-constrained countries to monitor demographic and healthevents in these countries has as its basis the limited capac-ity of civil registration and health information systems.Locally rooted …

Prognosticating Covid-19: A Need For Africa-Specific Laboratory Predictors, Geoffrey Omuse, Janet Maranga, Abubakar Abdillah, Daniel Maina

Pathology, East Africa

No Abstract

Sleep Patterns And Problems Among Children With 22q11 Deletion Syndrome., Jill M. Arganbright, Meghan Tracy, Susan Starling Hughes, David G. Ingram Md

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: To delineate sleep habits and problems in children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS).

METHODS: Thirty children, age 1-15 (mean 6.8) years, participated in the study, which was an internet-based anonymous survey of parents of children with 22q11DS administered via the 22q11.2 Foundation. The main outcome was the Childhood Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ).

RESULTS: Scores on the CSHQ demonstrated clinically significant sleep problems in 29 of the 30 children. When compared with previously reported normative values for typically developing children of the same age, children with 22q11DS had significantly greater sleep problems. Only 30% of children had previously undergone sleep …

A Business School Disrupted: A View From Singapore, Richard Raymond Smith

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The COVID-19 pandemic rapidly changed our world. And through the preparation, rapid response, and early vigilance of the universities and the government in Singapore was admirable Richard Smith looks at the challenges still ahead.

Cardiospecific Overexpression Of Atpgd1 (Carnosine Synthase) Increases Histidine Dipeptide Levels And Prevents Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury, Jingjing Zhao, Daniel J. Conklin, Yiru Guo, Xiang Zhang, Detlef Obal, Luping Guo, Ganapathy Jagatheesan, Kartik Katragadda, Liqing He, Jasmit Shah

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Background: Myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with complex pathophysiological changes characterized by pH imbalance, the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products acrolein and 4-hydroxy trans-2-nonenal, and the depletion of ATP levels. Cardioprotective interventions, designed to address individual mediators of I/R injury, have shown limited efficacy. The recently identified enzyme ATPGD1 (Carnosine Synthase), which synthesizes histidyl dipeptides such as carnosine, has the potential to counteract multiple effectors of I/R injury by buffering intracellular pH and quenching lipid peroxidation products and may protect against I/R injury.

Methods and Results: We report here that β-alanine and carnosine feeding enhanced myocardial …

A Simple New Scoring System For Predicting The Mortality Of Severe Acute Pancreatitis: A Retrospective Clinical Study, Lei Wang, Yan-Bo Zeng, Jia-Yun Chen, Qian Luo, Rowan Wang, Ruijie Zhang, Zhichao Zheng, Yuan-Hang Dong, Wen-Bin Zou, Xiaoqing Xie, Yi-Qi Du, Zhao-Shen Li

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

It is critical to accurately identify patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in a timely manner. This study aimed to develop a new simplified AP scoring system based on data from Chinese population.We retrospectively analyzed a consecutive series of 585 patients diagnosed with SAP at the Changhai hospital between 2009 and 2017. The new Chinese simple scoring system (CSSS) was derived using logistic regression analysis and was validated in comparison to 4 existing systems using receiver operating characteristic curves.Six variables were selected for incorporation into CSSS, including serum creatinine, blood glucose, lactate dehydrogenase, heart rate, C-reactive protein, and extent of …

Mining User-Generated Content Of Mobile Patient Portal: Dimensions Of User Experience, Mohammad Al-Ramahi, Cherie Noteboom

Research & Publications

Patient portals are positioned as a central component of patient engagement through the potential to change the physician-patient relationship and enable chronic disease self-management. The incorporation of patient portals provides the promise to deliver excellent quality, at optimized costs, while improving the health of the population. This study extends the existing literature by extracting dimensions related to the Mobile Patient Portal Use. We use a topic modeling approach to systematically analyze users’ feedback from the actual use of a common mobile patient portal, Epic’s MyChart. Comparing results of Latent Dirichlet Allocation analysis with those of human analysis validated the extracted …

Involving Patients As Key Stakeholders In The Design Of Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Data Dashboards: Implications For Patient Care, Carly Daley, Romisa Rohani Ghahari, Michelle Drouin, Ryan Ahmed, Shauna Wagner, Lauren Reining, Amanda Coupe, Tammy Toscos Phd, Michael Mirro Md

Health Services and Informatics Research

Background

Data from remote monitoring (RM) of cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) currently are not accessible to patients despite demand. The typical RM report contains multiple pages of data for trained technicians to read and interpret and requires a patient-centered approach to be curated to meet individual user needs.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to understand which RM data elements are important to patients and to gain design insights for displaying meaningful data in a digital dashboard.

Methods

Adults with implantable cardioverter–defibrillators (ICDs) and pacemakers (PMs) participated in this 2-phase, user-centered design study. Phase 1 included a card-sorting …

Daily Technoference, Technology Use During Couple Leisure Time, And Relationship Quality, Brandon T. Mcdaniel Phd, Adam M. Galovan, Michelle Drouin

Health Services and Informatics Research

The landscape of couple leisure time has shifted to include and, in some relationships, rely upon technology use. Technology has the potential to intrude upon face-to-face interactions and quality time together—i.e., technoference, phubbing. However, it is also likely that couples engage in shared technology use, which could lead to bonding. In the current work, we examined one’s own, one’s partner’s, and shared technology use during couple time across 10 days and the potential impacts on couple-time satisfaction, conflict, and relationship quality. We utilized data from 145 couples who completed a baseline online survey and 10 days of daily online surveys …

Study Of In Vitro Bioaccessibility And In Vivo Bioavailability Of Khalas Variety Date Seed Polyphenols For Functional Application In The Human Diet, Serene Hilary

Food Science Dissertations

Date seeds are an ideal source of polyphenols for the food industry. This doctoral work investigated Khalas variety date seeds in three forms, as powder (DSP), ethanolic extract (DSE) and functional food developed with the seeds; pita bread (DSB). The study characterised the polyphenol profile by mass spectrometry and investigated the bioaccessibility using simulated in vitro digestion coupled with Caco- 2 model for absorption and transport. It further explored the bioavailability of date seed polyphenols in vivo in humans by conducting a cross-over study in 16 healthy volunteers. The crossover study explored the urinary excretion of polyphenol metabolites, and the …

Knowledge, Attitude And Perception Survey Of Doctors Regarding Antibiotic Use And Resistance In Karachi, Pakistan, Hassan Ahmed, Sameer Bhimani, Iffat Khanum, Ammara Khan, Akash Khetpal, Mohammad Abubakar Abbas, Faizan Godil, Ansab Godil, Inam Ul-Haq Muhammad Makhdoom

Department of Medicine

Objective: To establish a better understanding of physicians' knowledge and beliefs, and to compare distinctions in knowledge, attitude and perception of junior and senior doctors regarding rational use of antibiotics.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, from June 1 to July 31, 2016, and comprised senior and junior doctors. A 26-item questionnaire divided in three sections was used to test knowledge, attitude and perception of the subjects regarding rational use of antibiotics. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: Of the 200 subjects, 132(66%) were senior doctors; 68(34%) were junior; …

Impact Of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation On Survival In Cancer Patients: Do Not Resuscitate Before Or After Cpr?, Dana E Giza, Jordan Graham, Teodora Donisan, Dinu V Balanescu, John Crommet, Gregory Botz, Cristina Gutierrez, Mariberta Vidal, Rodrigo Mejia, Cezar Iliescu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Beyond An Updated Graded Prognostic Assessment (Breast Gpa): A Prognostic Index And Trends In Treatment And Survival In Breast Cancer Brain Metastases From 1985 To Today, Paul W Sperduto, Shane Mesko, Jing Li, Daniel Cagney, Ayal Aizer, Nancy U Lin, Eric Nesbit, Tim J Kruser, Jason Chan, Steve Braunstein, Jessica Lee, John P Kirkpatrick, Will Breen, Paul D Brown, Diana Shi, Helen A Shih, Hany Soliman, Arjun Sahgal, Ryan Shanley, William Sperduto, Emil Lou, Ashlyn Everett, Drexell Hunter Boggs, Laura Masucci, David Roberge, Jill Remick, Kristin Plichta, John M Buatti, Supriya Jain, Laurie E Gaspar, Cheng-Chia Wu, Tony J C Wang, John Bryant, Michael Chuong, James Yu, Veronica Chiang, Toshimichi Nakano, Hidefumi Aoyama, Minesh P Mehta

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Brain metastases are a common sequelae of breast cancer. Survival varies widely based on diagnosis-specific prognostic factors (PF). We previously published a prognostic index (Graded Prognostic Assessment [GPA]) for patients with breast cancer with brain metastases (BCBM), based on cohort A (1985-2007, n = 642), then updated it, reporting the effect of tumor subtype in cohort B (1993-2010, n = 400). The purpose of this study is to update the Breast GPA with a larger contemporary cohort (C) and compare treatment and survival across the 3 cohorts.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: A multi-institutional (19), multinational (3), retrospective database of 2473 …

Training Practitioners On The Effects Of Psychotropic Medication Via A Web-Based Platform, Anita Li

Dissertations

Many individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) receive multiple therapeutic services in an attempt to supplement behavioral therapy. These services include pharmacological interventions. Two drugs, risperidone (Risperdal) and aripiprazole (Abilify), are FDA-approved to treat “irritability” in children with ASD. Research shows that the effects of risperidone and aripiprazole on irritability varies greatly across treated individuals. Therefore, individualized monitoring and evaluation must be conducted to provide the physician with data to determine if the medication is resulting in desired changes and effects. Certified behavior analysts are trained in data collection and experience high levels of contact with individuals diagnosed with …

Pinch Span And Force: Normative Data, Requirements For Functional Tasks And Life Roles, And The Influence Of Carpometacarpal Joint Osteoarthritis, Nancy Hock

Dissertations

The three studies that form this dissertation build knowledge related to functional pinch. Study 1 provides normative data for the Baseline® 5-Position Hydraulic Pinch Meter, which may be used in clinical practice. The data collected in this study demonstrate the relationship between lateral pinch strength and age and reveal that strength decreases with age in both males and females. Through examination of the lateral pinch force produced at the 5 different pinch spans, it was found that the strongest lateral pinch strength was produced at 4-5 cm of pinch span. This information can be used by clinicians as they modify …

Exploring Functional Health Literacy In Older Adults With Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Jennifer K. Fortuna

Dissertations

This three-paper dissertation explores functional health literacy (i.e., the ability to access, process and understand health information) in older adults with vision loss caused by age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This research builds scholarship that explores the unique patient education needs of older adults with AMD. The specific aims of this research are to: (1) explore associations between functional health literacy and severity of visual impairment; (2) determine the general readability, suitability and comprehensibility of online patient education materials (PEMs) designed for older adults with AMD; and, (3) assess the overall quality of one PEM that has been simplified based on …

蒙上眼睛，就以爲看不見 Repress Your Eyes, So You Thought You Couldn’T See It: My Aunties And Uncles Taught Me To Feel The World, Justin Kh Tse

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

In this time of the novel coronavirus when history itself is being wounded again, this line of inquiry seems especially pressing. As some journalists and scholars have already been noting, Chinese churches are at the forefront of getting transnational news about COVID-19 while also bearing the brunt of anti-Asian racism for it. A statement has already been put out by a coalition of Asian American evangelicals about this pandemic dynamic, and I don’t have much to add. But I confess I wonder if my insights from childhood could add to reflections about these times, though I’d say it’s too early …

Trends In The Proportionate Mortalities Attributed To Noncommunicable Diseases In Sub-Saharan Africa For The Period 2000 To 2016, Henry Ofori Duah, Pascal Agbadi, Charles Enyaah Amankwa, Isaac Adomako, Benson Owusu

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) remain a growing global health issue and sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is no exception. Using secondary data obtained from the World Bank on 48 SSA countries, we describe the trends in the proportionate mortalities attributed to NCDs in SSA between 2000 and 2016. The baseline proportionate mortalities attributed to NCDs in SSA increased from 22.49% in 2000 to 33.69% in 2016, representing about 11% increase. The trend was replicated across the low-, middle-, and high-income countries in SSA. The highest change in the NCD mortalities in low-income SSA countries was seen in Eritrea where NCD mortalities increased from …