Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Health Care Provider’S Perspectives On The Content And Structure Of A Culturally Tailored Antenatal Care Programme To Expectant Parents And Family Members In Nepal, Annika Ekström, Laxmi Tamang, Christina Pedersen, Ulrika Byrskog, Edwin Van Teijlingen, Kerstin Erlandsson

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

Background: In Nepal childbirth is one of the most vulnerable periods of a woman's life and knowledge about the normal birth process, as well as danger signs, could be a life-saving intervention. Antenatal care programmes are therefore particularly relevant in Nepal where women deliver on their own in rural areas as well as in facility and hospital settings.

Aim: This study aimed to describe the relevant content and structure of a culturally tailored antenatal care programme in Nepal to be developed from the input of healthcare providers.

Methods: Qualitative semi-structured interviews with 26 health care providers were analyzed using Elo …

When Crises Happen: Coronavirus And What We Expect For Global Growth, Waqas Adenwala

Asian Management Insights

An unflinching take on the negative effects on growth from both demand and supply channels.

Commissioning Of Covid-19 Hospital – Our Experiences, Naveen P. Kumar, Aishwarya ., Chandermani Madan

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

An Epidemiological Study Of An Evolving Pandemic For Future Containment Strategies In Karnataka, Parul Malik, Prabhath M, Arathi P. Rao

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

Introduction: COVID-19 is a pandemic with a clinical spectrum ranging from mild to moderate respiratory infection to a fatal illness. Elucidating the epidemiology of such disease is important to understand and characterize its potential impact. Methods: This study is an epidemiological analysis of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Karnataka from 9th March to 7th June 2020 and aims to study patterns of the disease to provide useful analysis for measures that can be taken in the future. Results: The study concluded that young men were most infected while the mortality was higher among the elderly (Case fatality rate of 12.3% in …

Identifying And Understanding Factors That Affect The Translation Of Therapies From The Laboratory To Patients: A Study Protocol, Manoj M. Lalu, Joshua Montroy, C Glenn Begley, Tania M. Bubela, Victoria Hunniford, David Ripsman, Neil Wesch, Jonathan Kimmelman, Malcolm Macleod, David Moher

Office of the Provost

Background: The process of translating preclinical findings into a clinical setting takes decades. Previous studies have suggested that only 5-10% of the most promising preclinical studies are successfully translated into viable clinical applications. The underlying determinants of this low success rate (e.g. poor experimental design, suboptimal animal models, poor reporting) have not been examined in an empirical manner. Our study aims to determine the contemporary success rate of preclinical-to-clinical translation, and subsequently determine if an association between preclinical study design and translational success/failure exists.
Methods: Established systematic review methodology will be used with regards to the literature search, article screening …

Brain Abscess And The Nonfenestrated Fontan Circulation, Bethany Runkel, William B. Drake, Geetha Raghuveer

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Brain abscess is a rare but life-threatening condition. Intracardiac or extracardiac right-to-left shunting in patients with unrepaired cyanotic congenital heart disease, pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, or venovenous collaterals allows microbes unfiltered access to the brain. Brain abscess must be considered when cyanotic patients present with headache.

Poorly Controlled Diabetes Mellitus Alters Placental Structure, Efficiency, And Plasticity., Jackson Nteeba, Kaela M. Varberg, Regan L. Scott, Mikaela E. Simon, Khursheed Iqbal, Michael J. Soares

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

INTRODUCTION: The hemochorial placenta provides a critical barrier at the maternal-fetal interface to modulate maternal immune tolerance and enable gas and nutrient exchange between mother and conceptus. Pregnancy outcomes are adversely affected by diabetes mellitus; however, the effects of poorly controlled diabetes on placental formation, and subsequently fetal development, are not fully understood.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Streptozotocin was used to induce hyperglycemia in pregnant rats for the purpose of investigating the impact of poorly controlled diabetes on placental formation and fetal development. The experimental paradigm of hypoxia exposure in the pregnant rat was also used to assess properties of …

Thirdspace Investigations: Geography, Dehumanization And Seeking Spatial Justice In Kinesiology, Brian Culp

Faculty Articles

The 39th Annual Dudley A. Sargent Lecturer challenges the kinesiology professions to be intentional in addressing issues related to spatiality. Beginning with an outline of how such a focus has viability for the profession, the author overviews: (a) spatial justice and mobility through the lens of Gordon Parks; (b) surfing, localism and cityhood efforts; (c) notions of space and dehumanization as defined by Herbert Kelman; and (d) the need for a renewal of kinesthetic consciousness in the face of unrestricted technocracy in physical education. The second part of the lecture presents an interpretation of Edward Soja’s theory of Thirdspace in …

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letter - June 2020, George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letters

No abstract provided.

Simple Frameshifts In Minimally Invasive Surgery Postoperative Pain Management Significantly Reduce Opiate Prescriptions., Thenappan Chandrasekar, Lydia Glick, Daniella Wong, Timothy M. Han, Joon Yau Leong, Misung Yi, James R. Mark, Mark J. Mann, Edouard J. Trabulsi, Costas D. Lallas

Department of Urology Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the impact of an 'opt-in' non-narcotic postoperative pain regimen on narcotic utilization and patient-reported pain scores.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective, non-blinded pre- and post-interventional trial was conducted, including a lead-in period for baseline evaluation. The intervention group received a new pain protocol prioritizing non-narcotic medications, an 'opt-in' requirement for opiates, and standardized patient education. Study outcomes included opiate prescription and utilization (measured in Morphine Equivalent Doses) and reported pain scores on postoperative day (POD) 1, discharge and follow up.

RESULTS: At discharge, 70% fewer patients were prescribed any opioids (ARR: -0.7; p < 0.001); the amount prescribed was reduced by 95% (pre-intervention 69.3 mg versus post-intervention 3.5 mg, p < 0.001). Mean opioids used following discharge decreased by 76% (14.7 mg versus 3.5 mg, p = 0.011). In a subgroup analysis of robotic prostatectomies, there was a 95% reduction in mean opioids prescribed at discharge (64.6 mg versus 3.2 mg, p < 0.001) and 82% reduction in utilization over entire postoperative course (87.6 mg versus 15.7 mg, p = 0.001). There was no significant difference in pain scores between intervention groups at POD 1, discharge and follow up for patients (entire cohort and post-prostatectomy).

CONCLUSION: A standardized pain …

Commencement Program 2020 (School Of Public Health), Loma Linda University

Commencement Programs

CONTENTS

2 | Message from the President

4 | Message from the Dean

4 | University History Highlights

6 | Candidates for Degrees

Commencement Program 2020 (School Of Pharmacy), Loma Linda University

Commencement Programs

CONTENTS

2 | Message from the President

3 | Message from the Dean

4 | University History Highlights

6 | Candidates for Degrees

Commencement Program 2020 (School Of Nursing), Loma Linda University

Commencement Programs

CONTENTS

2 | Message from the President

3 | Message from the Dean

4 | University History Highlights

6 | Candidates for Degrees

Commencement Program 2020 (School Of Allied Health Professions), Loma Linda University

Commencement Programs

CONTENTS

2 | Message from the President

3 | Message from the Dean

4 | University History Highlights

6 | Candidates for Degrees

Nutrinews: June, 2020, Department Of Nutrition And Dietetics, University Of North Florida

NutriNews

This issue features Research around the world: High Prevalence of suboptimal vitamin B12 in young adult women of south Asian and European ethnicity, do alternative milks compare nutritionally to cow's milk?

May / June 2020, Randy Curry, Cindy Brooks

RURAL ROCKS

Rural Rocks, the Rural Health Network newsletter by the SWOSU College of Pharmacy.

Efficacy Of Work-Related Training For Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder, E. Anderson, L. Hatton, K. Schlager, A. Shea, K. Watlington, M. Ferraro, M. C. Potvin

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

Research suggests that traditional models of work-related training, in addition to a lack of on-the-job support, may exacerbate difficulties experienced by individuals with autism spectrum disorder with obtaining and maintaining employment

The poor employment outcomes experienced by individuals with ASD are well-documented throughout literature and have resulted in the need to examine more effective ways of providing support and work-related interventions.

Although research has investigated the efficacy of work-related training on successful employment outcomes when used with individuals with ASD, a systematic review summarizing this evidence has yet to be published. Therefore, this review examines and interprets current research evidence …

Exploration Of Physician Attitudes About Self-Care And Personal Mental Health: Possible Barriers To Physician Well Being, Candich Farrar

Dissertations

The present study was designed to examine physicians’ mental health, attitudes, and behaviors toward self-care and the utilization of mental health services. As the medical field can be very demanding and exhausting, it is believed that many physicians suffer from mental illnesses such as anxiety and depression. However, it was theorized that many physicians do not engage in adequate self-care regimes or seek support and suppress their symptoms, which may further exacerbate their illnesses. A thorough literature review was performed to explore the following: possible barriers to physicians seeking mental health services to address high rates of mental illnesses, physicians …

Speech Outcomes And Hearing Preservation In Adults With Hybrid Cochlear Implants: A Systematic Review, Victoria J. Dillon

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Objective: The goal of this review is to systematically review literature in order to investigate the speech recognition and subjective performance outcomes, as well as determine the degree of hearing preservation, in adult hybrid cochlear implant patients through the utilization of electric acoustic stimulation (EAS).

Methods: A comprehensive search, utilizing various peer-reviewed databases, was conducted via the City University of New York’s (CUNY) Graduate Center Library to identify the relevant studies published. Inclusion criteria was studies that involved adult hybrid cochlear implant users which reported speech outcomes and hearing preservation, with performance outcomes obtained at least 12 months’ post-implantation. Studies …

Controlled Observation: The Challenges Of Therapy For The Mentally Ill Incarcerated Population, Esther Tingué

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Popular perception and objective of incarceration is confinement, brutality and in some cases inhumane conditions. But what about the incarcerated population who suffer from the additional burden of mental illness? How does confinement affect mentally ill inmates? This capstone project asks: (1) how do individuals/organizations provide rehabilitative services in this evolved culture of crime and punishment? And (2) how is therapy provided in a restricted environment? I examine these questions from the perspective of the therapist, the person who (in a restricted environment) takes on the responsibility of treating and managing the effects of mental illness for this population.

Shadow Standards And The Logic Of Costs: Care, Stewardship, And Data In U.S. Community Health, Margarite J. Whitten

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation examines the delegation of responsibility for providing health care to particular categories of marginalized populations in the United States in the absence of a uniform and universal health care system. It explores how the U.S. federal government governs patient populations at a distance by mandating that healthcare providers collect, produce, and report on patient data. Drawing from eighteen months of ethnographic research in Massachusetts clinics for the homeless and the frail elderly between 2014-2015, I argue that when marginalized patients are unable to satisfy the neoliberal ideal of self-governance to maintain their health in cost-effective ways, providers are …

Cochlear Implantation: Why Vs. Why Not? A Pocket Guide For Non-Cochlear Implant Audiologists, Lauren Mccauley

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The goal of this guide is to provide audiologists with the insights to patient fears and motivators for cochlear implant uptake to ensure all cochlear implant candidates are identified, counseled, and cared for appropriately. Cochlear implant uptake is low compared to the population of people who may be considered candidates, despite the numerous benefits cochlear implants have been shown to provide to these patients. Hearing loss that remains untreated or undertreated in adults can lead to negative consequences, including poorer quality of life, social isolation, and even increased rates of cognitive decline. It is becoming increasingly important for audiologists to …

Outcomes Of Tinnitus Post-Cochlear Implantation In Adult Populations: A Systematic Review, Evangeline Wong

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The purpose of this investigation is to conduct a systematic review on the outcomes of tinnitus, in both its characteristics and psychosocial impact, post-cochlear implantation in profound bilateral and single-sided deafness (SSD) adult populations. A longitudinal case study will also be presented to show long-term effects of tinnitus outcomes in a cochlear implant recipient in a clinical setting. The investigation may, in turn, provide information regarding tinnitus in the selection criteria of which ear to implant, considerations in implantation eligibility for patients with bilateral and unilateral severe hearing loss associated with severe tinnitus, and to inform patients about the possible …

Development Of An Aba Tool Kit For Audiologists To Increase Hearing Aid Wear Time In Individuals With Autism, Lindsay Brown

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

When working with individuals with the dual-diagnosis of hearing loss and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), audiologists are often faced with unique challenges and must adapt their approach in order to more effectively address the needs of these individuals. Currently, there is only a small body of research focused on the special considerations required for appropriately fitting and utilizing amplification for children with the dual-diagnosis of hearing loss and ASD. Subsequently, recommendations and strategies for clinicians to implement when faced with these common challenges, specifically of hearing aid compliance and appropriate hearing aid wear time, are lacking. It is important to …

Visual Perspective Taking In Autism Spectrum Disorders, Erin L. Reilly

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have difficulty in recognizing environmental perspectives other than their own. Perspective-taking deficits impact language use and understanding in discourse and more general social and cognitive function. Despite extensive research on perspective taking abilities in individuals with ASD, many factors have not been fully examined. This study further examined the contribution of angular disparity, anthropomorphism of an observer, and language use on visual perspective-taking.

Individuals with (ASD) demonstrate a strength in visual spatial cognition and a weakness in visual social cognition. This study examined the factors that may cause people with ASD to have difficulties …

Nature-Inspired Electrode Materials For Next Generation Sustainable Energy Storage, Mikhail Miroshnikov

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Despite revolutionizing the world of portable electronics, the contemporary lithium-ion battery (LIB) suffers from challenges associated with the cost, safety, and environmental impact of transition metal oxide-based intercalation cathodes. To alleviate these issues, naturally occurring organic molecules may serve as sustainable alternatives to traditional inorganic cathode materials. The electrochemical properties of organic compounds are derived from redox-active functional groups containing oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur. Additionally, these functional groups are capable of coordinating metal ions beyond lithium, allowing for compatibility with sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) and other earth abundant metal-based energy storage systems. However, despite competitive performance against commercialized cathode materials, much …

Do Physicians Perceive The Roles Of Nutritionists And Registered Dietitian Nutritionists As Different?, William Ramirez, Megan Williams

Loma Linda University Research Reports

Background: Dietitians are still divided on whether to use the credential Registered Dietitian (RD) or Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN). The option for dietitians to utilize RDN gained support in a 2013 joint committee meeting. The ambiguity between the terms dietitian and nutritionist leave many individuals unable to discern between the two. The opportunity for dietitians to treat greater quantities of patients is influenced by physicians’ understanding of dietitians’ roles and the public's understanding of services they provide.

Objective: To determine how the terms dietitian and nutritionist are understood and referred to in the healthcare setting and whether RD …

Snapshot Of Select Cancer Patient’S Dietary Intakes Prior To Chemotherapy And Alignment To Dietary Guidelines For Americans Recommendations, Claire Chappuis, Annabel Hong, Sandra Ochoa

Loma Linda University Research Reports

Background. Nutrition is a relevant concern for patients with cancer, as malnutrition has been associated with poor outcomes in cancer treatment. The period after a cancer diagnosis and prior to chemotherapy represents a window of opportunity to assess dietary intake and optimize nutritional status before side effects of cancer treatment occur.

Objective. The objective of this study is to assess the dietary habits of patients with cancer prior to chemotherapy and compare their intake against the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommendations.

Design. This cross-sectional study collected data on select participants using a validated dietary intake questionnaire, …

Obstructive Sleep Apnea In Middle Age Male Smokers, Muhammad Hassan, Saad Ali Ansari, Farzana Salman, Raafay Kamal Khan, Waleed Shahzad, Ehsan-Ur- Rehman, Omer Hassaan, Aftab Ahmed, Mazhar Badshah

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnea is the most common type of sleep apnea. This was designed to establish the relationship between smoking and obstructive sleep apnea. Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted at the outpatient department of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan, from August 2018 to November 2018 (dates mentioned in methods are different) and comprised of males aged 30-50 years. Participants were divided into two groups of smokers and non-smokers and Berlin questionnaire was used to collect data employing systemic random sampling. SPSS 22 was used for analysis. Results:There were 768 male participants in the study equally split between …

A Review Of Brain Death Protocols Across The Globe And Need For Brain Death Guideline For Pakistan., Mohammad Wasay, Syeda Batool Mujtaba, Mughis Sheerani, Saleem Barech, Rashid Jooma

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

The concept of brain death was first formally presented in United States of America in 1968 (Ad Hoc Committee of the Harvard Medical School to examine the definition of Brain Death, 1968) in part to facilitate organ donation. It is a widely accepted term in most countries but some like Japan do not consider it as death. According toAAN, brain death is defined as death due to irreversible loss of function of the entire brain — comparable to circulatory death, which is defined as irreversible loss of function of the circulatory system. The purpose of our study is to review …